Unit 3 Sea Exploration Reading and Thinking教学设计-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit3 Reading and Thinking 课时内容 Learn about sea exploration 主题语境：人与自然 主题群：宇宙探索 子主题：海洋探索 语篇类型：说明文 文本分析： 【What】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国从古至今的海洋探索历程。文章第一段开宗明义，指出贸易往来和对世界的好奇心驱使着人类探索未知的世界，通过列举马可·波罗、哥伦布等西方航海家，引出中国的海洋探索历史；第二段介绍了古代丝绸之路，展现了早期东西方的交流；第三段讲述了明朝郑和下西洋的壮举，呈现了中国悠久的和平外交传统；第四段介绍了中国的“一带一路”，尤其是“21世纪海上丝绸之路”对经济贸易和文化交流的作用；第五段以南极海洋科考为例，介绍了当代中国在海洋探索领域与他国开展的国际合作；第六段总结全文，展望未来-伴随着科技的进步，中国将继续开拓进取、深化海外合作。 【Why】通过该语篇的学习，学生能够结合说明文的结构特点和说明方法，了解中国从古至今的海洋探索历程，辩证看待海洋探索活动对世界文明的影响，思考海洋探索对国家乃至整个世界的意义，体会“一带一路”，尤其是“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的深远意义，理解建设现代化强国、促进世界和平与发展的责任，形成正确的海洋发展观，树立人类命运共同体意识。 【How】本文是一篇典型的说明文，以时间为明线，脉络清晰地介绍了中国从古至今的海洋探索历程。从文章结构看，每一个探索历程均包含了具体的航海时间、地点、事件、目的或结果等维度；从语言层面看，作者使用了许多与航海相关的动词短语如 reach out across the sea、set sail等，也使用了the aim of、in order to、lead to 等一系列与目的和影响有关的功能表达。文章还以中国和平友好的外交方式为暗线，展现了自古以来中国在贸易、科技、文化交流等领域开展地区合作，推动互利共赢、合作发展的责任与担当。文章细节信息比较多，需要学生将碎片化信息进行整合，建构结构化知识。 课时目标 学完本课后，学生能够： 1．运用阅读技巧，判断说明文的文体特点，理解说明文的结构特征和说明方法。 2．结合图表，梳理每个时期的探索的航海抵达区域、主要事件以及航海的目的或结果，深入了解中国从古至今的海洋探索历程。 3．通过对比、归纳与分享交流，思考海洋探索对国家乃至整个世界的影响，体会“一带一路”，特别是“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的深远意义，增强民族使命感、培养人类命运共同体意识。 重点难点 重点 1．理解说明文的结构特点和说明方法。 2．梳理每个时期的探索的航海抵达区域、主要事件以及航海的目的或结果。 难点 1． 结合时间线，利用图表整合、归纳文章的碎片化信息。 2． 思考海洋探索对国家乃至整个世界的意义，体会“一带一路”，尤其是“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的深远意义。 教学准备 教师准备 1．了解有关海洋探索的重要历史人物、事件及其重要影响和意义。 2．熟悉中国当代在海洋探索和国际交流合作领域的重要活动、事件及其影响。 3．深度了解说明文的语篇结构特点和文体特征。 学生准备 1．预习新词汇和课文内容。 2．利用网络资源熟悉课文内容涉及的背景知识。 精彩课堂 Step I 学习理解 活动一：感知与注意 1. Read and discuss. Ask students to read the quote on the Opening Page and discuss what the quote is about. Suggested answer: The quote is from President Xi Jinping. Xi offered his congratulations in a letter to the 2019 China Marine Economny Expo. He called for efforts to accelerate marine sci-tech innovation, improve marine development capacity, and foster and strengthen emerging marine industries of strategic importance. He urged efforts to promote marine connectivity and cooperation in all areas and develop a “blue partnership" among all countries. He also stressed marine ecological conservation,marine pollution prevention and treatment, protection of marine biodiversity,orderly development and utilisation of marine resources, in a bid to leave a clean and tidy marine environment to future generations. 2. Discuss and share. Ask students to discuss the following question with their partners. ·Do you know any stories about sea voyages? (Share your story with a partner based on the given chart.) Navigator Nationality Achievement Time Navigator Nationality Achievement Time Zheng He Chinese made seven voyages to the Western Seas; his voyages are one of the world navigation feats in history 1405-1433 Christopher Columbus Italian discovered a new world 1492 Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese made the first voyage around the world 1519 【设计意图】单元引言出自国家主席习近平致“2019年中国海洋经济博览会”开幕的贺信，引言内容呈现整个单元主题。通过以上两组讨论，学生走进单元主题，形成对海洋探索的基本认知，为理解海洋探索对国家乃至整个世界的意义作铺垫，同时激发学生学习的热情。 活动二：获取与梳理 1. Make a prediction. Ask students to look at the title and the picture. And then have them answer the question. ·What will be introduced in the text? Suggested answer: ·From the title, we can learn that the text is about sea exploration. And from the picture of a famous navigator, Zheng He, we can learn that it is about China's history of sea exploration. 2. Read for the text type. (1)Ask students to read the following sentences and have a brief understanding of essay types. There are four major types of essay: narrative, descriptive, expository,and argumentative. A narrative essay is a story with a beginning, middle, and end. A descriptive essay descries a subject and lists interesting details. An expository essay is factual, giving information on a subject. Finally, an argumentative essay aims to convince the reader. (2)Ask students to skim the text, decide what type of essay it is and tell the reason. Suggested answer: It is an expository essay because it describes China's sea exploration and gives factual information. 3. Read for the main idea of each paragraph. Ask students to read the text again. And then have them match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1 A. China is also joining with other countries on other important projects. Para.2 B. In ancient times, travel east to west was on the Silk Road. Para.3 C. