Unit 4 Period Ⅲ Developing ideas-【金版教程】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册创新导学案课件PPT（外研版2019）

WELCOME UNIT Unit 4　Breaking boundaries Period Ⅲ　Developing ideas 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 ３ 课后课时作业 4 课前预习自检 The Words That Changed A Nation 改变了一个国家的演说 On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak. 1863年11月19日，一个灰蒙蒙的下午，在宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡的一块空地上，一个高大瘦削的男人登上了讲台，开始演说。 The place was the site of a recent battle where thousands of soldiers had died. 这个地方是最近一场战斗的地点，数千名士兵牺牲于此。 课前预习自检 目录 •The man was Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States of America, and he was there in memory of the soldiers who had died. 这个人是美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯，他在那里是为了纪念死去的士兵。 The speech he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes. 他做的演讲只有268个字，持续了两分钟。 But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation. 但这次对群众的演讲改变了他的人民的想法，帮助塑造了一个国家。 课前预习自检 目录 ①________ v. 走上，登上 ②“分句(The man ... America)＋and＋分句(he was ... died)”。本句是________连接的并列复合句。in memory of ... had died是介词短语作状语，who had died是__________从句，修饰soldiers。 mount and 定语 课前预习自检 目录 At that time, America was bitterly divided. 在那时，美国分崩离析。 For two years, its people had been deep in a civil war between the slave­owning Confederate Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the Union. 两年来，该国人民一直深陷拥护奴隶制的南部联邦和“自由”的北方联盟之间的内战之中。 课前预习自检 目录 The worst battle lasted three days and took place at Gettysburg in 1863. 最惨烈的战斗持续了三天，于1863年发生在葛底斯堡。 The Union side won, but at a great cost. 联盟方赢得了胜利，但付出了巨大的代价。 Over 50，000 soldiers were killed or wounded, and people lost hope and purpose. 50，000多名士兵伤亡，人们失去了希望和目标。 What was all this suffering for? 遭受这些苦难究竟是为了什么呢？ 课前预习自检 目录 ③________ adj. 公民的，国民的 ④_________ 内战 ⑤_________ n. 奴隶 ⑥____________ adj. (美国内战期间)南部联邦的 ⑦_________ n. 联邦 civil civil war slave confederate union 课前预习自检 目录 Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people. 林肯理解平民百姓的感受。 His speech gave them hope, belief and a reason to look to the future. 他的演说给了他们希望、信念和展望未来的理由。 •He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before. 他让他们对美利坚合众国应成为的样子有了一个新的认识，这是基于87年前美国开国元勋们所确立的理想。 课前预习自检 目录 It was what the soldiers had died for. 那也是战士们为之献出生命的原因。 Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind. 现在，责任落到了生者身上，不仅要消除南北之间的分歧，还要打破黑人与白人之间的界限，一步步走向人类的平等。 课前预习自检 目录 ⑧__________ adj. 平民的；百姓的 ⑨__________ n. 分歧，分裂 ⑩“主(He)谓(gave)＋间接宾语(them)＋直接宾语(a new vision of ... should be)”。what the United ... should be是________从句；based on ... before是过去分词短语作____________，set down ... before是ideals的____________。 civilian division 宾语 后置定语 后置定语 课前预习自检 目录 Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新的国家，这个新的国家在自由中孕育，致力于人人生而平等的理想。 课前预习自检 目录 ⑪____________ 使产生，使出现 ⑫____________ v. 构想，设想 ⑬____________ n. 自由 ⑭____________ v. 致力于，献身于 bring forth conceive liberty dedicate 课前预习自检 目录 Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure. 现在我们正在进行一场伟大的内战，考验这个国家或者任何一个在自由中孕育，信奉人人生而平等的主张的国家是否能够长久地存在下去。 We are met here on a great battlefield of that war. 现在我们聚集在这场内战的一个重要战场上。 课前预习自检 目录 •We have come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. 我们来到这里，是为了把这里的一部分土地献给那些为了国家存续而献出自己生命的人，作为他们最终的安息之地。 It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. 我们这样做是完全应当且非常恰当的。 课前预习自检 目录 ⑮___________ v. 持续存在 ⑯___________ n. 战场 ⑰___________ n. 一部分 ⑱___________ adv. 完全 ⑲“主(We)谓(have come)”。to dedicate ... might live是__________状语；who here ... might live是__________从句，修饰those；其中第一个that实为so that引导目的状语从句。 endure portion battlefield altogether 目的 定语 课前预习自检 目录 But in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate—we can not hallow this ground. 但是，从更广泛意义上来说，我们不能献出——我们不能圣化——我们不能神化这块土地。 •The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. 曾经在这里战斗过的勇士们，无论活着的还是死去的，已经圣化了这片土地，这远不是我们渺小的力量所能增减的。 The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but can never forget what they did here. 世界不会留意，也不会长久记住我们在这里所说的话，但永远不会忘记他们在这里所做的事情。 课前预习自检 目录 ⑳_____________ v. 宣布……为神圣之处 21 __________ v. 使成为神圣 22 __________ v. 