内容正文:
nullnullnullnullnullSection A
What is your family like?
Pronunciation
Unit 2 We're Family
Learning Aims
语言能力
文化意识
思维品质
学习能力
1. 能听懂有关问候他和打招呼人的表达;
2. 能运用课堂所学句型熟练问候老师、同学,同他人交际;
3. 能运用所学句型同他人展开对话。
1. 通过听力输入和口头训练,让学生熟练运用问候、打招呼句型。
2. 通过层层递进的课堂任务,让学生能够运用目标词汇与句型进行初步口头语言输出。
通过教学活动的开展,锻炼学生的口语表达能力和听说能力,提升学生思维能力的灵活性与系统性,使学生能就话题较好地完成一些开放性的对话,以提高在真实语境中的英语交际能力。
通过本节课的学习,让学生能够与同学积极合作,参与课堂活动,大胆实践;能够体会到英语学习的兴趣,善于与他人交际,与同学、老师交往。
Let’s chant
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm
Review: Put the pictures of your family members in the family tree and introduce it.
Useful expressions:
Look at the family tree.
This is my family.
These are ... , my ... and ... .
This is ... , my ... .
Oh the ... is my family, too!
This is my family. I love my family!
Try to pronounce.
Do you remember how to pronounce them?
/i:/
/i/
/e/
/æ/
Try to pronounce.
How about them? Let’s learn!
/ɜ:/
/ә/
/ʌ/
/ɑ:/
Listen and repeat.
1
嘴形扁平,上下齿微开,舌身平放,舌中部稍稍抬高。
嘴唇微微张开,舌身放平,舌中部微微抬起,口腔自然放松发声。
嘴唇微微张开,伸向两边,舌尖轻触下齿,舌后部稍稍抬起。
口腔打开,嘴张大,舌身放平,舌尖不抵下齿,下巴放低,放松发音。
/ɜː/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɑː/
her sister duck dark
girl summer hut march
turn doctor much heart
/ɜː/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɑː/
her sister duck dark
girl summer hut march
turn doctor much heart
1. Listen and repeat. Then pay attention to the ways of pronouncing.
/ɜː/ 和 /ə/
发这两个音时,舌头的中部稍稍抬起,口腔在半开半闭之间,扁唇。/ɜː/ 口腔肌肉紧张,发长音,舍位在中元音中最高,接近前元音/e/的高度。
/ə/口腔肌肉放松,发短音,舍位高低位于/ɜː/和/ʌ/之间。
/ɜː/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɑː/
her sister duck dark
girl summer hut march
turn doctor much heart
/ʌ/ 和 /ɑː/
/ʌ/:舌中部向硬腭中部上台,发音短促,舍位略高于//,口腔开度略小/ææ/.
/ɑː/舌后部向软腭抬起,舍位尽量向后拉,口腔全开,圆唇,发长音
长元音 [ɜː]
书写格式
口腔定位
发音示例
舌尖抵下齿,舌前部尽量向上腭抬起
略略扁形,像微笑的口形,嘴唇较紧
发音时间可持续长些
[ɜ:]
10
Words
[ɜː]
or
ear
earth [ɜːθ]
early ['ɜː-lɪ]
ir
ur
er
girl [ɡɜːl ]
shirt [ʃɜːt]
purple [ˈpɜːpl]
turn [tɜːn]
her [hɜː]
term [tɜːm]
worm [wɜːm]
worth [wɜːθ]
11
Sentences
Early bird gets the worm.
[ˈɜː-li][bɜːd] [wɜːm]
The thirsty bird gets thirty worms.
[ˈθɜː-sti] [ˈθɜː-ti]
The thirsty bird gets thirty worms in the third tree.
[θɜːd]
12
Let’s challenge!
有哪些常见字母或字母组合发/ɜː/的音呢?
