精品解析：重庆市西北狼联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期入学联考英语试题

西北狼教育联盟2024年秋季开学学业调研 高二英语试题 考试时间120分钟。满分150分。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。 2. 作答时，全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，只交答题卡，试卷由考生带走。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man mean? A. It’s not easy to take care of fish. B. It’s expensive to keep fish as pets. C. Keeping fish is harder than keeping dogs. 2. What did the woman forget? A. Where the man is living. B. When the man called her. C. How long the man had been traveling. 3 What is the woman going to do this Sunday? A. Work in the city. B. Care for her niece. C. Pick fruit on the farm. 4 How many times has the man gone to the woman’s house? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Photographing oneself. B. A new kind of camera. C. Different social media. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman like the local library? A. She can go there easily. B. She began to love reading there. C. She has made some friends there. 7. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Help people get to the library. B. Go to the library with his children. C. Write to the newspaper about the local library. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Writer and publisher. B. Professor and student. C. Shop owner and customer. 9 What does the man think of the shop owner’s character? A. It is realistic. B. It has magical powers. C. It is similar to other characters. 10. What is the woman’s advice? A. Adding more chapters. B. Introducing another series. C. Changing the names of some characters. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the man want to buy? A. A bus ticket. B. A train ticket. C. An airline ticket. 12. Which information can be found on the travel website? A. The payment method. B. The phone number. C. The travel arrangements. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Call the travel agent. B. Have something to drink. C. Ask Mike for some details. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the woman drive her car here? A. To replace the tires. B. To check the engine problems. C. To get a 50,000- mile service on her car. 15. What does the man mean by mentioning his kids? A. He’s got a lot of problems with them. B. They should not be allowed to sit in the back. C. He’s got into the same situation as the woman. 16. What will the woman do next? A. Head to the waiting room. B. Give the man her keys. C. Take her car home. 17. Where are the speakers? A. In a car factory. B. At a car wash. C. In a parking lot. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker do for a living? A. He’s a rescuer. B. He’s a driver. C. He’s a professor. 19. Where is the speaker from? A. England. B. Thailand. C. Australia. 20. Why is the speaker telling this story? A. To show his work skills. B. To inspire himself to do great things. C. To remind the listeners of their mission. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Want to know all the ins-and-outs regarding the Paris 2024 Olympics? Then you’ve come to the right place! Below you will find all the information about the new Olympic sports. Olympic skateboarding Who will follow in the footsteps of Momiji Nishiya, the first Olympic skateboarding champion, who was crowned at the last Games at the age of 13? The answer will be revealed in Paris this summer. Speed, technique, mastery of the board will be required to successfully perform the most beautiful tricks. Olympic sports climbing With its second time entering the Olympics, sports climbing has three branches: Speed, Bouldering (抱石攀岩) and Lead. Speed is all about the speed of climbing. Bouldering is all about climbing a boulder on a wall and Lead requires athletes to climb a difficult route 20 meters high. Olympic surfing The Olympics will be held in Paris, but what about Olympic surfing? There is one venue (场地) that is literally on the other side of the world. The location Teahupoo, on the island of Tahiti, is where Olympic surfing will take place. This island is part of French Polynesia, between Australia and South America. Olympic breakdancing Breakdancing is the new Olympic sport that will make its first appearance in Paris 2024. How to establish a grading system without taking away the artistic freedom at the same time? The points should be based on creativity and musicality, a gray area that depends a lot on feeling and thus has a lot of subjectivity to it. Looking for a handy list of all sports? Click here! Throughout Paris there are all kinds of stadiums and arenas (竞技场) where sporting events are held. Not only Paris itself, but also the surrounding suburbs of the capital of France set the stage for the Olympic Games! 1. Which sport is entering the Olympics for the first time in Paris 2024? A. Olympic skateboarding. B. Olympic sports climbing. C. Olympic surfing. D. Olympic breakdancing. 2. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Olympic skateboarding requires a high level of physical strength. B. Three branches of Olympic sports climbing evaluate various sides of skills. C. All the above four Olympic events will be held in Paris. D. The scoring of Olympic breakdancing is highly objective. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A sports website. B. A health magazine. C. A travel brochure. D. An Olympic news report. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为应用文。文章结构清晰地介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中新增的几个体育项目，包括奥运滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞，提供了每个项目的基本规则、特点及注意事项等信息，旨在为读者提供关于巴黎奥运会的新项目概况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Olympic breakdancing部分中“Breakdancing is the new Olympic sport that will make its first appearance in Paris 2024 (霹雳舞是新的奥运项目，将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。)”可知，奥运霹雳舞将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Olympic sports climbing部分“With its second time entering the Olympics, sports climbing has three branches: Speed, Bouldering (抱石攀岩) and Lead. Speed is all about the speed of climbing. Bouldering is all about climbing a boulder on a wall and Lead requires athletes to climb a difficult route 20 meters high. (第二次进入奥运会的运动攀岩有三个分支：速度攀岩、抱石攀岩和难度攀岩。速度与攀岩的速度有关。抱石就是在墙上爬一块巨石，而难度攀岩则要求运动员爬一条20米高的高难度路线。)”可知，攀岩运动有三个项目：速度攀岩、抱石攀岩和难度攀岩，分别评估了攀岩速度、技巧和难度等多方面的技能。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Want to know all the ins-and-outs regarding the Paris 2024 Olympics? Then you’ve come to the right place! Below you will find all the information about the new Olympic sports. (想知道关于2024年巴黎奥运会的所有细节吗？那你来对地方了！下面你会发现所有关于新奥运项目的信息。)”可知，该文主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中的新项目，包括滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞等，提供了这些项目的具体信息。这显然是与体育赛事相关的介绍，因此最有可能来源于一个体育网站。故选A。 B US Army veteran (退伍老兵) Mazyck remembers when doctors told her she would never walk again. She’d been paralyzed from the waist down after a serious accident while parachuting (跳伞) in 2003. The doctors never said anything about floating, though. In 2021, she got to do just that. Mazyck was one of 12 participants in a Zero G flight, organized by the group AstroAccess. This type of flight recreates the weightlessness that astronauts experience without going all the way to space. Flying over the Pacific Ocean off Southern California, the modified 747 jet air plane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allowing the flyers multiple periods of weightlessness. The experience left Mazyck feeling joyful. “The flight was something that I would have never in my wildest dreams thought I would’ve experienced,” she says, “especially the floating, the weightlessness.” Traditionally, strict physical requirements have prevented paralyzed people from becoming astronauts. AstroAccess is working to make space accessible to all. “Space removes the barriers between people; now is the time to remove the barriers to space itself.” says Mazyck, “It is sending a message to people who have historically been excluded from STEM that not only is there room for you in space, there is a need for you.” During the flight, she says, the participants did experiments and made observations. They took note of the issues that people without certain disabilities might not realize. For example, people who couldn’t grip with their legs needed another way to hold themselves still while weightless. The group also experimented with signaling lights for the deaf and with ways of using braille (盲文) for the blind. These types of issues are easy enough to address. Now is the time to make space accessible— before space tourism or space settlements become commonplace. “I am so proud and addicted to what’s happening here,” Mazyck adds. “We are paving the way for the future.” 