减低，破坏，损害 23 “主(The brave men)谓(have consecrated)宾(it)”。后置定语living and dead和定语从句who struggled here都修饰主语The brave men; far above ... Detract是________；to add or detract是不定式短语作power的_____________。 consecrate hallow detract 状语 后置定语 课前预习自检 目录 It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they have, thus far, so nobly carried on. 对我们这些活着的人来说，更应该在这里献身于他们长久以来如此高尚地推进的、尚未完成的事业。 It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation shall have a new birth of freedom; and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 课前预习自检 目录 倒不如说，我们应该在这里献身于摆在我们面前的伟大任务——从这些光荣的逝者身上汲取更多的信仰，来投身于他们为之竭尽最后一丝力量的事业——我们在这里下最大的决心，不让逝者白白失去生命；要让国家获得自由的新生；要使民有、民治、民享的政府永存。 (“The Gettysburg Address” by Abraham Lincoln) (《葛底斯堡演讲》——亚伯拉罕·林肯) 课前预习自检 目录 24 ________ adv. 高尚地，崇高地 25 ________ 白白地 26 ________ v. 死亡 nobly in vain perish 课前预习自检 目录 重点合作探究 1 division n. 分歧，分裂(教材P58) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 目录 ①We shall not let such a small matter divide us. 我们决不会让这么一个小问题分裂我们。 ②A sentence can be divided up into meaningful segments. 一个句子可以划分为有意义的各个部分。 ③Let’s divide the cake between/among us. 我们把这个蛋糕分了吃吧。 重点合作探究 目录 (1)单句语法填空 ①Remove the meat with a fork and divide it __________ four plates. ②White lines divide the playing area ________ sections. (2)单句表达 我们将分割股东的钱。 We will ____________________________ the partners. among into divide up the money between 重点合作探究 目录 2 dedicate v. 致力于，献身于(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 目录 ①She has dedicated much of her time to taking care of the old in the community. 她花费了许多时间照顾社区的老年人。 ②The most honorable thing that I can do is to dedicate myself to my country and strive for my ideal. 我能做的最光荣的事就是献身祖国，为理想而奋斗。 ③He is totally dedicated and brings out the best in his pupils. 他全身心地投入，最大限度地激发学生的潜能。 重点合作探究 目录 (1)单句语法填空 ①He felt that medicine was the most important cause that he could dedicate himself ________． ②China will continue to be ______________ (dedicate) to promoting international cooperation in this area. (2)单句表达 50多年来，樊锦诗一直致力于保护和研究敦煌石窟。 Fan Jinshi ___________________________________________________________ the Dunhuang Caves for more than 50 years. to dedicated has dedicated herself to/has been dedicated to protecting and researching 重点合作探究 目录 3 altogether adv. 完全(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 目录 ①How come you forget it altogether? 你怎么完全忘了啊？ ②You owe me ￡68 altogether. 你一共欠我68英镑。 ③Altogether it was a great vacation! 总的说来，这次度假开心极了！ 重点合作探究 目录 (1)all together是副词短语，意为“全体一起，全部在一起”，强调同时或在同一地点。 (2)altogether “完全，全部”，与completely, entirely, fully, wholly等为近义词，用于否定句时，表示部分否定。 重点合作探究 目录 (1)选词填空(all together/altogether) ①Put the plates _____________ in the sink. ②I don’t ____________ agree with you. (2)单句表达 火车越来越慢，最后完全停了。 The train went slower and slower until __________________________． all together altogether it stopped altogether 重点合作探究 目录 in vain 白白地(教材P60) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 目录 ①I tried to persuade the patient, but in vain. 我尝试过劝那位病人，可是白费力气。 ②They made vain attempts to reach the mountain top. 他们几次尝试想攀登山顶，都没成功。 重点合作探究 目录 单句语法填空 ①Everything was done to discover the missing boy, but ________ vain. ②Sophia closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt ________ (hold) back the tears. ③He shouted at them, ________ (vain) trying to attract their attention. in to hold vainly 重点合作探究 目录 1 The place was the site of a recent battle where thousands of soldiers had died. (教材P58)这里曾是一片战场，数千名士兵牺牲于此。 剖析 where 引导定语从句，修饰the site of a recent battle，在从句中充当地点状语。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 目录 ①The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work where (at which) a good impression is a must. 在日常交流中这本书对我帮助很大，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。 ②Students should involve themselves in community activities where (in which) they can gain experience for growth. 学生们应该积极参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。 ③Care of the soul is a gradual process where (in which) even the small details of life should be considered. 