专题07 书面表达（考点精讲）-【中职专用】2025年职教高考英语二轮复习专项突破（江苏专用）

07书面表达 【考纲解读】 书面表达是英语考试中的必考项，要求考生运用所学的词汇、语法、句型和其他相关知识进行写作。该部分相对较难，主要考查考生综合运用英语知识的能力。根据考试大纲规定，考生应在规定的时间内根据所给的题目要求完成一篇限定词数的英语作文。作文的体裁主要有四类：应用文、记叙文、议论文和说明文，要求表述清晰、语句连贯、用词准确、基本无语法错误等。 【考点精讲】 （一）应用文 1. 书信 （1）格式 常见的英文书信主要由称呼、正文、结尾语和署名构成。具体格式如下所示。 Dear Tom, > 称 呼 > 正 文 > 结尾语 > 署 名 I am writing this letter to...Looking forward to your reply... Yours sincerely, Li Ming （1）称呼：是对收信（件）人的称谓，靠左边顶格自成一行，且称呼后常用逗号。 ① 不特定的收件人：Dear Sir or Madam/ To Whom It May Concern ② 特定的收件人：Dear+人名（例：Dear Bob） Dear+性别+人名（例：Dear Mr. Bob） Dear+职务（例：Dear Editor） Dear+职务+人名（例：Dear Prof. Smith） （2）正文：正文是书信的主体部分，即写信人要表达的内容。一般来说，写信人需要在开头部分简明扼要地阐明写信目的，然后表述情况，提出想法或要求，并进行必要的解释或说明。 （3）结尾语：指的是书信结尾部分的恭维话，相当于中文书信最后的“祝好 ”“致礼 ”之类的话语。常放于信的右下方。常见表达有：Yours sincerely/ Yours。 （4）署名：署名常置于结尾语下面一行左下角的位置，根据提纲所给，不写自己真实姓名。 （2）内容 常考的书信类型包括邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、投诉信、申请信和求助信等。 求助信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】写信目的——提出请求 I’m writing to ask for your help/ ask you to do me a favor. I wonder if you could help me to solve a problem. 【中间句】具体信息——陈述困难及希望得到的帮助 I find it difficult for me to … I have some difficulties/ troubles in … Faced with so many problems, I really need your help/ I’m eager to get your help. 【尾句】寒暄——希望得到帮助，并向对方表示感谢 Would/ Could you please offer me some advice/ suggestions on…? I would be grateful if you could help me. ③ 参考范文 Dear Mr. Smith, How is everything going? I’m writing to ask for your help. I want to take part in the English Talent Show next term. Since I am good at spoken English,I want to prepare a performance related to spoken English, but I don't know how to do it. In addition, this is my first time to participate in the competition and I want to get a good result. Can you give me some guidance and advice? I would be very grateful if you could help me. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 邀请信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】写信目的——发出邀请 Would you like to join us in…? I wonder if you can come to … I am writing to invite you to … 【中间句】具体信息——具体介绍 As scheduled, the meeting/ party will be held … During the … , we will have lots of activities which you will be interested in. First/ To begin with, … Second/ Besides, … Third/ In addition, … I’m sure you will have a good time/ enjoy yourself. 【尾句】寒暄——表达希望对方的到来及期待收到对方的回复 I’m looking forward to your reply/ coming. I really/ do hope you’ll be able to come. It would be an honor to me if you would accept my invitation. ③ 参考范文 Dear Tom, How is everything going? I am writing to invite you to stay at my home during this winter vacation.I’m excited to introduce you to my family. Firstly, we can visit my city together and eat the delicious food made by my family. Secondly, you can experience the Spring Festival, one of the traditional festivals in China. At that time, we will make dumplings together. I’m sure you’ll enjoythe experience and make some unforgettable memories. I am looking forward to your reply. I do hope you’ll be able to come. Yours, Li Hua 申请信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】寒暄+目的——提出申请 I’m writing to apply for... I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position. I have learned from your advertisement that your company needs … 【中间句】具体信息——具体说明申请原因或优势 I’m writing to apply for... I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position. I have learned from your advertisement that your company needs … 【尾句】寒暄——表达期待收到对方的回复 I will be very grateful if you can give me the opportunity. If I get the chance, I will try my best to do it. My phone number is … Thank you very much for your kind consideration/ attention. I’m looking forward to your early reply. ③ 参考范文 Dear Mr. Peter, How is everything going? I am writing to ask for a two-day sick leave.It’s because I caught a bad cold when I came home from school yesterday. I have a fever and cough, and the doctor says I need to rest at home, so I can't go to class. I'm really sorry, but I'llfind a way to make up for it later. Thank you for your understanding. I hope you can accept my application. I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 投诉信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息+解决办法 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】寒暄+ 目的——提出投诉 I’m writing to you to complain about … I want to express my dissatisfaction with … It is a great pity that we find there is something wrong with … I am completely disappointed/ upset to find that … 【中间句】具体信息——具体说明+解决办法 To improve the situation, you can take the following measures. I think several measures should be taken to solve the problems. 【尾句】寒暄——希望对方给予考虑并尽快回复 I do hope that the problems can be solved as soon as possible. I’m looking forward to your reply/ hearing from you. I hope I can get my refund as soon as possible. ③ 参考范文 Dear Customer Service of Travel Agency, I am Li Ming. I am writing this letter to complain about the trip I took to Beijing organized by your company last month. The specific reasons for my complaint are as follows. First of all, the hotel I live in is very bad, which seriously affects my sleep. Secondly, I did not enjoy the food you mentioned duringthe trip. These experiences had a great impact on me. I hope your company will take measures to improve the quality of service. I do hope that the problems can be solved as soon as possible. