专题05 一般现在时的被动语态【精讲精练】-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲（人教版）

2024-2025学年九年级上期中考点大串讲（人教版） 专题05 一般现在时的被动语态 语法精讲 语法概述 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态(Active Voice)和被动语态(Passive Voice).当主语为动作的执行者时,谓语要用主动语态;当主语为动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态. They use computers.(主动语态,主语They是动作use的执行者) Computers are used by them.(被动语态,主语Computers 是动作use的承受者) 1、被动语态的构成 被动语态由＂助动词be+及物动词的过去分词＂构成.其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的.一般现在时的被动语态的谓语形式为＂am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词＂. »This jacket is made of cotton.这件夹克衫是棉料的. »Many trees are planted by us every year.我们每年种许多树. 2、一般现在时的被动语态的句式结构 肯定句：主语＋am/is/are+过去分去分词( +by...) 否定句：主语＋am/is/are+ not+过去分(＋by...). 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语＋过去分(＋by...)? 特殊疑问词：特殊疑问句＋am/is/are+主语＋过去分词(＋by...)? English is spoken by many people.许多人说英语. They aren't allowed to go into the house.不许他们进入这所房子. Is the car made by a Japanese company?这辆汽车是由一家日本公司制造的吗? What is this kind of sweater made of? 这种毛衣是由什么制成的? 3、使用被动语态的情况 ①当动作的执行者不必或不易说出时,用被动语态. The flowers are watered every morning.每天早上给这些花浇水. ②需要突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态.动作的执行者由by引出且置于谓语动词之后,也可省略. The new teacher is liked by all the students.新老师被所有学生喜爱. ③表示＂据说／据报道／人们相信＂等,常用＂It is+过去分词＋that从句＂句型. It is reported that a rainstorm is coming its way.据报道,一场暴风雨就要来了. It is believed that both of the chairs were repaired by him.大家相信这两把椅子都是他修好的. ④文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语也常使用被动语态. Teachers Wanted 招聘老师(省略了are) 4、不能使用被动语态的情况 ① look、sound、smell、taste等系动词,用主动形式表示被动含义. This cup of orange juice tastes strange. Do you think it's OK to drink? 这杯橙汁尝起来很奇怪.你认为它可以喝吗? ②动词need、want以及短语 be worth等后接动词-ing时,用主动形式表示被动含义. My flowers need watering.我的花需要浇水. ③某些表示主语内在＂品质”或＂性能”的不及物动词,如write、wash、sell、read、clean、drive等,它们的主语为物时,用主动形式表示被动含义. This kind of skirt sells well here.这种裙子在这里很好卖. ④不及物动词或词组没有被动结构,如:take place(发生)、happen(发生)、come about(发生)、break out(爆发)、appear(出现)、disappear(消失)、last(持续)等. 5、主动语态和被动语态的转化 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。 主动语态转化为被动语态的步骤如下: (1)确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语. (2)把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语,若主动句里的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变为主格. (3)把谓语变成被动结构＂be+动词的过去分词＂,但时态不能改变. (4)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by后作宾语,若主语是人称代词,应把主格变为宾格. 6、主动语态和被动语态的转化 1）带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾) 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。 ①.give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。 give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . ②.buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。 buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by him . My mother made me a cake . I was made a cake by my mother A cake was made for me by my mother . 2）带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。 动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth The boss made the workers work all day The workers were made to work all day by the boss. 3）在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时，doing 不变。 I heard Tom singing just now Tom was heard singing by me just now . 4）以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 We should take care of the old . The old should be taken care of by us . 1. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 基础训练 一、单项选择 1．—Our school is beautiful! —It will be more beautiful if more trees ________ by us. A．were planted B．are planted C．planted D．plant 2．Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners. A．was learned B．learned C．is learned D．has learned 3．—How cool! The cars can drive by themselves.   —It’s reported that they by computers inside. A．controlled B．will be controlled C．are controlled D．are controlling 4．Labour can create wealth and at the same time beauty ________ by labour, too. A．making B．made C．is made D．make 5．Today Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world. A．was spoken B．is spoken C．spoke D．speak 6．The child without parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A．takes B．are taken C．take D．