内容正文:
02情景交际
【考纲解读】
情景交际是英语考试的重点考查内容,考查方向主要围绕 16 种交际功能项目,即问候
与道别、引荐与介绍、感谢与道歉、预约与邀请、祝愿与祝贺、求助与提供帮助、赞同与反
对、接受与拒绝、询问与提供信息、投诉与责备、表扬与鼓励、指令与要求、禁止与警告、
劝告与建议、情感表达、价格商议。
情景交际考查的题型通常有四种,具体如下:
(1)一问一答型。题目为单项选择题,要求考生从四个选项中,选出最佳选项完成一
对一情景对话,题量一般为 6 个。
(2)对话问答型。要求考生先阅读一则完整而简短的情景对话,然后回答与对话内容 相关的问题。题目为单项选择题,考生需从四个选项中选出正确答案,题量一般为 6~7 个。
(3)短文问答型。要求考生先阅读一则短文,然后回答与短文内容相关的问题。题 目为单项选择题,考生需从四个选项中选出正确答案,题量一般为 2~3个。
(4)补全对话型。给出一篇不完整的情景对话,对话中留有五个空白处,要求考生根 据对话内容从所给的五个选项中选择合适的最佳选项补全对话,题量一般为 1 篇。
【考点精讲】
1.问候与道别
问 候
应 答
Hello!/ Hi! 你好!/嗨!
Hello!/ Hi! 你好!/嗨!
Good morning!/ Good afternoon!/ Good evening! 早上好!/下午好!/晚上好!
Good morning!/ Good afternoon!/ Good evening! 早上好!/下午好!/晚上好!
How are you? 你好吗?
Fine, thank you. (And you?)/ Just fine. 很好,谢谢你。(你呢?)/很好。
How do you do? 你好!(初次见面打招呼用语)
How do you do? 你好!
How are you doing? 你过得怎么样?
How’s everything (going) with you?
你一切都好吗?
How is it going? 最近好吗?
How’s your family? 你的家人怎么样?
Fine/ Very well, thank you. 很好,谢谢你。 Not very well. 不太好。
Just so-so. 一般般。
Not bad. Thank you. 还不错。谢谢你。 They are fine. 他们很好。
道 别
应 答
Goodbye./ Bye-bye./ Bye./ See you! 再见!
Goodbye./ Bye-bye./ Bye./ See you! 再见!
It’s getting late. I must be going.
天色已晚。我必须走了。
Sorry. I must be off now.
抱歉。我现在必须走了。
I really want to … , but I have to go now.
我真的很想……,但是我现在得走了。
Goodbye. 再见!
Bye-bye. 再见!
Bye. 再见!
See you! 再见!
2.引荐与介绍
介绍
应 答
介绍自己
Hi! My name is Jane. What’s your name?
嗨!我的名字叫简。你叫什么名字?
My name is Tom.
我的名字是汤姆。
Hi! I am Susan. May I have your name, please? 嗨!我是苏珊。请问你叫什么名字?
My name is Jack.
我的名字是杰克。
May I introduce myself? I’m …
可以自我介绍一下吗?我是……
Nice/ Glad to meet you.
很高兴见到你。
介绍他人
I’d like you to meet my friend …
我想让你见见我的朋友……
Please allow me to introduce my friend …
请允许我介绍我的朋友……
Let me introduce you to …
让我把你引荐给……
It is my honor to meet you.
很高兴见到你。
Nice/ Glad to meet you.
很高兴见到你。
3. 感谢与道歉
感 谢
应 答
Thank you (very much). (非常)感谢。
Thanks (a lot). (非常)感谢。
Thanks for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
It is kind of you to help me with …
你真好,帮我……
You’re welcome. 不客气。
That’s all right. 不客气。
Don’t mention it. 不用客气。
Not at all. 不用谢。
It’s my pleasure./ My pleasure.
(这是)我的荣幸。
道 歉
原 谅
(I’m) Sorry. 抱歉。
(Please) Forgive me. (请)原谅我。
I apologize. 我道歉。
My apologies. 我很抱歉。
That’s all right./ Never mind. 没关系。
It doesn’t matter./ It’s nothing. 没关系。
That’s OK. 没关系。
Forget it. 算了。
4 预约与邀请
预 约
应 答
Are you free tonight/ tomorrow?
你今晚/明天有空吗?
Yes, I will be free. 是的,我有空。
No, I won’t be free then, but I’ll be free next Monday.
不,我那时没空,但是我下周一有空。
Shall we meet at 7 p.m. at the gate of the cinema? 我们晚上 7 点在电影院门口见面好吗?
Could we meet at 7 p.m.?
我们可以在晚上 7 点见面吗?
All right. See you then. 好的。到时见。
邀 请
应 答
Would you like to go shopping with me?
你愿意和我一起去购物吗?
May I invite you to dinner? 我可以请你吃饭吗?
Would you like to join us? 你想加入我们吗?
◆接受邀请
Yes, I’d love to. Thank you.
当然,我很乐意。谢谢你。
That’s very kind of you. Thank you.
你真好。谢谢你。
◆拒绝邀请
I’d love to, but I’m afraid …
我很想去,但我恐怕……
I’d love to, but I’m sorry I can’t.
我很想去,但是很抱歉我不能去。
5. 祝愿与祝贺
祝愿与祝贺
应 答
Good luck! 祝你好运!
Best wishes to you! 祝福你!
I wish you good luck/ success! 祝你好运/成功!
Thank you. 谢谢你。
The same to you. 你也一样。
You, too. 你也一样。
Good luck! 祝你好运!
Best wishes to you! 祝福你!
(I) Wish you good luck/ success!
(我)祝你好运/成功!
Have a good time. 祝你玩得愉快。
Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐!
Thank you. 谢谢你。
The same to you. 你也一样。
You, too. 你也一样。
Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐!
6. 求助与提供帮助
求 助
应 答
Can/ Could you help me? 你能帮我吗? Please do me a favor. 请帮我一个忙。
Can/ Could/ Will/ Would you do something for me? 你能为我做点什么吗?