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 道歉信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息+弥补方案 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】寒暄+ 目的——表示抱歉 I am writing this letter to express my/ our regret … I’m writing to apologize/ say sorry for … 【中间句】具体信息——具体说明+弥补方案 We promise that such a matter will never happen again. To make up for my fault, I will … 【尾句】寒暄——请求对方谅解 Please allow me to express my deep apologies again. I sincerely hope that you can accept my apologies. Once again, I am really sorry for any inconvenience caused. ③ 参考范文 Dear Tom, I am Li Ming. How is everything going? I am writing to express my sincere apology to you.I’m sorry that I didn’t see you off at the airport last Saturday, because I took part in an English test that day. I hope everything goes well with you after you went back to America. Please accept my sincere apology and don’t forget to keep in touch.Please allow me to express my deep apologies again. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 感谢信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】寒暄+ 目的——表示感谢 I am writing this letter to thank you for … I am writing to express my sincere thanks for … I am truly grateful to you for … 【中间句】具体信息——感谢的具体原因 It was kind/ thoughtful/ nice of you to … You were so kind to … Without your help, I wouldn’t have done … 【尾句】寒暄——再次表示感谢 Thanks again for your kind/ generous help and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. Please accept my sincere thanks for your help once again. I really appreciate your kind help. ③ 参考范文 Dear Lucy, I’m writing this letter to thank you for helping me with my English. Thanks to your help with my English, I am admitted to Shenzhen University. Without your help, I might not be able to get into this university. Your methods and skills have benefited me a lot, and I believe I can make greater achievements on this basis. I hope I can use the method you taught me to improve my spoken English in the future. Thanks again for your kind help and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. Yours, Li Hua 2. 通知 1. 格式 通知一般由标题、正文、落款和日期四部分组成。具体格式如下所示。 Notice It is decided that...We hope all students could have a nice day... Student Union May 1, 2020 （1）标题：通常应用醒目字体在通知上面正中位置写明 Notice 或者 NOTICE 一词作为标志。 （2）正文：正文是通知的主体部分，要写明与事件相关的具体内容、时间、地点、对象、 要求等。正文常采用被动语态，多用第三人称。 （3）落款：发出通知的人或单位名称，落款一般写在通知的右下角，如 The Student Union（学生会）。 （4）日期：书面通知要写日期，布告式通知的日期一般写在最后一行左下角，也可以写在 右下角或者右上角（考试时写作要求中一般不给出下达通知的日期，所以此部分内容可省略 不写）。 2. 内容 ① 行文思路 首句——通知缘由/事项（时间、地点、活动等） 尾句——表示欢迎和期待 ② 必备句式 【通知缘由】 We are glad to tell you that there will be … to help you learn English. In order to enrich our after-school activities, we are going to hold … Our school will organize a related lecture on … 【通知事项】 The meeting will be held in the library/ stadium/ hall at … The lecture will last about … and all the teachers and students are required to be present. Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups after the lecture. If you would like to take part in … , please come and sign up for it. By then, there will be many activities you are sure to be interested in, including … 【表示欢迎和期待】 We are expecting your attendance/ participation. All are welcome to be present at the contest/ lecture. Those who want to take part in it please sign up at … ③ 参考范文 NOTICE In order to enhance students’safety consciousness, the Student Union will invite Professor Wang to give us a lecture on campus security. It will be held in the meeting room of our school from 7:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. this Friday. In the lecture, you will learn about all aspects of campus safety. In addition, experts will share practical tips and strategies to help you stay safe on campus.We encourage all students to attend this important event. Remember to be here on time. The Student Union December 1st （2） 议论文 议论文是指针对某个问题、事物或事件采用摆事实、讲道理的方法进行分析、评论，表 明自己观点、立场、态度、主张的一类文体。议论文要求语言必须简练、准确。写作时应尽 量避免使用口语，多用书面语。另外，可适当使用名言警句。 1. 格式 【文章结构】三段式 首段——提出论点 中间段——分析论证 尾段——得出结论 2. 内容 （1）现象分析类 ① 必备句式 【首段】引出现象 Nowadays, there exists such a phenomenon that..., which has aroused great concern among people. 近年来存在一个这样的现象：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 Almost no one in China can fail to notice the phenomenon that..., which has aroused great 在中国几乎无人不知无人不晓这一现象：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 【中间段】分析原因或影响 l总起句：据我所知/在我看来，存在一些导致这种现象的原因。 From my personal perspective, there are several reasons leading to/ contributing to this phenomenon. From my personal perspective, several reasons leading to this phenomenon are as follows. 分点陈述 First and foremost/ Firstly/ First of all, 原因 1/影响 1 In addition/ Secondly/ What’s more, 原因 2/影响 2 Last but not least/ Finally, 原因 3/影响 3 【尾段】得出结论 综上所述，我们可以得出结论，这种现象在未来很长一段时间内可能会持续。不难发现，现在是我们采取有效措施来解决这一现象的时候了。 