Unit 3 Festivals and Customs Extended reading 课文原文语法填空+练习题-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版(2020)必修第二册

必修二 Unit 3 extended reading重点词汇 A precious family dinner It is just past five o’clock on the Chinese New Year’s Eve, and the dinner table is already covered 1.______ white china plates and bowls, full of all sorts of dishes: chicken, duck, pork, fish and vegetables. Luo Yan, 29, lifts the cover of a large bowl to breathe in the rich smell of the soup his wife and mother have prepared. Luo Yan’s son, Bofeng, happily takes a bite of the chicken his grandfather 2.______ (select) for him. Six-year-old Bofeng has not seen his grandparents for almost a year, and he is full of joy and 3.______ (excite). Indeed, the whole family could not be happier to be together. 4.______ the cold outside, their happy faces fill the air with 5._________(warm) while merry laughter rings throughout the house. Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city, far away from their hometown. Every year, they travel back for the Spring Festival, for their dream of “three 6.___________(generation) under the same roof”. The Luo family’s journey back to their hometown was a long and 7.______ (tire) one just a few years ago. However, the high-speed train has made it much 8.______ (convenient) for them to go back home. During the five-hour trip, they chatted excitedly with each other, their minds full of thoughts about their sweet home. On their 9.______ (arrive), they find Luo’s parents eagerly waiting for them. Their home has been specially decorated for the joyous occasion. From the neat designs of the paper-cuttings on the windows, to the Spring Festival couplets on the door, and to the New Year paintings on the wall, everything represents joy, luck and happiness. Even the fish on the plate expresses a hope for nian nian you yu—yu means both “fish” and “plenty” in Chinese—”May you get more than you wish for every year”. After dinner, the hours until midnight go slowly by. The whole family are going to stay up late on the Chinese New Year’s Eve. They gather around the television to watch the Spring Festival Gala, 10.______ eating snacks, chatting with each other and making dumplings that they will eat at the very start of the new year. In the warmth and comfort of the room, Luo Yan talks about his plan for the future. “I hope we won’t have to be separated again,” he says, 10.______ (look) at his ageing parents.” My parents are getting old, and we should spend more time with them. We’ll come back more frequently and we’re also considering taking them to the city to live with us.11._________all, home is where all family members are together.” As midnight approaches, Luo Yan takes his parents, wife and son outside to set 12.________ firecrackers.The whole village is lit up with colourful fireworks. All over the country, people are 13._________(celebrate) their good fortune, celebrating their family’s togetherness, and celebrating their nation’s strength. 参考译文 弥足珍贵的团圆饭 除夕刚过五点钟，饭桌上已经摆满了白瓷碗碟、鸡鸭鱼肉和蔬菜，满满当当的各色菜肴。二十九岁的罗言 掀开一个大碗的盖子，嗅着母亲和妻子煲的汤所散发出的浓香。他的儿子博峰美滋滋地咬了一口爷爷给挑 好的鸡肉。 六岁的博峰都快一年没见爷爷奶奶了，他满心喜悦和激动。的确，一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。虽然外面天寒地冻，他们幸福的脸庞却让屋内的空气暖洋洋的，欢声笑语处处可闻。罗言一家三口已经在大城市定居，离家乡很远。不过，他们每年都回老家过春节，以实现他们“三代同堂”的梦想。 几年前，罗言一家的回乡之旅还是漫长而劳顿的。如今有了高铁，回趟家就方便多了。五个小时的旅途，三人兴高采烈地聊着天，心中想的全是甜蜜的家。 刚到家，他们就发现父母早就翘首以待了。家中已经为这个喜庆的场合特别布置了一番。从窗上贴得整整齐齐的剪纸，到门上的春联，再到墙上的年画，无不象征着欢乐、吉祥和幸福。就连盘中的那条鱼也表达了对年年有余的企盼--在汉语中“鱼”“余”谐音--祝愿每年的收获都能多于期望。 年夜饭后到午夜前的这几个小时缓慢地流淌着。除夕之夜，一家人都要熬夜守岁。他们围坐在电视机前看春节联欢晚会，一边吃着零食，聊着天，一边包着新年伊始要吃的饺子。在温暖舒适的房间中，罗言讲了他未来的打算。“我希望我们不用再分开了，”他看着年迈的父母，“我爸妈年纪大了，我们应该多陪陪他们。 我们会回家回得更勤一点，也考虑着把二老接到城里，跟我们一起生活。不管怎么说，一家人在哪，哪就是家。” 午夜将至，罗言带着父母妻儿到屋外放鞭炮。五颜六色的烟花把整个村子都照亮了。举国上下，人们都在庆祝自己的好福气，庆祝合家团聚，庆祝祖国富强。 1． 单句语法填空 1. He believed that his son was capable__________ analyzing and solving the problem. 2. Taking her with me on official __________ (occasion) has been a challenge. 3. After days of  __________(reflect) she decided to write back.  4. Bombs had hit the building a number of times but ___________ (fortune) no one was hurt. 5. To enjoy the __________ (convenient) of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 6. A ____________ (represent) is a person who has been chosen to act or make decisions on behalf of another person or a group of people. 