Would you mind lending me a hand?
你介意帮我一把吗?
Yes. 是的。
Certainly. 当然可以。
Sure. 当然可以。
No problem. 没问题。
All right. 好的。
OK. 好的。
提供帮助
应 答
Can/ Could/ Shall I help you? 我能帮你吗?
What can I do for you? 我能为你做什么?
Is there anything (else) I can do for you?
我(还)能为你做些什么吗?
Would you like some…? 你想要一些……吗?
◆接受帮助
Thanks. That would be nice/ fine. 谢了。那太好了。 That’s very kind of you. 你真好。
Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 Yes, please. 好的,请吧。
◆拒绝帮助
No, thanks/ thank you. 不,谢谢/谢谢你。
Thank you all the same. 还是要谢谢你。
That’s very kind of you, but I can manage it myself. 你真好,但我自己能搞定。
7. 赞同与反对
表达赞成
表达反对
Sure./ Certainly./ Exactly./ Of course./ All right. 当然可以。/当然可以。/没错。/当然。/好的。
It/ That is a good/ great idea.
这/那是个好主意。
Sounds good. 听起来不错。
I agree with you./ I can’t agree with you more.
我同意你的观点。/我非常同意你的观点。
Yes, I think so. 是的,我想是的。
That’s true/ right. 那是真的/对的。
No, I don’t think so. 不,我不这么认为。
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。
I really disagree with you.
我真的不同意你的观点。
Of course not. 当然不是。
Well, it depends. 嗯,看情况。
It’s hard to say … 很难说……
Well, I’m not so sure about it.
嗯,我不太确定。
8. 接受与拒绝
表达接受
表达拒绝
Yes, please. 是的,请吧。
Sure. Thanks. 当然可以。谢谢。
Sure. I’d love to. 当然可以。我很乐意。 OK. Thank you. 好的。谢谢你。
OK. Sounds good. 好的。听起来不错。 Yeah. Good idea. 是啊。好主意。
All right. Thanks. 好的。谢谢。
No, thank you. / No, thanks. 不了,谢谢你。
No, I’d rather/ better not. 不,我宁愿/最好不要。 No, I’m afraid not. 不,恐怕不行。
I’m sorry, but I can’t. 对不起,但是我不能。
Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t … 对不起,恐怕我不能……
9. 询问与提供信息
询问与提供信息
常见句型
询问日期
— What’s the date today? 今天是几号?
— It’s July 20th. 今天是 7 月 20 日。
询问星期几
— What day is it today? 今天星期几?
— It’s Monday/ Tuesday/ … 今天是星期一/星期二/ ……
询问时间
— What’s the time?/ What time is it? 现在几点了?
— It’s 9 o’clock/ nine thirty (half past nine)/ nine fifteen (a quarter past nine)/ nine fifty-five (five to ten).
现在是九点钟/九点半/九点十五分/九点五十五分。
询问天气
— What’s the weather like today?/ How is the weather today?
今天天气怎么样?
— It’s sunny/ cloudy/ rainy/ …
天气晴朗/多云/下雨/ ……
询问路线
— Excuse me, Where is…?/ Could you please tell me the way to…?/ How can I get to…?
打扰一下,……在哪儿?/你能告诉我去……的路吗?/我该如何到达……?
— Of course! Go straight down this street, and turn left when you see a traffic light. 当然!沿着这条街直行,当你看到红绿灯的时候左转。
— Sorry, I don’t know./ I am a stranger here.
抱歉,我不知道。/我在这也是个外地人。
询问个人信息
— Who is the girl? 那个女孩是谁?
— She is Mary/ my sister/ … 她是玛丽/我的妹妹/ ……
— What is the girl?/ What does the girl do?
这个女孩的职业是什么?/这个女孩是做什么的?
— She is a nurse/ teacher/ …
她是一名护士/教师/ ……
— What is your brother like? 你的弟弟是什么样的人?(问性格)
— He is helpful/ friendly/ … 他乐于助人/友好/ ……
询问需求
— What would you like to drink? 你想喝什么?
— Tea, please. 请来杯茶。
10. 投诉与责备
投诉与责备
应 答
I’m afraid I have to make a serious complaint.
恐怕我不得不提出严重投诉。
I’d like to/ I have to make a complaint about the waiter/ doctor …
我想/我必须投诉那个服务员/医生……
I am calling to make a complaint.
我打电话来投诉。
I’ve got a complaint to make. 我要投诉。
There seems to be a problem with my computer/ air conditioner.
我的电脑/空调好像有问题。
Look, I’m sorry to trouble you, but …
听着,很抱歉打扰你,但是……
Excuse me,there seems to be something wrong with …
对不起,好像……有点问题。
Must you always…? 你必须总是……吗?
Oh, I’m so sorry about that. 哦,我很抱歉。
I’m so sorry. I didn’t realize that.
我很抱歉。我没意识到。
I’m so sorry, but I’ll do what I can.
我很抱歉,但我会尽力的。
I apologize for (doing) …
我为(做)……道歉。
I can’t tell you how sorry I am.
我真的很抱歉。
I wish it never happened.
我真希望这事从没发生过。
I’m afraid we can’t help you at the moment. Could you leave your phone number and address? We’ll contact you soon.
恐怕我们现在帮不了您。您能留下您的电话号码 和地址吗?我们会尽快与您联系。
Sorry, I won’t do it again.
对不起,我不会再这样做了。
11. 表扬与鼓励
表扬与鼓励
应 答
Good job!/ Well done!/ Wonderful!/ Excellent!
干得好!/干得好!/真棒!/优秀!
You did a good/ great job. 你做得很好。
Thank you for your compliment. 谢谢你的夸奖。
Thank you so much. 非常感谢。
Thank you for saying that. 谢谢你这么说。
I am honored.我很荣幸。
I feel flattered.我觉得受宠若惊。
You (really) made my day.
你(真的)让我很开心。
I have confidence in you. 我对你有信心。 I am sure you can. 我确信你能。
Show some courage! 拿出点儿勇气来!
