精品解析：安徽省马鞍山市第二中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中素质测试英语试题

马鞍山市第二中学2021-2022学年度第二学期期中素质测试 高二年级 英语试题 第Ⅰ卷(选择题) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the woman get to the railway station? A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 2. What does the woman think of her new job? A. Tough. B. Exciting. C. Well-paid. 3. What did the woman do yesterday? A. She played football. B. She watched a game. C. She worked in the lab. 4. What is the woman? A. A teacher. B. A shop assistant. C. An interpreter. 5. What payment method is most widely accepted? A. Bank cards. B. Credit cards. C. WeChat pay. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话成独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At the baker’s. B. At a supermarket. C. At home. 7. What will the man do next? A. Buy some bread. B. Get a salad bowl. C. Do some cleaning. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Seller and buyer. B. Host and stayer. C. Owner and renter. 9. Which part of the house is the most special? A. The living room. B. The fireplace. C. The kitchen. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the woman come here? A. To join the poem club. B. To find new group members. C. To help the man with his courses. 11. What do we know about the man? A. He is interested in acting. B. He hasn’t seen Susan for long. C. He spends much time in the poem club. 12. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Train once a week. B. Take fewer courses next term. C. Come to see their practice. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the school make the change? A. To update the food machines. B. To promote a healthy diet. C. To make more profits. 14. What is the man concerned about? A. Limited food choices. B. Unrecyclable garbage. C. Environmental damage. 15. What does the woman advise the man to do in the end? A. Eat in the school canteen. B. Bring packed lunch from home. C. Drink water instead of sweet drinks. 16 What is the woman’s attitude to the school’s decision? A. Uncertain. B. Disapproving. C. Understanding. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the man doing? A. Giving a lecture. B. Hosting a meeting. C. Making an announcement. 18. What does the new study find about the output of greenhouse gases? A. It grows faster than expected. B. It goes completely beyond control. C. It is below the preindustrial levels. 19. In which year did greenhouse gas output decline? A. In 2015. B. In 2019. C. In 2020. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Global warming caused by greenhouse gases. B. The urgent need of reducing greenhouse gases. C. The disasters resulting from greenhouse gases. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A These days, more and more people go to the gym to work out. But with so many gyms out there, how do you know which one is the right one for you? We find some information about the best gyms in New York City so you can have a better idea of what each gym offers. Planet Fitness Initiation Fees (入会费):Regular membership,$5:Black Card membership,no initiation fee. Membership Costs: Regular membership is $ 10 a month and includes free fitness training and free wifi. Black Card membership is $ 22. 99 a month and includes access to all Planet Fitness locations, free fitness training, free wifi, half-priced cooler drinks and worldwide travel deals. Additional Fees: $ 39 membership fee a year. Locations: Locations in all five boroughs (区). Classes: None. New York Sports Club Initiation Fees: Neighborhood membership, $ 49, 99: Passport membership, $ 49, 99, Membership Casts: Neighborhood membership, $ 44, 99 a month: Passport membership,$ 99.99 a month. Additional Fees: Neighborhood membership, $ 49, 99 a year: Passport membership, $49, 99a year. Locations: Locations in all five boroughs. Classes: Studio classes, athletic conditioning, boxing, kickboxing and yoga. 24 Hour Fitness Initiation Fees: $0 on select memberships. Membership Costs: $ 79. 99 for Ultra Sport. Locations: Midtown and Madison Square Park. Classes: Studio classes, free weights, group cycling and personal training. Chelsea Piers Initiation Fees: Call to request Membership Costs: For a specific gym, varies (变化) by location. Locations: Chelsea and Brooklyn. Classes: Strength and conditioning, cycling and yoga. 1. How much must a regular member of Planet Fitness pay for the initiation fee? A. $5. B. $10. C. $22.99. D. $ 39. 2. What can you do in 24 Hour Fitness? A. Yoga. B. Free weights. C. Boxing. D. Kickboxing. 3 What is special about Chelsea Piers? A. It has no initiation fee. B. Its gyms can be found in all five boroughs. C. Its membership costs depend on its location. D. Its black card members can enjoy half-priced drinks. B Recently I paid a visit to Harvard University, where there are top class scientists and professors and the best academic system in the world. I was pretty shocked when I first stepped into the campus. Well, it’s not even really a campus. It’s more like a district in a small town. Harvard’s main buildings are from the 18th century. They look very old and simple. You might even say they’re a little shabby. They don’t fit the modern idea of the university at all. The buildings are surrounded by grass and trees, so I felt as if I had walked into an ancient castle. But when I looked across the street, busy shops and in-fashion students made me feel like I was in the 21st century again. It creates a strong contrast and brings a special atmosphere to the school. Our tour guide Gary took us around and told us, “You see this grass field in the center of the school? Here is where they host their graduation ceremony. They just set up tents and benches and have a very simple ceremony.” Unbelievable! Who would think the most talented students just graduate on the lawn? I saw some students put a blanket on the grass and lie down to read a book. When I listened to the soft sound of pages turning along with singing of the birds, I felt very calm. There was no competitive feeling at all. Harvard has the world’s first computer in its science center and there are hundreds of high-end computers, too. Its religion and the literature departments are also among the best. It is the perfect mix of tradition and new technology. It makes Harvard a very attractive place to study in. I hope one day I’ll attend my dream school — Harvard. 4. What is this article mainly about? A. The author’s campus life in Harvard. B. The academic system in Harvard. C. Harvard’s old buildings. D. The author’s impression of Harvard. 5. Why did the author feel pretty shocked when she first stepped into Harvard? A. Harvard students didn’t take their graduation ceremony seriously. B. The classes were held on beautiful lawns in Harvard. C. Harvard mixed tradition and new technology perfectly. D. Harvard has top class scientists and professors. 