7. Our rapidly changing workplace makes __________necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills. 8. With so many problems __________ (settle) every day, I feel greatly stressed. 9. Even though the book was helpful, however, I still feel __________ (confuse). 10. Which departments do you__________(current) communicate with? 2． 短语填空（适当形式填空） be covered with; stay up late; select...for...; set off; breathe in; on one's arrival; all sorts of; settle in; take a bite of; light up; 1. It is traditional to eat spring pancakes on the Beginning of Spring. ______________ the pancake with fresh vegetables rolled in it means to take in the vigor(活力) and energy of spring. 2. After many tests, John ______________ the team, though he realized that he could achieve more than he had expected. 3. Adding salt to the chemical solution(溶液) ________________ a chain reaction, producing a great amount of heat and light. 4. Next door to mine live a black couple, who seem to ______________ this community for quite a long time. 5. In large cities people ________________ dangerous gases from cars, which possibly lead to illness and even death. 6. The Internet has made our life unbelievably convenient, with ______________ goods and foods provided by e­commerce. 7. I really don't want to work overtime to __________________. Now the happiest thing is sleeping! 8. Opposite the Old Town of Lijiang is 5, 596­meter Yulong Snow Mountain, its top ____________ snow. 9. ________________, the guests were greeted politely by the manager, and were accommodated in the best hotel. 10. Her face ________________ with joy when she heard the good news that we would go hiking the next day. 3． 语法填空 Chinese New Year, 1.________ starts on the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar (阴历), is considered as China's most important holiday. It 2.________ (know) as the Spring Festival. The Spring Festival starts at the beginning of the new moon. It often happens between January and February. It 3.________ (last) until the Festival of Lanterns (元宵节), which gives everyone plenty of time for celebration. 4．________ (traditional), red envelopes with money in are gifts during the Spring Festival celebrations. It's 5.________ custom which goes back to ancient times. However, when the tradition 6.________ (start) is unknown. Whatever the reason is, the red envelope is an important part of Chinese New Year to this day. The firework is another big part of Chinese New Year. A 7.________ (write) shared the following story on a website. An old man saved a town from a terrible monster (怪兽) by throwing bamboo 8.________ (stick) into the fire. The explosion (爆炸声) caused by the bamboo frightened off the monster. As a result, Chinese people set 9.________ fireworks during Chinese New Year celebrations 10.________ (avoid) the evil spirits of the past. 四．阅读理解 C Childhood memories of climbing trees or making daisy chains (雏菊花环) are becoming increasingly rare, according to a new survey, as the younger generation are robbed of outdoor experiences. The survey of 1,000 people found that the current generation of 15 to 34-year-olds have fewer memories of 12 key countryside activities, such as swimming in rivers or digging holes at the beach. The research found that three quarters of the older generation remember playing games or climbing trees, compared to two thirds of younger adults. The 55-plus generation also have more memories of collecting fossils (化石), visiting farms, or pond dipping. Altogether, two thirds of older people have memories of playing outdoors, compared to just over half of the younger generation. The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) carried out the study at the start of the school term to stress the growing concern that children are not getting outdoors enough. The study found that 82% of people think that schools should provide more outdoor education, and most believe nature is still important to children today. Dr. Mike Clarke, Chief Executive