Don’t let this get you down.
不要让这件事使你沮丧。
I am (so) proud of you. 我为你感到骄傲。 Put yourselftogether. 振作起来。
Don’t give up. 别放弃。
Try your best. 尽力而为。
You can do it better. 你可以做得更好。
12. 指令与要求
指令与要求
应 答
I beg your pardon. I can’t hear/ follow you.
请你原谅。我听不见/跟不上你。
Will you repeat it? 你能重复一遍吗?
OK./ All right. 好的。
Make sure you lock the door when you leave.
你离开时一定要锁门。
Turn off all the lights before you leave the house.
离开房子前关掉所有的灯。
Clean the floor/ your room, please.
请打扫地板/你的房间。
Look left and right before you cross the street.
过马路前左右看看。
OK, I will. 好的,我会的。
13. 禁止与警告
禁止与警告
You can’t/ mustn’t … 你不能/一定不能……
You’d better not do it. 你最好不要做它。
Don’t smoke! 不要抽烟!
If you…, you’ll … 如果你……,你会 ……
Don’t be late! 不要迟到!
Look out! / Take care! / Be careful! 小心!/保重!/小心!
14. 劝告与建议
劝 告
应 答
You’d better (not) do …
你最好(不)做……
I think you should do …
我认为你应该做……
You need to do …
你需要做……
I suggest you do …
我建议你做……
◆接受劝告
That sounds a good idea/ good advice.
Thank you.
那听起来是个好主意/好建议。谢谢你。
Yes, great/ fine! 是的,很好!
Yes, I’ll do/ try that. Thanks.
是的,我会做/试试那个。谢谢。
◆拒绝劝告
I’m not sure I can do that. You see …
我不确定我能做到。你看……
建 议
应 答
Let’s do … 我们做
…… Shall we do…? 我们做……好吗?
What about+n./ doing…? 做……怎么样?
◆接受建议
All right./ OK. / Good idea. 好的。/好的。/好主意。
That would be interesting./ It sounds great. 那会很有趣。/听起来很棒。
How about+n./ doing…? 做……怎么样?
Why don’t you do…? 你为什么不做……?
Why not do…? 为什么不做……?
◆拒绝建议
I would love/ like to. But …
我很乐意。但是……
No, I would rather do …
不,我宁愿做……
15. 情感表达
情感表达
常见句型
表达焦虑
What’s wrong? 怎么了?
What’s the matter/ trouble/ problem (with you)? (你)怎么了?
I’m/ He’s/ She’s worried. 我/他/她很担心。
What should I do? 我应该怎么办?
表达喜悦
Well done. 干得好。
How wonderful! 太棒了!
That’s nice/ great/ wonderful! 那太好了/太棒了/太棒了!
I am glad/ pleased/ happy to hear that. 听到那件事我很高兴。
表达惊奇
Really? 真的吗?
Oh my dear! 哦,我的天哪!
What a surprise!/ How surprising! 太令人惊讶了!
表达安慰
Don’t worry. 别担心。
Don’t be afraid. 不要害怕。
Take it easy. 放轻松。
It’ll be all right. 会没事的。
Take your time. 慢慢来,别着急。
Cheer up. 振作起来。
表达遗憾
I am sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息我很难过。
What a pity! 太可惜了!
表达满意
Good!/ Well done!/ Perfect!/ That’s fine./ That’s better.
很好!/干得好!/完美!/那很好。/那更好。
表达恐惧
Help!/ How terrible!/ You scared me!
救命啊!/真可怕!/你吓到我了!
表达愤怒
How annoying!/ Get out!
好烦啊!/出去!
16. 价格商议
价格商议
应答
I am afraid it’s too dear/ expensive. Can it be a bit/ little cheaper?
恐怕太贵了。可以便宜一点儿吗?
Could you give me a discount?
可以给我打折吗?
How about a discount?
能不能打点儿折?
I will give you a 20% discount.
我给你打八折。
Forty yuan is the lowest price.
四十元是最低价。
1. 一问一答型
(1)判断场景或人物关系
认真阅读题干,根据题干信息判断对话发生的场景以及对话双方的关系。
【例】— Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to Garden Hotel?
— Garden Hotel? . I really don’t know.
A.Forget it B.I’m sorry
C.Go ahead D .All right
(2)判断对话的逻辑关系
认真分析对话,寻找上下句中的关键词,如疑问词,以及表示问候、感谢、道歉等的词
语,根据获得的关键信息理清对话的逻辑关系。
【例】— Would you like to go to the beach this weekend?
— . The weather is lovely.
A.It depends B.I’m afraid so
C.I don’t care D.Sounds great
(3)避免中式思维
在中文语境中,面对他人的夸奖,我们常会以“没有没有 ”或“哪里哪里 ”来回应,以示谦虚。然而,在西方文化中,当受到他人赞美时,更恰当的做法是表达对赞美的认同和感谢。
【例】— You have a beautiful garden.
— . I spent a lot of time on it.
A.Help yourself B.Take it easy
C.Of course not D.Thank you
2. 问答对话型
(1)细节信息型——直接找答案
【例】
W: Good morning. Can I help you?
M: Yes, I’d like a double room.
W: How many nights do you plan to stay here?
M: Three. I’ll be checking out on Friday morning.
When is the man checking out?
A .Friday. B.Thursday. C.Tuesday. D .Saturday.
(2)概括信息型——读懂大意、简单推理
【例】
W: I’m afraid we just don’t see eye to eye on this. Let’s call the rest team members to a meeting to discuss it.
M: OK, let’s do that.
It’s clear that the woman the man.
A .doesn’t like B.doesn’t agree with C.agrees with D.respects
3. 短文问答型
(1)仔细阅读题干,题干问到的问题主要涉及五个方面,分别为场景、内容、 目的、 讲话人或作者的身份、讲话人或作者的观点态度等。
(2)阅读短文,理解短文内容,判断短文的体裁和出处(是否属于广告、通知等,是否摘录自一篇演讲、一则招聘启事等),推测短文发生的场景(如机场广播通知、学校开学典礼等)
(3)仔细阅读选项,结合短文内容,选出符合题干问题的正确答案。
【例】The rapid growth of the Internet over recent years has caused problems for parents and teachers. Parents worry about which sites their children spend time on, who they chat with online and what computer games they play. For teachers, the main worry is that the Internet makes cheating easier.