4. What do we know about AstroAccess? A. It redesigns jet airplanes. B. It offers weightlessness experience. C. It provides physical treatment. D. It trains the disabled to be astronauts. 5. Which of the following words can best describe Mazyck? A. Generous and determined. B. Caring and persistent. C. Courageous and optimistic. D. Modest and creative. 6. What is required in the flights for the participants? A. Astronaut experience. B. Steep dives and climbs. C. Weightlessness periods. D. Trials and observations. 7. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Paving the Way for the Future. B. Disabled Americans Make It to Space. C. Making Space a Place for Everyone. D. US Veterans Experience Zero G Flight. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是AstroAccess组织参与者进行失重体验，腰部瘫痪的Mazyck就是其中一名参与者。AstroAccess正在努力使所有人都能进入太空。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Mazyck was one of 12 participants in a Zero G flight, organized by the group AstroAccess. This type of flight recreates the weightlessness that astronauts experience without going all the way to space.(Mazyck是由AstroAccess组织的零重力飞行的12名参与者之一。这种类型的飞行重现了在没有进入太空的情况下宇航员所经历的失重状态。)”可知，AstroAccess提供失重体验。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““The flight was something that I would have never in my wildest dreams thought I would’ve experienced,” she says, “especially the floating, the weightlessness.”(她说：“这次飞行是我做梦也想不到自己会经历的事情，尤其是漂浮和失重的感觉。”)”以及最后一段“We are paving the way for the future.(我们正在为未来铺路。)”可推知，Mazyck是勇敢且乐观的。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“During the flight, she says, the participants did experiments and made observations.(她说，在飞行过程中，参与者做了试验和观察。)”可知，参与者的飞行要求是试验和观察。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Now is the time to make space accessible— before space tourism or space settlements become commonplace. “I am so proud and addicted to what’s happening here,” Mazyck adds. “We are paving the way for the future.”(在太空旅游或太空定居变得司空见惯之前，现在是时候让太空变得触手可及了。“我为这里发生的一切感到骄傲和沉迷，”Mazyck补充道。“我们正在为未来铺平道路。”)”可知，本文主要讲的是AstroAccess组织参与者进行失重体验，腰部瘫痪的Mazyck就是其中一名参与者，AstroAccess正在努力使所有人都能进入太空，因此最好的题目是C选项“Making Space a Place for Everyone.(让太空成为每个人的地方。)”。故选C。 C Visit the sandy beaches in California, and probably your would- be sun bathing spot is already occupied by a sea lion. There are as many as 300,000 of these marine mammals in America but their population hasn’t always been so large. Hunting and pollution throughout the years accounted for fewer than 90,000 animals by 1975. The Marine Mammal Protection Act, passed in 1972, contributes to the recovery. But now the sea lions are once again brushing up against the natural carrying capacity (容量), and scientists are starting to see some wacky changes. Ana Valenzuela Toro, an ecologist from the University of California, has one such discovery: As population size has grown, the males seem to be growing larger, while the females have remained the same size. He also finds with marine mammal population increasing, competition for resources with other individuals and species will grow, the pressures from which have lead to smaller, not bigger animals, due to harbor seals and other species of sea lions. Analyzing the carbon and nitrogen isotopes (同位素) in the animals’ bones revealed their diets and habitats, partially explaining the sex- specific trend in body size. Females have a wider variety of dietary preferences than the males, meaning that less competition possibly exists among female sea lions to drive changes in their body size. However, male sea lions not only struggle for food but must compete to mate with a limited number of females, also causing the males to grow, Valenzuela Toro said. “During their breeding season, males gather at sites occupied by females and engage in aggressive male- male fights for territorial (领土的) control, and bigger ones physically gain an advantage,” she said. As the population of sea lions grew, these fights likely broke out more and more often, and the larger winners got to pass on their genes to the next generation. Though bigger body size seemingly helps the sea lion population so far, Valenzuela Toro stressed that climate change potentially makes the trend unstable. The mammals’ diets have historically fed on sardines and anchovies, both of which are threatened by warmer oceans. Now it will take more than the Marine Mammal Protection Act to preserve these animals. 8. What does the word “wacky” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Ordinary. B. Predictable. C. Unusual. D. Pleasant. 9. Which of the following does Valenzuela Toro agree with? A. Analyzing sea lions’ diets is of little value. B. The number of sea lions should be limited. C. Female sea lions are more and more aggressive. D. Fierce competition has led to bigger male sea lions. 10. How does Valenzuela Toro feel about the future of bigger male sea lions? A. Confident. B. Worried. C. Hopeless. D. Surprised. 11. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To explain a natural phenomenon. B. To call for protection for sea lions. C. To recommend a travel destination. D. To show some challenges sea lions face. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是海狮种群数量的恢复与增长所带来的新挑战，特别是雄性海狮体型增大而雌性保持不变的性别特异性趋势，以及这种趋势背后的资源竞争和繁殖策略。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Ana Valenzuela Toro, an ecologist from the University of California, has one such discovery: As population size has grown, the males seem to be growing larger, while the females have remained the same size.(加州大学的生态学家Ana Valenzuela Toro就有这样一个发现：随着种群规模的增长，雄性似乎越来越大，而雌性却保持不变。)”可知，随着种群规模的增长，雄性似乎越来越大，而雌性却保持不变这种现象是不寻常的，划线词wacky的意思是“不寻常的”，和unusual意思相近。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“However, male sea lions not only struggle for food but must compete to mate with a limited number of females, also causing the males to grow, Valenzuela Toro said.(然而，Valenzuela Toro说，雄性海狮不仅要为食物而战，还必须与数量有限的雌性海狮竞争交配，这也导致了雄性海狮的成长。)”可知，Valenzuela Toro可能同意的是激烈的竞争导致雄性海狮体型更大。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though bigger body size seemingly helps the sea lion population so far, Valenzuela Toro stressed that climate change potentially makes the trend unstable.(虽然到目前为止，更大的体型似乎有助于海狮的数量，但Valenzuela Toro强调，气候变化可能会使这一趋势不稳定。)”可知，Valenzuela Toro对体型较大的雄性海狮的未来感到担心。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Ana Valenzuela Toro, an ecologist from the University of California, has one such discovery: As population size has grown, the males seem to be growing larger, while the females have remained the same size.(加州大学的生态学家Ana Valenzuela Toro就有这样一个发现：随着种群规模的增长，雄性似乎越来越大，而雌性却保持不变。)”，第三段“He also finds with marine mammal population increasing, competition for resources with other individuals and species will grow, the pressures from which have lead to smaller, not bigger animals, due to harbor seals and other species of sea lions.(他还发现，随着海洋哺乳动物数量的增加，与其他个体和物种之间对资源的竞争将会加剧，由于斑海豹和其他种类的海狮，这种压力导致动物体型变小，而不是变大。)”和最后一段“Though bigger body size seemingly helps the sea lion population so far, Valenzuela Toro stressed that climate change potentially makes the trend unstable.(虽然到目前为止，更大的体型似乎有助于海狮的数量，但巴伦苏埃拉·托罗强调，气候变化可能会使这一趋势不稳定。)”