[ɜː] 常见字母或组合:er ir or ur ear
1. term
/tɜː(r)m/
certain
/ˈsɜː(r)t(ə)n/
serve
/sɜː(r)v/
2. circle
/ˈsɜː(r)k(ə)l/
sir
/sɜː(r)/
shirt
/ʃɜː(r)t/
3. work
/wɜː(r)k/
word
/wɜː(r)d/
4. nurse
/nɜː(r)s/
hurt
/hɜː(r)t/
5. earth
/ɜː(r)θ/
learn
/lɜː(r)n/
短元音 [ə]
书写格式
口腔定位
发音示例
1.舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起,双唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形;
2. 在[3:]基础上往回收,嘴唇较松,非常轻松的发出这个音。
[ə]
14
Words
[ə]
er
a
e
winter ['wɪn-tə]
mother['mʌ-ðə]
umbrella [ʌm-'bre-lə]
doctor [dɔktə]
cinema ['sɪ-nə-mə]
banana [bə-'nɑː-nə]
open ['əʊ-pən]
o
today [tə-'deɪ]
tomato[təˈmɑːtəʊ]
u
autumn['ɔː-təm]
upon [ə-'pɒn]
or
visitor [‘vɪ-zɪ-tə]
Tips:visitor的音节严格说来应划分为:vis-i-tor,但为了拼读方便,采用了课件展示的方式
15
Sentences
Peter loves butter.
[ˈpiː-tə] [ˈbʌ-tə]
Peter loves the latter butter.
[ˈlæ-tə]
Teacher Peter loves the latter butter.
[ˈtiː-tʃə]
16
听音辩词
term today
turtle upon
allay early
term tomorrow
shirt should
banana burn
.
17
Let’s challenge!
有哪些常见字母或字母组合发/ɜː/的音呢?
[ə] 常见字母或组合:a o er or ar
1. about
/ə'baʊt/
China
/'tʃaɪnə/
2. today
/tə'deɪ/
collect
/kə'lekt/
3. teacher
/ˈtiːtʃə(r)/
farmer
/ˈfɑː(r)mə(r)/
4. doctor
/ˈdɒktə(r)/
actor
/ˈæktə(r)/
5. dollar
/ˈdɒlə(r)/
collar
/ˈkɒlə(r)/
18
长元音[ɑː]
[ɑː]
书写格式
口腔定位
发音示例
口开到最大,舌尖离开下齿龈,舌后部略抬起
长元音:发音拖长
后元音:它的发音部位靠后
19
Words
[ɑː]
ar
a
au
ear
far [fa:]
party ['pa:-ti]
class [kla:s]
basket ['ba:s-kɪt]
laugh [la:f]
aunt [a:nt]
heartbreak [ha:t-breɪk]
heart [ha:t]
20
Let’s challenge!
有哪些常见字母或字母组合发/ɑː/的音呢?
[ɑː] 常见字母或组合:a ar au al ear
1. father
/ˈfɑːðə(r)/
glass
/ɡlɑːs/
2. car
/kɑː(r)/
farm
/fɑː(r)m/
3. aunt
/ɑːnt/
laugh
/lɑːf/
4. half
/hɑːf/
calm
/kɑːm/
5. heart
/hɑː(r)t/
hearth
/hɑː(r)θ/
Sentences
No parking.
[pa:k]
No parking on the farm.
[fa:m]
No parking on Mark's large farm.
[ma:k] [la:dʒ]
22
短元音[ʌ]
[ʌ]
书写格式
口腔定位
发音示例
1.舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,舌后部靠前部分稍抬起,口形稍扁
2.唇形放松,开口度比[a:]稍小
23
Words
[ʌ]
ou
cut [kʌt]
rubber ['rʌ-bə]
cousin ['kʌzn]
enough [ɪ'-nʌf]
u
o
come [kʌm]
money ['mʌ-ni]
24
Sentences
The duck is funny.
[dʌk] [ˈfʌ-ni]
The duck is in the sun.
[sʌn]
The duck in the sun is funny wunny. [ˈwʌ-ni]
25
① ②
③ ④
⑤ ⑥
听音辩词
bun
barn
luck
lark
come
calm
rubber
robber
must
master
skull
scar
26
Let’s challenge!
有哪些常见字母或字母组合发/ʌ/的音呢?
[ʌ] 常见字母或组合:u o ou oo
1. lunch
/lʌntʃ/
cup
/kʌp/
2. love
/lʌv/
mother
/ˈmʌðə/
3. trouble
/'trʌb(ə)l/
rough
/rʌf/
4. blood
/blʌd/
flood
/flʌd/
/ɜː/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɑː/
shirt
first
bird
writer
player
brother
bus
card
sun
cousin
park
part
shirt
first
bird
writer
player
brother
bus
card
sun
cousin
park
part
Read the word and place it in the correct phonetic box.
likes loves watches lets reads
walks plays closes gets finds
Mike’s Ella’s Alice’s Kate’s Fred’s
/s/
/z/
/iz/
/ts/
/dz/
Listen and repeat to find out the rules.