According to this short passage, parents and teachers think that the rapid growth of the Internet has a effect on the children.
A.good B.positive C.negative D.wonderful
4. 补全对话型
(1)分析选项(疑问句或陈述句或祈使句),预判语境;
(2)快速通读对话,了解大意,摸清发生的地点、时间、人物的身份和话题;
(3)细读对话,把握语境和上下文逻辑关系,初步确定选项;
(4)逐空选择,先易后难。对比较有把握的空白处,先确定选项,然后利用排除法选择其他空白处所对应的选项;
(5)将所选句子代入空白处并通读整段对话,检查上下文是否连贯,文理是否通顺,从而验证答案。
【例】W: Good morning. 1
M: Hi, we’d like two tickets to Xuzhou, please.
W: Xuzhou. Certainly. Are you leaving today?
M: Yes.
W: The next train is at 12:00. 2
M: Yes, I’ll take the 12:00 tickets.
W: Single or return?
M: Two singles. 3
W: First-class is 100 yuan and second-class is 80 yuan.
M: 4
W: That’s 160 yuan, please.
M: Here’s the money.
W: And here are your tickets. 5
A .Will that be OK?
B .How much are the tickets?
C .Two second-class tickets are fine, thank you.
D.May I help you?
E.Have a nice trip.
题型解读
一、一问一答型
一问一答型题目考查日常的口头交际用语,该类型题目的解题方法如下。
(1)理解题目中的信息,正确判断对话的情景。
(2)根据情景,选择习惯用语。
(3)答语要符合西方人的思维方式和文化风俗习惯。
(4)使用文明礼貌用语,婉转表达意愿和情感。
二、对话问答型
对话问答型题目常为一男一女两个角色的短对话形式,需要考生根据对话内容回答题干的问题。该类型题目的解题方法如下。
(1)通读对话,明确大意、情景和语境。
(2)仔细阅读题干。题干问到的问题主要涉及五个方面,分别为对话的场景、对话的内容、对话者的身份、对话者之间的关系、对话者的观点态度。
(3)仔细阅读选项,结合对话内容,选出符合题干问题的正确答案。
三、短文问答型
短文问答型题目常为小故事或通知、广告、演讲、文章摘录等应用文形式,需要考生根据短文内容回答题干的问题。该类型题目的解题方法如下。
(1)阅读短文,理解短文内容,判断短文的体裁和出处(是否属于广告、通知等,是否摘录自一篇演讲、一则招聘启事等),推测短文发生的场景(如机场广播通知、学校开学典礼等)。
(2)仔细阅读题干。题干问到的问题主要涉及五个方面,分别为场景、内容、目的、讲话人或作者的身份、讲话人或作者的观点态度等。
(3)仔细阅读选项,结合短文内容,选出符合题干问题的正确答案。
四、补全对话型
补全对话型题目的考查方向主要围绕10个话题项目展开,即个人与家庭(如个人信息、亲友、友谊、家庭活动)、学校生活(如校园设施、校园活动、老师与学生、课程)、日常生活(如文明礼仪、饮食、购物、天气、服装、广告)、休闲娱乐(如运动、音乐、电影、游戏、兴趣、爱好)、健康(如疾病、就医、健身)、居住环境(如社区、安全、家居、公共设施)、出行(如旅游、交通、问路、预订)、科学技术(如网络、通讯、传播)、工作(如职业、计划、求解决问题、职业道德、求职、生涯规划)、节日与习俗(如中外节日、风俗习惯)。
补全对话型题目旨在通过特定的语境,考查考生是否能对所谈论的话题做出正确反应并正确使用语句进行交流。同时也考查学生的逻辑推理能力和对上下文的驾驭能力。该类型题目的解题方法如下。
(1)跳过空白处,快速通读整段对话,了解对话大意,摸清对话发生的地点、时间、人物的身份和话题。
(2)细读对话,把握语境和上下文逻辑关系,初步确定选项。可以先判断空白处应填的句子类型(疑问句或陈述句或祈使句),然后逐个浏览选项,关联对话。
(3)逐空选择,先易后难。对比较有把握的空白处,先确定选项,然后利用排除法选择其他空白处所对应的选项。
(4)将所选句子代入空白处并通读整段对话,检查上下文是否连贯,文理是否通顺,从而验证答案。
【真题练手】
11. —I am so hungry. I can hardly walk any further.
—________ Let’s go to the restaurant to have something to eat.
A. Neither I can. B. Neither can I. C. So I can. D. So can I.
12. — Don’t worry, Jack. The doctor said it was only the flu.
—________ I’ll tell my mom there is nothing serious.
A. What a relief! B. Congratulations! C. How surprising! D. I’m so sorry!
13. —I’m afraid I can’t complete the task within two weeks.
— ________
A. Go ahead, please. B. That’s right. C. Take your time. D. Hurry up.
14. — Miss White, thanks for your invitation. I had a good time.
—________
A. I’m glad to hear that. B. I think so. C. It’s not good enough. D. No doubt.
15. — Would you like to go shopping with me this afternoon?
—________ I have English classes this afternoon.
A. What a pity! B. I’d love to! C. My pleasure! D. Definitely not!
16. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
W: So, John, as a new comer to this firm, you don’t know about the meeting tomorrow, do you?
M: No, I don’t. Thanks a lot for telling me, Susan.
A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Friends. D. Roommates.
17. What problem does the woman have?
W: My assistant is absent today. I have to do the experiment alone.
M: Oh, no. You can’t do it without an assistant, for safety.
A. The man can’t help her.
B. Her assistant isn’t present today.
C. She has no time for the experiment.
D. She is afraid to do the experiment by herself.
18. At what time did the conversation take place?
W: What’s the time for departure?