Taking into account what has been argued, we can come to the conclusion that this phenomenon is likely to maintain for quite a long time in the future. It’s not hard to find that it is high time that we took effective and efficient measures to solve the phenomenon. ② 参考范文 My View on Students not Paying Attention to English Spelling Nowadays, there exists such a phenomenon that students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study, which has aroused great concern among people. From my personal perspective,there are several reasons leading to this phenomenon.Firstly,exam-oriented education makes students pay less attention to spelling.Secondly,some teachers should also be responsible for it because they don’t emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching.Finally,some students are too lazy to recite words. Taking into account what has been argued,we can come to the conclusion that this phenomenon is likely to maintain for quite a long time in the future.It’s not hard to find that it is high time that we took effective and efficient measures to solve the phenomenon. （2）问题解决类 ① 必备句式 【首段】提出问题 Nowadays/ In recent years, there exists such a question that... (句子) , which has aroused great concern among people. 近年来存在一个这样的问题：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 Almost no one in China can fail to notice the question that... , which has aroused great concern among people. 在中国几乎无人不知无人不晓这一现象：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 Therefore, great attention should be paid to this issue. 因此，应该高度重视这个问题。 【中间段】说明方法 总起句：据我所知/在我看来，有几种方法可以解决上述问题。 From my personal perspective, there are several methods to solve the problem. 分点陈述 First and foremost/ Firstly/ First of all, 方法 1 In addition/ Secondly/ What’s more, 方法 2 Last but not least/ Finally, 方法 3 【尾段】总结全文 Taking into account what has been argued, it’s not hard to find that it is high time that we took effective and efficient measures to solve the problem. 考虑到这些争论，我们不难发现，是时候采取有效的措施来解决这个问题了。 As far as I am concerned, we can come to the conclusion that this problem is likely to maintain for quite a long time in the future. 就我而言，我们可以得出结论，这个问题在未来很长一段时间内可能会持续下去。 ② 参考范文 How to Bridge the Digital Gap for the Elderly In recent years, there exists such a question that, with the increasing development of technologies, the digital gap has reduced the social participation of the elderly, which has aroused great concern among people. From my personal perspective, there are several methods to solve the problem. Firstly,shopping malls, parks and other places cannot refuse to accept cash payments. Then, as young people, we should help to teach them to use smartphones and become more familiar with the Internet. Taking into account what has been argued, we can come to the conclusion that this problem is likely to maintain for quite a long time in the future. And it is high time that we took effective and efficient measures to solve the problem. （3）利弊分析类 ① 必备句式 【首段】总述事物或现象 近年来存在一个这样的问题/现象： ……，这引起了人们的极大关注。但不同的人有不同的看法。 Nowadays/ In recent years, there exists such a question/ phenomenon that ... (句子), which has aroused great concern among people. Views vary from person to person. Almost no one in China can fail to notice the question/ phenomenon that ... ( 句子), which has aroused great concern among people. Views vary from person to person. 【中间段】利弊论述 Opinions are divided on whether it is good or not. There is no denying that it has a lot of advantages. To begin with, … (好处 1). In addition, … ( 好 处 2). However, just like each coin has two sides, there are also many disadvantages. For example, … (弊端 1). Moreover, … (弊端 2). Some people are in favor of the idea that … (好处). They point out the fact that … (观点). However, just like each coin has two sides, others believes that … (弊端). 【尾段】总结全文 Taking into account what has been argued, it’s not hard to find that … (句子). As far as I am concerned/ In my opinion, …(句子). ② 参考范文 Different Attitudes Towards Shopping In recent years, there exists such a phenomenon that, with the development of society and economy, shopping has become a hot topic in the society. But views on this issue vary from person to person. Opinions are divided on whether it is good or not. Some people regard shopping as a hobby.They believe shopping is very interesting. However, others just think going shopping always takes up too much time and energy, so they argue that this activity is boring and tiring. From my point of view, shopping rationally can enrich our life and sometimes it even reshapes our way of life. I think if we shop properly, shopping really can enhance our sense of happiness. （4）观点论证类 ① 必备句式 【首段】提出观点 近年来存在一个这样的观点：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 Nowadays/ In recent years, there exists such an opinion/ a view that ... (句子), which has aroused great concern among people. Almost no one in China can fail to notice the opinion/ view that ... (句子), which has aroused great concern among people. 【中间段】具体论据 总起句：原因如下。The specific reasons are as follows. 分点陈述 First and foremost/ Firstly/ First of all, 论据 1 In addition/ Secondly/ What’s more, 论据 2 Last but not least/ Finally, 论据 3 【尾段】总结全文 Taking into account what has been argued, it's not hard to find that… (句子). As far as I am concerned/ In my opinion, l firmly support the view that... (观点). ② 参考范文 Reusing Textbooks It is well known that when students graduate, most of their textbooks are often thrown away.This is a waste of resources. As a result, some people think that textbooks should be reused. The specific reasons are as follows. To begin with, textbooks can be reused, which can avoida lot of waste. Second, the repeated use of textbooks will reduce the cost. Thirdly, the reuse of more second-hand textbooks will save a lot of natural resources. To sum up, in my opinion, we should advocate the reuse of textbooks. For one thing, students can spend less on books. For another, it can help raise students’awareness to cherish natural resources. 