专题04 阅读选择（考点精讲）-【中职专用】2025年职教高考英语二轮复习专项突破（江苏专用）

04阅读选择 【考纲解读】 阅读理解在英语考试中的分值占比较高，因此重要性很高。阅读理解的文章涉及的主题多样，包括个人与家庭、学校生活、日常生活、休闲娱乐、健康、居住环境、出行、科学技术、工作、节日与习俗等多个领域。体裁以记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文为主。阅读理 解的题型一般为阅读选择、阅读翻译和阅读填空三种。阅读选择为常规的文章阅读，需要根据文章内容进行“四选一 ”作答；阅读翻译考查的句子为阅读选择的文章中出现的句子，一般为较复杂的长难句；阅读填空需要根据文章提供的信息进行表格填空。 【考点精讲】 阅读选择的考查方式基本包括细节信息题、推理判断题、词/句义猜测题和主旨大意题这四类题型。考查考生通过阅读获取书面信息的能力，包括综合理解能力以及推断和总结概括的能力。 1. 细节信息题 （1）出题规律 常用 wh-/ how 等特殊疑问词提问文章具体信息 e.g. What did the father expect Galileo to be? 题干中具体信息挖空 e.g. Some people order the most expensive dishes on a menu because . （2）解题技巧 找：阅读题干，找关键词 定：返回文中，精确定位 得：对比选项，得出答案 关键词特征 1.特殊词：数词、专有名词、连字符词、引号词、概念词； 2.普通名词（短语）：优先选易成为句子主干的名词短语； 3.动词短语：原词或同义替换词； 4.特殊必选词：形容词的比较级和最高级、情态动词、动词的特殊时态表达。 定位处特征 定位处与题干重合度高（相同或同义替换）。 注意 1.精读原句，不要进行任何推理，直接比对选项得答案； 2.如果命题句看不懂，则根据最近的上下句理解。 【例1】Galileo Galilei was born in 1564. He was born in the town of Pisa, in what is now Italy. When he was 20 years old, he was studying in Pisa．Galileo was bored with school. The only subject he really liked was math. Because he was doing well in math, the court mathematician (数学家) offered to teach him privately. He said Galileo could become an excellent mathematician. However, Galileo’s father wanted him to be a doctor. What did the father expect Galileo to be? A.A doctor. B.A teacher. C.An inventor. D.A mathematician. 【例2】Food choices have little to do with hunger. You may eat what your friends eat. You may use food to identify yourself as a member of a group. Some people order the most expensive dishes on a menu, just to show that they can afford them. Expensive food, like an expensive car, can help to make some people feel important. Low-cost menu choices may be just as good dishes. Some people order the most expensive dishes on a menu because . A.there are no cheap ones B.expensive dishes are popular C.they want to show they are rich D.they want to treat their friends better 2. 推理判断题 主要考查的是考生根据文章所述内容进行推理和判断的能力。主要包括细节推理、作者 态度、文章出处三类。 （1）细节推理 出题规律 ① It is implied (暗示、意味着) in paragraph x... ② What can be inferred (推断、推论) from paragraph x. ③ What does ... suggest (暗示)/ show? ④ What do we know about/ can we know from…? 解题技巧 ① 找：阅读题干，找关键词 ② 定：返回文中，精确定位 ③ 得：对比选项，得出答案 注意事项 ① no推 no die，最佳答案往往是原文信息的同义转述； ② 有时需要挖掘文中隐藏的重要线索，尤其是代词指代和逻辑关系（因果、转折、让步、 否定、对比等）； ③ 错误答案往往与原文相关，符合常识，但原文并未出现；或者过度推理，无中生有。 【例】Over the next few months, White created a piece of warning equipment called“Guardian”. Fixed on treetops, Guardians can pick up the sound of cutting machine from as far as two thirds of a mile away. When a Guardian catches a sound of cutting trees, it sends an alarm to forest guards, indicating where the sound is coming from. The guards then set off to stop the illegal activity.“If you respond in time, there’s a chance that you can stop much of the treecutting,”White said. What can be inferred about Guardians? A .They can locate the tree cutting site. B.They help White make much money. C.They produce noise to stop tree cutting. D.They drive away wildlife from treetops. （2）作者态度 出题规律 ① The author’s attitude towards…is that .【作者态度】 ② Which of the following best describes the author ’s attitude towards…?【作者态度】 ③ From the text, we can see that the writer seems .【作者观点】 ④ From Paragraph 1, we know that the author .【作者观点】 解题技巧 ① 搞清楚题干中 who to what； ② 优先找直接表态的句子； ③ 找表情感态度的词； ④ 借助褒贬义词解题； ⑤ 有时只需判断某人的大致方向态度即可解题。 常见表现方式 ① 强转折，问号 ② 形容词：good, fortunate ③ 副词：luckily ④ 否定词 ：unfortunate (un-/ dis-/ in-/ im-/ il-/ ir-/ -less)/ no/ not/ hardly/ few/ little ⑤ 方向词：lose/ fail/ reduce/ increase/ rise 【例】Nowadays more and more people stop using plastic straws (吸管). The waste created by plastic straws is unbelievable. In the United States alone, 500 million straws are thrown away every day. That’s enough straws to wrap around the earth 2.5 times each day. 【para.1】 From Paragraph 1, we know that the author . A.expects Americans to stop using plastic straws B.wants to show how serious the problem is C.plans to wrap the earth with straws D.cares little about plastic pollution （3）文章出处 出题规律 ① In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear? ② In which section of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? ② The passage is probably taken from a magazine about . ④ You may find the article in . ⑤ Where do we probably read the passage? 解题技巧 ① 文章话题——文中反复出现的高频实词 ② 文章主旨——首尾段、中间段首尾句 ② 文章文体特征 【例】Eating is usually a group activity. Different groups develop their own food preferences (偏好). We can even tell which group of people a person belongs to from his food choice. And these food choices are passed on from parents to their children. When the children grow up, they feel most comfortable with the food they have in their own homes. Food choices have little to do with hunger. You may eat what your friends eat. You may use food to identify yourself as a member of a group. Some people order the most expensive dishes on a menu, just to show that they can afford them. Expensive food, like an expensive car, can help to make some people feel important. Low-cost menu choices may be just as good dishes. Your feelings and your appetite work together. You may overeat when you are worried or lonely.People sometimes eat when they feel unsafe or think that no one likes them or they may eat to calm themselves. Feeling may also cause under-eating. People who feel sad may eat very little. They regard themselves as heavier than they really are or they think being thin is beautiful. Many people worry so much about being too heavy that they don’t eat enough. They may become weak or even sick from not having enough food. In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear? A ．