M: 7:30. That only leaves us 55 minutes to go through the customs and check our luggage.
A. 6:05. B. 6:35. C. 7:00. D. 7:30.
19. How much will the man pay for the tickets?
W: Tickets are fifteen dollars for an adult, and kids’ tickets are half price.
M: OK, I’d like to have three adults’ and two kids’ tickets.
A. 20 dollars. B. 40 dollars. C. 60 dollars. D. 80 dollars.
20. What will Jim do this weekend?
W: Jim, you’ve been using the computer for the whole afternoon. What’s on?
M: I am searching for Mayan culture for a school paper. I need to hand it in next Monday. There are just two days left.
A. Lecture on Mayan culture. B. Go to buy a computer.
C. Write a school paper. D. Hand in a school paper.
21. What does the man come here for?
W: Welcome back, Mr. Black. Would you like the same style as last time?
M: In fact, I’d like to be different this month. Could you make it much shorter on top?
W: Sure. Please keep still. The scissors are extremely sharp.
A. To get some headache pills. B. To have a haircut.
C. To take a physical examination. D. To do some shopping.
22. What does the woman usually do with her old clothes?
M: Lucy, how do you usually deal with your old clothes?
W: I don’t like throwing them away, so I usually give them to those who need. What about you?
M: My old clothes usually end up at ThredUP, an online second-hand store.
A. She sells them. B. She donates them.
C. She throws them away. D. She puts them away.
23. What are the speakers talking about?
W: How did Nick get out again? I thought I closed up that pet door. Did Nick break through it?
M: No I opened it. Nick was barking so much that I had to let him go out.
A. How their dog went out. B. How their cat went out.
C. Why their dog barked so much. D. Why their pet became so crazy.
24. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
Many young people find that the Internet is a good place to make friends. They can talk with people from other countries and of different cultures. In this way, they practice language skills and learn more about new cultures.
A. The advantage of using the Internet. B. The disadvantage of using the Internet.
C. The advantage of making friends. D. The disadvantage of making friends.
25. Who probably made this speech?
Hello, everyone, I’d like to welcome you all to Sanya. I promise you are going to enjoy your stay here. This is a beautiful city, where you can relax, sit by the beach and enjoy great meals. Tomorrow morning at 9:00, we’ll gather in front of the information desk of the hotel, and I’ll tell you in detail about our traveling programmes. I hope to see you tomorrow.
A. A receptionist. B. A hotel manager. C. A school teacher. D. A tour guide.
在本节中,你将读到一段对话,从方框中所给的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案,并将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑。
M: Hello, Lucy. ____26____
W: Good morning, Mr. Green.
M: ____27____
W: But you have an appointment with our manager, Mr. Smith.
M: Yes, but could we put it off until next week?
W: Let me see. Next week…what about next Wednesday?
M: That’s all right. ____28____
W: Let me have a check. Sorry, he’ll be in a meeting then. ____29____
M: 3 o’clock? That’s fine.
W: ____30____ Have a nice trip, Mr. Green.
M: Thank you.
A. How about 3 o’clock in the afternoon?
B. I’ll tell him to expect you in his office.
C. Shall we make it 9 o’clock?
D. I’m calling to tell you I have to fly to Beijing this afternoon.
E. This is Tom Green from ABC Company.
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02情景交际
【考纲解读】
情景交际是英语考试的重点考查内容,考查方向主要围绕 16 种交际功能项目,即问候
与道别、引荐与介绍、感谢与道歉、预约与邀请、祝愿与祝贺、求助与提供帮助、赞同与反
对、接受与拒绝、询问与提供信息、投诉与责备、表扬与鼓励、指令与要求、禁止与警告、
劝告与建议、情感表达、价格商议。
情景交际考查的题型通常有四种,具体如下:
(1)一问一答型。题目为单项选择题,要求考生从四个选项中,选出最佳选项完成一
对一情景对话,题量一般为 6 个。
(2)对话问答型。要求考生先阅读一则完整而简短的情景对话,然后回答与对话内容 相关的问题。题目为单项选择题,考生需从四个选项中选出正确答案,题量一般为 6~7 个。
(3)短文问答型。要求考生先阅读一则短文,然后回答与短文内容相关的问题。题 目为单项选择题,考生需从四个选项中选出正确答案,题量一般为 2~3个。
(4)补全对话型。给出一篇不完整的情景对话,对话中留有五个空白处,要求考生根 据对话内容从所给的五个选项中选择合适的最佳选项补全对话,题量一般为 1 篇。
【考点精讲】
1.问候与道别
问 候
应 答
Hello!/ Hi! 你好!/嗨!
Hello!/ Hi! 你好!/嗨!
Good morning!/ Good afternoon!/ Good evening! 早上好!/下午好!/晚上好!
Good morning!/ Good afternoon!/ Good evening! 早上好!/下午好!/晚上好!
How are you? 你好吗?
Fine, thank you. (And you?)/ Just fine. 很好,谢谢你。(你呢?)/很好。
How do you do? 你好!(初次见面打招呼用语)
How do you do? 你好!
How are you doing? 你过得怎么样?
How’s everything (going) with you?
你一切都好吗?
How is it going? 最近好吗?
How’s your family? 你的家人怎么样?
Fine/ Very well, thank you. 很好,谢谢你。 Not very well. 不太好。
Just so-so. 一般般。
Not bad. Thank you. 还不错。谢谢你。 They are fine. 他们很好。
道 别
应 答
Goodbye./ Bye-bye./ Bye./ See you! 再见!
Goodbye./ Bye-bye./ Bye./ See you! 再见!
It’s getting late. I must be going.
天色已晚。我必须走了。
Sorry. I must be off now.
抱歉。我现在必须走了。
I really want to … , but I have to go now.
我真的很想……,但是我现在得走了。
Goodbye. 再见!
Bye-bye. 再见!
Bye. 再见!
See you! 再见!