记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以叙述和描写为表达方式的文体。 （1）以写人为主的记叙文，应该注意肖像描写、行动描写、语言描写、心理描写，以 及对细节的描写。考生应根据写作的要求，灵活处理，突出重点。 （2）以写事为主的记叙文，应该注意交代六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、 结果），注意描写的先后顺序、记事的完整性，并把握好事情的开始、发展、高潮及结局。 （3）以写景为主的记叙文，应该注意景物的主要特征，景物描写的层次，以及人与物 的情感交融。 1. 行文思路 首段：背景或介绍引出全文 中间段：具体叙述细节 尾段：总结全文 【注意 1】记叙文六大要素，即五个 W 和一个 H：时间（when）、地点（where）、人物（who）、事件（what）、原因（why）和结果（how） ；也可以将这六大要素概括为时间（time）、地点（place）、人物（character）、事件的原因（cause ）、经过（process）和结果（effect）。 【注意2】描写的先后顺序、记事的完整性，并把握好事情的开始、发展、高潮及结局。 2. 写作要领 ① 写作视角 第一人称：是写作者以当事人的口气来叙述，是一种主观表现手法，给读者一种亲切自然 的感觉。由于作者是以叙述亲身经历的方式表达自己的思想情感，更能引起读者共鸣 第三人称：写作者从旁观者角度来叙述事件，是客观的表现手法，能够充分反映事件中各 个人的感受与见解，从整体的视角来叙述事件，文章客观性强 ② 写作时态 一般情况多用过去时态 客观描述时现在时态 人物对话时需要用直接引语，时态选择需依托现在语境 ③ 写作顺序 顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索，但这种方法也容易使文 章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味 倒叙、插叙等表达方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅 读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中 3. 范文赏析 My Best Friend Upon reading the expression “best friend”, a figure Jumps into my mind, Zhang Ye, my schoolmate in high school. During the three years in high school, we shared countless moments of laughter and tears. She is of medium height and slim figure. Though not strong, she is really a girl with amazing perseverance. Despite the similarities in our outlook on life and living, it is always she, the physically weaker one, who encouraged and urged me to finish some tasks when I was about to give up. When we were preparing for the exam, she cheered me up emotionally and gave me a hand whenever I was in trouble. Without a doubt, Zhang Ye is really a true friend of mine. I believe the friendship between us will be the life-time beacon for both of us. 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，用简洁明了的语言来解释说明事物，阐明事理，从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。它要求语言简明扼要、通俗易懂，说明过程讲究层次性和条理性。 1. 行文思路 首段：提出文章主题（文章想要阐述、说明的内容） 中间段：展开说明文章主题 尾段：总结归纳 2. 常见说明方法 罗列法：在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点 举例法：用具体的例子来说明要表达的意思 比较法：对两个对象进行比较，从而进行说明的写作手法 定义法：以下定义的方式对具体事物概念进行说明 顺序法：指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法 分类法：将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法 3. 范文赏析 How to Relieve Pressure Pressure is an inevitable part of our life, such as academic pressure, pressure from parents and so on. But there are many ways to relieve pressure. First, I will spend some time doing physical exercise. Walking or running helps me release my tension. Secondly, I have some hobbies, such as reading or painting, which makes me relax myself. Finally, I talk to my friends and family about my concerns.Sharing my feelings can relieve my stress. As far as I am concerned, when stress does occur, it is important to recognize it and deal with it rather than escape from it. 【真题练手】 在校园里、在大街上、在公园里、在旅游景点，你会看到越来越多的人穿着汉服。请谈谈你对此现象的看法。 （1）你所了解的汉服热现象。 （提示：穿汉服的群体如青少年、大学生、中老年人；穿汉服的场所如校园、公园、旅游景点；穿汉服的时间如节假日、日常生活中） （2）你自己是否愿意尝试穿汉服？为什么？ （3）你对汉服受到大众喜爱的看法。 （提示：传统文化、文化自信、时尚、美丽、舒适等） 写作要求： （1）词数不少于80。 （2）鼓励紧扣主题的适当发挥。 （3）本题在答题卡上对应处作答。 My Views on the Craze for Hanfu ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 现在许多年轻人将使用过的物品放在网上交易，请谈谈你对此现象的看法。 内容包括： （1）你所知道的网上二手物品交易现象： （提示：相关网站：学习用品如书籍、纸笔；生活用品如衣服、鞋包；电子设备如手机、电脑等） （2）列举你或同学、亲友的相关经历； （3）你对网上二手物品交易的看法。 （提示：省钱、环保、便捷等；注意避免不当交易及上当受骗） 写作要求： （1）词数不少于80。 （2）鼓励紧扣主题的适当发挥。 （3）本题在答题卡上对应处作答。 My Views on Buying and Selling Second-hand Items Online ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 07书面表达 【考纲解读】 书面表达是英语考试中的必考项，要求考生运用所学的词汇、语法、句型和其他相关知识进行写作。该部分相对较难，主要考查考生综合运用英语知识的能力。根据考试大纲规定，考生应在规定的时间内根据所给的题目要求完成一篇限定词数的英语作文。作文的体裁主要有四类：应用文、记叙文、议论文和说明文，要求表述清晰、语句连贯、用词准确、基本无语法错误等。 【考点精讲】 （一）应用文 1. 书信 （1）格式 常见的英文书信主要由称呼、正文、结尾语和署名构成。具体格式如下所示。 Dear Tom, > 称 呼 > 正 文 > 结尾语 > 署 名 I am writing this letter to...Looking forward to your reply... Yours sincerely, Li Ming （1）称呼：是对收信（件）人的称谓，靠左边顶格自成一行，且称呼后常用逗号。 ① 不特定的收件人：Dear Sir or Madam/ To Whom It May Concern ② 特定的收件人：Dear+人名（例：Dear Bob） Dear+性别+人名（例：Dear Mr. Bob） Dear+职务（例：Dear Editor） Dear+职务+人名（例：Dear Prof. Smith） （2）正文：正文是书信的主体部分，即写信人要表达的内容。一般来说，写信人需要在开头部分简明扼要地阐明写信目的，然后表述情况，提出想法或要求，并进行必要的解释或说明。 （3）结尾语：指的是书信结尾部分的恭维话，相当于中文书信最后的“祝好 ”“致礼 ”之类的话语。常放于信的右下方。常见表达有：Yours sincerely/ Yours。 （4）署名：署名常置于结尾语下面一行左下角的位置，根据提纲所给，不写自己真实姓名。 （2）内容 常考的书信类型包括邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、投诉信、申请信和求助信等。 求助信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】写信目的——提出请求 I’m writing to ask for your help/ ask you to do me a favor. I wonder if you could help me to solve a problem. 【中间句】具体信息——陈述困难及希望得到的帮助 I find it difficult for me to … I have some difficulties/ troubles in … Faced with so many problems, I really need your help/ I’m eager to get your help. 