内容正文:
Module 7
知 识 归 纳
必记单词
四会
face脸,面孔 vegetable 蔬菜 horse 马 sheep羊, 绵羊 pig猪 bear熊
fruit水果 chicken 鸡
三会
climb爬, 攀爬
常考短语
have a look 看一看 there is有, 存在 there are 有, 存在
climb a tree 爬树 in this photo 在这张照片中 ride a horse 骑马
eat vegetables 吃蔬菜 on the bike 在自行车上 watch the cat看那只猫
eat fruit 吃水果 in the tree在树上 under the tree 在树下
必会句型
1.描述某地有某人/某物(单数/不可数)的句型:
There is+某人/某物+地点.
例: There is a horse in this photo.这张照片里有一匹马。
2.描述某地有某人/某物(复数)的句型:
There are+某人/某物(复数)+地点.
例: There are three boys on the bike.自行车上有三个男孩。
3.描述某人正在做什么的句型:
主语+ be 动词+动词- ing 形式(+其他).
例: They're eating fruit and vegetables.他们正在吃水果和蔬菜。
核心语法
there be句型:表示“某处有某人/某物”,用于表示客观存在。
· 肯定句: There is+可数名词单数/不可数名词(+其他).
There are+可数名词复数(+其他).
· 否定句: There is + not+可数名词单数/不可数名词(+其他).
There are+ not+可数名词复数(+其他).
· 一般疑问句及其回答: —Is there +可数名词单数/不可数名词(+其他)?
—Yes, there is./ No, there isn't.
—Are there+可数名词复数(+其他)?
—Yes, there are./ No, there aren't.
✬注意:there be句型中的be动词的选用取决于其后主语;若存在多个主语时,be动词需与距离其最近的主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
考 点 速 记
[考点] there be句型
There is a house in this photo. 在这张照片中有一所房子。
There are some nice photos here. 这里有一些漂亮的照片。
there be 句型表示“某处有某物/某人”。
一、句型结构
(一)肯定句
1. There is+a/an+可数名词单数(+介词+地点).
如:There is a pen on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔。
2. There are +可数名词复数(+介词+地点).
如:There are four apples on the ground. 地上有四个苹果。
3. There is +不可数名词(+介词+地点).
如:There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。
(二)否定句
1. There isn't + a / an +可数名词单数(+介词+地点).
如:There isn't a book in the schoolbag. 书包里没有书。
2. There aren't+可数名词复数(+介词+地点).
如:There aren't five bananas on the table. 桌子上没有五根香蕉。
3. There isn't +不可数名词(+介词+地点).
如:There isn't any juice in the glass. 玻璃杯里没有果汁。
注意: some和any都表示“一些”,但是some一般用于肯定句中,any一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
(三)一般疑问句及其回答:
1.将there be句型的陈述句改为一般疑问句时,把 be动词( is, are)提到句首,句中如果有 some,则改成 any,句末标点改为问号。
如: 陈述句: There are some books on the desk.
一般疑问句: Are there any books on the desk?
2. there be句型一般现在时的一般疑问句结构及其回答:
(1)主语为可数名词单数: Is there a / an+可数名词单数+地点状语?
肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn't.
如:— Is there a pencil case in your schoolbag?你的书包里有铅笔盒吗? — No, there isn't.不,没有。
(2)主语为可数名词复数: Are there any+可数名词复数+地点状语?
肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答: No, there aren't.
如:— Are there any apples in the basket?篮子里有苹果吗? — Yes, there are.是的,有。
(3)主语为不可数名词: Is there any+不可数名词+地点状语?
肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn't.
如:— Is there any milk in the glass?杯子里有牛奶吗? — No, there isn't.不,没有。
二、就近原则(有多个主语时)
最靠近 be 动词的主语如果是单数或不可数名词,be动词用 is;最靠近 be动词的主语如果是可数名词复数,be动词用 are。
例: There is an egg and some apples on the table. 桌上有一个鸡蛋和一些苹果。
There are some apples and an egg on the table.桌上有一些苹果和一个鸡蛋。
提分练 一、用 be动词的适当形式填空。
1. There ________ an apple on the desk.
2. There ________ three boys in the photo.
3. There ________ some juice in the bottle.
4. There ________ two horses under the tree.
5. There ________a teacher and twelve girls in the classroom.
提分练 二、单项选择。
( )1. ________ there a bike in the garden?
A. Is B. Are C. Do
( ) 2. There ________ an y books on the desk.
A. aren't B. isn't C. don’t
( )3. There isn't ________ food in the fridge.
A. some B. any C. a
( ) 4.—Are there any books in your bag?
—Yes,________.
A. there is B. they are C. there are
( ) 5.— Are there two pencils in the bag?
—________ One is red, and the other is green.
A. Yes, there is. B. Yes, there are. C. No, there aren't.
( ) 6.— Are there ________ art rooms in your school?
— Yes. They are very nice and big.
A. some B. a C. any
( ) 7. Is there ________ in the zoo?
A. a tiger B. tigers C. tiger
( ) 8.— Is there a music room in the school?
—________ There's an art room, too.
A. Yes, there are. B. Yes, there is. C. No, there isn't.
提分练 三、按要求完成句子。
1. There is a banana on the table. (改为复数句)
There ________ ________ ________ on the table.
2. There are some oranges in her schoolbag. (改为否定句)
There ________ ________ oranges in her schoolbag.
3. There is a ruler and two pens in my hand. (改为同义句)
There ________ two pens and a ruler in my hand.
4. There are some bears in the forest. (改为单数句)
There ________ ________ ________ in the forest.
5. There are not any rooms. (改为肯定句)
There ________ ________ rooms.
提分练 四、根据汉语意思完成下列句子
1. 房子前有一棵大树。
________ ________ a big tree in front of the house.
2. 你们班有多少学生?
________ ________ students ________there in your class?
3. 桌子上放着什么?
________ on the table?
4. 明天下午不开会。
There ________ ________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
5. 杯子里没有一些牛奶。
There ________ ________milk in the cup.
参考答案
there be 句型
一、1. is 解析:an apple 是单数概念, be 动词用 is。
2. are 解析:three boys是复数概念, be动词用 are。
3. is 解析:juice 是不可数名词, be动词用 is。
4. are 解析:two horses是复数概念, be 动词用 are。
5. is 解析:靠近 be 动 词的 主 语 是 a teacher, 是单数概念, be 动词用 is。
二、1. A 解析:由a bike 可知应用 Is, 故选 A。
2. A 解析:books是可数名词复数, be 动词用 are, 故选 A。
3. B 解析:本句是否定句,若想表示“一些”,需要用 any, 故选 B。
4. C 解析:用 Are there 提问就要用 there are 回答, 故选 C。
5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B
三、1.are some bananas 2.aren’t any 3.are 4.is a bear 5.are some
四、1. There is 2. How many; are 3. What’s 4. won’t be 5. isn’t any
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