6. What can we know from the article? A. All Harvard buildings date back to the 18th century. B. Graduation ceremonies are simple at Harvard. C. There are no competitions at Harvard University. D. Harvard campus is actually a district of a big city. 7. According to the article, in which fields is Harvard top in the world? A. Literature, arts, and law. B. Religion, law and arts. C. Literature, arts and computer science. D. Religion, computer and literature. C Small talk has a reputation for being uninteresting, and for good reason. Pointing out the fact that it’s raining seems as ridiculous as pointing out the fact that you have a head — you’re fully aware of both things, and don’t require an outsider to confirm them. But despite being evident and often painfully dull, small talk has an important role to fulfill, enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction. Humans can be sensitive souls. We each have our boundaries and lists of potential upsets, which when broken, cause us to either gently back away to an alternative position in the room, or become annoyed at the person. Small talk is first a way to test the waters with an unfamiliar person, so that you may better understand their personality. When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who you know little about, it’s much safer to point out the rainy sky than to share your political views on a sensitive topic. Until you know the person better, heavier topics should probably be kept under wraps, so you won’t find yourself on the receiving end of a cold stare. Though insignificant, small talk still has great power. When talking with fellow humans, much of our soul is exposed through non-verbal communication. A response to “how was your weekend” can uncover much about the person’s character. The length of their response might indicate their level of self-confidence; the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is; their slightly lowered head, as if protecting themselves from attack, is a possible sign of a regrettable history of bullying. As more of a person’s character is revealed, we have the insight needed to determine whether to put forward more significant topics — the things that we actually want to talk about. Conversation is a great educator, and deep conversations establish lasting bonds with our fellow humans, forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vivid colors. Such friendships begin with small talk. 8. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A. The first stage of human interaction. B. Ridiculous human behavior in communication. C. Absence of communication between strangers. D. The difficulty of having deep conversations. 9. Why do people find themselves “on the receiving end of a cold stare”? A. Because they talk to an unfamiliar person. B. Because they are enthusiastic about politics. C. Because they are too sensitive about boundaries. D. Because they fail to manage interpersonal distance. 10. What might be a sign of friendliness according to Paragraph 3? A. The length of the answer. B. The quality of the voice. C. The position of the head. D. The distance between speakers. 11. What might be the best title for the text? A. Sensitive Human Souls B. Ways of Understanding Personality C. Significance of Small Talk D. Challenging Deep Conversations D Pubs and other public places should rethink fitting washrooms with high-speed electric hand dryers because paper towels do a better job of containing germs when people do not wash their hands properly, researchers say. A study found that the dryers left more contamination (污染) on poorly washed hands when compared with old-fashioned paper towels. They also caused virus particles to be blown on to clothing and people who used them left a trail of microbes (微生物) when they touched surfaces. The findings are relevant, the authors of the study said, because even healthcare workers often take shortcuts when washing their hands. A previous survey found that only 40 percent stuck to recommended hand-washing practices. The study involved an experiment where volunteers dipped their hands in a liquid containing a harmless virus and dried them using either an air dryer or paper towels. The participants also wore aprons to measure how contamination had spread to their clothing. They were then asked to walk through a hospital while touching surfaces such as lift buttons. Samples were collected from surfaces that volunteers had touched and from the aprons. On average, the levels of contamination to surfaces volunteers touched were ten times higher after hands were dried with an air dryer than with paper towels. Researchers also saw greater transfer of microbes to the apron when volunteers used the air dryer. “The study was performed in a healthcare setting and has important lessons for health institutions that still have high-speed air dryers, but the results are also relevant for public restrooms,”Dr Ines Moura, a research fellow at the University of Leeds and an author of the study, said. “Based on the contamination observed, we question the choice of air dryers.” The study was published in the journal Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 12. What findings does the study get? A. Paper towels can better help reduce contamination. B. Restrooms should be equipped with more paper towels. C. Paper towels cause virus particles to get on to clothing. D. Hand dryers did a better job when it comes to containing virus. 13. Why do the researchers think the findings significant? A. Because people prefer using hand dryers nowadays. B. Because people like dipping their hands into the water. C. Because people touch surfaces such as lift buttons a lot. D Because people don't wash their hands thoroughly enough. 14. Where is the study most probably conducted? A. In a pub. B. In a lift. C. In a hospital. D. In a laboratory. 15. What is the purpose of this text? A. To advocate the authority to ban the use of hand dryers. B. To arouse people's attention to the problem of hand dryers. C. To call on people to wash their hands as recommended. D. To warn people not to use hand dryers in public places. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s certain that we’re all getting older. And while the older among us may be no spring chickens any more, growing old gracefully is no bad thing.____16____However, as the world population ages, will there be enough people to replace our younger selves? A situation where there are more old people than young certainly has an effect on the world. A report by the Pew Research Center says that globally the number of people over 65 years old will triple by 2050, drastically altering some countries’ demographic (人口的) make-up.____17____Governments will struggle to provide satisfactory pensions, which are ultimately funded by taxes paid by the working population. And long-term, a smaller population of economically-active people may be a problem for companies trying to recruit staff. ____18____The Pew Research Center survey found that 87% of Japanese people were most concerned about it, while only 26% of people from the USA were. Some countries thought the elderly should take care of themselves, while others thought it was the responsibility of the family.____19____ But old age shouldn’t just be seen negatively. Elderly people have knowledge and experience to pass on. Some have wealth which they can spend, helping the economy. And some do voluntary or charity work.