of the RSPB, says children who are kept indoors suffer from “nature deficit disorder (自然缺失症)”. He says public funding (资金) should be used by the government to take children on day trips to nature reserves. “To many people, it seems obvious that an important part of childhood is exploring the world. Unfortunately, this is far from the case, and the amount of time and contact children are having with nature is on the decrease,” he says. “The RSPB has more than 40 years of history in getting children outdoors, and is committed to continuing to play its part. We now need the government and schools to recognize the important role the public believes they should play, in enabling all children to experience, enjoy and benefit from contact with the natural environment.” 8. Compared with the current generation, the older generation___________. A. had fewer chances to visit big cities B. had more homework when they were kids C. are more willing to live in the countryside D. have more memories of outdoor activities 9. Why did the RSPB carry out the study? A. To increase people’s concern about children’s lack of outdoor activities. B. To increase people’s concern about the protection of wildlife. C. To call for people to spend more time with their kids. D. To bring the growth of children to people’s attention. 10. How does Dr. Mike Clarke advise the government to solve this problem? A. By offering new outdoor sources for kids. B. By building more nature reserves for kids. C. By giving money to help kids visit natural reserves. D. By stressing the importance of kids going outside. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Children have little contact with nature at present. B. The RSPB is leading the way in getting kids outdoors. C. Schools are uninterested in spending money getting kids outdoors. D. Schools have been stressing the importance of nature to children. D When your alarm clock rings and you drag yourself out of bed, you probably wonder: Why on earth does school have to start so early? Fortunately, there is a new law to back you up — or better still, science. A law in California, passed on Oct 13, requires that public middle schools begin classes no earlier than 8:00 am and that high schools start no earlier than 8:30 am. The law will go into effect by November 1, 2022. Starting school at 8:00 or 8:30 in the morning may not sound like too big of a change, but it could mean one more hour of sleep for students who used to start school at 7:30 or even earlier. “The effect of that one hour is something they will be feeling as 40-year-old adults,” Sumit Bhargava, a sleep expert at Stanford University, told The New York Times. He said that not having enough sleep can affect students’ mental health and increase the risk of being overweight and diabetes (糖尿病). In the short run, students’ school performances should improve almost immediately. Kyla Wahlstrom, a researcher at the University of Minnesota’s College of Education, found that students who have enough sleep are alert in class and get much more satisfying grades. Some might say that asking students to go to bed earlier could have been a much easier solution than changing the school timetable across an entire state. But according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, teenagers go through biological changes when they enter puberty (青春期), which makes it difficult for them to fall asleep before 11:00 pm. So when school starts at 8:00 or earlier, they can hardly get the ideal 8.5 - 9.5 hours of sleep that experts suggest they need to do their best in the daytime. This is why when the new law came out, its author, Anthony Portantino, said, “Generations of children will come to appreciate this historic day and our governor for taking action.” 12. Which of the following is TRUE about the law? A. The law has not been put into practice yet. B. The law will be passed by November 1, 2022. C. The law is made by a university in California. D. The law requires schools to start later than 8:30 am. 13. What can we learn from Bhargava’s words? A. The new law is of lasting benefit to students. B. Lack of sleep affects adults more than children. C. The amount of sleep people need changes with age. D. Enough sleep makes sure that students are mentally healthy. 