Technology. B ．Life. C ．Entertainment. D ．Science. 3.词/句义猜测题 考查的是考生联系上下文解释文中某个词、短语或句子（可能有下划线，也可能没有） 的能力。词义/句义猜测题主要有三个考查角度：代词指代、词义猜测和句义猜测。在解答这类题目时，考生必须在读懂句子本身意思的基础上，结合上下文，判断其在文中的意义。 （1）出题规律 ①The underlined“xxx”is closest in meaning to . ②The word“xxx”in the passage probably means . ③The underlined“xxx”refers to . ④The underlined“xxx”means . ⑤The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means . （2）解题技巧 利用上下文推测词义； 返回原文找出原词，寻找特殊标点、定语从句、举例处、转折处、定义处、并列论据处等同义替换关系； 答案往往不出现于生词所在的句子中，而是出现在这个句子的上一句或下一句中；注意代词指代（被指代的对象一般出现在代词所在句的前一两句中）。 【例1】“She comes when I call.She has never left me,not even during the river floods,”the man said,“She used to be more vigorous,but she has grown old now.If she dies,I will make her a nice grave here.” What does the underlined word“vigorous”in the last paragraph mean? A．powerful B．energetic C．friendly D．beautiful 【例2】At fourteen,I was hit by a car and the doctors said I would never walk again.Every day,my mother spoke to me,telling me that no matter what those doctors said,I could walk again if I wanted badly enough.She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her. A year later,I returned to school—walking on my own! What does“that message”refer to in Paragraph 3? A．I could return to school. B．I would never walk again. C．I should always believe her. D．I could walk again if I wanted to. 【例3】The form of energy we use must is electricity,and every day more is needed.But electricity also has to be made,and to make it,huge quantities of fuel are required—oil,coal,gas and so on.The question which worries everyone today is:how long will these fuels last?Nobody knows for sure,but most experts think it will soon be difficult to get enough electricity from these sources.It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here,too. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means that the sun may provide us with. A．enough fuels B．enough steam C．enough oil D．enough electricity 4.主旨大意题 主要考查考生对于文章大意或文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力，主要涉及的考查角度包 括段落大意题、全文大意题（文章标题题）等。 （1）出题规律 ①What is the xxx paragraph mainly about?【段落主旨】 ②What is the main purpose/focus/theme/topic of this passage?【文章主旨】 ③The general idea of the passage is .【文章主旨】 ④The passage is mainly about...【文章主旨】 ⑤The best title of the passage could be...【文章主旨】 ⑥In this passage,the author mainly discusses .【文章主旨】 ⑦The passage mainly deals with .【文章主旨】 （2）解题技巧 文章角度 ①通过首尾段、首尾句段判断中心 ②注意设问、特殊符号处 ③围绕转折判断中心：but,however,yet(句首),in fact,unfortunately,instead(of)… ④文章中反复出现的表达 题干角度（题干中反复出现的表达） 【例1】Your life depends on heat.In fact,every living thing depends on it.Without heat every living thing would be frozen to death.All living things get their heat from the sun,which provides the conditions in which life is possible. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Life is better without heat. B．Life is impossible without heat. C．Life is better if there is more heat. D．Life is impossible in the cold season. 【例2】The word“hot”usually means“having a lot of heat”.Many people think that“cold” is something completely separated from heat.But this is not true.“Cold”simply means“having a little heat”.Your life depends on heat.In fact,every living thing depends on it.Without heat every living thing would be frozen to death.All living things get their heat from the sun,which provides the conditions in which life is possible.Since the very beginning of history,man has been able to make his own heat.He has been able to release the sun’s heat that is hidden in things such as wood,coal and oil.And he has been able to use this heat. Heat has made civilization(文明)possible.With heat,man could melt metals.As man learned to use metals and fuels,industries grew.As a result,engines were invented.These are machines that change heat energy into mechanical energy.Engines can do the work of many men.Without engines,industrial civilization is impossible.Yet although the first engines were built in the 17th century,men were still wondering about the nature of heat.“What is it?”they asked.Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer. What is the best title of the passage? A．Industrial Civilization. B．The Form of Heat. C．Hot and Cold. D．Nature of Heat. 解题技巧 一、细节信息题 （一）直接理解题 1. 题干示例 （1）When was he born? （2）When did he pass the exam? （3）When was the machine invented? 2. 应试技巧：抓住题干中的关键词，定位到文章中相应的段落和句子，直接选出和文中句子所述内容一致的选项（一般单词或句子是一样的，未进行变换）。 （二）间接理解题 1. 题干示例 （1）It can be seen from Paragraph 2 that . （2）The Paragraph 2 tells us that . （3）According to the Paragraph 2, we can realize that . 2. 应试技巧：理解题干所问问题，找到文章中表达相关内容的段落和句子。选出和文中句子所述内容相符合或不符合的选项（一般为同义转述），或根据对应的文章内容对选项进行排序。 二、推理判断题 推理判断类的题目考查的是考生根据文章所述内容进行推理和判断的能力。这类题目是阅读理解部分比较难且容易出错的题型，要求考生在读懂原文的基础上对具体细节进行判断推理。因此，考生需要对文章内容中所用的修辞和结构进行深入理解，联系上下文，对问题进行合理有据的分析。 这类题干的示例如下。 （1）What did the author/ man/ woman realize at the end? （2）What do you think is the writer of the passage?/ What may the writer probably be? （3）How does the author/ man/ woman seem to feel about…? 常见的干扰正确选择的选项可以分为以下四类。 （1）简单重复原文，并非推理。 （2）形似推理，但内容与原文不符。 （3）根据常识判断为正确，根据原文判断则错误。 （4）主观臆断。 