is taken 7．She won’t go to Mary’s birthday party tomorrow night unless she ________ by Mary. A．invites B．is invited C．will be invited D．will invite 8．In many places in China, the old over 90 ________ not only by their family but also by the government. A．is taking good care of B．are taken good care of C．is taken good care of D．are taking good care of 9．—What fine weather! Why not row boats on Fengcheng Lake together? —Sure, if your homework ________ by noon. A．finishes B．is finished C．has finished D．will be finished 10．Teenagers today ________ to get good grades by their parents so that they can enter a good university. A．expect B．are expected C．expected D．were expected 二、完成句子 11．Her classmates laugh at her from time to time. (改成被动语态) She by her classmates from time to time. 12．More and more people speak Chinese around the world. (改为被动语态) Chinese by more and more people around the world. 13．Do people use knives to cut things? (改为被动语态) to cut things by people? 14．The factory don’t make this kind of glass.(改为被动语态) This kind of glass by the factory. 15．Sally’s parents don’t allow her to go out on school nights. (改为被动语态) Sally to go out on school nights by her parents. 提升训练 一、单项选择 1．A baby’s first birthday is a special event in China and ________ with a special party. A．celebrates B．is celebrated C．was celebrated D．celebrated 2．—May I borrow another two books, Miss Li? —Sorry. No more books can be borrowed until these two ________. A．return B．would return C．are returned D．would be returned 3．The Moon Lake Park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year. A．are planted B．were planted C．plant D．planted 4．It ________ that people ________ in the Year of the Tiger are brave. A．said; was born B．says; was born C．is said; born D．says; born 5．Many flowers ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year. A．send B．are sending C．will send D．are sent 6．I won’t go to Tina’s birthday party unless I ________. A．am inviting B．will be invited C．was invited D．am invited 7．—Mr Zhao, will you go to the school trip tomorrow? —It depends. But I won’t unless I _________. A．will be allowed B．won’t be allowed C．am allowed D．am not allowed 8．—Mum, can I go for a picnic with my classmates this afternoon? —As long as your homework ________, you can. A．is finished B．finished C．will be finished D．will finish 9．—I won’t come to the party unless Tom ________. —You mean if Tom comes, you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 10．We ________ to turn off the lights before we leave the classroom. A．were told B．are told C．tell D．told 11．—When shall I hand in my report? — As soon as your report ________ tomorrow. A．completes B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed 12．—Will you go to Tina’s party tomorrow? —Unless I  ________. A．invite B．will indite C．am invited D．will be invited 13．—Do you know anything about the Olympic Game? —Yes. It ________every four years. A．holds B．has held C．is held D．was held 14．The meeting ________ next Monday. A．will be happened B．will take place C．will be taken place D．will happen 15．The cotton ________ very soft and ________ white, I think it has good quality. A．is felt, is looked B．feels, looks C．smells, sounds D．is felt, looks 二、完成句子 16．这些老人被照顾得很好。 These old people are . 17．这大楼里，是不允许吸烟的。 Smoking in this building. 18．《老人与海》是海明威所著。(完成译句) The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway. 19．可是他因为长得胖被同学嘲笑。 But he by his classmates for he’s a little fat. 20．在德国说什么语言？ What language in Germany? 21．地球表面约百分之七十被水覆盖。 About 70% of the earth’s surface water. 22．这种机器是用来切割木头的。 This kind of machine cutting wood. 23．我喜欢兔子剪纸，它们被视为可爱的象征。 I like the paper cutting of rabbits. They the symbol of cuteness. 24．同学们每天都会打扫教室。(clean) The classroom by the students every day. 25．那带灯的鞋被用在黑暗的环境中以便看得见。 The shoes with lights are for in the dark. $$2024-2025学年九年级上期中考点大串讲（人教版） 专题05 一般现在时的被动语态 语法精讲 语法概述 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态(Active Voice)和被动语态(Passive Voice).当主语为动作的执行者时,谓语要用主动语态;当主语为动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态. They use computers.(主动语态,主语They是动作use的执行者) Computers are used by them.