Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Using Language(Word教参)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using Language 教材助读10 ①Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted<1> when he heard someone screaming<2> from another table.A fellow<3> diner<4> at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking<5> on some steak<6>．②He was now holding his throat<7> with his face turning red, while his desperate<8> friends were slapping<9> him on the back. ①a high school student in Beijing作Chen Wei的同位语。主句中have sth done意为“让某事被做”，过去分词作宾补。when引导时间状语从句，hear sb doing sth听见某人做某事。 ②本句是并列句，由while连接，表示对比，“然而”。在第一个分句中包含with复合结构(with＋宾语＋现在分词)，在句中作方式状语。 Chen wasted no time.He got up and ran to Zhang's table at once.With the help of<10> Zhang's friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet<11>．Then, ③standing behind Zhang, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre<12>．The food was instantly<13> forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again.Ten minutes later, an ambulance arrived.The doctors checked Zhang and made sure<14> that he was fine.④They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites<15> before they left. ③现在分词作方式状语，Chen与stand 之间是主动关系。 ④此处是省略that的宾语从句，suggest表示“建议”，其中从句的谓语是省略了should的虚拟语气。before they left是before引导的时间状语从句。 Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse<16> and sometimes die, ⑤leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive.⑥To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world.⑦Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick, practical<17>， and easy.⑧It is so easy, in fact<18>， that almost anyone can learn how. ⑤此处是现在分词作结果状语。 ⑥句中不定式to solve…作目的状语，saving…为现在分词短语作结果状语。 ⑦动名词短语doing the Heimlich manoeuvre作主语，谓语动词用单数形式is。 ⑧本句中，so…that…引导结果状语从句。 ⑨If you see someone choking<19>, first call the emergency services.Then, make sure that the victim is really choking：A choking person cannot speak.Slapping the victim's back will often force out the obstruction<20>．If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre ⑩by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist.Make a fist<21> with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach.⑪Grabbing<22> your fist with your other hand tightly<23>, push up and into his stomach in one motion<24>．Continue doing this ⑫until the obstruction is forced out. ⑨If you see someone choking是if引导的条件状语从句。 ⑩此处是介词短语作方式状语，其中and连接两个动名词短语作介词by的宾语。 ⑪此处是现在分词短语作方式状语。 ⑫此处是until引导的时间状语从句。 Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child is not recommended<25>， ⑬as you may hurt him.Instead, lay the child face down<26> on your lap ⑭with the head lower than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again. ⑬as you may hurt him是as引导的原因状语从句。 ⑭with复合结构在句中作状语；until引导的时间状语从句。 With choking victims, every minute counts<27>．You cannot just stand by<28> and do nothing.Luckily, Chen had learnt ⑮how to give first aid in school.⑯Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately.Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify<29> ⑰sitting there and doing nothing？We are all humans and we all have a responsibility<30> to look after one another's welfare<31>．” ⑮how to give first aid in school是“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作learnt的宾语。 ⑯seeing Zhang choking是现在分词短语作时间状语。 ⑰sitting there and doing nothing是and连接的两个v.-ing形式作宾语。 <1>interrupt/ˌIntəˈrʌpt/vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断 <2>scream/skriːm/vi.& vt.(因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n．尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音 <3>fellow/ˈfeləʊ/adj.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的 n．