三、词/句义猜测题 词/句义猜测类的题目考查的是考生联系上下文解释文中某个词、短语或句子（可能有下划线，也可能没有）的能力。此类词、短语或句子要么本身难以理解，要么在文中有特殊作用，要么蕴含了作者或文中某个人物的态度和观点等。因此，考生必须在读懂句子本身意思的基础上，结合上下文，从文章主旨或段落主题出发，判断其在文章中的含义，推断作者或其他人物的态度和观点。 这类题干的示例如下。 （1）The underlined sentence/ word in Paragraph 2 suggests that . （2）The sentence/ word in line can be interpreted as . （3）The sentence/ word “×××” most probably means . 四、主旨大意题 主旨大意类的题目考查的是考生对文章中心思想或作者意图的掌握，需要考生把握文章的中心思想，熟知各段落大意，明晰文章结构，清楚作者的写作目的，以及对文章标题进行选择。 在做此类题目时，可以通过段首、段尾或文章的开头和结尾来寻找线索，以此把握文章的思路和逻辑，归纳总结。在判断主旨句时，要清楚句子是否能够完整地概括全文或全段，语言内容是否准确。 1.题干示例 （1）In the passage, the author/ man/ woman talked a lot about . （2）Which would be the best title of the passage? （3）What would be the best title of this story? 2.应试技巧 （1）找主旨句。通读全文，理解文章大意，找出主旨句（主旨句通常出现在文章第一句或最后一句），充分理解主旨句的意思。 （2）找主题句。阅读文章段落，理解段落大意，找出段落的主题句（主题句通常位于段首，有时会出现在段中或段尾，或无明确的独立句表达主题，需读者自己进行概括总结），充分理解主题句的意思。 （3）梳理文章脉络，明晰作者意图。找出主旨句和主题句后，文章的结构和脉络就会一目了然，考生可在心中或草稿纸上画出文章框架，进而明晰作者的写作目的。 （4）排除干扰选项。常见的干扰正确选择的选项可以分为以下几类： ① 过于笼统：所述内容过于笼统，与原文范围不符 ② 以点代面：内容过于细节化，只是原文所述范围的一部分 ③ 以偏概全：试图以文章某个（不完整的）事实或内容片面地概括全文 ④ 偷换概念：在提问某段信息时偷换概念，以其他段落内容进行描述 ⑤ 主观臆断：所述内容属于非文章事实内容的主观臆断 【真题练手】 A Events for Children and Youth in Grades 1 to 9 The Museum’s calendar is loaded with events that are fun and educational at the same time. Please see the Event Calendar for details on each event. Events Description Discovery Talks Discovery Talks are gallery talks in which Museum researchers discuss their own research projects or scientific topics of interest in the world around us, illustrated with related Museum exhibits. Twice a day on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays. Nature Observation Tours In nature observation tours, children go outdoors to observe things in the natural world, including plants, animals, minerals and fossils. An introduction to basic observation and specimen preparation techniques is also provided. Nighttime Astronomical Observation Observe the stars visible in each season through the Museum’s astronomical telescopes. Offered only on clear nights. It will be held online. Please check the Event Calendar. Fun Science Labs Science and its relation to things we observe in everyday life provide the material for this fun and lively series of experiments. Children learn for themselves as they work on experiments, accompanied by specialist researchers. Saturdays (about eight times a year) The Wonders of Nature: Physics Lab Incredible natural phenomena are going on all around us. In this course, children deepen their appreciation of these phenomena through experiments. Saturdays (about five times a year) Master of Museums Children and students who want to apply for the programme will be required to visit any museums up to 10 times. Submit study records and short essay about your visits. (Maximum 200 words). 41. How many times will Discovery Talks be given on weekends and public holidays? A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day. D. Four times a day. 42. What will the children do if they attend Nature Observation Tours? A. Going outside. B. Traveling abroad. C. Doing experiments. D. Introducing techniques. 43. What will the children observe through the Museum’s astronomical telescopes on clear nights? A. The rockets. B. The planes. C. The stars. D. The spaceships. 44. What is the purpose of the experiments in Fun Science Labs? A For children to collect the material. B. For children to learn for themselves. C. For specialists to do the research. D. For specialists to work on Saturdays. 45. Which event will be attractive to you if you are curious about natural phenomena? A. Discovery Talks. B. Nature Observation Tours. C. Master of Museums. D. The Wonders of Nature: Physics Lab. 46. Why do the children applying for the programme of Master of Museums have to visit any museums up to 10 times? A. They like to. B. They want to. C. They are asked to. D. They are willing to. B The 15-day-old leopard cub (幼豹) doesn’t make a sound as he sits in a sugarcane field in western India. The youngster is waiting for his mother to return from hunting rats, hare, and deer. Most of the year, the eight-foot-tall sugarcane stalks provide a safe, quiet place for cubs to hide in until their mom returns. But it’s March — harvest season in India — and people are working in the field. With so many humans around, Mom is too nervous to return to her baby. As the workers slice through the sugarcane with three-foot-long knives, they find the lonely cub sitting on the ground. He’s so young that his eyes haven’t opened yet. The humans don’t know how long the little one has been alone, but they know that he won’t survive for more than a week without care and food from his mom. Luckily, the harvesters know what to do: They call an animal rescue organization called Wildlife SOS. The rescuers arrive and give the cub a checkup: They check the little wild leopard’s heartbeat, take his temperature, and look for any signs of injury or distress. The cub seems healthy but dehydrated. So they take the cub to their wildlife hospital, where they can give him some water until the cub is ready for the next step — reuniting with his mom. Leopards are active at night. So Mom is most likely to return to the field where she left her cub in the dark when people aren’t around. At dusk, the rescuers place the cub exactly where they found him and attach a camera trap to a bamboo pole nearby. Then they leave. In the middle of the night, the mama leopard walks quietly through the sugarcane. Then she spots her baby on the ground. She gives the cub three big licks on the cheek, gently grabs the youngster in her mouth, then carries him away. 47. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The mama leopard likes to hide in the field. B. The mama leopard is out to hunt rats, hare and deer. C. The leopard cub cries loudly for not seeing his mom. D. The leopard cub is old enough to stay alone. 48. Why does the mama leopard fail to return to her baby? A. She finds many people working around. B. She finds the field a safe place. C. She doesn’t know where the cub is. D. She is busy protecting the other cub. 49. How is the little leopard when he is rescued? A. He has a high fever. B. He is badly injured. C. His heart beats too fast. D. His body loses too much water. 50. How does the cub reunite with his mom? A. He is put where he was left and found by his mom. B. He walks to the bamboo pole and spots his mom. C. He stays with the rescuers and waits for his mom. D. He is given a camera to take pictures of his mom. 51. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The harvesters have a sense of wildlife protection. B. The harvesters are kind to wild animals but unhelpful. C. The harvesters often work in the field in the middle of the night. D. The harvesters always keep little wild animals in the field. C Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such a familiar monologue as: “Get up, John. You’ll be late for work again.” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning, but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. 52. What’s the relationship between the cycles of your energy and your body temperature? A. You feel hot when you have a high fever. B. You feel hot when you are doing physical exercise. C. The more energetic you are, the higher your temperature is. D. The less energetic you are, the higher your temperature is. 53. Which of the following statements is true about the energy cycle? A. Few people have a daily energy cycle. B. Some people don’t have an energy cycle. C. Different people have different energy cycles. D People have never heard of this term. 54. What will happen if family members have no idea of each other’s energy cycle? A. They may have conflicts. B. They may cooperate well. C. They may live a harmonious life. D. They may understand each other. 55. According to Dr. Kleitman, how can people work energetically at their low point? A. Keep to their habitual lifestyle. B. Change their habitual daily routine. C. Insist on staying up late as usual. D. Organize their activities as regularly as usual. 56. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. How to do routine work. B. How to avoid troublesome problems. C. How to save tasks for sharper hours. D. How to save energy for later use. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 04阅读选择 【考纲解读】 阅读理解在英语考试中的分值占比较高，因此重要性很高。阅读理解的文章涉及的主题多样，包括个人与家庭、学校生活、日常生活、休闲娱乐、健康、居住环境、出行、科学技术、工作、节日与习俗等多个领域。体裁以记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文为主。阅读理 解的题型一般为阅读选择、阅读翻译和阅读填空三种。阅读选择为常规的文章阅读，需要根据文章内容进行“四选一 ”作答；阅读翻译考查的句子为阅读选择的文章中出现的句子，一般为较复杂的长难句；阅读填空需要根据文章提供的信息进行表格填空。 【考点精讲】 阅读选择的考查方式基本包括细节信息题、推理判断题、词/句义猜测题和主旨大意题这四类题型。考查考生通过阅读获取书面信息的能力，包括综合理解能力以及推断和总结概括的能力。 1. 细节信息题 （1）出题规律 常用 wh-/ how 等特殊疑问词提问文章具体信息 e.g. What did the father expect Galileo to be? 题干中具体信息挖空 e.g. Some people order the most expensive dishes on a menu because . （2）解题技巧 找：阅读题干，找关键词 定：返回文中，精确定位 得：对比选项，得出答案 关键词特征 1.特殊词：数词、专有名词、连字符词、引号词、概念词； 2.普通名词（短语）：优先选易成为句子主干的名词短语； 3.动词短语：原词或同义替换词； 4.特殊必选词：形容词的比较级和最高级、情态动词、动词的特殊时态表达。 定位处特征 定位处与题干重合度高（相同或同义替换）。 注意 1.精读原句，不要进行任何推理，直接比对选项得答案； 2.如果命题句看不懂，则根据最近的上下句理解。 【例1】Galileo Galilei was born in 1564. He was born in the town of Pisa, in what is now Italy. When he was 20 years old, he was studying in Pisa．Galileo was bored with school. The only subject he really liked was math. Because he was doing well in math, the court mathematician (数学家) offered to teach him privately. He said Galileo could become an excellent mathematician. However, Galileo’s father wanted him to be a doctor. What did the father expect Galileo to be? A.A doctor. B.A teacher. C.An inventor. D.A mathematician. 【解析】A。通过阅读题干可知，题干问的是：父亲希望伽利略成为什么？根据题干中的 father一词定位到最后1句话“Galileo’s father wanted him to be a doctor. ”，由此可知，伽利略的父亲想让他成为一名医生。 【例2】Food choices have little to do with hunger. You may eat what your friends eat. You may use food to identify yourself as a member of a group. Some people order the most expensive dishes on a menu, just to show that they can afford them. Expensive food, like an expensive car, can help to make some people feel important. Low-cost menu choices may be just as good dishes. Some people order the most expensive dishes on a menu because . A.there are no cheap ones B.expensive dishes are popular C.they want to show they are rich D.they want to treat their friends better 【解析】C。根据题干可定位到第 4 句，原因体现在后半句just to show that they can afford them（只是为了显示他们能够买得起）中。C 项（他们想要展示他们有钱）就是对原文表达的同义转述。 2. 推理判断题 主要考查的是考生根据文章所述内容进行推理和判断的能力。主要包括细节推理、作者 态度、文章出处三类。 （1）细节推理 出题规律 ① It is implied (暗示、意味着) in paragraph x... ② What can be inferred (推断、推论) from paragraph x. ③ What does ... suggest (暗示)/ show? ④ What do we know about/ can we know from…? 