____20____And these include increasing the retirement age, encouraging people to save for the future, or even convincing people to have more children. A. And with age comes wisdom. B. Of course, solutions are needed to tackle the issue. C. The aging population can be potential new customers D. Many thought the government should be responsible. E. Attitudes to an aging population vary around the world. F. It also predicts that the world population will decline in the next century. G. This aging population means an increased demand for health and social care. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下而短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Back in 1989, I was in Philadelphia, PA. I was working at a residential care center for boys with developmental ____21____. At that time, a garbage truck was actually an unheard of or even ____22____ toy. One of our boys, who had no involved ____23____ and stayed at this center even for holidays, was ____24____ attracted by the garbage truck that ____25____ our center. And, as it would happen, a toy garbage truck was the one and only item on his Christmas ____26____ When several young workers from Toys for lots Foundation visited and ____27____ toys to our kids, our staff asked if they might possibly have a toy garbage truck for this boy and, as we expected, they did not. What we did not ____28____ was that one of these workers would make an ____29____ visit to our center on Christmas Eve and that he would bring with him a toy garbage truck for our ____30____ . It turned out that after the workers had left, they sent ____31____ out to other charity organizations to go on a wide ____32____ for a toy garbage truck and one was finally ____33____ at a store in Delaware. Of course, this was at a time before the ____34____ and cell phones, so this coordinated search took a lot of time and ____35____ . After all these many years my eyes still ____36____ tears as I think about this incredible act of kindness for a boy with ____37____ needs whom they did not ____38____. I wish I knew the ____39____ of the young worker who dropped off the toy truck so that he could be publicly ____40____ but, of course, he politely chose not to tell us. 21. A. signs B. backgrounds C. gifts D. disabilities 22. A. limited B. traded C. desired D. imported 23. A. interest B. family C. fortune D. community 24. A. slightly B. secretly C. absolutely D. eventually 25. A. served B. crowded C. loaded D. connected 26. A. dinner table B. pine tree C. wish list D. wrapping paper 27. A. chose B. examined C. designed D. distributed 28. A. approve B. expect C. achieve D. discuss 29. A. unnoticed B. unrelated C. unprepared D. unannounced 30. A. boy B. teacher C. friend D. doctor 31. A. food B. word C. medicine D. supply 32. A. search B. discovery C. collection D. check 33. A. produced B. located C. informed D. recognized 34. A. clocks B. radios C. Internet D. subway 35. A. effort B. money C. space D. labor 36. A. break out B. cheer up C. figure out D. fill with 37. A. daily B. urgent C. special D. temporary 38. A. meet B. know C. care D. remember 39. A. name B. address C. purpose D. career 40. A. treated B. appointed C. mentioned D. acknowledged 第Ⅱ卷(选择题) 第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 41. Cleaning houses before the Spring Festival is an old Chinese custom __________ (date) back thousands of years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42. The report urged that further investigation into the accident __________ (conduct). (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. I’m tired out. I __________ (shop) all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. This question __________ (discuss) from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. So far, every possible means ___(try) to solve the problem.  （所给词的适当形式填空） 46. I really don’t know whether ________(accept) her offer or not. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Simon was sitting on the sofa, his arms __________ (fold) across his chest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Our personal genome contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of c__________ (感染) certain diseases. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. One of the essential aims of Al is to develop computer intelligence c__________ (有能力的) of learning from experience. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. Genome editing can serve __________ a new weapon in the fight against diseases. (用适当的词填空) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 With the development of the Internet, we have a new place which we can enjoy ourselves, finding information and communicate with others. Some people think the Internet will take place of the traditional library in the future. Sure enough, the Internet brings great convenient to our life. It is much easy to find a book we need with the search engine than ago. In my opinion, libraries create a better atmosphere for studying. With all the students aborbing in their studies, I concentrate on my book. Beside, reading books give me a different taste and a better experience. So I would rather to use libraries more frequently. 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 52. 假定你是李华，你所在的山西国际学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致意奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。 1. 表达谢意； 2. 个人感受； 3. 表达信心。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。 参考词汇：流行病epidemic 疫情epidemic situation 新型冠状病毒novel coronavirus Dear Medical workers, I am Li Hua, a high middle school student in Shanxi. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5 CACBB 6-10 CCABB 11-15 ACBAB 16-20CAACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 马鞍山市第二中学2021-2022学年度第二学期期中素质测试 高二年级 英语试题 第Ⅰ卷(选择题) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the woman get to the railway station? A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 2. What does the woman think of her new job? A. Tough. B. Exciting. C. Well-paid. 3. What did the woman do yesterday? A. She played football. B. She watched a game. C. She worked in the lab. 4. What is the woman? A. A teacher. B. A shop assistant. C. An interpreter. 5. What payment method is most widely accepted? A. Bank cards. B. Credit cards. C. WeChat pay. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话成独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At the baker’s. B. At a supermarket. C. At home. 7. What will the man do next? A. Buy some bread. B. Get a salad bowl. C. Do some cleaning. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Seller and buyer. B. Host and stayer. C. Owner and renter. 9. Which part of the house is the most special? A. The living room. B. The fireplace. C. The kitchen. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the woman come here? A. To join the poem club. B. To find new group members. C. To help the man with his courses. 11. What do we know about the man? A. He is interested in acting. B. He hasn’t seen Susan for long. C. He spends much time in the poem club. 12. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Train once a week. B. Take fewer courses next term. C. Come to see their practice. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the school make the change? A. To update the food machines. B. To promote a healthy diet. C. To make more profits. 14. What is the man concerned about? A. Limited food choices. B. Unrecyclable garbage. C. Environmental damage. 15. What does the woman advise the man to do in the end? A. Eat in the school canteen. B. Bring packed lunch from home. C. Drink water instead of sweet drinks. 16. What is the woman’s attitude to the school’s decision? A. Uncertain. B. Disapproving. C. Understanding. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the man doing? A. Giving a lecture. B. Hosting a meeting. C. Making an announcement. 18. What does the new study find about the output of greenhouse gases? A. It grows faster than expected. B. It goes completely beyond control. C. It is below the preindustrial levels. 19. In which year did greenhouse gas output decline? A. In 2015. B. In 2019. C. In 2020. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Global warming caused by greenhouse gases. B. The urgent need of reducing greenhouse gases. C. The disasters resulting from greenhouse gases. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A These days, more and more people go to the gym to work out. But with so many gyms out there, how do you know which one is the right one for you? We find some information about the best gyms in New York City so you can have a better idea of what each gym offers. Planet Fitness Initiation Fees (入会费):Regular membership,$5:Black Card membership,no initiation fee. Membership Costs: Regular membership is $ 10 a month and includes free fitness training and free wifi. Black Card membership is $ 22. 99 a month and includes access to all Planet Fitness locations, free fitness training, free wifi, half-priced cooler drinks and worldwide travel deals. Additional Fees: $ 39 membership fee a year. Locations: Locations in all five boroughs (区). Classes: None. New York Sports Club Initiation Fees: Neighborhood membership, $ 49, 99: Passport membership, $ 49, 99, Membership Casts: Neighborhood membership, $ 44, 99 a month: Passport membership,$ 99.99 a month. Additional Fees: Neighborhood membership, $ 49, 99 a year: Passport membership, $49, 99a year. Locations: Locations in all five boroughs. Classes: Studio classes athletic conditioning, boxing, kickboxing and yoga. 24 Hour Fitness Initiation Fees: $0 on select memberships. Membership Costs: $ 79. 99 for Ultra Sport. Locations: Midtown and Madison Square Park Classes: Studio classes, free weights, group cycling and personal training. Chelsea Piers Initiation Fees: Call to request. Membership Costs: For a specific gym, varies (变化) by location. Locations: Chelsea and Brooklyn. Classes: Strength and conditioning, cycling and yoga. 1 How much must a regular member of Planet Fitness pay for the initiation fee? A. $5. B. $10. C. $22.99. D. $ 39. 2. What can you do in 24 Hour Fitness? A. Yoga. B. Free weights. C. Boxing. D. Kickboxing. 3. What is special about Chelsea Piers? A. It has no initiation fee. B. Its gyms can be found in all five boroughs. C. Its membership costs depend on its location. D. Its black card members can enjoy half-priced drinks. 【答案】1 A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主介绍了纽约市四家最好的健身房的信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Planet Fitness部分的“Initiation Fees (入会费): Regular membership(会员资格)，$5(入会费:正式会员，5美元)”可知，Planet Fitness的固定会员支付入会费5美元，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据24 Hour Fitness部分的“Classes: Studio classes, free weights, group cycling and personal training.(课程：工作室课程，自由调节重量，团体自行车和个人训练。)”可知，24 Hour Fitness中有Free weights课程，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Chelsea Piers部分的“Membership Costs: For a specific gym, varies (变化)by location.(会员费：对于特定的健身房，因地点不同而不同。)”可知，Chelsea Piers的特别之处在于会员费用取决于它的地点，故选C。 B Recently I paid a visit to Harvard University, where there are top class scientists and professors and the best academic system in the world. I was pretty shocked when I first stepped into the campus. Well, it’s not even really a campus. It’s more like a district in a small town. Harvard’s main buildings are from the 18th century. They look very old and simple. You might even say they’re a little shabby. They don’t fit the modern idea of the university at all. The buildings are surrounded by grass and trees, so I felt as if I had walked into an ancient castle. But when I looked across the street, busy shops and in-fashion students made me feel like I was in the 21st century again. It creates a strong contrast and brings a special atmosphere to the school. Our tour guide Gary took us around and told us, “You see this grass field in the center of the school? Here is where they host their graduation ceremony. They just set up tents and benches and have a very simple ceremony.” Unbelievable! Who would think the most talented students just graduate on the lawn? I saw some students put a blanket on the grass and lie down to read a book. When I listened to the soft sound of pages turning, along with singing of the birds, I felt very calm. There was no competitive feeling at all. Harvard has the world’s first computer in its science center and there are hundreds of high-end computers, too. Its religion and the literature departments are also among the best. It is the perfect mix of tradition and new technology. It makes Harvard a very attractive place to study in. I hope one day I’ll attend my dream school — Harvard. 4. What is this article mainly about? A. The author’s campus life in Harvard. B. The academic system in Harvard. C. Harvard’s old buildings. D. The author’s impression of Harvard. 5. Why did the author feel pretty shocked when she first stepped into Harvard? A. Harvard students didn’t take their graduation ceremony seriously. B. The classes were held on beautiful lawns in Harvard. C. Harvard mixed tradition and new technology perfectly. D. Harvard has top class scientists and professors. 6. What can we know from the article? A. All Harvard buildings date back to the 18th century. B. Graduation ceremonies are simple at Harvard. C. There are no competitions at Harvard University. D. Harvard campus is actually a district of a big city. 7. According to the article, in which fields is Harvard top in the world? A. Literature, arts, and law. B. Religion, law and arts. C. Literature, arts and computer science. D. Religion, computer and literature. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者参观哈佛大学，感受哈佛大学里的学习氛围和建筑特色，哈佛大学是一个非常有吸引力的学习场所，作者希望有一天能去梦想中的大学——哈佛。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently I paid a visit to Harvard University, where there are top class scientists and professors and the best academic system in the world.(最近我去了一趟哈佛大学，在那里世界上有一流的科学家和教授，还有世界上最好的学术体系)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者对哈佛大学的印象。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I was pretty shocked when I first stepped into the campus. Well, it’s not even really a campus. It’s more like a district in a small town. Harvard’s main buildings are from the 18th century.