心灵的呵护是一个渐进的过程，在这一过程中，即使是生活中微小的细节也应该考虑在内。 重点合作探究 目录 定语从句的解题步骤：第一步：找出主句；第二步：找出被修饰词，即先行词；第三步：找出定语从句；第四步：判断关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，如作主语、宾语、表语，需从关系代词who, whom, that, which中选择；如作定语，需从whose, of which或of whom中选择；如作状语，需从关系副词when, why, where中选择。 重点合作探究 目录 (1)单句语法填空 ①We’re just trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down together and talk. ②Remember that there is still one point __________ we must make clear at the conference tomorrow. (2)单句表达 在一个年复一年生活没有什么变化的社会，语言也同样不会有变化。 In a society ________________________ year after year with few changes, the language does not change, either. where which where life continues 重点合作探究 目录 2 He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before. (教材P58)他给予了美国人民一个新的愿景，那就是依照87年前开国元勋的理念，美利坚合众国本应成为的样子。 剖析 what引导宾语从句，在从句中作be的表语。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 目录 ①All of us have already known what she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad. 我们都已经知道她将选择的是出国的机会。 ②What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. 过去认为不可能的事现在已经变成了现实。 重点合作探究 目录 单句表达 ①让她担心的是她儿子沉迷于电脑游戏。 ______________________ was that her son was addicted to computer games. ②这就是我想告诉你的事情。 This is __________________ you. ③我不知道下一步我们该干什么。 I don’t know ____________________________． What worried her what I want to tell what we should do next 重点合作探究 目录 3 Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind. (教材P58)现在，责任落到了生者身上，不仅要消除南北之间的分歧，还要打破黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步朝着实现人类平等而努力。 剖析 It is up to sb to do sth为固定句式，意为“由某人决定做某事，做某事是……的职责(或责任)”。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 目录 ①It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety. 通过注意道路安全来确保避免事故，这就取决于我们大家，即道路使用者。 ②Life provides you with time and space. It’s up to you to fill it. 生命提供给你时间与空间。(如何)填满它由你决定。 ③He is not up to the job. 他无法胜任这项工作。 巧记up to：多到达到一直到，忙于胜任做决定。 重点合作探究 目录 (1)单句语法填空 ①It’s up to you ___________ (decide) who is up to the job. ②Call in, or ring us up; it’s up ________ you. (2)单句表达 不用担心；他能胜任你为他提供的这份工作。 Don’t worry; he ____________ the job you offered him. to decide to is up to 重点合作探究 目录 课堂效果检测 目录 Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．His objective was to kill the space station project ___________ (完全)． 2．The ________ (分歧) between the prosperous west and the impoverished east remains. 3．But ________ (平民的) applications such as search and rescue, he thinks, are likely to be as important as military and security ones. 4．If you ___________ (设想) a plan or idea, you think of it and work out how it can be done. altogether division civilian conceive 答案 课堂效果检测 目录 48 5．Somehow the language ________ (持续存在) and continues to survive. 6．There is no doubt that the best prize in life is the opportunity to d________ to a cause worthy of dedication. 7．Some c______ cases can be settled out of court. 8．If you m________ the stairs or a platform, you go up the stairs or go up onto the platform. 9．There is no formal confirmation so far that he is at l________． 10．Civilizations do eventually decline and p________． endures edicate ivil ount 答案 iberty erish 课堂效果检测 目录 49 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．It helps to have ___________ (influent) friends. 2．She ________ (noble) did my work as well as hers while I was ill. 3．I see that I am speaking ________ vain to make him change his mind. 4．It is no use ____________ (quarrel) with him. 5．He had taught me three years ________ I was took out of the mountains. influential nobly in quarrelling 答案 before 课堂效果检测 目录 50 6．The report can be conveniently divided ________ three main sections. 7．Four and a half hours of discussion took us up ________ midnight, and a break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar. 8．I worry about __________ he can pass through the crisis of his illness or not. 9．The last thing they want is to work in the red areas ________ life is hard. 10．I don’t like work and nobody does, I think, but I like ________ is in the work—the chance to find myself. into to whether where 答案 what 课堂效果检测 目录 51 Ⅲ.