2.引荐与介绍
介绍
应 答
介绍自己
Hi! My name is Jane. What’s your name?
嗨!我的名字叫简。你叫什么名字?
My name is Tom.
我的名字是汤姆。
Hi! I am Susan. May I have your name, please? 嗨!我是苏珊。请问你叫什么名字?
My name is Jack.
我的名字是杰克。
May I introduce myself? I’m …
可以自我介绍一下吗?我是……
Nice/ Glad to meet you.
很高兴见到你。
介绍他人
I’d like you to meet my friend …
我想让你见见我的朋友……
Please allow me to introduce my friend …
请允许我介绍我的朋友……
Let me introduce you to …
让我把你引荐给……
It is my honor to meet you.
很高兴见到你。
Nice/ Glad to meet you.
很高兴见到你。
3. 感谢与道歉
感 谢
应 答
Thank you (very much). (非常)感谢。
Thanks (a lot). (非常)感谢。
Thanks for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
It is kind of you to help me with …
你真好,帮我……
You’re welcome. 不客气。
That’s all right. 不客气。
Don’t mention it. 不用客气。
Not at all. 不用谢。
It’s my pleasure./ My pleasure.
(这是)我的荣幸。
道 歉
原 谅
(I’m) Sorry. 抱歉。
(Please) Forgive me. (请)原谅我。
I apologize. 我道歉。
My apologies. 我很抱歉。
That’s all right./ Never mind. 没关系。
It doesn’t matter./ It’s nothing. 没关系。
That’s OK. 没关系。
Forget it. 算了。
4 预约与邀请
预 约
应 答
Are you free tonight/ tomorrow?
你今晚/明天有空吗?
Yes, I will be free. 是的,我有空。
No, I won’t be free then, but I’ll be free next Monday.
不,我那时没空,但是我下周一有空。
Shall we meet at 7 p.m. at the gate of the cinema? 我们晚上 7 点在电影院门口见面好吗?
Could we meet at 7 p.m.?
我们可以在晚上 7 点见面吗?
All right. See you then. 好的。到时见。
邀 请
应 答
Would you like to go shopping with me?
你愿意和我一起去购物吗?
May I invite you to dinner? 我可以请你吃饭吗?
Would you like to join us? 你想加入我们吗?
◆接受邀请
Yes, I’d love to. Thank you.
当然,我很乐意。谢谢你。
That’s very kind of you. Thank you.
你真好。谢谢你。
◆拒绝邀请
I’d love to, but I’m afraid …
我很想去,但我恐怕……
I’d love to, but I’m sorry I can’t.
我很想去,但是很抱歉我不能去。
5. 祝愿与祝贺
祝愿与祝贺
应 答
Good luck! 祝你好运!
Best wishes to you! 祝福你!
I wish you good luck/ success! 祝你好运/成功!
Thank you. 谢谢你。
The same to you. 你也一样。
You, too. 你也一样。
Good luck! 祝你好运!
Best wishes to you! 祝福你!
(I) Wish you good luck/ success!
(我)祝你好运/成功!
Have a good time. 祝你玩得愉快。
Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐!
Thank you. 谢谢你。
The same to you. 你也一样。
You, too. 你也一样。
Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐!
6. 求助与提供帮助
求 助
应 答
Can/ Could you help me? 你能帮我吗? Please do me a favor. 请帮我一个忙。
Can/ Could/ Will/ Would you do something for me? 你能为我做点什么吗?
Would you mind lending me a hand?
你介意帮我一把吗?
Yes. 是的。
Certainly. 当然可以。
Sure. 当然可以。
No problem. 没问题。
All right. 好的。
OK. 好的。
提供帮助
应 答
Can/ Could/ Shall I help you? 我能帮你吗?
What can I do for you? 我能为你做什么?
Is there anything (else) I can do for you?
我(还)能为你做些什么吗?
Would you like some…? 你想要一些……吗?
◆接受帮助
Thanks. That would be nice/ fine. 谢了。那太好了。 That’s very kind of you. 你真好。
Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 Yes, please. 好的,请吧。
◆拒绝帮助
No, thanks/ thank you. 不,谢谢/谢谢你。
Thank you all the same. 还是要谢谢你。
That’s very kind of you, but I can manage it myself. 你真好,但我自己能搞定。
7. 赞同与反对
表达赞成
表达反对
Sure./ Certainly./ Exactly./ Of course./ All right. 当然可以。/当然可以。/没错。/当然。/好的。
It/ That is a good/ great idea.
这/那是个好主意。
Sounds good. 听起来不错。
I agree with you./ I can’t agree with you more.
我同意你的观点。/我非常同意你的观点。
Yes, I think so. 是的,我想是的。
That’s true/ right. 那是真的/对的。
No, I don’t think so. 不,我不这么认为。
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。
I really disagree with you.
我真的不同意你的观点。
Of course not. 当然不是。
Well, it depends. 嗯,看情况。
It’s hard to say … 很难说……
Well, I’m not so sure about it.
嗯,我不太确定。
8. 接受与拒绝
表达接受
表达拒绝
Yes, please. 是的,请吧。
Sure. Thanks. 当然可以。谢谢。
Sure. I’d love to. 当然可以。我很乐意。 OK. Thank you. 好的。谢谢你。
OK. Sounds good. 好的。听起来不错。 Yeah. Good idea. 是啊。好主意。
All right. Thanks. 好的。谢谢。
No, thank you. / No, thanks. 不了,谢谢你。
No, I’d rather/ better not. 不,我宁愿/最好不要。 No, I’m afraid not. 不,恐怕不行。
I’m sorry, but I can’t. 对不起,但是我不能。
Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t … 对不起,恐怕我不能……
9. 询问与提供信息
询问与提供信息
常见句型
询问日期
— What’s the date today? 今天是几号?
— It’s July 20th. 今天是 7 月 20 日。
询问星期几
— What day is it today? 今天星期几?
— It’s Monday/ Tuesday/ … 今天是星期一/星期二/ ……
询问时间
— What’s the time?/ What time is it? 现在几点了?