可知，本文主要讲的是海狮种群数量的恢复与增长所带来的新挑战，特别是雄性海狮体型增大而雌性保持不变的性别特异性趋势，以及这种趋势背后的资源竞争和繁殖策略，因此本文的目的是展示海狮面临的一些挑战。故选D。 D Survivor bias (偏见，偏差), occurs when you tend to assess successful outcomes and disregard failures. This sampling bias paints a more promising or even misleading picture of reality. Survivor bias is a sneaky problem that tends to slip into analyses unnoticed. For starters, it feels natural to emphasize success, whether it’s entrepreneurs, or survivors of a medical condition. We focus on and share these stories more than the failures. Think about the famous college dropouts who became highly successful, such as Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. These successful examples might make you think a college degree isn’t beneficial. However, that’s survivor bias at work! These famous individuals are at the forefront of media reports. You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You’re not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren’t rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well. Survivor bias has even occurred in medical studies about severe diseases. Younger, healthier, and more fit patients tend to survive a disease’s initial diagnosis more frequently. Hence, they are more likely to join medical studies. On the contrary, older, weaker patients are less likely to survive long enough to participate in studies. Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis. Undeniably, successful cases are usually more visible and easier to contact than unsuccessful cases. However, focusing on the high-performing successes and disregarding other cases introduces survivor bias. After all, you’re leaving out a significant part of the picture as it’s harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions. To minimize the impact of survivor bias, you should find ways to draw a representative sample from the population, not just a few of successful samples. That process might call for more expense and effort, but you’ll get better results. 12. What writing technique is used in Paragraphs 3 and 4? A. Making comparisons. B. Giving examples. C. Describing facts. D. Analyzing data. 13. What may occur if you have a survivor bias? A. You will take all factors into account before making a final analysis. B. You will overestimate the failure rate so you may quit your project. C. You will only have partial data and reach an incorrect conclusion. D. You will be more likely to survive in unfavorable circumstances. 14. What can we infer from the passage? A. People tend to lose sight of the overall statistics. B. People are unwilling to read unsuccessful stories. C. Doctors don’t have enough expense to collect abundant samples. D. The media should be responsible for kids’ dropping out of school. 15. What does the author suggest readers do to avoid survivor bias? A. Leave out the famous historic cases. B. Collect a wide enough range of samples. C. Focus on those most mentioned examples. D. Select some successful and inspiring tales. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幸存者偏见现象和存在的原因，以及幸存者偏见的影响。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Think about the famous college dropouts who became highly successful, such as Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. These successful examples might make you think a college degree isn’t beneficial. However, that’s survivor bias at work! These famous individuals are at the forefront of media reports. You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You’re not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren’t rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well. (想想马克·扎克伯格、史蒂夫·乔布斯和比尔·盖茨等著名的大学辍学生，他们都取得了巨大的成功。这些成功的例子可能会让你认为大学学位并没有什么好处。然而，这是幸存者偏见在起作用！这些名人都是媒体报道的热点人物。你会听到更多关于他们的消息，因为他们是非凡的。你没有考虑到其他数百万既不富有也不出名的大学辍学生。你也需要评估他们的结果。)”和第四段“Survivor bias has even occurred in medical studies about severe diseases. Younger, healthier, and more fit patients tend to survive a disease’s initial diagnosis more frequently. Hence, they are more likely to join medical studies. On the contrary, older, weaker patients are less likely to survive long enough to participate in studies. Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis. (幸存者偏见甚至出现在关于严重疾病的医学研究中。更年轻、更健康、更健康的患者往往更容易在疾病的最初诊断中存活下来。因此，他们更有可能加入医学研究。相反，年龄较大、身体较弱的患者不太可能存活足够长的时间来参与研究。因此，这些研究高估了成功的疾病结果，因为它们不太可能包括那些在诊断后不久死亡的人。)”可知，两个段落用举例说明幸存者偏见现象和原因。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第五段中“After all, you’re leaving out a significant part of the picture as it’s harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions. (毕竟，你漏掉了一个重要的部分，因为很难从人口中不太成功的成员那里收集数据。不完整的数据会影响你的决策过程。简单地说，幸存者偏见会产生不准确的样本，导致你得出不正确的结论。)”可知，如果你有幸存者偏见，你只会得到部分数据，得出错误的结论。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中“You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You’re not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren’t rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well. (你会听到更多关于他们的消息，因为他们是非凡的。你没有考虑到其他数百万既不富有也不出名的大学辍学生。你也需要评估他们的结果。)”和第四段“Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis. (因此，这些研究高估了成功的疾病结果，因为它们不太可能包括那些在诊断后不久死亡的人。)”由文章第五段中“After all, you’re leaving out a significant part of the picture as it’s harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions. (毕竟，你漏掉了一个重要的部分，因为很难从人口中不太成功的成员那里收集数据。不完整的数据会影响你的决策过程。简单地说，幸存者偏见会产生不准确的样本，导致你得出不正确的结论。)”可知，人们往往忽视了总体统计数据。故选A。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“To minimize the impact of survivor bias, you should find ways to draw a representative sample from the population, not just a few of successful samples. That process might call for more expense and effort, but you’ll get better results.(为了尽量减少幸存者偏见的影响，你应该想办法从人群中抽取一个有代表性的样本，而不仅仅是几个成功的样本。这个过程可能需要更多的花费和努力，但你会得到更好的结果。)”可知，作者建议读者收集足够广泛的样本从而避免幸存者偏见。故选B。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you frequently depressed by the feeling that life is leaving you behind particularly when you look over social media sites and are faced with all the exciting things your friends are up to? ____16____ FOMO, or Fear of Missing Out refers to the perception that other people’s lives are superior to our own. It appears as a deep sense of envy, and constant exposure to it can have a weakening effect on our self-esteem(自尊). While feelings of envy and lack of confidence seem to be human nature, social media seems to have added fuel to the fire.____17____Social media, with its built-in appeal, allows us to share only the best presentations of our life, while leaving out the more boring aspects. Although this could be characterized as dishonest, it is the atmosphere social media seems to demand. So how do we avoid being trapped into our own insecurities by social media? Consider your own social media posts.____18____Well, so have others. And what they’ve left hidden is the fact that boredom, loneliness and unpleasant chores are an unavoidable part of everyone’s life, and you’re not the only one feeling left out. ____19____You may not be a regular at fancy parties or a climber of dizzying peaks, but you have your health, a place to live and real friends who appreciate your presence in their lives. Learn to shake it off. We are all flooded daily with photos of other people’s perfections, but really, what does it matter?____20____And even if you are more easily affected than others by social media envy, all you need to do is to look around you and acknowledge that you are doing pretty well after all. A. If so, you are not alone. B. Value your friends in real life. C. Learn to appreciate the positives. D. Why does it have such a stimulating effect? E. They are probably no more real than the funniest reality TV show. F. The feeling that we are left out has long-term damaging psychological consequences. G. Have you ever chosen photos that lead others to the rosiest conclusions about your life? 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. G 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免社交媒体中的嫉妒感。 