选词填空 1．I tried to explain the problem to him, but ____________. He still doesn’t understand it. 2．These efforts will surely ____________ good fruit. 3．The congress opened with a minute’s silence ______________ those who died in the struggle. 4．People who are honest, ____________ their work and have integrity are welcome. 5．We ________________ both export and import business. in vain bring forth in memory of dedicated to 答案 in memory of; in vain; be engaged in; dedicate to; bring forth are engaged in 课堂效果检测 目录 52 Ⅳ.单句表达 1．她试图向他指出他的做法不公正，但无济于事。 She tried ____________ to point out to him the unfairness of his actions. 2．生活就像一个杯子，它是一个饮料杯还是一个牙刷杯由你来决定。 Life is like a cup, and _______________ to decide whether it’s a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup. 3．我们还没有决定是否去逛街。 We haven’t decided ____________________ go shopping ____________． in vain it’s up to you whether we will or not 答案 课堂效果检测 目录 53 4．今天的生活与20年前是多么地不同啊！(what引导宾语从句) How different life today is __________________ twenty years ago! 5．当孩子们对新环境不适应时，父母们应多加关注。(where 引导定语从句) Parents should pay attention to the cases ___________________________________ (in) adapting to new surroundings. from what it was 答案 where their children have difficulty 课堂效果检测 目录 54 课后课时作业 目录 Ⅰ　阅读 Several years ago, Jeremy Clarkson, presenter of the famous BBC television programme “Top Gear”， discovered that one of his guests was half German and half Irish. Immediately, he said, “That’s quite a strange combination. It’s like, ‘this must be done absolutely perfectly ... tomorrow’”． This joke played on stereotypes of the Germans as efficient and the Irish as lazy. Many people could understandably be offended by these kinds of assertions (断言). We do not know every Irish person, so how can we then conclude that every Irish person is lazy? 课后课时作业 目录 56 I recently read on a website that Irish business people were described as being “generally rather casual” and “more outwardly friendly than many European countries”. German business people, on the other hand, are considered to be very direct and according to the website, they “do not need a personal relationship in order to do business”. Once you hear advice like this, it becomes easier to understand where jokes like the one in the first paragraph come from. So why do some people disapprove of the kind of stereotypes as seen in Clarkson’s joke, but not batting an eyelid (眨眼) when it comes to generalizations. What is the difference between the two? 课后课时作业 目录 57 By definition, a stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. A cultural characteristic, on the other hand, is a pattern of behaviour that is typical of a certain group. So what does this really mean? Stereotypes are simply overstated assumptions about groups of people. Imagine if a tourist visited a small town in Switzerland and saw a number of locals playing the alphorn instrument, and then claimed that Swiss people can play the alphorn. This would be a stereotype! This is an overstated image of the Swiss which is based on one tourist’s experience. 课后课时作业 目录 58 If, however, this tourist were to say that the Swiss are very punctual, this could be seen as a cultural characteristic. This is because it is a pattern of behaviour which is very typical in Switzerland: from their transport system to their business meetings. In this way, some people argue that generalizing another culture is not just useful, but important. Politicians always have to be mindful of the cultural characteristics of different countries. By becoming aware of different cultural characteristics, they can avoid causing offence in those cultures. However, others argue that generalizing cultures will always lead to offensive stereotypes. They argue that the best thing we can do is to stop generalizing cultures and start treating people as individuals. 课后课时作业 目录 59 All this raises important questions: can making generalizations about groups of people be a positive thing? Or should we always avoid making broad assumptions about different groups？ 