(当我第一次走进校园时，我非常震惊。嗯，它甚至不是真正的校园。它更像是一个小镇上的一个地区。哈佛大学的主要建筑建于18世纪)”及“But when I looked across the street, busy shops and in-fashion students made me feel like I was in the 21st century again. It creates a strong contrast and brings a special atmosphere to the school.(但当我看向街对面时，繁忙的商店和时尚专业的学生让我觉得自己又回到了21世纪。它形成了强烈的对比，为学校带来了特殊的氛围)”可知，哈佛是一所混合了传统和现代科技的大学，第一次踏入哈佛时，作者为哈佛大学的这种特色而感到震惊。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Here is where they host their graduation ceremony. They just set up tents and benches and have a very simple ceremony.(这里是他们举行毕业典礼的地方。他们只是搭起帐篷和长凳，举行一个非常简单的仪式)”可知，哈佛学生会在草坪上毕业，由此可知，哈佛学生的毕业典礼很简单。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Harvard has the world’s first computer in its science center and there are hundreds of high-end computers, too. Its religion and the literature departments are also among the best.(哈佛的科学中心拥有世界上第一台计算机，还有数百台高端计算机。它的宗教和文学系也是最好的)”可知，哈佛大学在世界上宗教、计算机科学和文学领域名列前茅。故选D。 C Small talk has a reputation for being uninteresting, and for good reason. Pointing out the fact that it’s raining seems as ridiculous as pointing out the fact that you have a head — you’re fully aware of both things, and don’t require an outsider to confirm them. But despite being evident and often painfully dull, small talk has an important role to fulfill, enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction. Humans can be sensitive souls. We each have our boundaries and lists of potential upsets, which when broken, cause us to either gently back away to an alternative position in the room, or become annoyed at the person. Small talk is first a way to test the waters with an unfamiliar person, so that you may better understand their personality. When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who you know little about, it’s much safer to point out the rainy sky than to share your political views on a sensitive topic. Until you know the person better, heavier topics should probably be kept under wraps, so you won’t find yourself on the receiving end of a cold stare. Though insignificant, small talk still has great power. When talking with fellow humans, much of our soul is exposed through non-verbal communication. A response to “how was your weekend” can uncover much about the person’s character. The length of their response might indicate their level of self-confidence; the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is; their slightly lowered head, as if protecting themselves from attack, is a possible sign of a regrettable history of bullying. As more of a person’s character is revealed, we have the insight needed to determine whether to put forward more significant topics — the things that we actually want to talk about. Conversation is a great educator, and deep conversations establish lasting bonds with our fellow humans, forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vivid colors. Such friendships begin with small talk. 8. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A. The first stage of human interaction. B. Ridiculous human behavior in communication. C. Absence of communication between strangers. D. The difficulty of having deep conversations. 9. Why do people find themselves “on the receiving end of a cold stare”? A. Because they talk to an unfamiliar person. B. Because they are enthusiastic about politics. C. Because they are too sensitive about boundaries. D. Because they fail to manage interpersonal distance. 10. What might be a sign of friendliness according to Paragraph 3? A. The length of the answer. B. The quality of the voice. C. The position of the head. D. The distance between speakers. 11. What might be the best title for the text? A. Sensitive Human Souls B. Ways of Understanding Personality C. Significance of Small Talk D. Challenging Deep Conversations 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了闲聊是人类交往互动的第一步，能够使人类跨越许多社交障碍，深入的交谈能使我们与其他人建立持久的联系，形成宝贵的友谊，使我们的生活充满活力，友谊从闲聊开始，着重描述了闲聊的意义。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But despite being evident and often painfully dull, small talk has an important role to fulfil, enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction.”(不过，尽管闲聊往往明显枯燥得令人痛苦，但它仍能发挥重要作用，使我们能够跨越许多社会障碍，改善有意义的互动。)可知，闲聊是跨越许多社会障碍，改善互动的方式，由此可知，第一段讲述的是：闲聊是人类互动的第一步，选项A与文意相符，故选A项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who you know little about, it’s much safer to point out the rainy sky than to share your political views on a sensitive topic. Until you know the person better, heavier topics should probably be kept under wraps, so you won’t find yourself on the receiving end of a cold stare.”(当你发现自己靠近一个你不太了解的人时，聊天气情况要比就一个敏感话题发表你的政治观点安全得多。在你更好地了解对方之前，较严肃的话题应该保密，这样你才不会被冷眼瞪着。)可知，如果闲聊的话题没有控制住敏感度是不 “安全的”。由此推知，如果闲聊不能控制好话题的“人际距离”将会被冷眼相待，选项D与文意相符，故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A response to “how was your weekend” can unveil much about the person’s character. The length of their response might indicate their level of self-confidence; the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is;”(对“周末过得怎么样”的回答可以揭示出这个人的很多性格特征。他们回答的长度可能表明了他们的自信程度;说话的语气可以显示出一个人是多么和蔼可亲；)可知体现一个人友好、和蔼的标志是说话的语气。选项B与文意相符，故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But despite being evident and often painfully dull, small talk has an important role to fulfil, enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction.”(不过，尽管闲聊往往明显枯燥得令人痛苦，但它仍能发挥重要作用，使我们能够跨越许多社会障碍，改善有意义的互动。)和结合最后一段 “Conversation is a great educator, and deep conversation establish lasting bonds with our fellow humans, forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vibrant colors. Such friendships begin with small talk. ”(交谈是伟大的教育家，深入的交谈能与我们的同胞建立持久的联系，形成宝贵的友谊，使我们的生活充满活力。这样的友谊从闲聊开始。)可知，文章主要在说明闲聊的重要性，所以C项 “闲聊的意义”适合作文章的标题，选项C与文意相符，故选C项。 D Pubs and other public places should rethink fitting washrooms with high-speed electric hand dryers because paper towels do a better job of containing germs when people do not wash their hands properly, researchers say. A study found that the dryers left more contamination (污染) on poorly washed hands when compared with old-fashioned paper towels. They also caused virus particles to be blown on to clothing and people who used them left a trail of microbes (微生物) when they touched surfaces. The findings are relevant, the authors of the study said, because even healthcare workers often take shortcuts when washing their hands. A previous survey found that only 40 percent stuck to recommended hand-washing practices. The study involved an experiment where volunteers dipped their hands in a liquid containing a harmless virus and dried them using either an air dryer or paper towels. The participants also wore aprons to measure how contamination had spread to their clothing. They were then asked to walk through a hospital while touching surfaces such as lift buttons. Samples were collected from surfaces that volunteers had touched and from the aprons. On average, the levels of contamination to surfaces volunteers touched were ten times higher after hands were dried with an air dryer than with paper towels. Researchers also saw greater transfer of microbes to the apron when volunteers used the air dryer. “The study was performed in a healthcare setting and has important lessons for health institutions that still have high-speed air dryers, but the results are also relevant for public restrooms,”Dr Ines Moura, a research fellow at the University of Leeds and an author of the study, said. “Based on the contamination observed, we question the choice of air dryers.” The study was published in the journal Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 12. What findings does the study get? A. Paper towels can better help reduce contamination. B. Restrooms should be equipped with more paper towels. C. Paper towels cause virus particles to get on to clothing. D. Hand dryers did a better job when it comes to containing virus. 