【尾句】寒暄——希望得到帮助，并向对方表示感谢 Would/ Could you please offer me some advice/ suggestions on…? I would be grateful if you could help me. ③ 参考范文 Dear Mr. Smith, How is everything going? I’m writing to ask for your help. I want to take part in the English Talent Show next term. Since I am good at spoken English,I want to prepare a performance related to spoken English, but I don't know how to do it. In addition, this is my first time to participate in the competition and I want to get a good result. Can you give me some guidance and advice? I would be very grateful if you could help me. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 邀请信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】写信目的——发出邀请 Would you like to join us in…? I wonder if you can come to … I am writing to invite you to … 【中间句】具体信息——具体介绍 As scheduled, the meeting/ party will be held … During the … , we will have lots of activities which you will be interested in. First/ To begin with, … Second/ Besides, … Third/ In addition, … I’m sure you will have a good time/ enjoy yourself. 【尾句】寒暄——表达希望对方的到来及期待收到对方的回复 I’m looking forward to your reply/ coming. I really/ do hope you’ll be able to come. It would be an honor to me if you would accept my invitation. ③ 参考范文 Dear Tom, How is everything going? I am writing to invite you to stay at my home during this winter vacation.I’m excited to introduce you to my family. Firstly, we can visit my city together and eat the delicious food made by my family. Secondly, you can experience the Spring Festival, one of the traditional festivals in China. At that time, we will make dumplings together. I’m sure you’ll enjoythe experience and make some unforgettable memories. I am looking forward to your reply. I do hope you’ll be able to come. Yours, Li Hua 申请信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】寒暄+目的——提出申请 I’m writing to apply for... I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position. I have learned from your advertisement that your company needs … 【中间句】具体信息——具体说明申请原因或优势 I’m writing to apply for... I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position. I have learned from your advertisement that your company needs … 【尾句】寒暄——表达期待收到对方的回复 I will be very grateful if you can give me the opportunity. If I get the chance, I will try my best to do it. My phone number is … Thank you very much for your kind consideration/ attention. I’m looking forward to your early reply. ③ 参考范文 Dear Mr. Peter, How is everything going? I am writing to ask for a two-day sick leave.It’s because I caught a bad cold when I came home from school yesterday. I have a fever and cough, and the doctor says I need to rest at home, so I can't go to class. I'm really sorry, but I'llfind a way to make up for it later. Thank you for your understanding. I hope you can accept my application. I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 投诉信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息+解决办法 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】寒暄+ 目的——提出投诉 I’m writing to you to complain about … I want to express my dissatisfaction with … It is a great pity that we find there is something wrong with … I am completely disappointed/ upset to find that … 【中间句】具体信息——具体说明+解决办法 To improve the situation, you can take the following measures. I think several measures should be taken to solve the problems. 【尾句】寒暄——希望对方给予考虑并尽快回复 I do hope that the problems can be solved as soon as possible. I’m looking forward to your reply/ hearing from you. I hope I can get my refund as soon as possible. ③ 参考范文 Dear Customer Service of Travel Agency, I am Li Ming. I am writing this letter to complain about the trip I took to Beijing organized by your company last month. The specific reasons for my complaint are as follows. First of all, the hotel I live in is very bad, which seriously affects my sleep. Secondly, I did not enjoy the food you mentioned duringthe trip. These experiences had a great impact on me. I hope your company will take measures to improve the quality of service. I do hope that the problems can be solved as soon as possible. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 道歉信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息+弥补方案 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】寒暄+ 目的——表示抱歉 I am writing this letter to express my/ our regret … I’m writing to apologize/ say sorry for … 【中间句】具体信息——具体说明+弥补方案 We promise that such a matter will never happen again. To make up for my fault, I will … 【尾句】寒暄——请求对方谅解 Please allow me to express my deep apologies again. I sincerely hope that you can accept my apologies. Once again, I am really sorry for any inconvenience caused. ③ 参考范文 Dear Tom, I am Li Ming. How is everything going? I am writing to express my sincere apology to you.I’m sorry that I didn’t see you off at the airport last Saturday, because I took part in an English test that day. I hope everything goes well with you after you went back to America. Please accept my sincere apology and don’t forget to keep in touch.Please allow me to express my deep apologies again. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 感谢信 ① 行文思路 首句：（寒暄+）写信目的 中间句：具体信息 尾句：寒暄 ② 必备句式 【首句】寒暄+ 目的——表示感谢 I am writing this letter to thank you for … I am writing to express my sincere thanks for … I am truly grateful to you for … 【中间句】具体信息——感谢的具体原因 It was kind/ thoughtful/ nice of you to … You were so kind to … Without your help, I wouldn’t have done … 【尾句】寒暄——再次表示感谢 Thanks again for your kind/ generous help and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. Please accept my sincere thanks for your help once again. I really appreciate your kind help. ③ 参考范文 Dear Lucy, I’m writing this letter to thank you for helping me with my English. Thanks to your help with my English, I am admitted to Shenzhen University. Without your help, I might not be able to get into this university. Your methods and skills have benefited me a lot, and I believe I can make greater achievements on this basis. I hope I can use the method you taught me to improve my spoken English in the future. Thanks again for your kind help and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. Yours, Li Hua 2. 通知 1. 格式 通知一般由标题、正文、落款和日期四部分组成。具体格式如下所示。 Notice It is decided that...We hope all students could have a nice day... Student Union May 1, 2020 （1）标题：通常应用醒目字体在通知上面正中位置写明 Notice 或者 NOTICE 一词作为标志。 （2）正文：正文是通知的主体部分，要写明与事件相关的具体内容、时间、地点、对象、 要求等。正文常采用被动语态，多用第三人称。 （3）落款：发出通知的人或单位名称，落款一般写在通知的右下角，如 The Student Union（学生会）。 （4）日期：书面通知要写日期，布告式通知的日期一般写在最后一行左下角，也可以写在 右下角或者右上角（考试时写作要求中一般不给出下达通知的日期，所以此部分内容可省略 不写）。 2. 内容 ① 行文思路 首句——通知缘由/事项（时间、地点、活动等） 尾句——表示欢迎和期待 ② 必备句式 【通知缘由】 We are glad to tell you that there will be … to help you learn English. In order to enrich our after-school activities, we are going to hold … Our school will organize a related lecture on … 【通知事项】 The meeting will be held in the library/ stadium/ hall at … The lecture will last about … and all the teachers and students are required to be present. Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups after the lecture. If you would like to take part in … , please come and sign up for it. By then, there will be many activities you are sure to be interested in, including … 【表示欢迎和期待】 We are expecting your attendance/ participation. All are welcome to be present at the contest/ lecture. Those who want to take part in it please sign up at … ③ 参考范文 NOTICE In order to enhance students’safety consciousness, the Student Union will invite Professor Wang to give us a lecture on campus security. It will be held in the meeting room of our school from 7:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. this Friday. In the lecture, you will learn about all aspects of campus safety. In addition, experts will share practical tips and strategies to help you stay safe on campus.We encourage all students to attend this important event. Remember to be here on time. The Student Union December 1st （2） 议论文 议论文是指针对某个问题、事物或事件采用摆事实、讲道理的方法进行分析、评论，表 明自己观点、立场、态度、主张的一类文体。议论文要求语言必须简练、准确。写作时应尽 量避免使用口语，多用书面语。另外，可适当使用名言警句。 1. 格式 【文章结构】三段式 首段——提出论点 中间段——分析论证 尾段——得出结论 2. 内容 （1）现象分析类 ① 必备句式 【首段】引出现象 Nowadays, there exists such a phenomenon that..., which has aroused great concern among people. 近年来存在一个这样的现象：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 Almost no one in China can fail to notice the phenomenon that..., which has aroused great 在中国几乎无人不知无人不晓这一现象：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 【中间段】分析原因或影响 l总起句：据我所知/在我看来，存在一些导致这种现象的原因。 From my personal perspective, there are several reasons leading to/ contributing to this phenomenon. From my personal perspective, several reasons leading to this phenomenon are as follows. 分点陈述 First and foremost/ Firstly/ First of all, 原因 1/影响 1 In addition/ Secondly/ What’s more, 原因 2/影响 2 Last but not least/ Finally, 原因 3/影响 3 【尾段】得出结论 综上所述，我们可以得出结论，这种现象在未来很长一段时间内可能会持续。不难发现，现在是我们采取有效措施来解决这一现象的时候了。 Taking into account what has been argued, we can come to the conclusion that this phenomenon is likely to maintain for quite a long time in the future. It’s not hard to find that it is high time that we took effective and efficient measures to solve the phenomenon. ② 参考范文 My View on Students not Paying Attention to English Spelling Nowadays, there exists such a phenomenon that students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study, which has aroused great concern among people. From my personal perspective,there are several reasons leading to this phenomenon.Firstly,exam-oriented education makes students pay less attention to spelling.Secondly,some teachers should also be responsible for it because they don’t emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching.Finally,some students are too lazy to recite words. Taking into account what has been argued,we can come to the conclusion that this phenomenon is likely to maintain for quite a long time in the future.It’s not hard to find that it is high time that we took effective and efficient measures to solve the phenomenon. （2）问题解决类 ① 必备句式 【首段】提出问题 Nowadays/ In recent years, there exists such a question that... (句子) , which has aroused great concern among people. 近年来存在一个这样的问题：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 Almost no one in China can fail to notice the question that... , which has aroused great concern among people. 在中国几乎无人不知无人不晓这一现象：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 Therefore, great attention should be paid to this issue. 因此，应该高度重视这个问题。 【中间段】说明方法 总起句：据我所知/在我看来，有几种方法可以解决上述问题。 From my personal perspective, there are several methods to solve the problem. 分点陈述 First and foremost/ Firstly/ First of all, 方法 1 In addition/ Secondly/ What’s more, 方法 2 Last but not least/ Finally, 方法 3 【尾段】总结全文 Taking into account what has been argued, it’s not hard to find that it is high time that we took effective and efficient measures to solve the problem. 