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。由于文化、习俗习惯的不同，不同的民族总是有其独有的特点，文章论述了是否需要对民族特性作概括。 篇章导读 课后课时作业 目录 60 1．When he said “It’s like, ‘this must be done absolutely perfectly ... tomorrow’” in Paragraph 1, Jeremy Clarkson really meant “________”． A．the stereotypes of the Germans and the Irish are not so good B．the combination of half German and half Irish is interesting C．the characteristics of the Germans and the Irish are opposite D．the Germans will do it perfectly tomorrow while the Irish won’t 答案：　C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“That’s quite a strange combination. It’s like, ‘this must be done absolutely perfectly ... tomorrow’．”和第二段第一句“This joke played on stereotypes of the Germans as efficient and the Irish as lazy.”可知，人们认为德国人效率高、爱尔兰人懒惰，是很奇怪的组合。由此可推知，作者说这句话是为了表明人们对德国人和爱尔兰人的印象是相反的。故选C。 答案 课后课时作业 目录 61 2．Which of the following is mentioned according to the passage? A．The Swiss can play the alphorn quite well. B．The Irish people are considered to be lazy, direct and casual. C．The Germans are thought to be efficient, friendly and direct. D．The Swiss tend to arrive on time on various occasions. 答案：　D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“If, however, this tourist were ... which is very typical in Switzerland”可知，守时是瑞士人的典型文化特征，瑞士人往往在各种场合都准时到达。故选D。 答案 课后课时作业 目录 62 3．Politicians think it important to generalize another culture because ________． A．they don’t want to offend other people B．generalizing will lead to offensive stereotypes C．cultural characteristics are better than stereotypes D．they think different cultural characteristics are useful 答案：　A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“By becoming aware of different cultural characteristics, they can avoid causing offence in those cultures.”可知，政客们认为了解别的文化很重要，因为他们不想冒犯别人。故选A。 答案 课后课时作业 目录 63 4．The main purpose of this passage is to ________． A．illustrate the importance of making generalizations B．show it is wrong to play jokes on stereotypes of different people C．tell us the differences between stereotypes and cultural characteristics D．discuss whether it is good to make generalizations about groups of people 答案：　D　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段可知，文章主要讨论了是否需要对民族特性进行概括，由此可推知，本文的写作目的是讨论对人群进行概括是否有益。故选D。 答案 课后课时作业 目录 64 Ⅱ　语法填空 The concept of the crossbow (弩) developed from animal traps. __1__ is difficult to establish the date of the first development of the crossbow as a weapon. A scientist named E．M. Grosser discovered a bronze pistol­like version __2__ Robert Templel said could have been from the “eighth or ninth century BC or even __3__ (early)．” There are references to the crossbow in China in the sixth century BC. By the fourth century BC military leaders were relying __4__ (strong) on crossbow­armed forces. One Han prince spoke in 336 BC of having __5__ (thousand) of crossbows for his army. 课后课时作业 目录 65 The crossbow had the advantage of not only __6__ (send) an arrow with enough force to cut through body armor (盔甲) __7__ its arrows, being short, could not be shot back by bowmen. Over the decades the crossbow was improved upon. The trigger (触发) mechanisms were cast out of bronze and became as complicated as those of a modern gun. Rectangular frames (矩形框架) were attached to the front and back of the crossbow as sights __8__ (make) it easier to aim. The strength of the bow on a crossbow made it difficult to prepare for firing. This device __9__ (enable) the bowman to hook the bowstring over the bow and use his legs to push against the bow. Later larger crossbows __10__ (build) to shoot multiple arrows at a time. 课后课时作业 目录 66 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　 6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了弩的来历、发展、工作原理以及在军事上的应用。 篇章导读 课后课时作业 目录 67 1．It　考查代词。句意：很难确定首先把弩发展成武器的日期。It is＋adj.＋to do sth “做某事是……”，为固定句型，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，且位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填It。 2．