(被动语态,主语Computers 是动作use的承受者) 1、被动语态的构成 被动语态由＂助动词be+及物动词的过去分词＂构成.其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的.一般现在时的被动语态的谓语形式为＂am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词＂. »This jacket is made of cotton.这件夹克衫是棉料的. »Many trees are planted by us every year.我们每年种许多树. 2、一般现在时的被动语态的句式结构 肯定句：主语＋am/is/are+过去分去分词( +by...) 否定句：主语＋am/is/are+ not+过去分(＋by...). 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语＋过去分(＋by...)? 特殊疑问词：特殊疑问句＋am/is/are+主语＋过去分词(＋by...)? English is spoken by many people.许多人说英语. They aren't allowed to go into the house.不许他们进入这所房子. Is the car made by a Japanese company?这辆汽车是由一家日本公司制造的吗? What is this kind of sweater made of? 这种毛衣是由什么制成的? 3、使用被动语态的情况 ①当动作的执行者不必或不易说出时,用被动语态. The flowers are watered every morning.每天早上给这些花浇水. ②需要突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态.动作的执行者由by引出且置于谓语动词之后,也可省略. The new teacher is liked by all the students.新老师被所有学生喜爱. ③表示＂据说／据报道／人们相信＂等,常用＂It is+过去分词＋that从句＂句型. It is reported that a rainstorm is coming its way.据报道,一场暴风雨就要来了. It is believed that both of the chairs were repaired by him.大家相信这两把椅子都是他修好的. ④文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语也常使用被动语态. Teachers Wanted 招聘老师(省略了are) 4、不能使用被动语态的情况 ① look、sound、smell、taste等系动词,用主动形式表示被动含义. This cup of orange juice tastes strange. Do you think it's OK to drink? 这杯橙汁尝起来很奇怪.你认为它可以喝吗? ②动词need、want以及短语 be worth等后接动词-ing时,用主动形式表示被动含义. My flowers need watering.我的花需要浇水. ③某些表示主语内在＂品质”或＂性能”的不及物动词,如write、wash、sell、read、clean、drive等,它们的主语为物时,用主动形式表示被动含义. This kind of skirt sells well here.这种裙子在这里很好卖. ④不及物动词或词组没有被动结构,如:take place(发生)、happen(发生)、come about(发生)、break out(爆发)、appear(出现)、disappear(消失)、last(持续)等. 5、主动语态和被动语态的转化 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。 主动语态转化为被动语态的步骤如下: (1)确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语. (2)把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语,若主动句里的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变为主格. (3)把谓语变成被动结构＂be+动词的过去分词＂,但时态不能改变. (4)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by后作宾语,若主语是人称代词,应把主格变为宾格. 6、主动语态和被动语态的转化 1）带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾) 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。 ①.give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。 give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . ②.buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。 buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by him . My mother made me a cake . I was made a cake by my mother A cake was made for me by my mother . 2）带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。 动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth The boss made the workers work all day The workers were made to work all day by the boss. 3）在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时，doing 不变。 I heard Tom singing just now Tom was heard singing by me just now . 4）以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 We should take care of the old . The old should be taken care of by us . 1. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 基础训练 一、单项选择 1．—Our school is beautiful! —It will be more beautiful if more trees ________ by us. A．were planted B．are planted C．planted D．plant 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们的学校很漂亮！——如果我们种更多的树，它会更美丽。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“It will be more beautiful if more trees…by us.”可知，该句是if引导的条件状语从句，从句使用一般现在时，从句主语“more trees”与“plant”之间存在被动关系，因此填一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 2．Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners. A．was learned B．learned C．is learned D．has learned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现在，汉语被越来越多的外国人学习。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Chinese…by more and more people in the world.”可知，这句话的主语是Chinese，它和动词learn构成被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；由“Nowadays”可知，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为“am/is/are+done”，主语是“Chinese”，因此用“is learned”。故选C。 3．—How cool! The cars can drive by themselves.   —It’s reported that they by computers inside. A．controlled B．will be controlled C．are controlled D．are controlling 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——太酷了！