13. Why do the researchers think the findings significant? A. Because people prefer using hand dryers nowadays. B. Because people like dipping their hands into the water. C. Because people touch surfaces such as lift buttons a lot. D. Because people don't wash their hands thoroughly enough. 14. Where is the study most probably conducted? A. In a pub. B. In a lift. C. In a hospital. D. In a laboratory. 15. What is the purpose of this text? A. To advocate the authority to ban the use of hand dryers. B. To arouse people's attention to the problem of hand dryers. C. To call on people to wash their hands as recommended. D. To warn people not to use hand dryers in public places. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是一个研究小组对医院洗手间的烘干机清洁效果进行实验，发现受试者如果洗手不彻底的话，烘干机的效果实际上还不如纸巾。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。从第一段中“A study found that the dryers left more contamination （污染）on poorly washed hands when compared with old-fashioned paper towels.(一项研究发现，与传统的纸巾相比，烘手机会在没洗好的手上留下更多的污染。)”可知，纸巾能更好地减少污染。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。从第二段中“The findings are relevant, the authors of the study said, because even healthcare workers often take shortcuts when washing their hands.(这项研究的作者说，这些发现是相关的，因为即使是医护人员在洗手时也会走捷径。)”可知，研究人员认为这一发现意义重大是因为人们洗手不够彻底。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。从第三段中“The study was performed in a healthcare setting and has important lessons for health institutions that still have high-speed air dryers, but the results are also relevant for public restrooms(这项研究是在医疗保健环境中进行的，对仍然使用高速空气干燥机的医疗机构有重要的借鉴意义，但研究结果也适用于公共厕所)”可知，这项研究最有可能在医院进行的，故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Pubs and other public places should rethink fitting washrooms with high-speed electric hand dryers because paper towels do a better job of containing germs when people do not wash their hands properly, researchers say.(研究人员称，酒吧和其他公共场所应该重新考虑在洗手间安装高速电动干手机，因为当人们不正确洗手时，纸巾能更好地控制细菌。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一个研究小组对医院洗手间的烘干机清洁效果进行实验，发现受试者如果洗手不彻底的话，烘干机的效果实际上还不如纸巾，因此本文的目的是引起人们对干手器问题的关注。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s certain that we’re all getting older. And while the older among us may be no spring chickens any more, growing old gracefully is no bad thing.____16____However, as the world population ages, will there be enough people to replace our younger selves? A situation where there are more old people than young certainly has an effect on the world. A report by the Pew Research Center says that globally the number of people over 65 years old will triple by 2050, drastically altering some countries’ demographic (人口的) make-up.____17____Governments will struggle to provide satisfactory pensions, which are ultimately funded by taxes paid by the working population. And long-term, a smaller population of economically-active people may be a problem for companies trying to recruit staff. ____18____The Pew Research Center survey found that 87% of Japanese people were most concerned about it, while only 26% of people from the USA were. Some countries thought the elderly should take care of themselves, while others thought it was the responsibility of the family.____19____ But old age shouldn’t just be seen negatively. Elderly people have knowledge and experience to pass on. Some have wealth which they can spend, helping the economy. And some do voluntary or charity work.____20____And these include increasing the retirement age, encouraging people to save for the future, or even convincing people to have more children. A. And with age comes wisdom. B. Of course, solutions are needed to tackle the issue. C. The aging population can be potential new customers D. Many thought the government should be responsible. E. Attitudes to an aging population vary around the world. F. It also predicts that the world population will decline in the next century. G. This aging population means an increased demand for health and social care. 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人口老龄化问题的现状、社会各界对这个问题的态度以及相关的解决方案。 【16题详解】 根据下文“However, as the world population ages, will there be enough people to replace our younger selves?(然而，随着世界人口老龄化，会有足够的人来取代年轻的自己吗？)”可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，说明人们年龄增长的好处。A项：And with age comes wisdom.(智慧随着年龄的增长而增长)符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据上文“A report by the Pew Research Center says that globally the number of people over 65 years old will triple by 2050, drastically altering some countries’ demographic (人口的) make-up.(皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)的一份报告称，到2050年，全球65岁以上的人口数量将增加两倍，这将极大地改变一些国家的人口构成)”和下文“Governments will struggle to provide satisfactory pensions, which are ultimately funded by taxes paid by the working population. (政府将努力提供令人满意的养老金，这最终是由工作人口支付的税收)”可知，空处承上启下，说明老年人口增长给社会带来的影响。G项中的“This aging population”和上文“the number of people over 65 years old will triple”对应。G项：This aging population means an increased demand for health and social care.(人口老龄化意味着对保健和社会照顾的需求增加)符合语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 空处为段落主题句。根据下文“The Pew Research Center survey found that 87% of Japanese people were most concerned about it, while only 26% of people from the USA were. Some countries thought the elderly should take care of themselves, while others thought it was the responsibility of the family.(皮尤研究中心的调查发现，87%的日本人最关心它，而只有26%的人来自美国。一些国家认为老年人应该照顾自己，而另一些国家则认为这是家庭的责任)”可知，本段主要讲述世界各地对人口老龄化的不同态度。E项：Attitudes to an aging population vary around the world.(世界各地对人口老龄化的态度各不相同)符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Some countries thought the elderly should take care of themselves, while others thought it was the responsibility of the family.(一些国家认为老年人应该照顾自己，而另一些国家则认为这是家庭的责任)”可知，空处承接上文，说明谁应该为这些老年人负责。D项中的“be responsible”和上文“the responsibility”对应。D项：Many thought the government should be responsible.(很多人认为政府应该负责)符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据下文“And these include increasing the retirement age, encouraging people to save for the future, or even convincing people to have more children.(这些包括提高退休年龄，鼓励人们为未来储蓄，甚至说服人们多生孩子)”可知，空处提出需要寻求解决方案。B项：Of course, solutions are needed to tackle the issue.