Unit 1 课时作业(2)语言运用专项(Word练习)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

课时作业(二)　语言运用专项 (建议用时：20分钟) Ⅰ．完形填空 Louis Pasteur was born on December 27, 1822, in Dole, France, into a poor family．The French chemist and microbiologist made remarkable scientific 　1　 regarding the principles of vaccination(疫苗接种), microbial fermentation(微生物发酵), and pasteurization (巴氏灭菌法)． The family was on a very tight 　2　．However, his parents 　3　 education and found support to send him to the best schools they could afford．Pasteur had a(n) 　4　 for painting and drawing．When he realized that art was 　5　 to earn a living, he changed to 　6　． He was not a 　7　 student, but he worked very hard once he put his mind to it．It took him three tries to pass the exam to get into his 　8　 school．Later, he owed his success to his 　9　．He impressed senior scientists with his hard work and willpower in 　10　 some of the most difficult scientific problems． Pasteur's 　11　 research was completely self-funded．His wife, Marie, 　12　 supported his work and acted as his assistant in the lab． As he became famous gradually, he was able to 　13　 research positions at more great institutions．Eventually, he was able to establish the Pasteur Institute to 　14　 and prevent the causes of disease, particularly rabies． He was highly respected and won just about every award 　15　 in his field．As a consequence, Pasteur greatly advanced the science of his day． 1．A．predictions B．discoveries C．methods D．performances 2．A．turn B．schedule C．link D．budget 3．A．valued B．transformed C．sharpened D．assigned 4．A．demand B．fault C．passion D．inspiration 5．A．unavoidable B．unlikely C．unexpected D．uncertain 6．A．geography B．astronomy C．politics D．chemistry 7．A．considerate B．brilliant C．lifelong D．frustrated 8．A．desired B．initial C．contradictory D．multiple 9．A．fame B．routine C．perseverance D．blessing 10．A．decreasing B．handling C．motivating D．occupying 11．A．substantial B．joint C．outstanding D．early 12．A．actively B．purposefully C．unintentionally D．steadily 13．A．turn down B．cope with C．work out D．take up 14．A．dedicate B．treat C．find D．commit 15．A．available B．memorable C．favorable D．knowledgeable 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人。本文为人物传记，主要介绍了Louis Pasteur的生平、成就和贡献。 1．答案　B 解析　根据下文regarding the principles…pasteurization (巴氏灭菌法)可知，这些都是科学发现(discovery)。prediction预测； method方法；performance表演。 2．答案　D 解析　根据空后的however以及下文可推断，Pasteur家里的经济条件并不好，也就是说预算(budget)很紧张。turn轮流；schedule时间表；link联系。 3．答案　A 解析　根据下文可推断，他的父母很重视(value)教育。 transform改变；sharpen使尖锐；assign分配。 4．答案　C 解析　根据下文可知，Pasteur对艺术有着热情(passion)。demand要求；fault过错；inspiration灵感。 5．答案　B 解析　根据上文可知，他家经济条件并不好，而根据常识及下文可知，此处表示艺术并不太可能(unlikely)谋生。unavoidable无法避免的；unexpected意外的；uncertain不确定的。 6．答案　D 解析　根据上下文可知，Pasteur后来成为了一个化学家，所以此时他是从艺术转向化学(chemistry)。 7．答案　B 解析　根据but he worked very hard可知，此处表示他并不是一个很聪明的(brilliant)学生。considerate体贴的；lifelong终身的；frustrated沮丧的。 8．答案　A 解析　根据It took him three tries to pass the exam以及常理可知，他是最终进入了自己想要进入的(desired)学校。initial最初的；contradictory对立的；multiple多种多样的。 9．答案　C 解析　根据上文的three tries可推测，此处表示他认为自己的成功源自于自己的毅力(perseverance)。fame名声，名望；routine例行公事；blessing祝福。 10．答案　B 解析　句意：他在解决一些最困难的科学问题上的努力和毅力给资深科学家留下了深刻的印象。decrease减少；handle处理；motivate激励；occupy占据，故选B项。 11．答案　D 解析　根据下文可知，这两段内容描述了Pasteur的研究进展，所以，空处指的是早期的(early)情况。substantial大量的；joint联合的；outstanding优秀的。 12．答案　A 解析　根据本句中acted as his assistant in the lab可推测，他的妻子积极(actively)支持其工作。purposefully有目的地；unintentionally无意地；steadily稳定地。 13．答案　D 解析　根据上下文可推测，随着他越来越出名，他可以在大机构担任研究职位。turn down拒绝；cope with处理；work out解决；take up从事，故选D项。 14．答案　C 解析　句意：最终，他建立了巴斯德研究所，以寻找(find)和预防疾病的原因，特别是狂犬病。dedicate致力于；treat对待；commit犯罪、承诺。 15．答案　A 解析　句意：他非常受人尊敬，赢得了他所在领域的几乎所有奖项。available可得到的、可使用的；memorable难忘的；favorable有利的；knowledgeable博学的，故选A项。 Ⅱ．语法填空 My 9-year-old son was diagnosed with autism(自闭症) 1． the age of 3．Although he has challenges, he has an insight to die for．He has the ability 2． (see) and appreciate many things 3． I have walked past my whole life without seeing．He has shown me that there are letters and numbers everywhere．For example, a parking spot is the number 11．While 4． (wait) in the line at the post office, he sees the line separator as the letter M．He loves 5． (tree), and is fascinated with the moon．He 6． (teach) me so much every day．He once wanted a globe and a wall clock for his birthday．He told me he was a scientist, and I believed him．I am not 7． same person I was before giving birth to him．He is considered to be disabled, but in many ways he is 8． (abnormal) able-bodied．He literally has 10/10 vision．According to the eye doctor, he sees 10 times 9． (far) and 10 times closer than the average person．He is 10． (gift), and I will never look at some things the same． 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/生活与学习。本文为记叙文，主要介绍了作者的儿子患有自闭症，却表现出特别的洞察力。作者认为儿子教会了自己很多东西。 1．答案　at　 解析　考查介词。句意：我9岁的儿子在3岁时被诊断出患有自闭症。at the age of在……岁时。 2．答案　to see　 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：他有能力看到和欣赏很多我这辈子都没注意到的东西。此处应用不定式作后置定语修饰名词ability。 3．答案　that/which　 解析　考查引导词。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词things，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，用关系代词that或which。 4．答案　waiting　 解析　考查特殊句式和非谓语动词。句意：在邮局排队的时候，他把行分隔符看成字母M。在while引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，从句完整形式为While he is waiting in the line at the post office，相当于省略了he is。 5．答案　trees　 解析　考查名词的数。句意：他爱树，也对月亮着迷。tree为可数名词，上文没有冠词，用复数形式表泛指。 6．答案　teaches　 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他每天都教我很多东西。根据下文every day可知，此处为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语用第三人称单数形式。 7．答案　the　 解析　考查冠词。句意：我已经不是生他之前的那个我了。此处为短语the same表示“同一，一样”。 8．答案　abnormally　 解析　考查词性转换。句意：人们认为他有残疾，但在许多方面他的残疾完全正常。此处作状语修饰形容词able-bodied，应用副词abnormally。 9．答案　farther　 解析　考查比较等级。句意：据眼科医生说，他看得比普通人远10倍也近10倍。根据下文10 times closer than the average person可知，此处应用比较级farther，表示“更远”。 10．答案　gifte 解析　考查词性转换。句意：他很有天赋，我对某些事情的看法也改变了。空处作表语，表示“有天赋”，应用形容词gifted。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$