2
Look at these highlighted parts, how do they sound?
Observing words, why do they have different pronunciations of's'?
likes loves watches lets reads
walks plays closes gets finds
Mike’s Ella’s Alice’s Kate’s Fred’s
清辅音后发/s/
浊辅音和元音后发/z/
es结尾发/iz/
ts结尾发/ts/
ds结尾发/dz/
Listen and repeat to find out the rules.
2
Listen and repeat. Notice the stressed syllables.
3
(重读音节)
1. ●• funny mother uncle cousin grandpa
2. •● begin about report because idea
/ˈfʌni/
/ˈmʌðə(r)/
/ˈʌŋkl/
/ˈkʌzn/
/ˈɡrænpɑː/
/bɪˈɡɪn/
/əˈbaʊt/
/rɪˈpɔːt/
/bɪˈkɒz/
/aɪˈdɪə/
Tips:英语辅音音素中有 4 个辅音/m/,/n/,/ng/,/l/是响音,它们和辅音音素结合,也可构成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾,一般是非重读音节。
How many syllables(音节) are there in these words?
① ②
① ②
① ②
① ②
① ②
① ②
① ②
① ②
① ②
① ②
Listen and repeat. Notice the stressed syllables.
3
1. ●• funny mother uncle cousin grandpa
2. •● begin about report because idea
/ˈfʌni/
/ˈmʌðə(r)/
/ˈʌŋkl/
/ˈkʌzn/
/ˈɡrænpɑː/
/bɪˈɡɪn/
/əˈbaʊt/
/rɪˈpɔːt/
/bɪˈkɒz/
/aɪˈdɪə/
Word stress:(单词)重音、重读:英语的每个词,至少有一个音节读得特别重而清楚,而其他的音节则轻而含糊。 读得重而清楚的音节,叫做单词重音(其前标注重音符号'),又叫 重读音节 。 读得轻而含糊的音节,叫做非重读音节或轻读音节。
Can you hear the stress(重音) in the words?
(1) 双音节词的重音一般落在第一个音节上。
(2) 少数双音节词的重音在第二个音节上。
girl
hut
idea
begin
doctor
duck
march
summer
Point and say.
Language points
Point 1
1. The definition of Syllable: 音节的定义
是由语言中单个元音音素和辅音音素组合发音的最小语言单位。
eg: cup /kʌp/ boy/ bɔɪ/ bird/bɜːd/ play /pleɪ/
单个的元音音素也可构成一个音节。eg: are/ɑː/ ear/ɪə/ eye/aɪ/
(元音音素是构成音节的主要单位)
练习:判断下列哪些属于一个音节:
/pt/ /eɪ/ /tr/ /pɑː/ /pɑːs/ /erə/
✔
✔
✔
2. The classification of Syllable: 音节的分类
音节
重读音节
非重读音节
闭音节(发短音)
开音节(发字母本身音)
以辅音结尾,r除外:cat/ map
绝对开音节:元音字母后无辅音字母: go/ no
相对开音节:元音+辅音+e: note/hide
3. The classification of Syllable: 音节的划分
音节
单音节
双音节✮
由 一个音节构成的单词。
ball /bɔ:/
由两个音节构成的单词。
basket /'bɑːskɪt/
由三个或三个以上音节构成的单词。
basketball /'bɑːskɪtbɔ:/
多音节(后面学习)
Exercises
一、单项选择
D
A
C
C
B
( B )1. A. classmate B. today C. brother
( A )2. A. subject B. before C. away
( C )3. A. again B. together C. daily
( A )4. A. photo B. because C. important
B
A
C
A
一、找出下列选项中重读音节与其他不同的一项。
本课句型
Summary
我都 学会了!
1. The pronunciation of Kate’s and likes.
清清 浊浊 元浊
2. the sounds of /ɜː/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɑː/.
3. stressed syllables---- the key to read a word correctly.
Basic (必做)
1.抄写本课学习到的的单词(每个4遍)。
Improving(选做)
2.回家调查家人最喜爱的所属物品并用“It’s/They are+家庭成员+’s+物品”造句。
Extend (选做)
3课后向朋友展示照片,并介绍自己家人的所属物品和活动。
Homework
Thank you !
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