男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类 <4>diner /ˈdaInə(r)/n.(尤指餐馆的)就餐者 <5>choke/tʃəʊk/vi.&vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽 <6>steak/steIk/n.牛排；肉排 <7>throat/θrəʊt/n.咽喉；喉咙 <8>desperate/ˈdespərət/adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的 <9>slap/slæp/vt.(用手掌)打、拍 n．(用手掌)打、拍；拍击声 过去式和过去分词都是slapped。 slap sb on the back 拍某人的后背 <10>with the help of sb在某人的帮助下 <11>help sb to one's feet帮助某人站起身来 <12>Heimlich manoeuvre /ˈhaImlIk məˌnuːvə(r)/海姆利克式操作法 <13>instantly adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就…… 同义词：immediately adv.立即，马上 <14>make sure确保 <15>bite n．(咬下的)一口 <16>collapse/kəˈlæps/vi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒 <17>practical/ˈpræktIkl/adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的 <18>in fact 事实上，实际上 <19>see sb doing sth看到某人做某事 <20>obstruction /əbˈstrʌkʃn/n.阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物 <21>fist/fIst/n.拳；拳头 <22>grab/græb/vt.抓住；攫取 n．抓取；抢夺 过去式和过去分词都是grabbed。 <23>tightly/ˈtaItli/ adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地 反义词：loosely adv.宽松地 tight/taIt/adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地 <24>motion/ˈməʊʃn/n.运动；移动 <25>recommend vt.推荐 <26>face up/down面朝上(朝下) <27>count v．有价值；很重要；要紧 Every minute counts.一刻千金。/分秒必争。 <28>stand by袖手旁观；待命行动；支持 <29>justify/ˈdʒʌstIfaI/vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由 justified adj.有正当理由的；合乎情理的 <30>responsibility n．责任 have a responsibility to do sth有责任做某事 a sense of responsibility责任感 <31>welfare/ˈwelfeə(r)/n.幸福；福祉；安康；福利, 陈伟是北京的一名高中生，当他听到另一张桌子有人在尖叫时，他的晚餐被打断了。餐厅里的另一位用餐者张涛被牛排噎住了。张涛正扼住自己的喉咙，脸涨得通红，而他的朋友们则一直在拼命拍他的背。 陈伟当机立断，站了起来，立刻跑到张涛的桌前。在张涛朋友们的帮助下，他终于让张涛站了起来。然后他站在张涛身后，实施海姆利克式操作法。食物立刻被挤出来，张涛又开始能够呼吸了。十分钟后，救护车来了。医生检查了张涛的身体，确定他没有问题。在离开前他们建议张涛吃得慢一点，并尽量小口吃。 窒息者通常只有四分钟的(抢救)时间，过后便会昏倒，有时甚至会死亡，根本等不到救护车赶到。为了解决这个问题，在1974年，一位美国医生亨利·海姆利克发明了“海姆利克式操作法”，拯救了世界上成千上万人的生命。“海姆利克式操作法”快速、实用、简单。事实上它简单到几乎任何人都能学会。 如果你看到有人噎到，首先拨打急救电话。然后，确认受害者是真的窒息了：窒息的人无法说话。拍打窒息者的背通常能让阻塞物出来。如果这个方法不管用，你可以站在他身后，用手臂环抱他的腰，实施“海姆利克式操作法”。一只手握拳，放在他的上腹部。用另一只手抓紧你的拳头，(双手急速用力)向上向里挤压。重复这个动作，直到阻塞物被排出。 不建议在小孩身上实施“海姆利克式操作法”，因为你可能会伤害到他。推荐的做法是：让孩子脸朝下趴在你的膝盖上，头部低于身体其他部位，然后用力拍打他的上背部，直到他能再次呼吸。 对于窒息者而言，每一分钟都很重要。你不能袖手旁观。幸运的是，陈伟在学校里学习了如何进行急救。看见张涛噎到，他保持冷静并立即做出反应。陈伟后来谈到这件事时说：“我怎么能有理由坐视不管呢？我们都是人，我们都有责任关照彼此的安康。” Ⅰ.Read the texts on P56 and then choose the best answer. 1．What is choking? A．Something stuck in his/her mouth. B．Something stuck in his/her lung. C．Something stuck in his/her stomach. D．Something stuck in his/her throat. 答案　D 2．When an adult is choking, what should we do at once? A．Let him/her lie on the ground. B．Call for the doctor. C．Perform the Heimlich manoeuvre. D．Send him/her to the hospital. 答案　C 3．What does the passage imply? A．Choking victims must be saved by doctors. B．Keeping calm in time of danger is important. C．Eating slowly can prevent choking. D．There are always solutions to problems. 答案　C 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．Look before you leap. B．Knowledge is power. C．Easier said than done. D．Practice makes perfect. 答案　B Ⅱ.课文语法填空 Seeing a fellow diner in the restaurant choking, Chen Wei rushed over 1. (offer) some help.By doing the Heimlich manoeuvre, the food was 2. (immediate) forced out and the victim began to breathe again. The Heimlich manoeuvre, 3. was created by an American doctor, Henry Heimlich in 1974, has saved many people's lives since its invention because it is quick, 4. (practice) and easy to perform.You can do as follows.First, stand behind the victim and wrap your 5. (arm) around his waist.Then make 6. fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of the victim's stomach.Next, grab 7. (you) fist with your other hand tightly and push up and into his stomach in one motion.Continue doing this until the obstruction 8. (force) out. In spite of its advantages, 9. (do) the Heimlich manoeuvre on a child is not recommended, for you may hurt him.Instead, you can lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body and then slap him 10. the upper back slightly until he is all right. 