14. What does the underlined word “alert” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Friendly. B. Honest. C. Calm. D. Sharp. 15. What’s the text mainly about? A. Lack of sleep could lead to health problems. B. California is pushing back school start times. C. A law to start the school day later takes effect. D. Teenagers’ biological changes affect their sleep patterns. 10/10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修二 Unit 3 extended reading重点词汇 A precious family dinner It is just past five o’clock on the Chinese New Year’s Eve, and the dinner table is already covered 1.______ white china plates and bowls, full of all sorts of dishes: chicken, duck, pork, fish and vegetables. Luo Yan, 29, lifts the cover of a large bowl to breathe in the rich smell of the soup his wife and mother have prepared. Luo Yan’s son, Bofeng, happily takes a bite of the chicken his grandfather 2.______ (select) for him. Six-year-old Bofeng has not seen his grandparents for almost a year, and he is full of joy and 3.______ (excite). Indeed, the whole family could not be happier to be together. 4.______ the cold outside, their happy faces fill the air with 5._________(warm) while merry laughter rings throughout the house. Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city, far away from their hometown. Every year, they travel back for the Spring Festival, for their dream of “three 6.___________(generation) under the same roof”. The Luo family’s journey back to their hometown was a long and 7.______ (tire) one just a few years ago. However, the high-speed train has made it much 8.______ (convenient) for them to go back home. During the five-hour trip, they chatted excitedly with each other, their minds full of thoughts about their sweet home. On their 9.______ (arrive), they find Luo’s parents eagerly waiting for them. Their home has been specially decorated for the joyous occasion. From the neat designs of the paper-cuttings on the windows, to the Spring Festival couplets on the door, and to the New Year paintings on the wall, everything represents joy, luck and happiness. Even the fish on the plate expresses a hope for nian nian you yu—yu means both “fish” and “plenty” in Chinese—”May you get more than you wish for every year”. After dinner, the hours until midnight go slowly by. The whole family are going to stay up late on the Chinese New Year’s Eve. They gather around the television to watch the Spring Festival Gala, 10.______ eating snacks, chatting with each other and making dumplings that they will eat at the very start of the new year. In the warmth and comfort of the room, Luo Yan talks about his plan for the future. “I hope we won’t have to be separated again,” he says, 10.______ (look) at his ageing parents.” My parents are getting old, and we should spend more time with them. We’ll come back more frequently and we’re also considering taking them to the city to live with us.11._________all, home is where all family members are together.” As midnight approaches, Luo Yan takes his parents, wife and son outside to set 12.________ firecrackers.The whole village is lit up with colourful fireworks. All over the country, people are 13._________(celebrate) their good fortune, celebrating their family’s togetherness, and celebrating their nation’s strength. 【答案】 1. with; 2. has selected; 3. excitement; 4. Despite; 5.warmth 6.generations 7. tiring; 8. more convenient; 9. arrival; 10.while; 11.After 12. off 13. celebrating 参考译文 弥足珍贵的团圆饭 除夕刚过五点钟，饭桌上已经摆满了白瓷碗碟、鸡鸭鱼肉和蔬菜，满满当当的各色菜肴。二十九岁的罗言 掀开一个大碗的盖子，嗅着母亲和妻子煲的汤所散发出的浓香。他的儿子博峰美滋滋地咬了一口爷爷给挑 好的鸡肉。 六岁的博峰都快一年没见爷爷奶奶了，他满心喜悦和激动。的确，一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。虽然外面天寒地冻，他们幸福的脸庞却让屋内的空气暖洋洋的，欢声笑语处处可闻。罗言一家三口已经在大城市定居，离家乡很远。不过，他们每年都回老家过春节，以实现他们“三代同堂”的梦想。 几年前，罗言一家的回乡之旅还是漫长而劳顿的。如今有了高铁，回趟家就方便多了。五个小时的旅途，三人兴高采烈地聊着天，心中想的全是甜蜜的家。 刚到家，他们就发现父母早就翘首以待了。家中已经为这个喜庆的场合特别布置了一番。从窗上贴得整整齐齐的剪纸，到门上的春联，再到墙上的年画，无不象征着欢乐、吉祥和幸福。就连盘中的那条鱼也表达了对年年有余的企盼--在汉语中“鱼”“余”谐音--祝愿每年的收获都能多于期望。 年夜饭后到午夜前的这几个小时缓慢地流淌着。除夕之夜，一家人都要熬夜守岁。