(当然，解决这个问题需要处理方案)符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下而短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Back in 1989, I was in Philadelphia, PA. I was working at a residential care center for boys with developmental ____21____. At that time, a garbage truck was actually an unheard of or even ____22____ toy. One of our boys, who had no involved ____23____ and stayed at this center even for holidays, was ____24____ attracted by the garbage truck that ____25____ our center. And, as it would happen, a toy garbage truck was the one and only item on his Christmas ____26____ When several young workers from Toys for lots Foundation visited and ____27____ toys to our kids, our staff asked if they might possibly have a toy garbage truck for this boy and, as we expected, they did not. What we did not ____28____ was that one of these workers would make an ____29____ visit to our center on Christmas Eve and that he would bring with him a toy garbage truck for our ____30____ . It turned out that after the workers had left, they sent ____31____ out to other charity organizations to go on a wide ____32____ for a toy garbage truck and one was finally ____33____ at a store in Delaware. Of course, this was at a time before the ____34____ and cell phones, so this coordinated search took a lot of time and ____35____ . After all these many years my eyes still ____36____ tears as I think about this incredible act of kindness for a boy with ____37____ needs whom they did not ____38____. I wish I knew the ____39____ of the young worker who dropped off the toy truck so that he could be publicly ____40____ but, of course, he politely chose not to tell us. 21. A. signs B. backgrounds C. gifts D. disabilities 22. A. limited B. traded C. desired D. imported 23. A. interest B. family C. fortune D. community 24. A. slightly B. secretly C. absolutely D. eventually 25. A. served B. crowded C. loaded D. connected 26. A. dinner table B. pine tree C. wish list D. wrapping paper 27. A. chose B. examined C. designed D. distributed 28. A. approve B. expect C. achieve D. discuss 29. A. unnoticed B. unrelated C. unprepared D. unannounced 30. A. boy B. teacher C. friend D. doctor 31. A. food B. word C. medicine D. supply 32. A. search B. discovery C. collection D. check 33. A. produced B. located C. informed D. recognized 34. A. clocks B. radios C. Internet D. subway 35. A. effort B. money C. space D. labor 36. A. break out B. cheer up C. figure out D. fill with 37. A. daily B. urgent C. special D. temporary 38. A. meet B. know C. care D. remember 39. A. name B. address C. purpose D. career 40. A. treated B. appointed C. mentioned D. acknowledged 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了玩具基金会通过多方协作，最终为一名有发育障碍的男孩找来他想要的垃圾玩具车的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我当时在一家为有发育障碍的男孩服务的寄宿护理中心工作。A. signs标志；B. backgrounds背景；C. gifts礼物；D. disabilities残疾。结合上文“a residential care center for boys with developmental”可知，在这个护理中心收留的都是一些身体发育有“残疾”的孩子。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那个时候，垃圾车玩具实际上是一种闻所未闻甚至渴望得到的玩具。A. limited有限的；B. traded交易；C. desired渴望的；D. imported进口的。根据上文“a garbage truck was actually an unheard of or even”在当时，垃圾清运车很少见，因此这种模型的玩具车也是孩子们“渴望得到的”。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一个男孩，他没有家人，甚至假期也呆在这个中心，完全被为我们中心服务的垃圾车所吸引。A. interest兴趣；B. family家庭；C. fortune运气；D. community社区。根据后文“and stayed at this center even for holidays”可知男孩没有家人，甚至假期也呆在这个中心，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的一个男孩，他没有家人，甚至假期也呆在这个中心，完全被为我们中心服务的垃圾车所吸引。A. slightly稍微；B. secretly秘密地；C. absolutely完全；D. eventually终于。结合后文“attracted by the garbage truck”可知，这个男孩完全被这辆垃圾清运车吸引了。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的一个男孩，他没有家人，甚至假期也呆在这个中心，完全被为我们中心服务的垃圾车所吸引。A. served服务；B. crowded拥挤；C. loaded装货；D. connected连接。根据上文“the garbage truck that”指为中心服务的垃圾车。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：而且，碰巧的是，一辆玩具垃圾车是他圣诞愿望清单上唯一的一件东西。A. dinner table餐桌；B. pine tree松树；C. wish list愿望清单；D. wrapping paper包装纸。根据上文“only item on his Christmas”可知，在这个男孩的圣诞“愿望清单”上，一辆垃圾清运玩具车是他唯一希望得到的圣诞礼物。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当玩具基金会的几名年轻工作人员来看望我们的孩子并给他们分发玩具时，我们的工作人员问他们是否可以为这个男孩提供一辆玩具垃圾车，不出我们所料，他们没有。A. chose选择；B. examined检查；C. designed设计；D. distributed分发。结合后文“toys to our kids”可知玩具基金会的几名年轻工作人员来看望这些孩子并给他们分发玩具，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有想到的是，这些工作人员中的一个会在平安夜突然造访我们的中心，并为我们的男孩带来一辆玩具垃圾车。A. approve支持；B. expect期待，预料；C. achieve实现；D. discuss讨论。作者和护理中心的工作人员都没有“预想到”后面将要发生的事情。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们没有想到的是，其中一个工作人员会在平安夜突然造访我们的中心，并为我们的男孩带来一辆玩具垃圾车。A. unnoticed被忽视的；B. unrelated无关的；C. unprepared无准备的；D. unannounced未经宣布的，没有事先告知的。基金会的一名工作人员在圣诞前夜在“没有事先告知（unannounced）”的情况下突然来到了护理中心。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有想到的是，其中一个工作人员会在平安夜突然造访我们的中心，并为我们的男孩带来一辆玩具垃圾车。A. boy男孩；B. teacher老师；C. friend朋友；D. doctor医生。呼应上文“our staff asked if they might possibly have a toy garbage truck for this boy”这名工作人员带来了一辆那个“小男孩”梦寐以求的垃圾清运玩具车。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：原来，工作人员们离开后，他们向其他慈善组织发出消息，让他们广泛寻找一辆玩具垃圾车，最终在特拉华州的一家商店找到了一辆。A. food食物；B. word单词，信息；C. medicine药物；D. supply供应。根据后文“out to other charity organizations”原来这些基金会的工作人员离开护理中心后，他们就向其他的慈善组织发出了“信息”。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：原来，工作人员们离开后，他们向其他慈善组织发出消息，让他们广泛寻找一辆玩具垃圾车，最终在特拉华州的一家商店找到了一辆。A. search搜索，寻找；B. discovery发现；C. collection收藏品；D. check检查。根据后文“for a toy garbage truck”可知，他们发动其他的慈善组织一起“寻找”那个男孩希望得到的垃圾清运玩具车。后文“this coordinated search”也是提示。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来，工作人员们离开后，他们向其他慈善组织发出消息，让他们广泛寻找一辆玩具垃圾车，最终在特拉华州的一家商店找到了一辆。A. produced产生；B. located位于；C. informed通知；D. recognized识别。根据后文“at a store in Delaware”可知，他们终于得到消息，在Delaware市的一家商店里有这样一个玩具。locate确认地点。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，当时还没有互联网和手机，所以这种协同搜索需要花费大量的时间和精力。A. clocks钟表；B. radios电台；C. Internet互联网；D. subway地铁。根据上文“this was at a time before the”可知，在当时那个年代，“互联网”和手机时代还未到来，因此基金会的工作人员为这一切的联系和沟通工作付出了很多的努力。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，当时还没有互联网和手机，所以这种协同搜索需要花费大量的时间和精力。A. effort努力；B. money钱；C. space空间；D. labor劳动。根据上文“so this coordinated search took a lot of time and”可知，在当时那个年代，互联网和手机时代还未到来，因此基金会的工作人员为这一切的联系和沟通工作付出了很多的努力。故选A。 【36题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这么多年过去了，当我想到他们为不认识的有特殊需要的男孩所做的这件不可思议的善举时，我的眼睛里仍然充满了泪水。A. break out爆发；B. cheer up使高兴；C. figure out解决；D. fill with装满。根据上文“my eyes still”指眼里充满泪水。故选D。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么多年过去了，当我想到他们为不认识的有特殊需要的男孩所做的这件不可思议的善举时，我的眼睛里仍然充满了泪水。A. daily日常的；B. urgent紧急的；C. special特别的；D. temporary暂时的。根据上文“for a boy with”可知男孩想要一辆垃圾车玩具，即有特别需要。故选C。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这么多年过去了，当我想到他们为不认识的有特殊需要的男孩所做的这件不可思议的善举时，我的眼睛里仍然充满了泪水。A. meet遇见；B. know知道，认识；C. care关心；D. remember记得。这些基金会的工作人员根本就不“认识”这个男孩，know符合语境。故选B。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望我知道放下玩具卡车的年轻工人的名字，这样他就可以在公众面前得到答谢，但是，当然，他礼貌地选择不告诉我们。A. name名字；B. address地址；C. purpose目的；D. career事业。根据后文“of the young worker”可知作者想知道那个专门送玩具来的那个年轻人的“名字”。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我知道放下玩具卡车的年轻工人的名字，这样他就可以在公众面前得到答谢，但是，当然，他礼貌地选择不告诉我们。A. treated对待；B. appointed任命；C. mentioned提及；D. acknowledged答谢，承认。作者想知道那个年轻人的名字的目的是想当众向他表示感谢。但是他拒绝了。acknowledge“感谢”符合语境。故选D。 