汽车可以自动驾驶。——据报道，它们是由内部的电脑控制的。 考查被动语态。controlled控制，一般过去时；will be controlled将被控制，一般将来时的被动语态；are controlled被控制，一般现在时的被动语态；are controlling正在控制，现在进行时。主语“they”指的是汽车，与动词“control”存在被动关系，且时态为一般现在时，故此处要用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 4．Labour can create wealth and at the same time beauty ________ by labour, too. A．making B．made C．is made D．make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：劳动可以创造财富，同时，也可以创造美。 考查被动语态。根据“beauty…by labour,”可知美由劳动创造，beauty和make是动宾关系，此处应用被动语态be done。故选C。 5．Today Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world. A．was spoken B．is spoken C．spoke D．speak 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天，全世界越来越多的人说汉语。 考查动词的语态。分析句子可知，本句陈述一般事实，需用一般现在时，且主语Chinese和谓语动词之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are done)。故选B。 6．The child without parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A．takes B．are taken C．take D．is taken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在这个特殊的学校，这个没有父母的孩子被他们的老师照顾得很好。 考查被动语态及主谓一致。takes采取，主动语态，主语为三单；are taken，被动语态，主语为复数；take，主动语态，主语为复数；is taken，被动语态，主语为单数。分析句子可知，句子主语是“The child”，“without parents”为后置定语，主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词应用单数形式，排除B、C；句子谓语为短语“take care of”，主语是该动作的承受者，应用被动语态，排除A，故选D。 7．She won’t go to Mary’s birthday party tomorrow night unless she ________ by Mary. A．invites B．is invited C．will be invited D．will invite 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她不会去Mary的生日聚会，除非Mary邀请她。 考查时态和语态。unless引导条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，因此从句用一般现在时，且主语和动词之间存在被动关系，所以使用被动语态，结构是be done，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选B。 8．In many places in China, the old over 90 ________ not only by their family but also by the government. A．is taking good care of B．are taken good care of C．is taken good care of D．are taking good care of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在中国很多地方，超过90岁的老年人不仅受到家庭，也受到政府很好地照顾。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“not only by their family but also by the government.”可知，此处用被动语态，这里是陈述事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are done），主语是the old over 90，表复数，所以be动词用are，故选B。 9．—What fine weather! Why not row boats on Fengcheng Lake together? —Sure, if your homework ________ by noon. A．finishes B．is finished C．has finished D．will be finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多好的天气！为什么不一起在凤城湖划船呢？——当然，如果你的家庭作业在中午之前完成的话。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“if your homework...by noon”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，此处省略了主句，主句应表示他们将会去划船，属于一般将来时，因此从句采用一般现在时，主语homework和动词finish之间是被动关系，所以空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是：am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语homework是不可数名词，be动词用is，finish变成过去分词finished。故选B。 10．Teenagers today ________ to get good grades by their parents so that they can enter a good university. A．expect B．are expected C．expected D．were expected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：父母期望如今的青少年取得好成绩，以便他们能够进入一所好的大学。 考查被动语态。Teenagers与选项核心词expect之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，本句描述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：be+done，主语为Teenagers，为名词复数，be动词用are。故选B。 二、完成句子 11．Her classmates laugh at her from time to time. (改成被动语态) She by her classmates from time to time. 【答案】is laughed at 【详解】句意：她的同学时不时地嘲笑她。根据“laugh at”可知，该句是一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构是“is/am/are+动词的过去分词”，主语“she”为单数，be动词用is，laugh的过去分词是laughed。故填is；laughed；at。 12．More and more people speak Chinese around the world. (改为被动语态) Chinese by more and more people around the world. 【答案】is spoken 【详解】句意：世界上越来越多的人说汉语。原句是一般现在时，改为一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are done。主语“Chinese”指中文，是不可数名词，be动词用is；speak的过去分词是spoken。故填is spoken。 13．Do people use knives to cut things? (改为被动语态) to cut things by people? 【答案】Are knives used 【详解】句意：人们用刀切东西吗？原句改为被动语态时可以表达为“刀被人们用来切东西吗”，原句时态为一般现在时，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为knives，结构：are done，use的过去分词为used，一般疑问句中将are置于句首，其后接主语和动词过去分词。故填Are；knives；used。 14．The factory don’t make this kind of glass.(改为被动语态) This kind of glass by the factory. 【答案】isn’t made 【详解】句意：这家工厂不做这种玻璃。