— It’s 9 o’clock/ nine thirty (half past nine)/ nine fifteen (a quarter past nine)/ nine fifty-five (five to ten).
现在是九点钟/九点半/九点十五分/九点五十五分。
询问天气
— What’s the weather like today?/ How is the weather today?
今天天气怎么样?
— It’s sunny/ cloudy/ rainy/ …
天气晴朗/多云/下雨/ ……
询问路线
— Excuse me, Where is…?/ Could you please tell me the way to…?/ How can I get to…?
打扰一下,……在哪儿?/你能告诉我去……的路吗?/我该如何到达……?
— Of course! Go straight down this street, and turn left when you see a traffic light. 当然!沿着这条街直行,当你看到红绿灯的时候左转。
— Sorry, I don’t know./ I am a stranger here.
抱歉,我不知道。/我在这也是个外地人。
询问个人信息
— Who is the girl? 那个女孩是谁?
— She is Mary/ my sister/ … 她是玛丽/我的妹妹/ ……
— What is the girl?/ What does the girl do?
这个女孩的职业是什么?/这个女孩是做什么的?
— She is a nurse/ teacher/ …
她是一名护士/教师/ ……
— What is your brother like? 你的弟弟是什么样的人?(问性格)
— He is helpful/ friendly/ … 他乐于助人/友好/ ……
询问需求
— What would you like to drink? 你想喝什么?
— Tea, please. 请来杯茶。
10. 投诉与责备
投诉与责备
应 答
I’m afraid I have to make a serious complaint.
恐怕我不得不提出严重投诉。
I’d like to/ I have to make a complaint about the waiter/ doctor …
我想/我必须投诉那个服务员/医生……
I am calling to make a complaint.
我打电话来投诉。
I’ve got a complaint to make. 我要投诉。
There seems to be a problem with my computer/ air conditioner.
我的电脑/空调好像有问题。
Look, I’m sorry to trouble you, but …
听着,很抱歉打扰你,但是……
Excuse me,there seems to be something wrong with …
对不起,好像……有点问题。
Must you always…? 你必须总是……吗?
Oh, I’m so sorry about that. 哦,我很抱歉。
I’m so sorry. I didn’t realize that.
我很抱歉。我没意识到。
I’m so sorry, but I’ll do what I can.
我很抱歉,但我会尽力的。
I apologize for (doing) …
我为(做)……道歉。
I can’t tell you how sorry I am.
我真的很抱歉。
I wish it never happened.
我真希望这事从没发生过。
I’m afraid we can’t help you at the moment. Could you leave your phone number and address? We’ll contact you soon.
恐怕我们现在帮不了您。您能留下您的电话号码 和地址吗?我们会尽快与您联系。
Sorry, I won’t do it again.
对不起,我不会再这样做了。
11. 表扬与鼓励
表扬与鼓励
应 答
Good job!/ Well done!/ Wonderful!/ Excellent!
干得好!/干得好!/真棒!/优秀!
You did a good/ great job. 你做得很好。
Thank you for your compliment. 谢谢你的夸奖。
Thank you so much. 非常感谢。
Thank you for saying that. 谢谢你这么说。
I am honored.我很荣幸。
I feel flattered.我觉得受宠若惊。
You (really) made my day.
你(真的)让我很开心。
I have confidence in you. 我对你有信心。 I am sure you can. 我确信你能。
Show some courage! 拿出点儿勇气来!
Don’t let this get you down.
不要让这件事使你沮丧。
I am (so) proud of you. 我为你感到骄傲。 Put yourselftogether. 振作起来。
Don’t give up. 别放弃。
Try your best. 尽力而为。
You can do it better. 你可以做得更好。
12. 指令与要求
指令与要求
应 答
I beg your pardon. I can’t hear/ follow you.
请你原谅。我听不见/跟不上你。
Will you repeat it? 你能重复一遍吗?
OK./ All right. 好的。
Make sure you lock the door when you leave.
你离开时一定要锁门。
Turn off all the lights before you leave the house.
离开房子前关掉所有的灯。
Clean the floor/ your room, please.
请打扫地板/你的房间。
Look left and right before you cross the street.
过马路前左右看看。
OK, I will. 好的,我会的。
13. 禁止与警告
禁止与警告
You can’t/ mustn’t … 你不能/一定不能……
You’d better not do it. 你最好不要做它。
Don’t smoke! 不要抽烟!
If you…, you’ll … 如果你……,你会 ……
Don’t be late! 不要迟到!
Look out! / Take care! / Be careful! 小心!/保重!/小心!
14. 劝告与建议
劝 告
应 答
You’d better (not) do …
你最好(不)做……
I think you should do …
我认为你应该做……
You need to do …
你需要做……
I suggest you do …
我建议你做……
◆接受劝告
That sounds a good idea/ good advice.
Thank you.
那听起来是个好主意/好建议。谢谢你。
Yes, great/ fine! 是的,很好!
Yes, I’ll do/ try that. Thanks.
是的,我会做/试试那个。谢谢。
◆拒绝劝告
I’m not sure I can do that. You see …
我不确定我能做到。你看……
建 议
应 答
Let’s do … 我们做
…… Shall we do…? 我们做……好吗?
What about+n./ doing…? 做……怎么样?
◆接受建议
All right./ OK. / Good idea. 好的。/好的。/好主意。
That would be interesting./ It sounds great. 那会很有趣。/听起来很棒。
How about+n./ doing…? 做……怎么样?
Why don’t you do…? 你为什么不做……?
Why not do…? 为什么不做……?
◆拒绝建议
I would love/ like to. But …
我很乐意。但是……
No, I would rather do …
不,我宁愿做……
15. 情感表达
情感表达
常见句型
表达焦虑
What’s wrong? 怎么了?
What’s the matter/ trouble/ problem (with you)? (你)怎么了?
I’m/ He’s/ She’s worried. 我/他/她很担心。
What should I do? 我应该怎么办?
表达喜悦
Well done. 干得好。
How wonderful! 太棒了!