解题技巧 ① 找：阅读题干，找关键词 ② 定：返回文中，精确定位 ③ 得：对比选项，得出答案 注意事项 ① no推 no die，最佳答案往往是原文信息的同义转述； ② 有时需要挖掘文中隐藏的重要线索，尤其是代词指代和逻辑关系（因果、转折、让步、 否定、对比等）； ③ 错误答案往往与原文相关，符合常识，但原文并未出现；或者过度推理，无中生有。 【例】Over the next few months, White created a piece of warning equipment called“Guardian”. Fixed on treetops, Guardians can pick up the sound of cutting machine from as far as two thirds of a mile away. When a Guardian catches a sound of cutting trees, it sends an alarm to forest guards, indicating where the sound is coming from. The guards then set off to stop the illegal activity.“If you respond in time, there’s a chance that you can stop much of the treecutting,”White said. What can be inferred about Guardians? A .They can locate the tree cutting site. B.They help White make much money. C.They produce noise to stop tree cutting. D.They drive away wildlife from treetops. 【解析】A。题干问的是：关于 Guardians这一设备能够推断出什么？通读本段内容可 知，Guardians能够收集从很远的地方传来的砍树机运作时发出的声音，当Guardians收集到 砍树的声音后它便会向森林保护者们发出警报，告诉他们声音是从哪来的。这样森林保护者们就能够及时出发并制止砍树等非法活动的发生。由此可以推断 Guardians 是能够确定砍伐树木的位置的，故 A 项是正确答案。 （2）作者态度 出题规律 ① The author’s attitude towards…is that .【作者态度】 ② Which of the following best describes the author ’s attitude towards…?【作者态度】 ③ From the text, we can see that the writer seems .【作者观点】 ④ From Paragraph 1, we know that the author .【作者观点】 解题技巧 ① 搞清楚题干中 who to what； ② 优先找直接表态的句子； ③ 找表情感态度的词； ④ 借助褒贬义词解题； ⑤ 有时只需判断某人的大致方向态度即可解题。 常见表现方式 ① 强转折，问号 ② 形容词：good, fortunate ③ 副词：luckily ④ 否定词 ：unfortunate (un-/ dis-/ in-/ im-/ il-/ ir-/ -less)/ no/ not/ hardly/ few/ little ⑤ 方向词：lose/ fail/ reduce/ increase/ rise 【例】Nowadays more and more people stop using plastic straws (吸管). The waste created by plastic straws is unbelievable. In the United States alone, 500 million straws are thrown away every day. That’s enough straws to wrap around the earth 2.5 times each day. 【para.1】 From Paragraph 1, we know that the author . A.expects Americans to stop using plastic straws B.wants to show how serious the problem is C.plans to wrap the earth with straws D.cares little about plastic pollution 【解析】B。在解答这类题目时一定要特别注意作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。针对本段内容，可以发现作者在描述塑料吸管造成的浪费时所用的形容词是unbelievable（难以置信的）。由此可以推断作者认为塑料吸管造成的污染是非常严重的，他希望人们认识到这一点，故B项是正确答案。 （3）文章出处 出题规律 ① In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear? ② In which section of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? ② The passage is probably taken from a magazine about . ④ You may find the article in . ⑤ Where do we probably read the passage? 解题技巧 ① 文章话题——文中反复出现的高频实词 ② 文章主旨——首尾段、中间段首尾句 ② 文章文体特征 【例】Eating is usually a group activity. Different groups develop their own food preferences (偏好). We can even tell which group of people a person belongs to from his food choice. And these food choices are passed on from parents to their children. When the children grow up, they feel most comfortable with the food they have in their own homes. Food choices have little to do with hunger. You may eat what your friends eat. You may use food to identify yourself as a member of a group. Some people order the most expensive dishes on a menu, just to show that they can afford them. Expensive food, like an expensive car, can help to make some people feel important. Low-cost menu choices may be just as good dishes. Your feelings and your appetite work together. You may overeat when you are worried or lonely.People sometimes eat when they feel unsafe or think that no one likes them or they may eat to calm themselves. Feeling may also cause under-eating. People who feel sad may eat very little. They regard themselves as heavier than they really are or they think being thin is beautiful. Many people worry so much about being too heavy that they don’t eat enough. They may become weak or even sick from not having enough food. In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear? A ．Technology. B ．Life. C ．Entertainment. D ．Science. 【解析】B。通读这两段内容，考生会发现文章中多次出现 food 一词，由此判断全文内 容都与饮食相关。饮食属于生活的一部分，所以可以推断这篇文章选自报纸的 Life（生活）栏目，故 B 项是正确答案。 3.词/句义猜测题 考查的是考生联系上下文解释文中某个词、短语或句子（可能有下划线，也可能没有） 的能力。词义/句义猜测题主要有三个考查角度：代词指代、词义猜测和句义猜测。在解答这类题目时，考生必须在读懂句子本身意思的基础上，结合上下文，判断其在文中的意义。 （1）出题规律 ①The underlined“xxx”is closest in meaning to . ②The word“xxx”in the passage probably means . ③The underlined“xxx”refers to . ④The underlined“xxx”means . ⑤The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means . （2）解题技巧 利用上下文推测词义； 返回原文找出原词，寻找特殊标点、定语从句、举例处、转折处、定义处、并列论据处等同义替换关系； 答案往往不出现于生词所在的句子中，而是出现在这个句子的上一句或下一句中；注意代词指代（被指代的对象一般出现在代词所在句的前一两句中）。 【例1】“She comes when I call.She has never left me,not even during the river floods,”the man said,“She used to be more vigorous,but she has grown old now.If she dies,I will make her a nice grave here.” What does the underlined word“vigorous”in the last paragraph mean? A．powerful B．energetic C．friendly D．beautiful 【解析】B。画线词所在句的句义为：她以前更vigorous，但现在已经老了。根据but 可知，vigorous与old的意义应该相反，由此可推出，vigorous意为“充满活力的”。powerful 意为“有力量的”；energetic意为“有活力的”；friendly意为“友好的”；beautiful意为“美丽的”。故B项为正确答案。 【例2】At fourteen,I was hit by a car and the doctors said I would never walk again.Every day,my mother spoke to me,telling me that no matter what those doctors said,I could walk again if I wanted badly enough.She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her. A year later,I returned to school—walking on my own! What does“that message”refer to in Paragraph 3? A．I could return to school. B．I would never walk again. C．I should always believe her. D．