考虑到这些争论，我们不难发现，是时候采取有效的措施来解决这个问题了。 As far as I am concerned, we can come to the conclusion that this problem is likely to maintain for quite a long time in the future. 就我而言，我们可以得出结论，这个问题在未来很长一段时间内可能会持续下去。 ② 参考范文 How to Bridge the Digital Gap for the Elderly In recent years, there exists such a question that, with the increasing development of technologies, the digital gap has reduced the social participation of the elderly, which has aroused great concern among people. From my personal perspective, there are several methods to solve the problem. Firstly,shopping malls, parks and other places cannot refuse to accept cash payments. Then, as young people, we should help to teach them to use smartphones and become more familiar with the Internet. Taking into account what has been argued, we can come to the conclusion that this problem is likely to maintain for quite a long time in the future. And it is high time that we took effective and efficient measures to solve the problem. （3）利弊分析类 ① 必备句式 【首段】总述事物或现象 近年来存在一个这样的问题/现象： ……，这引起了人们的极大关注。但不同的人有不同的看法。 Nowadays/ In recent years, there exists such a question/ phenomenon that ... (句子), which has aroused great concern among people. Views vary from person to person. Almost no one in China can fail to notice the question/ phenomenon that ... ( 句子), which has aroused great concern among people. Views vary from person to person. 【中间段】利弊论述 Opinions are divided on whether it is good or not. There is no denying that it has a lot of advantages. To begin with, … (好处 1). In addition, … ( 好 处 2). However, just like each coin has two sides, there are also many disadvantages. For example, … (弊端 1). Moreover, … (弊端 2). Some people are in favor of the idea that … (好处). They point out the fact that … (观点). However, just like each coin has two sides, others believes that … (弊端). 【尾段】总结全文 Taking into account what has been argued, it’s not hard to find that … (句子). As far as I am concerned/ In my opinion, …(句子). ② 参考范文 Different Attitudes Towards Shopping In recent years, there exists such a phenomenon that, with the development of society and economy, shopping has become a hot topic in the society. But views on this issue vary from person to person. Opinions are divided on whether it is good or not. Some people regard shopping as a hobby.They believe shopping is very interesting. However, others just think going shopping always takes up too much time and energy, so they argue that this activity is boring and tiring. From my point of view, shopping rationally can enrich our life and sometimes it even reshapes our way of life. I think if we shop properly, shopping really can enhance our sense of happiness. （4）观点论证类 ① 必备句式 【首段】提出观点 近年来存在一个这样的观点：……，引起了人们的极大关注。 Nowadays/ In recent years, there exists such an opinion/ a view that ... (句子), which has aroused great concern among people. Almost no one in China can fail to notice the opinion/ view that ... (句子), which has aroused great concern among people. 【中间段】具体论据 总起句：原因如下。The specific reasons are as follows. 分点陈述 First and foremost/ Firstly/ First of all, 论据 1 In addition/ Secondly/ What’s more, 论据 2 Last but not least/ Finally, 论据 3 【尾段】总结全文 Taking into account what has been argued, it's not hard to find that… (句子). As far as I am concerned/ In my opinion, l firmly support the view that... (观点). ② 参考范文 Reusing Textbooks It is well known that when students graduate, most of their textbooks are often thrown away.This is a waste of resources. As a result, some people think that textbooks should be reused. The specific reasons are as follows. To begin with, textbooks can be reused, which can avoida lot of waste. Second, the repeated use of textbooks will reduce the cost. Thirdly, the reuse of more second-hand textbooks will save a lot of natural resources. To sum up, in my opinion, we should advocate the reuse of textbooks. For one thing, students can spend less on books. For another, it can help raise students’awareness to cherish natural resources. 记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以叙述和描写为表达方式的文体。 （1）以写人为主的记叙文，应该注意肖像描写、行动描写、语言描写、心理描写，以 及对细节的描写。考生应根据写作的要求，灵活处理，突出重点。 （2）以写事为主的记叙文，应该注意交代六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、 结果），注意描写的先后顺序、记事的完整性，并把握好事情的开始、发展、高潮及结局。 （3）以写景为主的记叙文，应该注意景物的主要特征，景物描写的层次，以及人与物 的情感交融。 1. 行文思路 首段：背景或介绍引出全文 中间段：具体叙述细节 尾段：总结全文 【注意 1】记叙文六大要素，即五个 W 和一个 H：时间（when）、地点（where）、人物（who）、事件（what）、原因（why）和结果（how） ；也可以将这六大要素概括为时间（time）、地点（place）、人物（character）、事件的原因（cause ）、经过（process）和结果（effect）。 【注意2】描写的先后顺序、记事的完整性，并把握好事情的开始、发展、高潮及结局。 2. 写作要领 ① 写作视角 第一人称：是写作者以当事人的口气来叙述，是一种主观表现手法，给读者一种亲切自然 的感觉。由于作者是以叙述亲身经历的方式表达自己的思想情感，更能引起读者共鸣 第三人称：写作者从旁观者角度来叙述事件，是客观的表现手法，能够充分反映事件中各 个人的感受与见解，从整体的视角来叙述事件，文章客观性强 ② 写作时态 一般情况多用过去时态 客观描述时现在时态 人物对话时需要用直接引语，时态选择需依托现在语境 ③ 写作顺序 顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索，但这种方法也容易使文 章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味 倒叙、插叙等表达方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅 读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中 3. 