他们围坐在电视机前看春节联欢晚会，一边吃着零食，聊着天，一边包着新年伊始要吃的饺子。在温暖舒适的房间中，罗言讲了他未来的打算。“我希望我们不用再分开了，”他看着年迈的父母，“我爸妈年纪大了，我们应该多陪陪他们。 我们会回家回得更勤一点，也考虑着把二老接到城里，跟我们一起生活。不管怎么说，一家人在哪，哪就是家。” 午夜将至，罗言带着父母妻儿到屋外放鞭炮。五颜六色的烟花把整个村子都照亮了。举国上下，人们都在庆祝自己的好福气，庆祝合家团聚，庆祝祖国富强。 1． 单句语法填空 1. He believed that his son was capable of analyzing and solving the problem. 2. Taking her with me on official occasions (occasion) has been a challenge. 3. After days of  reflection(reflect) she decided to write back.  4. Bombs had hit the building a number of times but ___fortunately_____ (fortune) no one was hurt. 5. To enjoy the __convenience______ (convenient) of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 6. A __representative______ (represent) is a person who has been chosen to act or make decisions on behalf of another person or a group of people. 7. Our rapidly changing workplace makes ___it_____ necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills. 8. With so many problems ____to settle____ (settle) every day, I feel greatly stressed. 9. Even though the book was helpful, however, I still feel ___confused________ (confuse). 10. Which departments do you currently (current) communicate with? 2． 短语填空（适当形式填空） be covered with; stay up late; select...for...; set off; breathe in; on one's arrival; all sorts of; settle in; take a bite of; light up; 1. It is traditional to eat spring pancakes on the Beginning of Spring. ______________ the pancake with fresh vegetables rolled in it means to take in the vigor(活力) and energy of spring. 2. After many tests, John ______________ the team, though he realized that he could achieve more than he had expected. 3. Adding salt to the chemical solution(溶液) ________________ a chain reaction, producing a great amount of heat and light. 4. Next door to mine live a black couple, who seem to ______________ this community for quite a long time. 5. In large cities people ________________ dangerous gases from cars, which possibly lead to illness and even death. 6. The Internet has made our life unbelievably convenient, with ______________ goods and foods provided by e­commerce. 7. I really don't want to work overtime to __________________. Now the happiest thing is sleeping! 8. Opposite the Old Town of Lijiang is 5, 596­meter Yulong Snow Mountain, its top ____________ snow. 9. ________________, the guests were greeted politely by the manager, and were accommodated in the best hotel. 10. Her face ________________ with joy when she heard the good news that we would go hiking the next day. 1. Taking a bite of　2. was selected for　3. sets off/will set off　4. have settled in　5. breathe in　6. all sorts of　7. stay up late　8. covered with　9. On their arrival　10. lit/lighted up 3． 语法填空 Chinese New Year, 1.________ starts on the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar (阴历), is considered as China's most important holiday. It 2.________ (know) as the Spring Festival. The Spring Festival starts at the beginning of the new moon. It often happens between January and February. It 3.________ (last) until the Festival of Lanterns (元宵节), which gives everyone plenty of time for celebration. 4．________ (traditional), red envelopes with money in are gifts during the Spring Festival celebrations. It's 5.________ custom which goes back to ancient times. However, when the tradition 6.________ (start) is unknown. Whatever the reason is, the red envelope is an important part of Chinese New Year to this day. The firework is another big part of Chinese New Year. A 7.________ (write) shared the following story on a website. An old man saved a town from a terrible monster (怪兽) by throwing bamboo 8.________ (stick) into the fire. The explosion (爆炸声) caused by the bamboo frightened off the monster. As a result, Chinese people set 9.________ fireworks during Chinese New Year celebrations 10.________ (avoid) the evil spirits of the past. which；is known；lasts；Traditionally; a Started; writer; sticks; off; to avoid 四．