【16题详解】 根据前句“Are you frequently depressed by the feeling that life is leaving you behind particularly when you look over social media sites and are faced with all the exciting things your friends are up to?(你是否经常感到生活离你而去，尤其是当你浏览社交媒体网站时，面对着朋友们正在做的所有令人兴奋的事情?)”及下一段“FOMO, or Fear of Missing Out refers to the perception that other people’s lives are superior to our own. It appears as a deep sense of envy, and constant exposure to it can have a weakening effect on our self-esteem(自尊).(FOMO指的是别人的生活比我们自己的生活更优越的看法。它表现为一种强烈的嫉妒感，持续暴露在这种情绪下会削弱我们的自尊。)”可知，空处为承上启下句，即强烈的嫉妒感是很多人都有的感觉，引出下文对FOMO的介绍。所以选择项A“If so, you are not alone.(如果是这样，你并不孤单。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据前句“While feelings of envy and lack of confidence seem to be human nature, social media seems to have added fuel to the fire. (嫉妒和缺乏自信似乎是人类的天性，而社交媒体似乎在火上浇油。)”和后文“Social media, with its built-in appeal, allows us to share only the best presentations of our life, while leaving out the more boring aspects. Although this could be characterized as dishonest, it is the atmosphere social media seems to demand. (社交媒体，以其固有的吸引力，让我们只分享我们生活中最好的一面，而忽略了更无聊的方面。虽然这可以被定性为不诚实，但这似乎是社交媒体所需要的氛围。)”可知，空处提问社交媒体为什么会有火上浇油的刺激作用，以引出下文对其原因的介绍。所以选择项D“Why does it have such a stimulating effect? (为什么它有这样的刺激作用？)”符合上下文语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据前句“Consider your own social media posts. (考虑一下你自己的社交媒体帖子。)”和后文“Well, so have others. And what they’ve left hidden is the fact that boredom, loneliness and unpleasant chores are an unavoidable part of everyone’s life, and you’re not the only one feeling left out. (其他人也是如此。而他们所隐藏的事实是，无聊、孤独和不愉快的家务是每个人生活中不可避免的一部分，你不是唯一一个被忽略的人。)”可知，呈现在社交媒体上一般都是经过选择过的，代表生活美好方面的。所以选择项G“Have you ever chosen photos that lead others to the rosiest conclusions about your life? (你有没有选择过一些照片，让别人对你的生活得出最美好的结论？)”符合上下文语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 空处为本段主题句，根据后文“You may not be a regular at fancy parties or a climber of dizzying peaks, but you have your health, a place to live and real friends who appreciate your presence in their lives. (你可能不是高档派对的常客，也不是攀登令人眼花缭乱的高峰的人，但你有健康的身体，有居住的地方，有真正的朋友，他们会欣赏你在他们生活中的存在。)”可知，本段主要介绍要学会欣赏积极的事物。所以选择项C“Learn to appreciate the positives. (学会欣赏积极的事物。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据前句“We are all flooded daily with photos of other people’s perfections, but really, what does it matter? (我们每天都被别人完美的照片淹没，但说真的，这有什么关系呢?)”可知，我们不能社交媒体上的完美照片的影响，因为它们不一定是真实的。所以选择项E“They are probably no more real than the funniest reality TV show. (它们可能并不比最有趣的电视真人秀更真实。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 1:20 a.m. I had just gone to bed, a bit ____21____ after celebrating my 31st birthday. Before dinner, I’d placed ____22____ outside my garden door and prepared the cell phone just____23____. After all, it had been ____24____ that week, resulting in flood warnings. I was awakened by the ____25____ of rushing water. When I swung my legs off the bed, I was shocked to feel cold water already up to my knees and ____26____ fast. Shaking in darkness, I ____27____ my phone and turned on its flashlight. Then by the light I could ____28____ water was from the garden door. It must have breached (在……上打开缺口) the sandbags. The river, usually such a quiet, slow moving river in my region, had ____29____ burst its banks. And now I had to _____30_____! I took _____31_____ action. Any effects of the alcohol before sleep were gone; _____32_____ sobers (使清醒) one up. After I went outside, I learned the river had flooded the neighbourhood. Therefore, if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned. In the end, I think the experience made me _____33_____ and determined to live each day to its fullest. I came very close to drowning that day. But rather than dwell on (沉湎于) what happened, I prefer to _____34_____ what my mother told me afterwards, “Don’t remember the day when you lost everything. Remember the day you _____35_____. That day marked the beginning of a new chapter in your life.” 21. A. relieved B. drunk C. excited D. content 22. A. stones B. sandbags C. wood D. boxes 23. A. in doubt B. in advance C. in turn D. in case 24. A. thundering B. snowing C. pouring D. blowing 25. A. roar B. taste C. rhythm D. smell 26. A. appearing B. spreading C. freezing D. rising 27. A. grabbed B. charged C. dropped D. studied 28. A. realize B. guess C. see D. check 29. A. extremely B. violently C. narrowly D. certainly 30. A. get out B. check out C. calm down D. move out 31. A. brave B. immediate C. determined D. calculated 32. A. fear B. shock C. stress D. responsibility 33. A. active B. proud C. grateful D. amazed 34. A. ask B. assess C. hear D. follow 35. A. loved B. gained C. survived D. graduated 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者遭遇洪水，由于反应及时，最后得以幸存，通过这段经历作者意识到自己要心存感激，并下决心要充实地过好每一天。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是凌晨1点20分，我刚上床睡觉，庆祝了31岁生日，有点醉了。A. relieved宽慰的；B. drunk喝醉的；C. excited激动的；D. content满意的。根据倒数第二段“Any effects of the alcohol before sleep were gone. (睡前饮酒的任何影响都消失了)”可知，作者此刻有些“醉意”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚饭前，我在花园门外放了沙袋，并准备了手机以防万一。A. stones石头；B. sandbags沙袋；C. wood木头；D. boxes盒子。根据第三段原词“ the sandbags”可知作者放了“沙袋”，B选项符合题意，原词复现。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：饭前，我在花园门外放了沙袋，并准备了手机以防万一。A. in doubt怀疑；B. in advance提前；C. in turn轮流；D. in case以防万一。根据后文“resulting in flood warnings”可知，那一周有发生洪水预警，所以提前放置沙袋以防万一。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，那一周雨下得很大，洪水警报响起。A. thundering打雷；B. snowing下雪；C. pouring下大雨；D. blowing刮风。根据后文提示词“flood warnings”可知“下雨”会导致洪水预警。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被汹涌的水流声吵醒了。A. roar咆哮声，呼啸声；B. taste味道，滋味；C. rhythm节奏；D. smell气味。根据空后提示“ of rushing water”此处指“水的声音”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把腿从床上放下来时，我震惊地感觉到冷水已经没过膝盖，而且涨得很快。A. appearing出现；B. spreading传播；C. freezing冻结，结冰；D. rising上升。根据倒数第二段“Therefore, if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned. (因此，如果我几分钟后醒来，我早就淹死了)”和空前内容“cold water already up to my knees”可知，水位一直不断“上涨，上升”。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在黑暗中颤抖，我抓起我的手机并打开手电筒。A. grabbed抓；B. charged充电，控诉；C. dropped扔；D. studied学习，研究。根据空后动作“turned on its flashlight”可知，先“抓到”手机，再打开手电筒，形成动作顺序。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后透过灯光，我可以看到水是从花园门流进来。A. realize意识到；B. guess猜测；C. see看见；D. check检查。根据空前提示“by the light”可知，借助于灯光，我能够“看到”水是从花园门流进来的。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这条河，在我所在的地区通常是一条安静、缓慢流动的河流，却猛烈地决堤了。A. extremely极其；B. violently剧烈地，激烈地；C. narrowly狭隘地，勉强地；D. certainly确定地。通过空后提示“burst its banks”可知此刻家门口那条安静的河流因为暴雨，“猛烈”决堤了。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。 句意：现在我必须要出去！A. get out下车，出去；B. check out结账；C. calm down冷静；D. move out迁出，搬走。由前文可知，作者被水流声吵醒，醒来发现水已经没过膝盖，所以情况很危险，现在必须马上“出去”　，同时呼应后文动作“After I went outside”。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我立即采取了行动。A. brave勇敢的；B. immediate立即的；C. determined有决心的；D. calculated精心策划的，蓄意的。由前文内容可知，此刻情况很紧急，所以作者“立刻”采取行动。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：睡前饮酒的任何影响都消失了；恐惧使人清醒。A. fear恐惧；B. shock震惊；C. stress压力；D. responsibility责任。根据前文提示词“shaking”说明作者当时的状态是“害怕”的。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我想这段经历让我心存感激，并决心把每一天都过得充实。A. active活跃的；B. proud骄傲的；C. grateful感激的；D. amazed惊艳的。根据后文内容“determined to live each day to its fullest”可知，作者决定要充实过好每一天，所以对这段宝贵的经历心存“感激”。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但与其纠缠于发生了什么，我更愿意听从母亲事后告诉我的话：“不要记得你失去一切的那一天。记住你活下来的那一刻。那一天标志着你生命新篇章的开始。” A. ask询问；B. assess评估；C. hear听到；D. follow跟随。根据空前内容“But rather than dwell on (沉湎于) what happened, I prefer to”可知，与过去已经发生的事情形成对比，作者更愿意“跟随”母亲所说的话。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但与其纠缠于发生了什么，我更愿意听从母亲事后告诉我的话：“不要记得你失去一切的那一天。记住你活下来的那一刻。那一天标志着你生命新篇章的开始。” A. loved爱；B. gained获得；C. survived幸存；D. graduated毕业。根据空前“Don’t remember the day when you lost everything”可知，不要记住失去的，要记住“幸存”的那一刻，survive和lose形成相反关系。