1．答案　to offer　 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。 2．答案　immediately　 解析　考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词。 3．答案　which　 解析　考查引导词。所填词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The Heimlich manoeuvre(指物)，且所填词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。 4．答案　practical　 解析　考查词性转换。句中and连接并列成分作表语，此处应用形容词practical，表示“切实可行的”。 5．答案　arms　 解析　考查名词的数。此处表示两只胳膊，故用复数形式。 6．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且fist发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。make a fist握拳。 7．答案　your　 解析　考查代词。空前是动词，后面是可数名词单数，故此处用形容词性物主代词。 8．答案　is forced 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为until引导的时间状语从句，其中obstruction与force之间为动宾关系；此处介绍的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为单数，故用is forced。 9．答案　doing　 解析　考查非谓语动词。9. (do)the Heimlich manoeuvre on a child作主语，此处表示主动，且不表示完成，故用v.-ing的一般式。 10．答案　on　 解析　考查介词。“slap＋介词＋the＋表示身体部位的名词”表示“拍打某人的某部位”，拍打背部应用介词on。 1 (教材P54)drown　vi.& vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没 ①be drowned in 被盖住；被淹没在 drown oneself in 沉溺于……；埋头于…… drown one's sorrows in drink 借酒消愁 ②drowningadj. 溺水的 It's no use trying to drown your sorrows in drink. 试图以酒浇愁是没有用的。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)He built up his strength to lift the drowning (drown) child. (2)Be careful when crossing the bridge or you will fall into the water and get drowned (drown)． (3)Mr White called up his memories and drowned himself in them. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)人们常在情绪低落时用购物来消愁。 People often drown their sorrows in shopping when they are in low spirits. 2 (教材P55)When listening to instructions in English, you should listen carefully and don't panic. 当听英语指令时，你应该仔细听，并且别惊慌。 panic　vi.& vt.(panicked，panicking)(使)惊慌 n．惊恐；恐慌 ①panic over/about/at　 因……而恐慌 panic sb into doing sth 使仓惶行事；使仓促行动 ②get into a panic 使陷入惊慌状态 in panic 惊慌失措地 ①(2024·1月浙江续写)She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic. 她在同学们的脸上搜寻恐慌的迹象。 ②The bad news panicked people into buying some useless things.这个坏消息使人们惊慌失措，买了些没用的东西。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2021·新课标Ⅰ改编)The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked (panic). (2)The crowd panicked at/over/about the sound of the gun. (3)She was in panic when she was told that she needed an operation on her leg. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)她一想到孩子们可能会溺水，就惊慌失措起来。 She got into a panic when she thought the children might have a chance of drowning. (5)(2021·1月浙江续写)我越来越惊慌，开始哭泣。 Growing more panic , I began to cry. 3 (教材P56)Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table. 北京的高中生陈伟在吃晚餐时突然听到另一张桌子有人尖叫，就停了下来。 interrupt　vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断 ①interrupt sb/sth (with sth) (因某事)打断某人/某事 be interrupted by 被……打断 ②interruptionn. 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物 without interruption 连续地；不断地 The game was interrupted by the rain, so they had no choice but to postpone it.比赛因下雨而中断了，所以他们别无选择，只好推迟。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)I'm not used to being interrupted (interrupt) when studying, so I like quiet surroundings. (2)It is not polite to interrupt a speaker with frequent questions. (3)Let's go somewhere where we can have a talk without interruption/being interrupted (interrupt)． [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)有人敲门。