范文赏析 My Best Friend Upon reading the expression “best friend”, a figure Jumps into my mind, Zhang Ye, my schoolmate in high school. During the three years in high school, we shared countless moments of laughter and tears. She is of medium height and slim figure. Though not strong, she is really a girl with amazing perseverance. Despite the similarities in our outlook on life and living, it is always she, the physically weaker one, who encouraged and urged me to finish some tasks when I was about to give up. When we were preparing for the exam, she cheered me up emotionally and gave me a hand whenever I was in trouble. Without a doubt, Zhang Ye is really a true friend of mine. I believe the friendship between us will be the life-time beacon for both of us. 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，用简洁明了的语言来解释说明事物，阐明事理，从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。它要求语言简明扼要、通俗易懂，说明过程讲究层次性和条理性。 1. 行文思路 首段：提出文章主题（文章想要阐述、说明的内容） 中间段：展开说明文章主题 尾段：总结归纳 2. 常见说明方法 罗列法：在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点 举例法：用具体的例子来说明要表达的意思 比较法：对两个对象进行比较，从而进行说明的写作手法 定义法：以下定义的方式对具体事物概念进行说明 顺序法：指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法 分类法：将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法 3. 范文赏析 How to Relieve Pressure Pressure is an inevitable part of our life, such as academic pressure, pressure from parents and so on. But there are many ways to relieve pressure. First, I will spend some time doing physical exercise. Walking or running helps me release my tension. Secondly, I have some hobbies, such as reading or painting, which makes me relax myself. Finally, I talk to my friends and family about my concerns.Sharing my feelings can relieve my stress. As far as I am concerned, when stress does occur, it is important to recognize it and deal with it rather than escape from it. 【真题练手】 在校园里、在大街上、在公园里、在旅游景点，你会看到越来越多的人穿着汉服。请谈谈你对此现象的看法。 （1）你所了解的汉服热现象。 （提示：穿汉服的群体如青少年、大学生、中老年人；穿汉服的场所如校园、公园、旅游景点；穿汉服的时间如节假日、日常生活中） （2）你自己是否愿意尝试穿汉服？为什么？ （3）你对汉服受到大众喜爱的看法。 （提示：传统文化、文化自信、时尚、美丽、舒适等） 写作要求： （1）词数不少于80。 （2）鼓励紧扣主题的适当发挥。 （3）本题在答题卡上对应处作答。 My Views on the Craze for Hanfu ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Views on the Craze for Hanfu In recent years, more and more people are wearing Hanfu, the traditional Chinese clothing. I see students wearing it at school, people walking in the streets, and even grandparents at the park. It’s really cool! I want to try Hanfu too, because it looks beautiful and traditional, with pretty designs and flowing shapes that show our culture. I think wearing Hanfu makes us proud of our culture, as it’s a part of our history and identity. I’m happy to see so many people like Hanfu. It shows that we value our traditional culture and want to keep it alive. I hope more people will wear Hanfu in the future. 【解析】 【导语】本文属于议论文。要求考生描述汉服热现象，表达自己是否愿意尝试汉服的意愿，以及分析汉服受大众喜爱的原因。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 近年来：In recent years→ Over the past few years 穿汉服：wearing Hanfu→ dressing in Hanfu 传统中国服饰：the traditional Chinese clothing→ traditional Chinese garments 传承：keep it alive→ pass down 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m happy to see so many people like Hanfu. It shows that we value our traditional culture and want to keep it alive. 拓展句：I’m happy to see so many people like Hanfu, because it shows that we value our traditional culture and want to keep it alive. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I want to try Hanfu too, because it looks beautiful and traditional, with pretty designs and flowing shapes that show our culture. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】 It shows that we value our traditional culture and want to keep it alive.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 现在许多年轻人将使用过的物品放在网上交易，请谈谈你对此现象的看法。 内容包括： （1）你所知道的网上二手物品交易现象： （提示：相关网站：学习用品如书籍、纸笔；生活用品如衣服、鞋包；电子设备如手机、电脑等） （2）列举你或同学、亲友的相关经历； （3）你对网上二手物品交易的看法。 （提示：省钱、环保、便捷等；注意避免不当交易及上当受骗） 写作要求： （1）词数不少于80。 （2）鼓励紧扣主题的适当发挥。 （3）本题在答题卡上对应处作答。 My Views on Buying and Selling Second-hand Items Online ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Views on Buying and Selling Second-hand Items Online In recent years, second-hand transactions have become quite common. Nowadays there are more and more secondhand goods in the Internet, such as secondhand books, furniture, appliances, cars, and so on. I believe that buying and selling second-hand items online can be a great way to save money, reduce waste, and find unique treasures. With the convenience of online platforms, it can easily connect with others who are looking forward to selling items they no longer need. However, it is important to be cautious when buying second-hand items online. You need to avoid scams or purchasing low-quality items. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生谈谈网上二手物品交易现象。 【详解】1.词汇积累 例如：such as → for example 独特的：unique → distinctive 与...联系：connect with → keep in touch with 不再：no longer → no more 2. 句式拓展 原句：You need to avoid scams or purchasing low-quality items. 拓展句：In order to avoid scams and purchasing low-quality items, you need to be more vigilant. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe that buying and selling second-hand items online can be a great way to save money, reduce waste, and find unique treasures.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】it is important to be cautious when buying second-hand items online.（运用了it作形式主语和when引导时间状语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$