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Gansu Jiandu (简牍) Museum in northwest China’s Gansu Province on Sunday launched four online exhibitions related to the ancient Jiandu culture. “Jiandu” refers to the bamboo and wooden slips on which ancient Chinese people wrote ___36___ (use) ink and brushes before the invention of paper. Since 1907, over 80,000 slips ___37___ (unearth), in Gansu province, ___38___ is particularly abundant in bamboo and wooden slips, contributing to our understanding of ancient Chinese culture and knowledge. These artifacts hold significant historical, scientific, and ___39___ (art) value. Additionally, the exhibitions feature high-resolution ___40___ (image) of the museum’s cultural artifacts, accompanied by detailed text and voice explanations ___41___ (help) audiences gain a deeper understanding of the items ___42___ display, said Xu Rui, the museum’s deputy curator. The digital exhibitions also include interactive experiences such as riddle challenges and Jiandu-making games, aiming to attract young visitors, Xu said. Distinguished as China’s only provincial-level museum focusing on bamboo and wooden slips, the Gansu Jiandu Museum boasts ___43___collection of nearly 40,000 such slips ___44___ (date) back to the Qin Dynasty (221-207 B.C.) and Western Jin Dynasty (265-317). In addition, it ___45___ (house) more than 10,000 other artifacts, including paper, textiles, woodenware, lacquerware (漆器) and ironware. 【答案】36. using 37. have been unearthed 38. which 39. artistic 40. images 41. to help 42. on 43. a 44. dating 45. houses 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了甘肃简牍博物馆的四个网上展览。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“简牍”指的是中国古代人在纸发明之前用墨水和毛笔在竹木片上写的文字。定语从句“on which ancient Chinese people wrote ___ (use) ink and brushes before the invention of paper”的谓语为wrote，此处应用非谓语动词，且people与use“用”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填using。 【37题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：自1907年以来，甘肃省出土了8万多张简牍，其中竹简和木简尤其丰富，有助于我们了解中国古代文化和知识。unearth意为“使出土，挖掘”，是动词，由时间状语Since 1907可知，此句时态用现在完成时，且主语slips与unearth为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，且slips是复数，助动词用have。故填have been unearthed。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：自1907年以来，甘肃省出土了8万多张简牍，其中竹简和木简尤其丰富，有助于我们了解中国古代文化和知识。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Gansu province，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些文物具有重要的历史、科学和艺术价值。根据句意可知，此处指“艺术价值”，用形容词修饰名词value，art意为“艺术”，是名词，其形容词是artistic，意为“艺术的”。故填artistic。 【40题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：此外，博物馆副馆长徐睿表示，这些展览还展示了博物馆文物的高分辨率图像，并配有详细的文字和语音解释，以帮助观众更深入地了解展出的物品。 image意为“图像”，是可数名词，此处不是单指一个图像，所以用复数形式。故填images。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，博物馆副馆长徐睿表示，这些展览还展示了博物馆文物的高分辨率图像，并配有详细的文字和语音解释，以帮助观众更深入地了解展出的物品。本句谓语为feature，此处应用非谓语动词，且the exhibitions与help“帮助”为主动关系，应用动词不定式的主动形式，作目的状语。故填to help。 【42题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：此外，博物馆副馆长徐睿表示，这些展览还展示了博物馆文物的高分辨率图像，并配有详细的文字和语音解释，以帮助观众更深入地了解展出的物品。on display意为“展出”，是固定短语。故填on。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为中国唯一一家专注于竹简和木简的省级博物馆，甘肃建都博物馆收藏了近4万件竹简，可以追溯到秦朝(公元前221-207年)和西晋(265-317年)。collection意为“收藏品”，是可数名词，此处泛指“一批收藏品”，所以用不定冠词，collection是以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为中国唯一一家专注于竹简和木简的省级博物馆，甘肃建都博物馆收藏了近4万件竹简，可以追溯到秦朝(公元前221-207年)和西晋(265-317年)。date back to意为“追溯到”，是固定短语。本句谓语为boasts，此处应用非谓语动词，且a collection of nearly 40,000 such slips与date back to为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填 dating。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，它还收藏了一万多件其他文物，包括纸张、纺织品、木器、漆器和铁器。house意为“收藏”，是动词，分析句子结构可知，此句缺少谓语动词，结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填houses。 第三节 单句填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面句子，根据所给汉语或单词提示，填出单词的正确形式。 46. Travelers should not feed the wild animals in a close distance because they may a________ people. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】attack##ttack 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：旅行者不应在近距离喂食野生动物，因为它们可能会攻击人。根据句意和首字母提示“a”可知，此处应填动词attack，表示“攻击”。情态动词后接动词原形。故填attack。 47. It is very c________ to travel in Chongqing by underground. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】convenient##onvenient 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在重庆乘地铁旅行非常方便。本空用形容词convenient“方便的”，作表语。故填convenient。 48. They live on food supplied by the organization which came into e________ decades of years ago. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】existence##xistence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们靠这个几十年前成立的组织提供的食物生活。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处应填名词existence，表示“存在”作宾语，come into existence成立，建立 。固定短语。故答案为existence。 49. He is such a c________boy always asking questions. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】 curious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是个很好奇的孩子，总是问问题。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词boy，跟后首字母c提示和空后“always asking questions”可知， curious好奇的，形容词，符合题意。故填curious。 50. I asked him if he was tired or not. I was very c________ about him but he said no problems. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】concerned##oncerned 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我问他是否累了。我很担心他，但他说没问题。分析句意再根据首字母提示可知，此处用形容词concerned作表语构成固定短语be concerned about表示“对……担心”。故填concerned。 51. I was so a _____ in reading the exciting novel that I lost track of time. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】absorbed##bsorbed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我全神贯注于阅读这部激动人心的小说，以致于忘记了时间。根据句意及首字母提示可知，空处应填形容词absorbed“全神贯注的”在句中作表语，be absorbed in“全神贯注于”。故填absorbed。 52. You don’t have to sacrifice environmental protection to p ________economic growth. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】promote##romote 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：你不必牺牲环境保护来促进经济增长。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处意为“促进”，故应用动词promote，且此处为不定式to do作目的状语，故填promote。 53. Within six months, Lin Qiaozhi was named a chief resident p________, a position that usually took four years to achieve. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】physician##hysician 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在六个月内，林巧稚被任命为首席住院医师，这一职位通常需要四年时间才能实现。根据前文a chief resident 并结合首字母，此处使用名词physician意为“医师”，冠词a后用单数名词，故填physician。 54. He is very __________ (慷慨的) and he often buys some snacks for the homeless. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】generous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他非常感慨，经常给无家可归的人买些零食。根据汉语提示及“He is very”可知，空处需填形容词作表语，generous作形容词，表示“慷慨的”，符合句意。故填generous。 55. Only a small amount of money will be ________(收费) for breaking the window in the classroom. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】charged 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：只会因为打破教室的窗户而收取少量费用。根据汉语提示可知应填动词charge，且与主语构成被动关系，故空处填过去分词和will be构成被动语态。故填charged。 56. To my great ________ (满意), I solve the puzzled problem perfectly. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】satisfaction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：让我非常满意的是，我完美地解决了这个棘手的问题。此处应该使用名词satisfaction“满意”，作介词To的宾语。故填satisfaction。 57. The government is understandably unwilling to do anything that might destroy the ________ (和谐的) relations between the country’s ethnic groups. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】harmonious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：可以理解，政府不愿做任何可能破坏该国各民族之间和谐关系的事情。根据汉语提示和空格后的名词relations可知，空格处应该用形容词harmonious作定语，修饰后面的名词。故填harmonious。 58. One example is the __________ (典型) Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】typical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一个例子是典型的中国春节习俗燃放鞭炮驱邪。根据汉语提示“典型的”可知，此处为形容词typical，作定语，修饰名词custom。故填typical。 59. The feeling created by the smile reminded her of something very ________ (熟悉的).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】familiar 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：微笑给她带来的感觉让她想起了一些熟悉的东西。根据汉语提示“熟悉的”和前文something可知，此处应用形容词familiar作后置定语，修饰不定代词。故填familiar。 60. Science may be able to provide some explanations of those unusual ________ (现象). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】phenomena 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：科学也许能对那些不寻常的现象提供一些解释。本空用名词phenomenon“现象”，根据those可知，此处用复数形式，作of的宾语。故填phenomena。 第四部分 写作（满分25分） 61. 假定下周六晚上你校将举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会，你是音乐社团的负责人李华，准备在本周各社团集中时做一个活动安排的通知，内容包括： 1. 音乐会的具体时间和地点； 2. 音乐会的主要安排； 3. 欢迎大家参加。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100个左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Notice Boys and girls, Aiming to enrich our extracurricular activities, our school will hold a musical concert, which is scheduled to be held in the school gym next Saturday, from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. During the concert we can appreciate not only classical folk music of China and western countries, but some music originally composed by gifted students. And you will be impressed by the combination of Chinese folk music with western musical instruments. Welcome everyone to this fantastic concert! Believe me, it will be so wonderful that you can’t miss it! Music Club 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一个关于学校将要举办的一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会活动安排的通知。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host 欣赏：appreciate→admire 有才能的：gifted→talented 错过：miss→pass up 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：During the concert, we can appreciate not only classical folk music of China and western countries, but some music originally composed by gifted students. 拓展句：During the concert, we can appreciate not only classical folk music from both China and western countries, but also some music that was originally composed by gifted students. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Aiming to enrich our extracurricular activities, our school will hold a musical concert, which is scheduled to be held in the school gym next Saturday, from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Believe me, it will be so wonderful that you can’t miss it! (运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 西北狼教育联盟2024年秋季开学学业调研 高二英语试题 考试时间120分钟。满分150分。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。 2. 作答时，全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，只交答题卡，试卷由考生带走。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man mean? A. It’s not easy to take care of fish. B. It’s expensive to keep fish as pets. C. Keeping fish is harder than keeping dogs. 2. What did the woman forget? A. Where the man is living. B. When the man called her. C. How long the man had been traveling. 3. What is the woman going to do this Sunday? A. Work in the city. B. Care for her niece. C. Pick fruit on the farm. 4. How many times has the man gone to the woman’s house? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Photographing oneself. B. A new kind of camera. C. Different social media. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman like the local library? A. She can go there easily. B. She began to love reading there. C. She has made some friends there. 7. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Help people get to the library. B. Go to the library with his children. C. Write to the newspaper about the local library. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Writer and publisher. B. Professor and student. C. Shop owner and customer. 9. What does the man think of the shop owner’s character? A. It is realistic. B. It has magical powers. C. It is similar to other characters. 10. What is the woman’s advice? A. Adding more chapters. B. Introducing another series. C. Changing the names of some characters. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the man want to buy? A. A bus ticket. B. A train ticket. C. An airline ticket. 12. Which information can be found on the travel website? A. The payment method. B. The phone number. C. The travel arrangements. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Call the travel agent. B. Have something to drink. C. Ask Mike for some details. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the woman drive her car here? A. To replace the tires. B. To check the engine problems. C. To get a 50,000- mile service on her car. 15. What does the man mean by mentioning his kids? A. He’s got a lot of problems with them. B. They should not be allowed to sit in the back. C. He’s got into the same situation as the woman. 16. What will the woman do next? A. Head to the waiting room. B. Give the man her keys. C. Take her car home. 17. Where are the speakers? A. In a car factory. B. At a car wash. C. In a parking lot. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker do for a living? A. He’s a rescuer. B. He’s a driver. C. He’s a professor. 19. Where is the speaker from? A. England. B. Thailand. C. Australia. 20. Why is the speaker telling this story? A. To show his work skills. B. To inspire himself to do great things. C. To remind the listeners of their mission. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Want to know all the ins-and-outs regarding the Paris 2024 Olympics? Then you’ve come to the right place! Below you will find all the information about the new Olympic sports. Olympic skateboarding Who will follow in the footsteps of Momiji Nishiya, the first Olympic skateboarding champion, who was crowned at the last Games at the age of 13? The answer will be revealed in Paris this summer. Speed, technique, mastery of the board will be required to successfully perform the most beautiful tricks. Olympic sports climbing With its second time entering the Olympics, sports climbing has three branches: Speed, Bouldering (抱石攀岩) and Lead. Speed is all about the speed of climbing. Bouldering is all about climbing a boulder on a wall and Lead requires athletes to climb a difficult route 20 meters high. Olympic surfing The Olympics will be held in Paris, but what about Olympic surfing? There is one venue (场地) that is literally on the other side of the world. The location Teahupoo, on the island of Tahiti, is where Olympic surfing will take place. This island is part of French Polynesia, between Australia and South America. Olympic breakdancing Breakdancing is the new Olympic sport that will make its first appearance in Paris 2024. How to establish a grading system without taking away the artistic freedom at the same time? The points should be based on creativity and musicality, a gray area that depends a lot on feeling and thus has a lot of subjectivity to it. Looking for a handy list of all sports? Click here! Throughout Paris there are all kinds of stadiums and arenas (竞技场) where sporting events are held. Not only Paris itself, but also the surrounding suburbs of the capital of France set the stage for the Olympic Games! 1. Which sport is entering the Olympics for the first time in Paris 2024? A. Olympic skateboarding. B. Olympic sports climbing. C. Olympic surfing. D. Olympic breakdancing. 2. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Olympic skateboarding requires a high level of physical strength. B. Three branches of Olympic sports climbing evaluate various sides of skills. C. All the above four Olympic events will be held in Paris. D. The scoring of Olympic breakdancing is highly objective. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A sports website. B. A health magazine. C. A travel brochure. D. An Olympic news report. B US Army veteran (退伍老兵) Mazyck remembers when doctors told her she would never walk again. She’d been paralyzed from the waist down after a serious accident while parachuting (跳伞) in 2003. The doctors never said anything about floating, though. In 2021, she got to do just that. Mazyck was one of 12 participants in a Zero G flight, organized by the group AstroAccess. This type of flight recreates the weightlessness that astronauts experience without going all the way to space. Flying over the Pacific Ocean off Southern California, the modified 747 jet air plane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allowing the flyers multiple periods of weightlessness. The experience left Mazyck feeling joyful. “The flight was something that I would have never in my wildest dreams thought I would’ve experienced,” she says, “especially the floating, the weightlessness.” Traditionally, strict physical requirements have prevented paralyzed people from becoming astronauts. AstroAccess is working to make space accessible to all. “Space removes the barriers between people; now is the time to remove the barriers to space itself.” says Mazyck, “It is sending a message to people who have historically been excluded from STEM that not only is there room for you in space, there is a need for you.” During the flight, she says, the participants did experiments and made observations. They took note of the issues that people without certain disabilities might not realize. For example, people who couldn’t grip with their legs needed another way to hold themselves still while weightless. The group also experimented with signaling lights for the deaf and with ways of using braille (盲文) for the blind. These types of issues are easy enough to address. Now is the time to make space accessible— before space tourism or space settlements become commonplace. “I am so proud and addicted to what’s happening here,” Mazyck adds. “We are paving the way for the future.” 4. What do we know about AstroAccess? A. It redesigns jet airplanes. B. It offers weightlessness experience. C. It provides physical treatment. D. It trains the disabled to be astronauts. 5. Which of the following words can best describe Mazyck? A. Generous and determined. B. Caring and persistent. C. Courageous and optimistic. D. Modest and creative. 6. What is required in the flights for the participants? A. Astronaut experience. B. Steep dives and climbs. C. Weightlessness periods. D. Trials and observations. 7. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Paving the Way for the Future. B. Disabled Americans Make It to Space. C. Making Space a Place for Everyone. D. US Veterans Experience Zero G Flight. C Visit the sandy beaches in California, and probably your would- be sun bathing spot is already occupied by a sea lion. There are as many as 300,000 of these marine mammals in America but their population hasn’t always been so large. Hunting and pollution throughout the years accounted for fewer than 90,000 animals by 1975. The Marine Mammal Protection Act, passed in 1972, contributes to the recovery. But now the sea lions are once again brushing up against the natural carrying capacity (容量), and scientists are starting to see some wacky changes. Ana Valenzuela Toro, an ecologist from the University of California, has one such discovery: As population size has grown, the males seem to be growing larger, while the females have remained the same size. He also finds with marine mammal population increasing, competition for resources with other individuals and species will grow, the pressures from which have lead to smaller, not bigger animals, due to harbor seals and other species of sea lions. Analyzing the carbon and nitrogen isotopes (同位素) in the animals’ bones revealed their diets and habitats, partially explaining the sex- specific trend in body size. Females have a wider variety of dietary preferences than the males, meaning that less competition possibly exists among female sea lions to drive changes in their body size. However, male sea lions not only struggle for food but must compete to mate with a limited number of females, also causing the males to grow, Valenzuela Toro said. “During their breeding season, males gather at sites occupied by females and engage in aggressive male- male fights for territorial (领土的) control, and bigger ones physically gain an advantage,” she said. As the population of sea lions grew, these fights likely broke out more and more often, and the larger winners got to pass on their genes to the next generation. Though bigger body size seemingly helps the sea lion population so far, Valenzuela Toro stressed that climate change potentially makes the trend unstable. The mammals’ diets have historically fed on sardines and anchovies, both of which are threatened by warmer oceans. Now it will take more than the Marine Mammal Protection Act to preserve these animals. 8. What does the word “wacky” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean? A Ordinary. B. Predictable. C. Unusual. D. Pleasant. 9. Which of the following does Valenzuela Toro agree with? A. Analyzing sea lions’ diets is of little value. B. The number of sea lions should be limited. C. Female sea lions are more and more aggressive. D Fierce competition has led to bigger male sea lions. 10. How does Valenzuela Toro feel about the future of bigger male sea lions? A. Confident. B. Worried. C. Hopeless. D. Surprised. 11. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To explain a natural phenomenon. B. To call for protection for sea lions. C. To recommend a travel destination. D. To show some challenges sea lions face. D Survivor bias (偏见，偏差), occurs when you tend to assess successful outcomes and disregard failures. This sampling bias paints a more promising or even misleading picture of reality. Survivor bias is a sneaky problem that tends to slip into analyses unnoticed. For starters, it feels natural to emphasize success, whether it’s entrepreneurs, or survivors of a medical condition. We focus on and share these stories more than the failures. Think about the famous college dropouts who became highly successful, such as Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. These successful examples might make you think a college degree isn’t beneficial. However, that’s survivor bias at work! These famous individuals are at the forefront of media reports. You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You’re not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren’t rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well. Survivor bias has even occurred in medical studies about severe diseases. Younger, healthier, and more fit patients tend to survive a disease’s initial diagnosis more frequently. Hence, they are more likely to join medical studies. On the contrary, older, weaker patients are less likely to survive long enough to participate in studies. Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis. Undeniably, successful cases are usually more visible and easier to contact than unsuccessful cases. However, focusing on the high-performing successes and disregarding other cases introduces survivor bias. After all, you’re leaving out a significant part of the picture as it’s harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions. To minimize the impact of survivor bias, you should find ways to draw a representative sample from the population, not just a few of successful samples. That process might call for more expense and effort, but you’ll get better results. 12. What writing technique is used in Paragraphs 3 and 4? A. Making comparisons. B. Giving examples. C. Describing facts. D. Analyzing data. 13. What may occur if you have a survivor bias? A. You will take all factors into account before making a final analysis. B. You will overestimate the failure rate so you may quit your project. C. You will only have partial data and reach an incorrect conclusion. D. You will be more likely to survive in unfavorable circumstances. 14. What can we infer from the passage? A. People tend to lose sight of the overall statistics. B. People are unwilling to read unsuccessful stories. C. Doctors don’t have enough expense to collect abundant samples. D. The media should be responsible for kids’ dropping out of school. 15. What does the author suggest readers do to avoid survivor bias? A. Leave out the famous historic cases. B. Collect a wide enough range of samples. C. Focus on those most mentioned examples. D. Select some successful and inspiring tales. 