阅读理解 C Childhood memories of climbing trees or making daisy chains (雏菊花环) are becoming increasingly rare, according to a new survey, as the younger generation are robbed of outdoor experiences. The survey of 1,000 people found that the current generation of 15 to 34-year-olds have fewer memories of 12 key countryside activities, such as swimming in rivers or digging holes at the beach. The research found that three quarters of the older generation remember playing games or climbing trees, compared to two thirds of younger adults. The 55-plus generation also have more memories of collecting fossils (化石), visiting farms, or pond dipping. Altogether, two thirds of older people have memories of playing outdoors, compared to just over half of the younger generation. The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) carried out the study at the start of the school term to stress the growing concern that children are not getting outdoors enough. The study found that 82% of people think that schools should provide more outdoor education, and most believe nature is still important to children today. Dr. Mike Clarke, Chief Executive of the RSPB, says children who are kept indoors suffer from “nature deficit disorder (自然缺失症)”. He says public funding (资金) should be used by the government to take children on day trips to nature reserves. “To many people, it seems obvious that an important part of childhood is exploring the world. Unfortunately, this is far from the case, and the amount of time and contact children are having with nature is on the decrease,” he says. “The RSPB has more than 40 years of history in getting children outdoors, and is committed to continuing to play its part. We now need the government and schools to recognize the important role the public believes they should play, in enabling all children to experience, enjoy and benefit from contact with the natural environment.” 8. Compared with the current generation, the older generation___________. A. had fewer chances to visit big cities B. had more homework when they were kids C. are more willing to live in the countryside D. have more memories of outdoor activities 9. Why did the RSPB carry out the study? A. To increase people’s concern about children’s lack of outdoor activities. B. To increase people’s concern about the protection of wildlife. C. To call for people to spend more time with their kids. D. To bring the growth of children to people’s attention. 10. How does Dr. Mike Clarke advise the government to solve this problem? A. By offering new outdoor sources for kids. B. By building more nature reserves for kids. C. By giving money to help kids visit natural reserves. D. By stressing the importance of kids going outside. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Children have little contact with nature at present. B. The RSPB is leading the way in getting kids outdoors. C. Schools are uninterested in spending money getting kids outdoors. D. Schools have been stressing the importance of nature to children. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在的年轻人对农村生活的记忆太少，而英国皇家鸟类保护协会则针对孩子开展了一系列户外活动。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The survey of 1,000 people found that the current generation of 15 to 34-year-olds have fewer memories of 12 key countryside activities, such as swimming in rivers or digging holes at the beach.(这项针对1000人的调查发现，15岁至34岁的这一代年轻人对12项主要的农村活动的记忆较少，比如在河里游泳或在海滩上挖洞。)”可知，这一代年轻人对于农村活动的记忆较少，也就是老一代人对于农村的记忆要比当代人多。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) carried out the study at the start of the school term to stress the growing concern that children are not getting outdoors enough. (英国皇家鸟类保护协会(RSPB)在新学期开始时开展了这项研究，以强调越来越多的人担心孩子们没有足够的户外活动。)”可知，英国皇家鸟类保护协会开展这项研究是为了提高人们对于孩子没有足够户外运动的担忧。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“He says public funding (资金) should be used by the government to take children on day trips to nature reserves.(他说政府应该用公共资金带孩子们去自然保护区一日游。)”可知，Mike Clarke博士建议政府应该提供资金让孩子去自然保护区游玩。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The RSPB has more than 40 years of history in getting children outdoors, and is committed to continuing to play its part. We now need the government and schools to recognize the important role the public believes they should play, in enabling all children to experience, enjoy and benefit from contact with the natural environment.