I could walk again if I wanted to. 【解析】D。根据题干关键词that message定位到第三段，根据前一句Every day,my mother spoke to me in her gentle,loving voice,telling me that no matter what those doctors said,I could walk again if I wanted badly enough.（每天，母亲都用她温柔、慈爱的声音跟我说话，告诉我不管医生怎么说，只要我非常想，我就能再走路了），由此可知that message指的是妈妈传达给我的“只要我想，我就又能走了”，故选D。A项“我可以回学校了”、B项“我再也不能走路了”、C项“我应该永远相信她”均与题意不符。 【例3】The form of energy we use must is electricity,and every day more is needed.But electricity also has to be made,and to make it,huge quantities of fuel are required—oil,coal,gas and so on.The question which worries everyone today is:how long will these fuels last?Nobody knows for sure,but most experts think it will soon be difficult to get enough electricity from these sources.It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here,too. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means that the sun may provide us with. A．enough fuels B．enough steam C．enough oil D．enough electricity 【解析】画线句的句义为：太阳也有可能在这里做出贡献。这里需要判断的就是太阳能做出的贡献是什么，考生需要联系上文得出答案。通过阅读上文可知，我们需要电，但石油、煤炭和天然气等能源可能无法为我们提供足够多的电。而太阳可能为我们提供电。故D项是正确答案。 4.主旨大意题 主要考查考生对于文章大意或文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力，主要涉及的考查角度包 括段落大意题、全文大意题（文章标题题）等。 （1）出题规律 ①What is the xxx paragraph mainly about?【段落主旨】 ②What is the main purpose/focus/theme/topic of this passage?【文章主旨】 ③The general idea of the passage is .【文章主旨】 ④The passage is mainly about...【文章主旨】 ⑤The best title of the passage could be...【文章主旨】 ⑥In this passage,the author mainly discusses .【文章主旨】 ⑦The passage mainly deals with .【文章主旨】 （2）解题技巧 文章角度 ①通过首尾段、首尾句段判断中心 ②注意设问、特殊符号处 ③围绕转折判断中心：but,however,yet(句首),in fact,unfortunately,instead(of)… ④文章中反复出现的表达 题干角度（题干中反复出现的表达） 【例1】Your life depends on heat.In fact,every living thing depends on it.Without heat every living thing would be frozen to death.All living things get their heat from the sun,which provides the conditions in which life is possible. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Life is better without heat. B．Life is impossible without heat. C．Life is better if there is more heat. D．Life is impossible in the cold season. 【解析】B。通常情况下段落的主题句会出现在段落的开头或结尾。在本段中，第一句话就表达了整个段落的主旨，即“你的生命是依赖于热量的”。换句话说，如果没有热量，生命是不可能存在的，故B项是正确答案。 【例2】The word“hot”usually means“having a lot of heat”.Many people think that“cold” is something completely separated from heat.But this is not true.“Cold”simply means“having a little heat”.Your life depends on heat.In fact,every living thing depends on it.Without heat every living thing would be frozen to death.All living things get their heat from the sun,which provides the conditions in which life is possible.Since the very beginning of history,man has been able to make his own heat.He has been able to release the sun’s heat that is hidden in things such as wood,coal and oil.And he has been able to use this heat. Heat has made civilization(文明)possible.With heat,man could melt metals.As man learned to use metals and fuels,industries grew.As a result,engines were invented.These are machines that change heat energy into mechanical energy.Engines can do the work of many men.Without engines,industrial civilization is impossible.Yet although the first engines were built in the 17th century,men were still wondering about the nature of heat.“What is it?”they asked.Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer. What is the best title of the passage? A．Industrial Civilization. B．The Form of Heat. C．Hot and Cold. D．Nature of Heat. 【解析】D。通读本篇文章可知，本文主要论述了热量及人类对热量探索的历史。四个 选项中，热量的本性最为贴合文章的内容。A项（工业文明）虽然在文中有提及，但文章主要讲的是热量使工业文明成为可能，并非工业文明本身；B项（热能的形成）在文章中并未提到；C项（热和冷）虽在文章首段作为引起文章的话题有过提及，但并非文章的核心内容。故D项为正确答案。 解题技巧 一、细节信息题 （一）直接理解题 1. 题干示例 （1）When was he born? （2）When did he pass the exam? （3）When was the machine invented? 2. 应试技巧：抓住题干中的关键词，定位到文章中相应的段落和句子，直接选出和文中句子所述内容一致的选项（一般单词或句子是一样的，未进行变换）。 （二）间接理解题 1. 题干示例 （1）It can be seen from Paragraph 2 that . （2）The Paragraph 2 tells us that . （3）According to the Paragraph 2, we can realize that . 2. 应试技巧：理解题干所问问题，找到文章中表达相关内容的段落和句子。选出和文中句子所述内容相符合或不符合的选项（一般为同义转述），或根据对应的文章内容对选项进行排序。 二、推理判断题 推理判断类的题目考查的是考生根据文章所述内容进行推理和判断的能力。这类题目是阅读理解部分比较难且容易出错的题型，要求考生在读懂原文的基础上对具体细节进行判断推理。因此，考生需要对文章内容中所用的修辞和结构进行深入理解，联系上下文，对问题进行合理有据的分析。 这类题干的示例如下。 （1）What did the author/ man/ woman realize at the end? （2）What do you think is the writer of the passage?/ What may the writer probably be? （3）How does the author/ man/ woman seem to feel about…? 常见的干扰正确选择的选项可以分为以下四类。 （1）简单重复原文，并非推理。 （2）形似推理，但内容与原文不符。 （3）根据常识判断为正确，根据原文判断则错误。 （4）主观臆断。 三、词/句义猜测题 词/句义猜测类的题目考查的是考生联系上下文解释文中某个词、短语或句子（可能有下划线，也可能没有）的能力。此类词、短语或句子要么本身难以理解，要么在文中有特殊作用，要么蕴含了作者或文中某个人物的态度和观点等。因此，考生必须在读懂句子本身意思的基础上，结合上下文，从文章主旨或段落主题出发，判断其在文章中的含义，推断作者或其他人物的态度和观点。 这类题干的示例如下。 （1）The underlined sentence/ word in Paragraph 2 suggests that . （2）The sentence/ word in line can be interpreted as . （3）The sentence/ word “×××” most probably means . 四、主旨大意题 主旨大意类的题目考查的是考生对文章中心思想或作者意图的掌握，需要考生把握文章的中心思想，熟知各段落大意，明晰文章结构，清楚作者的写作目的，以及对文章标题进行选择。 在做此类题目时，可以通过段首、段尾或文章的开头和结尾来寻找线索，以此把握文章的思路和逻辑，归纳总结。在判断主旨句时，要清楚句子是否能够完整地概括全文或全段，语言内容是否准确。 1.题干示例 （1）In the passage, the author/ man/ woman talked a lot about . （2）Which would be the best title of the passage? （3）What would be the best title of this story? 2.应试技巧 （1）找主旨句。通读全文，理解文章大意，找出主旨句（主旨句通常出现在文章第一句或最后一句），充分理解主旨句的意思。 （2）找主题句。阅读文章段落，理解段落大意，找出段落的主题句（主题句通常位于段首，有时会出现在段中或段尾，或无明确的独立句表达主题，需读者自己进行概括总结），充分理解主题句的意思。 （3）梳理文章脉络，明晰作者意图。