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world. (Today, the Belt and Road Initiative is picking up where Zheng He left off.) Para.4 D. Zheng He's sea voyages built relations with other countries. Para.5 E. Travel from east to west began long before Columbus. Para.6 F. China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other countries. Suggested answers: Para.1-E;Para.2-B;Para.3-D;;Para.4-CPara.5-A;Para.6-F 【设计意图】学生根据标题和图片预测文本内容，形成阅读期待；通过略读策略，整体把握文本内容，验证预测和初步认识说明文的语篇特征；通过匹配段落大意，掌握语篇主旨大意，提升对文章的概括能力。 活动三：概括与整合 1.Read for the structure. Ask students to answer the questions. Then havethem draw a structure map of the text. ·How is the text developed? ·What is introduced in each exploration? ·How many parts can the text be divided into? What is the main idea of each part? Suggested answers: ·Time sequence. ·Time, region, event and result/purpose. ·The text can be divided into two parts. The first part is Paragraph 1, which introduces the topic: China's sea exploration. The second part is from Paragraph 2to Paragraph 6, whch introduces factual information, including time, region,event and result/purpose of each exploration. The second part can also be divided into 3 parts: China's sea exploration in the past, at present and in the future. 2. Read for factual information. (1)Ask students to scan the text and fill in the table with the correct names.(Activity 4) Suggested answers: the Silk Road; African royal families; the Arctic; Rome; Sri Lanka; the Ming Dynasty;Du Huan; Zheng He; Marco Polo (2)Ask students to read Paragraph 1 and answer the questions. ·What lit up the strong passion for the people of early civilisations to reach out across the sea? ·What inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east? ·Why are Marco Polo and Columbus mentioned? ·Why is "however” used in the last sentence? What is the function of the last sentence? Suggested answers: ·Trade and curiosity. ·Marco Polo's tales. ·They are mentioned as examples to demonstrate that “trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements”. ·"However” is used to introduce something important that contrasts with what has been said previously. The last sentence is used as a transitional sentence directing the discussion from ocean exploration in general to expeditions made by China,entering the main topic of the text. (3)Ask students to read Paragraphs 2~6 and finish the following tasks. 1)What is introduced in each exploration? Please finish the chart to answer the question. Information Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 Para.5 Para.6 Time Region Event Result/Purpose Suggested answer: Para.2 Time: in ancient times Region: India; the Middle East; Rome; the coasts of the Indian Ocean; Sri Lanka Event: merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals; Du Huan's Record of My Travels Result/Purpose: negotiate trade deals; cultural awareness Para.3 Time: in the Ming Dynasty Region: the South China Sea; the Indian Ocean; the mouth of the Red Sea; the east coast of Africa Event: seven large fleets under the command of Zheng He sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration; African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk and species Result/Purpose: develop relations Para.4 Time:today Region: the ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He; the Silk Road areas Event: China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes Result/Purpose; encourage cooperation and trade; strengthen the bonds; develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange Para.5 Time: in recent years Region: the Arctic Event: China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic Result/Purpose: understand climate change and its effects Para.6 Time: far into the future Region: unknown Result/Purpose: trade and enhance relationships 2)Mark the sea routes of China's sea exploration in different times on the maps. ①Mark the ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He in the Ming Dynasty. ②Mark the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road and the Silk Road Economic Belt. Suggested answers: （见课件） 3. Read and retell. Ask students to read the text and retell China's sea exploration. 【设计意图】文本按照时间顺序展开，对每个时期的探索从航海抵达区域、主要事件、航海目的和结果等维度进行说明。教师引导学生借用结构图、表格和地图梳理文本信息，将碎片化的信息结构化，加深对说明文结构特征的认知；同时，学生通过有逻辑、有条理的复述提高语言运用能力和表达能力，并为后续进一步探究主题意义、深度理解文本作铺垫，为在新语境中迁移所学内容、实现创新表达创造条件。 