(皇家鸟类保护协会在让孩子们到户外活动方面有40多年的历史，并致力于继续发挥自己的作用。我们现在需要政府和学校认识到公众认为他们应该发挥的重要作用，让所有的孩子都能体验、享受和受益于与自然环境的接触。)”可知，皇家鸟类保护协会在让孩子进行户外运动方面起着示范作用。故选B。 D When your alarm clock rings and you drag yourself out of bed, you probably wonder: Why on earth does school have to start so early? Fortunately, there is a new law to back you up — or better still, science. A law in California, passed on Oct 13, requires that public middle schools begin classes no earlier than 8:00 am and that high schools start no earlier than 8:30 am. The law will go into effect by November 1, 2022. Starting school at 8:00 or 8:30 in the morning may not sound like too big of a change, but it could mean one more hour of sleep for students who used to start school at 7:30 or even earlier. “The effect of that one hour is something they will be feeling as 40-year-old adults,” Sumit Bhargava, a sleep expert at Stanford University, told The New York Times. He said that not having enough sleep can affect students’ mental health and increase the risk of being overweight and diabetes (糖尿病). In the short run, students’ school performances should improve almost immediately. Kyla Wahlstrom, a researcher at the University of Minnesota’s College of Education, found that students who have enough sleep are alert in class and get much more satisfying grades. Some might say that asking students to go to bed earlier could have been a much easier solution than changing the school timetable across an entire state. But according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, teenagers go through biological changes when they enter puberty (青春期), which makes it difficult for them to fall asleep before 11:00 pm. So when school starts at 8:00 or earlier, they can hardly get the ideal 8.5 - 9.5 hours of sleep that experts suggest they need to do their best in the daytime. This is why when the new law came out, its author, Anthony Portantino, said, “Generations of children will come to appreciate this historic day and our governor for taking action.” 12. Which of the following is TRUE about the law? A. The law has not been put into practice yet. B. The law will be passed by November 1, 2022. C. The law is made by a university in California. D. The law requires schools to start later than 8:30 am. 13. What can we learn from Bhargava’s words? A. The new law is of lasting benefit to students. B. Lack of sleep affects adults more than children. C. The amount of sleep people need changes with age. D. Enough sleep makes sure that students are mentally healthy. 14. What does the underlined word “alert” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Friendly. B. Honest. C. Calm. D. Sharp. 15. What’s the text mainly about? A. Lack of sleep could lead to health problems. B. California is pushing back school start times. C. A law to start the school day later takes effect. D. Teenagers’ biological changes affect their sleep patterns. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了加利福尼亚即将出台一部法律确保青少年有足够的睡眠时间以保证白天的学业成绩。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“The law will go into effect by November 1, 2022.(这项法律将于2022年11月1日生效)”可知这部法律还没有生效，与A项“The law has not been put into practice yet.(这部法律还没有实施)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“The effect of that one hour is something they will be feeling as 40-year-old adults(这一个小时的影响是他们成为了40岁的成年人时会感受到的)”可推理出这部法律将带来的好处将影响学生们几十年，与A 项“The new law is of lasting benefit to students.(这项新的法律会对学生带来长久的好处)”表达的意思一致，故选A项。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题，根据常识，结合划线词上文“students who have enough sleep(有充足睡眠的学生)”和下文“get much more satisfying grades(获得更加满意的成绩)”可推知，睡眠充足的学生在课堂上思维更敏捷，所以在学习成绩上表现更好，所以划线词的含义为“思维敏捷”，与D项“Sharp(敏捷的)”同义，故选D 项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。第三段第一句“A law in California, passed on Oct 13, requires that public middle schools begin classes no earlier than 8:00 am and that high schools start no earlier than 8:30 am(加州的一项法律要求公立学校早上不早于8点上课，高中不早于早上8点半上课)”提出加州要通过立法推迟学生的上学时间。第六段讲述了睡眠不足将带来的危害；第七段讲述了睡眠充足会带来较好的学习效果；最后几段说明了不能从让青少年早睡入手，只能通过推迟上学时间入手的原因。综上可知，文章第四段至最后一段在文章中的作用是支持第三段提出的话题：加州要通过立法推迟学生的上学时 10/10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$