找出主旨句和主题句后，文章的结构和脉络就会一目了然，考生可在心中或草稿纸上画出文章框架，进而明晰作者的写作目的。 （4）排除干扰选项。常见的干扰正确选择的选项可以分为以下几类： ① 过于笼统：所述内容过于笼统，与原文范围不符 ② 以点代面：内容过于细节化，只是原文所述范围的一部分 ③ 以偏概全：试图以文章某个（不完整的）事实或内容片面地概括全文 ④ 偷换概念：在提问某段信息时偷换概念，以其他段落内容进行描述 ⑤ 主观臆断：所述内容属于非文章事实内容的主观臆断 【真题练手】 A Events for Children and Youth in Grades 1 to 9 The Museum’s calendar is loaded with events that are fun and educational at the same time. Please see the Event Calendar for details on each event. Events Description Discovery Talks Discovery Talks are gallery talks in which Museum researchers discuss their own research projects or scientific topics of interest in the world around us, illustrated with related Museum exhibits. Twice a day on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays. Nature Observation Tours In nature observation tours, children go outdoors to observe things in the natural world, including plants, animals, minerals and fossils. An introduction to basic observation and specimen preparation techniques is also provided. Nighttime Astronomical Observation Observe the stars visible in each season through the Museum’s astronomical telescopes. Offered only on clear nights. It will be held online. Please check the Event Calendar. Fun Science Labs Science and its relation to things we observe in everyday life provide the material for this fun and lively series of experiments. Children learn for themselves as they work on experiments, accompanied by specialist researchers. Saturdays (about eight times a year) The Wonders of Nature: Physics Lab Incredible natural phenomena are going on all around us. In this course, children deepen their appreciation of these phenomena through experiments. Saturdays (about five times a year) Master of Museums Children and students who want to apply for the programme will be required to visit any museums up to 10 times. Submit study records and short essay about your visits. (Maximum 200 words). 41. How many times will Discovery Talks be given on weekends and public holidays? A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day. D. Four times a day. 42. What will the children do if they attend Nature Observation Tours? A. Going outside. B. Traveling abroad. C. Doing experiments. D. Introducing techniques. 43. What will the children observe through the Museum’s astronomical telescopes on clear nights? A. The rockets. B. The planes. C. The stars. D. The spaceships. 44. What is the purpose of the experiments in Fun Science Labs? A For children to collect the material. B. For children to learn for themselves. C. For specialists to do the research. D. For specialists to work on Saturdays. 45. Which event will be attractive to you if you are curious about natural phenomena? A. Discovery Talks. B. Nature Observation Tours. C. Master of Museums. D. The Wonders of Nature: Physics Lab. 46. Why do the children applying for the programme of Master of Museums have to visit any museums up to 10 times? A. They like to. B. They want to. C. They are asked to. D. They are willing to. 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。关于博物馆活动的介绍。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据“Twice a day on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays. (周六、周日和节假日一天两次。)”可知Discovery Talks 在周末和节假日是一天两次。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据“In nature observation tours, children go outdoors to observe things in the natural world, including plants, animals, minerals and fossils. (在自然观察之旅中，儿童可以到户外观察大自然中的事物，包括植物、动物、矿物和化石。)”可知儿童参加Nature Observation Tours能够到户外活动。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查细节理解。根据“Observe the stars visible in each season through the Museum’s astronomical telescopes. (在每个季节借助博物馆的天文望远镜观察可见的星星。) ”可知儿童可以通过博物馆的天文望远镜在晴朗的夜空观察到星星。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查细节理解。根据“Children learn for themselves as they work on experiments, accompanied by specialist researchers. (孩子们在专家的陪同下自己进行实验学习。)”可知Fun Science Labs中实验的目的是让孩子们自己学习。故选B。 45题详解】 考查推理判断。根据“Incredible natural phenomena are going on all around us.  (令人难以置信的自然现象时刻都在我们周围发生。)”可知如果对自然现象感兴趣会被The Wonders of Nature: Physics Lab所吸引。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据“Children and students who want to apply for the programme will be required to visit any museums up to 10 times.  (希望申请该项目的儿童和学生需要参观任何博物馆最多10次。)”可知申请该项目的儿童参观至少10次博物馆是被要求的。故选C。 B The 15-day-old leopard cub (幼豹) doesn’t make a sound as he sits in a sugarcane field in western India. The youngster is waiting for his mother to return from hunting rats, hare, and deer. Most of the year, the eight-foot-tall sugarcane stalks provide a safe, quiet place for cubs to hide in until their mom returns. But it’s March — harvest season in India — and people are working in the field. With so many humans around, Mom is too nervous to return to her baby. As the workers slice through the sugarcane with three-foot-long knives, they find the lonely cub sitting on the ground. He’s so young that his eyes haven’t opened yet. The humans don’t know how long the little one has been alone, but they know that he won’t survive for more than a week without care and food from his mom. Luckily, the harvesters know what to do: They call an animal rescue organization called Wildlife SOS. The rescuers arrive and give the cub a checkup: They check the little wild leopard’s heartbeat, take his temperature, and look for any signs of injury or distress. The cub seems healthy but dehydrated. So they take the cub to their wildlife hospital, where they can give him some water until the cub is ready for the next step — reuniting with his mom. Leopards are active at night. So Mom is most likely to return to the field where she left her cub in the dark when people aren’t around. At dusk, the rescuers place the cub exactly where they found him and attach a camera trap to a bamboo pole nearby. Then they leave. In the middle of the night, the mama leopard walks quietly through the sugarcane. Then she spots her baby on the ground. She gives the cub three big licks on the cheek, gently grabs the youngster in her mouth, then carries him away. 47. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The mama leopard likes to hide in the field. B. The mama leopard is out to hunt rats, hare and deer. C. The leopard cub cries loudly for not seeing his mom. D. The leopard cub is old enough to stay alone. 48. Why does the mama leopard fail to return to her baby? A. She finds many people working around. B. She finds the field a safe place. C. She doesn’t know where the cub is. D. She is busy protecting the other cub. 49. How is the little leopard when he is rescued? A. He has a high fever. B. He is badly injured. C. His heart beats too fast. D. His body loses too much water. 50. How does the cub reunite with his mom? A. He is put where he was left and found by his mom. B. He walks to the bamboo pole and spots his mom. C. He stays with the rescuers and waits for his mom. D. He is given a camera to take pictures of his mom. 51. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The harvesters have a sense of wildlife protection. B. The harvesters are kind to wild animals but unhelpful. C. The harvesters often work in the field in the middle of the night. D. The harvesters always keep little wild animals in the field. 【答案】47. B 48. A 49. D 50. A 51. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这是一篇关于一只在印度甘蔗田里被发现的15天大的小豹子的故事。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The youngster is waiting for his mother to return from hunting rats, hare, and deer. (这只小豹子在等待他的妈妈从捕猎老鼠、野兔和鹿后归来)”可知，猎豹妈妈是出去捕猎老鼠、野兔和鹿。故选B。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据“With so many humans around, Mom is too nervous to return to her baby. (由于周围有很多人类，母豹太紧张了，不敢回到她的孩子身边。)”可知，猎豹妈妈不能返回到她的宝宝身边是因为她发现有很多人在周围工作。故选A。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The cub seems healthy but dehydrated. (小豹子看起来健康但脱水了。)”可知他的身体极度缺水。故选D。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据“At dusk, the rescuers place the cub exactly where they found him...Then she spots her baby on the ground.(在黄昏时分，救援人员将小豹子放回他们发现它的地方……然后她发现了地上的孩子。)”可知小豹子是通过被放在了被发现的地方并被他妈妈找到了这种方式和猎豹妈妈团聚的。故选A。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Luckily, the harvesters know what to do: They call an animal rescue organization called Wildlife SOS.（幸运的是，收割者们知道该怎么做：他们联系了一个名为 Wildlife SOS的动物救援组织。)”可知收割者发现野生小豹子后救助了它，说明救助者是有野生动物保护的意识的。故选A。 C Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such a familiar monologue as: “Get up, John. You’ll be late for work again.” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning, but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. 52. What’s the relationship between the cycles of your energy and your body temperature? A. You feel hot when you have a high fever. B. You feel hot when you are doing physical exercise. C. The more energetic you are, the higher your temperature is. D. The less energetic you are, the higher your temperature is. 53. Which of the following statements is true about the energy cycle? A. Few people have a daily energy cycle. B. Some people don’t have an energy cycle. C. Different people have different energy cycles. D People have never heard of this term. 54. What will happen if family members have no idea of each other’s energy cycle? A. They may have conflicts. B. They may cooperate well. C. They may live a harmonious life. D. They may understand each other. 55. According to Dr. Kleitman, how can people work energetically at their low point? A. Keep to their habitual lifestyle. B. Change their habitual daily routine. C. Insist on staying up late as usual. D. Organize their activities as regularly as usual. 56. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. How to do routine work. B. How to avoid troublesome problems. C. How to save tasks for sharper hours. D. How to save energy for later use. 【答案】52. C 53. C 54. A 55. B 56. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了克莱特曼博士对早上起床困难的新解释——每日能量周期。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. (一天中你感觉精力最充沛的时候，就是你的体温周期达到顶峰的时候。)”可推知，精力越充沛，体温就会越高。故选C。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. (每个人每天都有一个能量周期。)”及第二段中的“For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. (对有些人来说，体温峰值出现在上午。对其他人来说，则是在下午或傍晚。)”可推知，不同的人有不同的能量周期。故选C。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. (当丈夫和妻子意识到这些能量周期的含义以及每个家庭成员的能量周期时，许多家庭争吵就会结束。)”可推知，如果家庭成员不知道彼此的能量周期，他们可能会发生冲突。故选A。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If your energy is low in the morning, but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. (如果你早上精力不济，但又有重要的工作要做，那就在平常时间之前起床。)”可知，人们如何在精神低谷时，可以通过改变他们习惯的日常生活规律来保持精力充沛地工作。故选B。 【56题详解】 主旨大意题。文章的最后一段列举了一些节省精力的方法，例如起床时打哈欠、伸懒腰、前一天把衣服铺好等，即如何为日后的使用而节省精力。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$