which/that　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词a bronze pistol­like version在从句中充当主语，指物，应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 3．earlier　考查形容词的比较级。根据even可知，此处应用形容词early的比较级。故填earlier。 答案 课后课时作业 目录 68 4．strongly　考查词性转换。句意：直到公元前4世纪，军队将领非常依赖弩兵。设空处应用副词，修饰动词短语rely on。故填strongly。 5．thousands　考查数词。句意：公元前336年，一个汉朝的天子曾说他的军队拥有成千上万的弩。thousands of “成千上万的”。故填thousands。 6．sending　考查非谓语动词。此处应用动名词sending作介词of的宾语。故填sending。 7．but　考查连词。句意：弩的优势不仅在于可以射出足够力道的箭来刺穿盔甲，而且还在于它的箭很短，弓箭手无法反击。not only ... but (also) ...“不但……而且……”，其中also可省略。故填but。 答案 课后课时作业 目录 69 8．to make　考查非谓语动词。“矩形框架被安装在弩的前后作为瞄准镜”的目的是“使弩更容易瞄准”，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 9．enabled　考查动词的时态。句意：该装置可以使弓箭手将弓弦挂在弓上，用腿抵住弓。陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填enabled。 10．were built　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：后来制造了可以同时发射多支箭的、更大的弩。陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语crossbows和build之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语crossbows是复数，故填were built。 答案 课后课时作业 目录 70 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When a tornado hit a small town nearby, many families were left homeless. Afterward, all the local newspapers carried stories of the families who suffered the hardest to appeal to people’s attention and assistance. 课后课时作业 目录 71 One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of a mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old, stood at her side, eyes downcast. Hiding behind her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, wide eyes with confusion and fear. The article below gave clothing sizes closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my seven­year­old twins, Brad and Brett, and three­year­old Meghan to help those less fortunate than themselves. 课后课时作业 目录 72 “We have so much. And these poor people now have nothing，” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them.” I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them in the living room. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods. While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. The boys were pleased to join. Brad rose and went to his room fast. He came back bringing his action figures that he played with not so frequently. Brett also jumped up and ran to fetch some of his Matchbox cars and airplane models. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up abandoned toys. 课后课时作业 目录 73 The boys placed the objects they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, faded, best­loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. “I’ll help you find something for the little girl, too.” I said to the little Meghan. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 课后课时作业 目录 74 “Mommy, I will give Lucy to them，” Meghan turned to me. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 课后课时作业 目录 75 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者看见一张遭受台风灾难的一家人的照片后受到感触，鼓励孩子给他们捐赠自己不常玩的玩具。男孩子们把自己不太喜欢的玩具捐赠出来，但是女儿却把自己最喜欢的玩具娃娃捐出来了，这是为什么呢？看到女儿的做法作者和男孩子们有何行动？ 篇章导读 课后课时作业 目录 76 答案 [精彩范文] “Mommy, I will give Lucy to them，” Meghan turned to me. “Oh, honey，” I said. “You don’t have to give Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan nodded seriously, eyes glistening with tears. “Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she’ll make that little girl happy, too.” She paused in front of the box that held the toys, pressed her round little face into Lucy’s flat face, gave her a final kiss, and then laid her gently on top of the other toys. The boys watched, open­mouthed, as their baby sister placed her favorite doll in the box. 课后课时作业 目录 77 答案 Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. I replaced it with the new hunter green jacket that I had bought on sale last week. I believed the young woman in the picture would like it as much as I did. The boys had also been inspired by our behavior and carried their beloved things. We all wished the family could pass the difficult period as soon as possible and that they would love the things we gave them with all our heart. 课后课时作业 目录 78 R $$