根据“don’t”可知，时态是一般现在时，被动语态结构是be done。主语是单数，系动词用isn’t，make过去分词made。故填isn’t；made。 15．Sally’s parents don’t allow her to go out on school nights. (改为被动语态) Sally to go out on school nights by her parents. 【答案】isn’t allowed 【详解】句意：萨莉的父母不允许她在上学的晚上出去。根据原句可知，变为被动语态时表示“萨莉不被父母允许在上学的晚上出去”；被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”，原句为一般现在时，被动语态也用一般现在时，主语“Sally”为第三人称单数，用is构成被动语态；原句为否定句，应用isn’t，allow“允许”。故填isn’t；allowed。 提升训练 一、单项选择 1．A baby’s first birthday is a special event in China and ________ with a special party. A．celebrates B．is celebrated C．was celebrated D．celebrated 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在中国一个婴儿第一个生日是一件特殊的事，要举办特殊的聚会庆祝。 考查时态及语态。根据语境可知，此处表达的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语“A baby’s first birthday”和空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态。故选B。 2．—May I borrow another two books, Miss Li? —Sorry. No more books can be borrowed until these two ________. A．return B．would return C．are returned D．would be returned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李老师，我可以再借两本书吗？——抱歉，只有这两本书归还了之后才能借其他的书。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“these two”可知，这里指的是两本书，“书”和“归还”是动宾关系，需要用被动语态，排除AB；until引导时间状语从句，‌从句的时态通常与主句的时态相呼应，结合语境，应该用一般现在时，故选C。 3．The Moon Lake Park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year. A．are planted B．were planted C．plant D．planted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为每年种植越来越多种类的花，所以月亮湖公园变得越来越美丽。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“every year”可知，应使用一般现在时；“more kinds of flowers”是动作“plant”的承受者，应用被动语态。故选A。 4．It ________ that people ________ in the Year of the Tiger are brave. A．said; was born B．says; was born C．is said; born D．says; born 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据说虎年出生的人很勇敢。 考查时态。根据题干中的“It”可知此处用is said，It is said that是个固定用法，意为“据说……”；第二个空用过去分词born作定语。故选C。 5．Many flowers ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year. A．send B．are sending C．will send D．are sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每年母亲节都有许多花送给母亲。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语Many flowers和谓语send之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选D。 6．I won’t go to Tina’s birthday party unless I ________. A．am inviting B．will be invited C．was invited D．am invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：除非我被邀请，否则我不会去蒂娜的生日聚会。 考查动词时态及语态。am inviting现在进行时；will be invited一般将来时的被动语态；was invited一般过去时的被动语态；am invited一般现在时的被动语态。根据“I won’t go to Tina’s birthday party unless”可知，此处是unless引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，从句应用一般现在时，且主语I与谓语invite之间是动宾关系，因此此处为一般现在时的被动语态am done。故选D。 7．—Mr Zhao, will you go to the school trip tomorrow? —It depends. But I won’t unless I _________. A．will be allowed B．won’t be allowed C．am allowed D．am not allowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——赵先生，你明天会去学校旅行吗？——这要看情况。但除非我被允许，否则我不会去。 考查时态和语态。根据“But I won’t unless I...”可知，该句是unless引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，排除AB；该句指的是除非被允许，才会去参加旅行，排除D。故选C。 8．—Mum, can I go for a picnic with my classmates this afternoon? —As long as your homework ________, you can. A．is finished B．finished C．will be finished D．will finish 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天下午我能和同学们去野餐吗？——只要你的作业完成了，你就可以。 考查时态及语态。as long as引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则；空处所在句的主语与谓语为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态。故选A。 9．—I won’t come to the party unless Tom ________. —You mean if Tom comes, you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——除非汤姆被邀请了不然我不会去参加聚会。——你的意思是如果汤姆去你也去？ 考查时态和语态。Tom是动作的承受者，应当用被动语态；unless引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时。故选D。 10．We ________ to turn off the lights before we leave the classroom. A．were told B．are told C．tell D．told 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们被告知在离开教室之前要关灯。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“We...to turn off the lights before we leave the classroom.”可知，我们被告知要关灯，sb. be told to do sth.“某人被告知去做某事”，结合“we leave”，可知此处用一般现在时，所以是一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”，are told符合语境。故选B。 11．