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you frequently depressed by the feeling that life is leaving you behind particularly when you look over social media sites and are faced with all the exciting things your friends are up to? ____16____ FOMO, or Fear of Missing Out refers to the perception that other people’s lives are superior to our own. It appears as a deep sense of envy, and constant exposure to it can have a weakening effect on our self-esteem(自尊). While feelings of envy and lack of confidence seem to be human nature, social media seems to have added fuel to the fire.____17____Social media, with its built-in appeal, allows us to share only the best presentations of our life, while leaving out the more boring aspects. Although this could be characterized as dishonest, it is the atmosphere social media seems to demand. So how do we avoid being trapped into our own insecurities by social media? Consider your own social media posts.____18____Well, so have others. And what they’ve left hidden is the fact that boredom, loneliness and unpleasant chores are an unavoidable part of everyone’s life, and you’re not the only one feeling left out. ____19____You may not be a regular at fancy parties or a climber of dizzying peaks, but you have your health, a place to live and real friends who appreciate your presence in their lives. Learn to shake it off. We are all flooded daily with photos of other people’s perfections, but really, what does it matter?____20____And even if you are more easily affected than others by social media envy, all you need to do is to look around you and acknowledge that you are doing pretty well after all. A. If so, you are not alone. B. Value your friends in real life. C. Learn to appreciate the positives. D. Why does it have such a stimulating effect? E. They are probably no more real than the funniest reality TV show. F The feeling that we are left out has long-term damaging psychological consequences. G. Have you ever chosen photos that lead others to the rosiest conclusions about your life? 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 1:20 a.m. I had just gone to bed, a bit ____21____ after celebrating my 31st birthday. Before dinner, I’d placed ____22____ outside my garden door and prepared the cell phone just____23____. After all, it had been ____24____ that week, resulting in flood warnings. I was awakened by the ____25____ of rushing water. When I swung my legs off the bed, I was shocked to feel cold water already up to my knees and ____26____ fast. Shaking in darkness, I ____27____ my phone and turned on its flashlight. Then by the light I could ____28____ water was from the garden door. It must have breached (在……上打开缺口) the sandbags. The river, usually such a quiet, slow moving river in my region, had ____29____ burst its banks. And now I had to _____30_____! I took _____31_____ action. Any effects of the alcohol before sleep were gone; _____32_____ sobers (使清醒) one up. After I went outside, I learned the river had flooded the neighbourhood. Therefore, if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned. In the end, I think the experience made me _____33_____ and determined to live each day to its fullest. I came very close to drowning that day. But rather than dwell on (沉湎于) what happened, I prefer to _____34_____ what my mother told me afterwards, “Don’t remember the day when you lost everything. Remember the day you _____35_____. That day marked the beginning of a new chapter in your life.” 21 A. relieved B. drunk C. excited D. content 22. A. stones B. sandbags C. wood D. boxes 23. A. in doubt B. in advance C. in turn D. in case 24. A. thundering B. snowing C. pouring D. blowing 25. A. roar B. taste C. rhythm D. smell 26. A. appearing B. spreading C. freezing D. rising 27. A. grabbed B. charged C. dropped D. studied 28. A. realize B. guess C. see D. check 29. A. extremely B. violently C. narrowly D. certainly 30. A. get out B. check out C. calm down D. move out 31. A. brave B. immediate C. determined D. calculated 32. A. fear B. shock C. stress D. responsibility 33. A. active B. proud C. grateful D. amazed 34. A. ask B. assess C. hear D. follow 35. A. loved B. gained C. survived D. graduated 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Gansu Jiandu (简牍) Museum in northwest China’s Gansu Province on Sunday launched four online exhibitions related to the ancient Jiandu culture. “Jiandu” refers to the bamboo and wooden slips on which ancient Chinese people wrote ___36___ (use) ink and brushes before the invention of paper. Since 1907, over 80,000 slips ___37___ (unearth), in Gansu province, ___38___ is particularly abundant in bamboo and wooden slips, contributing to our understanding of ancient Chinese culture and knowledge. These artifacts hold significant historical, scientific, and ___39___ (art) value. Additionally, the exhibitions feature high-resolution ___40___ (image) of the museum’s cultural artifacts, accompanied by detailed text and voice explanations ___41___ (help) audiences gain a deeper understanding of the items ___42___ display, said Xu Rui, the museum’s deputy curator. The digital exhibitions also include interactive experiences such as riddle challenges and Jiandu-making games, aiming to attract young visitors, Xu said. Distinguished as China’s only provincial-level museum focusing on bamboo and wooden slips, the Gansu Jiandu Museum boasts ___43___collection of nearly 40,000 such slips ___44___ (date) back to the Qin Dynasty (221-207 B.C.) and Western Jin Dynasty (265-317). In addition, it ___45___ (house) more than 10,000 other artifacts, including paper, textiles, woodenware, lacquerware (漆器) and ironware. 第三节 单句填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面句子，根据所给汉语或单词提示，填出单词的正确形式。 46. Travelers should not feed the wild animals in a close distance because they may a________ people. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. It is very c________ to travel in Chongqing by underground. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. They live on food supplied by the organization which came into e________ decades of years ago. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49 He is such a c________boy always asking questions. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. I asked him if he was tired or not. I was very c________ about him but he said no problems. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. I was so a _____ in reading the exciting novel that I lost track of time. (根据首字母单词拼写) 52. You don’t have to sacrifice environmental protection to p ________economic growth. (根据首字母单词拼写) 53. Within six months, Lin Qiaozhi was named a chief resident p________, a position that usually took four years to achieve. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54. He is very __________ (慷慨的) and he often buys some snacks for the homeless. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. Only a small amount of money will be ________(收费) for breaking the window in the classroom. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. To my great ________ (满意), I solve the puzzled problem perfectly. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. The government is understandably unwilling to do anything that might destroy the ________ (和谐的) relations between the country’s ethnic groups. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. One example is the __________ (典型的) Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. The feeling created by the smile reminded her of something very ________ (熟悉的).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 60. Science may be able to provide some explanations of those unusual ________ (现象). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作（满分25分） 61. 假定下周六晚上你校将举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会，你是音乐社团的负责人李华，准备在本周各社团集中时做一个活动安排的通知，内容包括： 1. 音乐会的具体时间和地点； 2. 音乐会的主要安排； 3. 欢迎大家参加。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100个左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$