Step II 应用实践 活动四：分析与判断 Read for facts and opinions. (1)Ask students to read the following sentences and get to know the differences and connections between facts and opinions. Facts and opinions A fact is anything that is done or happens; anything actually existent; any statement strictly true; truth; reality. Facts are statements that can be proven.Facts may be true or false. An opinion can be a general or an individual view, belief or impression. Opinions can be argued. Opinions may be supported with facts. (2) Ask students to discuss the following questions with their group members. And then have them finish the chart. Questions Facts Opinions ①Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why? ②What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this? ③What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world? ④What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative? Suggested answers: Questions Facts Opinions ① European explorers,China,India,Ceylon,African royal families. For trade. ② They got new products from many different countries and became more aware of other cultures. In some cases, this led to invasion and conquest. ③ The land and sea routes remained active channels between different cultures for centuries. Generally speaking, the result was positive, as it advanced the spread of knowledge, technology,and goods, and made the world a smaller place. ④ The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. It will lead to greater integration with China and other countries. 【设计意图】教师引导学生整合、分析有关海洋探索的信息，并基于事实信息表达自己的观点、培养学生的逻辑思维能力和批判性思维能力，实现深度学习。 Step II 迁移创新 活动五：批判与评价 1.Make comparisons and voice opinions. (1)Make comparisons. ①Ask students to compare the changes of regions, events and results/purposes over time. And then have them discuss the question with their group members: What conclusions can you draw from them? ②Ask students to compare the purposes of China's sea exploration and other countries'and think about their similarities and differences. Suggested answers: ①Today, trade and curiosity still remain motivations of sea exploration. China is pursuing cooperation, bonds, development of the whole area and benefits for mankind. China today is much stronger than ever before and we are more involved in international affairs and shoulder greater responsibility for mankind. ② Similarities: Promote cultural exchange, encourage cooperation and trade,strengthen the bonds, and enhance relationships. Differences: There exist invasion and conquest in some other countries' sea exploration.But China is not like this. (2)Voice opinions. ①Ask students to discuss the difficulties people meet (met or will meet) in each period of sea exploration. Suggested answer: In the past: bad transportation, bad climate, simple tools, unexpected danger,language barriers, culture conflict, lacking knowledge of navigation,... Today or in the future: extreme weather conditions, severe pressure in the deep sea,the limit in advanced technology,... ②Ask students to discuss the following three questions. ·Why do you think China continues to explore the sea despite all the difficulties? ·What benefits will China's sea exploration bring to the world? ·As students, are you in favour of the further sea exploration? What can we do for sea exploration? Suggested answers: ·Despite all the difficulties, China continues to explore the sea for the benefit of all humans. ·Help promote the economic prosperity and economic cooperation, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning between dfferent civilisations, and improve world peace and development. 【设计意图】教师引导学生对比、分析中外海洋探索在目的上的异同之处，了解中国自古秉承的和平、友好、互助的外交传统，思考中国海洋探索的困难与意义，理解我国发展海洋事业的责任与使命，并由国家推及个人，认知个人与国家战略的紧密关系，增强民族使命感，同时升华文章的主题意义。 2.Assignment. (1)Ask students to surf the Internet to get more information related to China's sea exploration and the Belt and Road Initiative. (2)Ask students to hold a micro forum on the Belt and Road Initiative. Tell them that the following contents should be included. The effect brought by the Belt and Road Initiative in the past ten years The development of the Belt and Road Initiative The challenges that China encounters in developing the Belt and Road Initiative The significance of the Belt and Road Initiative 【设计意图】2023年是共建“一带一路”倡议提出十周年，也是取得丰硕成果的十年。学生通过举办微型论坛活动，直观体会“一带一路”的深远意义；在整个创造性互动合作模式中，学生不仅能够内化知识、提升语言技能，而且能够深化和拓展对主题意义的理解，提高批判性和创造性思维能力。 (3)Self-evaluation. Ask students to evaluate their performance according to the following checklist. Your Performance I have a better understanding of the structure and language features of an expository essay. 5 4 3 2 1 I know a lot abouIt China's sea exploration in the past, today and in the future. 5 4 3 2 1 I get to know the significance of reaching out across thesea. 5 4 3 2 1 I have learnt to make use of the words and expressions: I still need to improve: 板书设计 Unit 3 Sea Exploration Learn about sea exploration Period I Reading and Thinking topic (Para. 1): China's sea exploration factual information in the past (Paras.2~3) (Paras. 2~6): time,region, at present(Paras.4~5) event and result/purpose in the future (Para.6) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$