—When shall I hand in my report? — As soon as your report ________ tomorrow. A．completes B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我什么时候上交我的报告啊？——明天一做完就上交。 考查时态和语态。as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主语report与complete “完成” 之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be done，主语是单数，be动词用is，complete的过去分词为completed。故选B。 12．—Will you go to Tina’s party tomorrow? —Unless I  ________. A．invite B．will indite C．am invited D．will be invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你明天会去Tina的聚会吗？——除非我被邀请。 考查条件状语从句和被动语态。根据“Will you go to Tina’s party tomorrow?”和“Unless I…”可知，答句是unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句应是一般现在时，排除选项B和D；根据“I”和“invite”的关系可知，此处表示“我被邀请”，所以是被动语态，所以从句用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语结构是am/is/are done。故选C。 13．—Do you know anything about the Olympic Game? —Yes. It ________every four years. A．holds B．has held C．is held D．was held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你了解奥运会吗？——是的。它每四年举行一次。 考查被动语态。主语“It”与动词“hold”存在被动关系，且时间状语是“every four years”可知，此处要用一般现在时的被动语态，即am/is/are+过去分词，故选C。 14．The meeting ________ next Monday. A．will be happened B．will take place C．will be taken place D．will happen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：会议将于下周一举行。 考查动词辨析和无被动语态情况。take place常指(某事)按计划进行或按计划发生；happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的发生。happen和take place均不可用于被动语态，可先排除A、C两项；而此会议的举行是有计划的或预料之中会发生的事情，用take place。故选B。 15．The cotton ________ very soft and ________ white, I think it has good quality. A．is felt, is looked B．feels, looks C．smells, sounds D．is felt, looks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这棉花摸起来很软，看起来很白，我认为质量很好。 考查系动词的用法。feel感觉，摸起来；look看起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来。系动词没有被动语态，故排除选项A、D。根据句意可知第一个空是摸起来很软，第二个空是看起来很白，且主语是“The cotton”，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，结合选项，故选B。 二、完成句子 16．这些老人被照顾得很好。 These old people are . 【答案】taken good care of 【详解】take good care of“照顾好”，结合题干可知，句子用被动语态“be done”，空前已有“are”，此时动词take应用过去分词形式taken。故填taken；good；care；of。 17．这大楼里，是不允许吸烟的。 Smoking in this building. 【答案】isn’t allowed 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“不允许”，英文表达为be not allowed，陈述事实时态用一般现在时，主语Smoking，动名词作主语，be动词用单数is，否定缩写形式为isn’t。故填isn’t；allowed。 18．《老人与海》是海明威所著。(完成译句) The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway. 【答案】is written 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“所著”，其英文表达为write，分析句子可知，主语The Old Man and the Sea与谓语动词write是动宾关系，描述事实应用一般现在时，其被动结构为：am/is/are+过去分词，主语为单数，be动词用is。故填is；written。 19．可是他因为长得胖被同学嘲笑。 But he by his classmates for he’s a little fat. 【答案】is laughed at 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“被嘲笑”的英文，laugh at意为“嘲笑”，为动词短语，主语he与laugh at之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；再根据“he’s”可知，时态是一般现在时，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是is/am/are done；主语是he，be动词应用is；laugh的过去分词是laughed。故填is；laughed；at。 20．在德国说什么语言？ What language in Germany? 【答案】is spoken 【详解】分析句子可知，主语language和谓语speak之间是被动关系，且描述客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is；spoken。 21．地球表面约百分之七十被水覆盖。 About 70% of the earth’s surface water. 【答案】is covered with 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“被……覆盖”，其英文表达为be covered with，固定搭配；句子陈述的是事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语surface为第三人称单数，谓语be动词用is。故填is；covered；with。 22．这种机器是用来切割木头的。 This kind of machine cutting wood. 【答案】is used for 【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“用来”；be used for doing sth.“被用来做某事”；主语“This kind of machine”是单数，句子是一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is；used；for。 23．我喜欢兔子剪纸，它们被视为可爱的象征。 I like the paper cutting of rabbits. They the symbol of cuteness. 【答案】are seen as 【详解】be seen as表示“被视为”；主语为They，时态为一般现在时，故be动词用are。故填are；seen；as。 24．同学们每天都会打扫教室。(clean) The classroom by the students every day. 【答案】is cleaned 【详解】根据句意可知，打扫教室：clean the classroom，此处the classroom位于句首作主语，与动词clean之间是被动关系；结合“every day”可知，句中时态为一般现在时，因此应用一般现在时的被动语态（be done），主语是第三人称单数，be动词使用is。故填is；cleaned。 25．那带灯的鞋被用在黑暗的环境中以便看得见。 The shoes with lights are for in the dark. 【答案】used seeing 【详解】be used for“用于……”，所以第一个空填used；see“看见”，因为空前有介词for，所以用动词ing形式，第二个空填seeing。故填used；seeing。 $$