这是那天晚上第二次有人打断我。 There was a knock on the door.It was the second time that someone had interrupted me that evening. scream　vi.& vt.(因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n．尖叫； 尖锐刺耳的声音 ①scream out for sth　　　　　 高声喊 scream for help 高声呼救 ②let out a scream 发出尖叫 a scream of happiness/pain 高兴得/疼 得尖叫 The children were screaming with excitement on seeing the parents. 孩子们一见到父母就兴奋地尖叫起来。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (5)John was studying in his room when he heard somebody screaming (scream)． (6)He was sure somebody would find he was missing or hear him screaming for help. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (7)他用针刺破水疱时，我疼得尖叫起来。 I let out a scream of pain when he broke the blister with a needle. 4 (教材P56)He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back. 他掐着自己的喉咙，脸涨得通红，他的朋友在拍打他的背部，心急如焚。 desperate　adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的； 非常需要的 ①be desperate for sth 渴望某物 be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事 in desperate need of 非常需要 ②desperatelyadv. 极其，非常；绝望地 ③desperationn. 绝望的境地；不顾一切拼命 in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地 The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.那个在沙漠中迷路的人极想喝水。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)After ten years of hard study, the boy was desperate to pass (pass) the College Entrance Examination and enter an ideal university. (2)(2023·新课标Ⅱ改编)They could not afford to pay for transportation for their dog, Tiffy, and desperately (desperate) wanted to take her with them. (3)His business failure left him in desperation (desperate) but he managed to go out of the shadow through years of efforts. [习作练笔]——补全句子/词汇升级 (4)好几个月没下雨了，这一地区急需用水。 It hasn't rained for several months and this place is in desperate need of water. (5)After about four days she was bored and hoped to get back to work. desperate 5 (教材P56)Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again.相反，让小孩脸朝下趴在你的大腿上，头比身体其他部位低，然后用力拍打他的上背部，直到他能再次呼吸。 face down　面朝下 ①face up　　　　　　 面朝上 face up to 正视；面对…… be faced with 面对 ②face to face 面对面 in the face of 面对 lose face 丢脸 save face 保全面子 make faces 做鬼脸 What astonished us was that we found him face down on the bedroom floor.使我们吃惊的是我们发现他脸朝下倒在卧室的地板上。 [习作练笔]——补全句子/一句多译 (1)和朋友面对面交谈是减少工作和生活压力的好方法。 Talking with friends face to face is a good way to reduce the pressure from work to life. (2)即使面对许多困难，我也会坚持，直到我实现我的梦想。 ① Faced with many difficulties , I will insist until I accomplish my dream. ② Facing many difficulties , I will insist until I accomplish my dream. ③ In face of many difficulties , I will insist until I accomplish my dream. 6 (教材P58)Nancy Jones felt that she was getting out of shape and decided that she needed to get some exercise.南希·琼斯觉得自己健康状况不好，决定锻炼身体。 out of shape　健康状况不好；变形的 ①in the shape of　　　 以……形状 in good/bad shape 身体健康/不健康； 状态好/不好 keep/stay in shape 保持健康；保持体形 ②be shaped like 形似…… Unfortunately, I have been out of shape for a few years, but I work out regularly nowadays to stay in shape.不幸的是，我的身材已经走形好几年了，但我现在经常锻炼以保持身材。 [习作练笔]——补全句子 (1)你一直坐在我崭新的帽子上，现在它都变形了。 You have been sitting on my new hat and now it is out of shape . (2)(2023·1月浙江)你可以尝试不同类型的锻炼，比如慢跑、骑自行车或游泳。这可以帮助你保持整个身体的健康。 You can try different kinds of workouts, such as jogging, biking, or swimming.This can help keep your whole body in shape . (3)在我五周岁的生日时，我的母亲为我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。 For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake in the shape of a monkey. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$