第Ⅱ卷(选择题) 第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 41. Cleaning houses before the Spring Festival is an old Chinese custom __________ (date) back thousands of years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dating 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：春节前打扫房屋是中国几千年前的一个古老习俗。设空处修饰名词custom，和名词之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填dating。 42. The report urged that further investigation into the accident __________ (conduct). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be conducted##should be conducted 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：报告敦促对事故进行进一步调查。分析句子可知，‌‌urge‌在英语中作动词表示“竭力主张，强烈要求”，当‌urge‌引导从句时，通常使用‌虚拟语气，即“(should) + 动词原形”的结构，且further investigation与conduct为被动关系，用被动语态，故填(should) be conduced。 43. I’m tired out. I __________ (shop) all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been shopping 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我已经累坏了。我整个下午一直购物，我似乎什么也没完成。shop是谓语动词，由时间状语all afternoon和don't seem可知，此处表示从过去一直到现在的一段时间内一直在做某事，用现在完成进行时，故填have been shopping。 44. This question __________ (discuss) from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being discussed 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天下午2点到4点讨论了这个问题。这里考查谓语动词，主语This question与discuss为被动关系，且由2 to 4 yesterday afternoon可知，此空时态应用过去进行时表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。故填was being discussed。 45. So far, every possible means ___(try) to solve the problem.  （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】has been tried 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经尝试了一切可能的方法来解决这个问题。空处作句子的谓语。根据句中的So far可知，这里应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去某时一直持续到现在。主语means和try之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。且means(方法)单复数同形，其前有every修饰，谓语应用单数形式。故填has been tried。 46. I really don’t know whether ________(accept) her offer or not. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to accept 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式的用法。句意：我真的不知道是否接受她的提议。“whether+不定式”常用来在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分，为固定用法。根据空前的whether可知，这里应用不定式。故填to accept。 47. Simon was sitting on the sofa, his arms __________ (fold) across his chest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】folded 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：西蒙坐在沙发上，双臂交叉在胸前。分析句子的结构可知，该句为独立主格结构，设空处和逻辑主语his arms之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填folded。 48. Our personal genome contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of c__________ (感染) certain diseases. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】contracting##ontracting 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们的个人基因组包含有助于确定我们的寿命并影响我们感染某些疾病的机会的信息。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“感染”应用contract，为动词，且介词of后应用动名词作宾语。故填contracting。 49. One of the essential aims of Al is to develop computer intelligence c__________ (有能力的) of learning from experience. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】capable##apable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人工智能的一个基本目标是开发能够从经验中学习的计算机智能。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词capable“有能力的”作后置定语，capable of doing表示“有能力做……”，符合题意。故填capable。 50. Genome editing can serve __________ a new weapon in the fight against diseases. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：基因组编辑可以作为对抗疾病的新武器。serve as为固定搭配，表示“作为，充当”，符合题意。故填as。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 With the development of the Internet, we have a new place which we can enjoy ourselves, finding information and communicate with others. Some people think the Internet will take place of the traditional library in the future. Sure enough, the Internet brings great convenient to our life. It is much easy to find a book we need with the search engine than ago. In my opinion, libraries create a better atmosphere for studying. With all the students aborbing in their studies, I concentrate on my book. Beside, reading books give me a different taste and a better experience. So I would rather to use libraries more frequently. 【答案】1.which → where 2.finding → find 3.take后加the 4.convenient → convenience 5.easy → easier 6.ago → before 7.absorbing → absorbed 8.Beside → Besides 9.give → gives 10.删除rather后的to 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述随着互联网的发展，有些人认为互联网将在未来取代传统的图书馆，而作者认为图书馆更适合读书。 【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：随着互联网的发展，我们有了一个新的地方，我们可以享受自己，寻找信息和与他人交流。 本句中we can enjoy ourselves…为定语从句修饰先行词place，关系词指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，故which改为where。 2.考查动词。句意：同上。enjoy ourselves和finding information，communicate with others之间为并列关系，接在情态动词can后，都应用动词原形，故finding改为find。 3.考查固定短语。句意：有些人认为互联网将在未来取代传统的图书馆。取代为固定短语take the place of，故take后加the。 4.考查名词。句意：当然，互联网给我们的生活带来了极大的方便。动词brings后应接名词作宾语，故convenient改为convenience。 5.考查形容词比较级。句意：用搜索引擎找到我们需要的书比以前容易多了。根据句中的标志词than，可知easy应用比较级形式，故easy改为easier。 6.考查固定短语。句意：同上。短语than before意为“比以前”，符合句意，故ago 改为before。 7.考查过去分词。句意：所有学生都专心致志地学习，我却专心读书。all the students和absorb之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作补足语，故填absorbing改为absorbed。 8.考查副词。 句意：此外，读书给我一种不同的味道和更好的体验。此外是副词besides“此外”，beside意为“在……旁边”，根据句意，故Beside改为Besides。 9.考查主谓一致。 句意：同上。动名词短语reading books作主语，谓语应用单数形式，讲述一般事实用一般现在时，故give改为gives。 10.考查主谓一致。 句意：所以我宁愿更频繁地使用图书馆。would rather后接动词原形，故删除rather后的to。 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 52. 假定你是李华，你所在的山西国际学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致意奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。 1. 表达谢意； 2. 个人感受； 3. 表达信心。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。 参考词汇：流行病epidemic 疫情epidemic situation 新型冠状病毒novel coronavirus Dear Medical workers, I am Li Hua, a high middle school student in Shanxi. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Medical workers, I am Li Hua, a high middle school student in Shanxi. I’m writing to express sincere gratitude to you all for your devotion and sacrifice in this battle against the Novel Coronavirus. In this epidemic, it is you who, despite the lack of equipment and the potential of infection, desperately rescue those infected but striving for life. It is also you who have shed new light on the virus with expertise to build up our confidence to defeat it. It is you who deserve all the admiration and love! I can never express our thankfulness too much for your selfless contribution. It’s widely believed that with our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery. Good luck and stay well! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你所在的山西国际学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致意奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 不顾一切地：desperately→profoundly 拯救：rescue→save 增强：build up→enhance 2.句式拓展 同义句转化 原句：It’s widely believed that with our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery. 拓展句：I firmly believed that with our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery. 【点睛】[高分句型1] In this epidemic, it is you who, despite the lack of equipment and the potential of infection, desperately rescue those infected but striving for life. (运用了强调句) [高分句型2] It’s widely believed that with our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery. (运用了主语从句) 听力答案：1-5 CACBB 6-10 CCABB 11-15 ACBAB 16-20CAACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$