That’s nice/ great/ wonderful! 那太好了/太棒了/太棒了!
I am glad/ pleased/ happy to hear that. 听到那件事我很高兴。
表达惊奇
Really? 真的吗?
Oh my dear! 哦,我的天哪!
What a surprise!/ How surprising! 太令人惊讶了!
表达安慰
Don’t worry. 别担心。
Don’t be afraid. 不要害怕。
Take it easy. 放轻松。
It’ll be all right. 会没事的。
Take your time. 慢慢来,别着急。
Cheer up. 振作起来。
表达遗憾
I am sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息我很难过。
What a pity! 太可惜了!
表达满意
Good!/ Well done!/ Perfect!/ That’s fine./ That’s better.
很好!/干得好!/完美!/那很好。/那更好。
表达恐惧
Help!/ How terrible!/ You scared me!
救命啊!/真可怕!/你吓到我了!
表达愤怒
How annoying!/ Get out!
好烦啊!/出去!
16. 价格商议
价格商议
应答
I am afraid it’s too dear/ expensive. Can it be a bit/ little cheaper?
恐怕太贵了。可以便宜一点儿吗?
Could you give me a discount?
可以给我打折吗?
How about a discount?
能不能打点儿折?
I will give you a 20% discount.
我给你打八折。
Forty yuan is the lowest price.
四十元是最低价。
1. 一问一答型
(1)判断场景或人物关系
认真阅读题干,根据题干信息判断对话发生的场景以及对话双方的关系。
【例】— Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to Garden Hotel?
— Garden Hotel? . I really don’t know.
A.Forget it B.I’m sorry
C.Go ahead D .All right
【解析】B。由句中的 Excuse me和 Could you…等表达可以判断这是一个请求帮助或询问信息的对话场景,再结合句中出现的 Garden Hotel(花园酒店),可推测本题大概率属于询问与提供信息中的询问路线。因此可知答语有两种形式:应允并提供路线或因为自己也不知道而表达歉意。再由答句中的 I really don’t know 可知回答者也不知道路线,因此他会礼貌地表达歉意,故选择 I’m sorry。
(2)判断对话的逻辑关系
认真分析对话,寻找上下句中的关键词,如疑问词,以及表示问候、感谢、道歉等的词
语,根据获得的关键信息理清对话的逻辑关系。
【例】— Would you like to go to the beach this weekend?
— . The weather is lovely.
A.It depends B.I’m afraid so
C.I don’t care D.Sounds great
【解析】D 。根据问句中出现的 Would you like 可知这里是在提出邀请,此时应答者有
接受邀请和拒绝邀请两种选择。结合空白处后的 The weather is lovely 可知周末天气不错,由此推断应答者应该是接受了邀请,故空白处应该填入 sounds great(听起来很棒)。
(3)避免中式思维
在中文语境中,面对他人的夸奖,我们常会以“没有没有 ”或“哪里哪里 ”来回应,以示谦虚。然而,在西方文化中,当受到他人赞美时,更恰当的做法是表达对赞美的认同和感谢。
【例】— You have a beautiful garden.
— . I spent a lot of time on it.
A.Help yourself B.Take it easy
C.Of course not D.Thank you
【解析】D。根据题干中的 You have a beautiful garden 可知这是对话中一方在赞美另一
方家的花园。如果在做题时没有摆脱中式思维的影响,很容易误选C项 of course not(当然不是)。但在英语文化中,当我们听到别人的赞美时,用表示认同和感谢的话语作为回应更为恰当,故空白处应该填入thank you。
2. 问答对话型
(1)细节信息型——直接找答案
【例】
W: Good morning. Can I help you?
M: Yes, I’d like a double room.
W: How many nights do you plan to stay here?
M: Three. I’ll be checking out on Friday morning.
When is the man checking out?
A .Friday. B.Thursday. C.Tuesday. D .Saturday.
【解析】A。本题考查对话问答型的情景交际。题干的意思是“男士什么时候退房的 ”。
根据对话内容可知,男士周五早上退房。故 A 项为正确答案。
(2)概括信息型——读懂大意、简单推理
【例】
W: I’m afraid we just don’t see eye to eye on this. Let’s call the rest team members to a meeting to discuss it.
M: OK, let’s do that.
It’s clear that the woman the man.
A .doesn’t like B.doesn’t agree with C.agrees with D.respects
【解析】B 。本题考查对话问答型的情景交际。题干问的是对话者的观点态度。根据对
话内容可知,女士和男士的意见不一致。故正确答案为 B。
3. 短文问答型
(1)仔细阅读题干,题干问到的问题主要涉及五个方面,分别为场景、内容、 目的、 讲话人或作者的身份、讲话人或作者的观点态度等。
(2)阅读短文,理解短文内容,判断短文的体裁和出处(是否属于广告、通知等,是否摘录自一篇演讲、一则招聘启事等),推测短文发生的场景(如机场广播通知、学校开学典礼等)
(3)仔细阅读选项,结合短文内容,选出符合题干问题的正确答案。
【例】The rapid growth of the Internet over recent years has caused problems for parents and teachers. Parents worry about which sites their children spend time on, who they chat with online and what computer games they play. For teachers, the main worry is that the Internet makes cheating easier.
According to this short passage, parents and teachers think that the rapid growth of the Internet has a effect on the children.
A.good B.positive C.negative D.wonderful
【解析】C。本题考查对话问答型的情景交际。题干意思为“根据这篇短文,家长和老
师认为互联网的迅速发展对孩子们有 影响 ”。根据短文内容可知,家长和老师认为互
联网的迅速发展对孩子们有消极影响。故正确答案为 C。
4. 补全对话型
(1)分析选项(疑问句或陈述句或祈使句),预判语境;
(2)快速通读对话,了解大意,摸清发生的地点、时间、人物的身份和话题;
(3)细读对话,把握语境和上下文逻辑关系,初步确定选项;
(4)逐空选择,先易后难。对比较有把握的空白处,先确定选项,然后利用排除法选择其他空白处所对应的选项;
(5)将所选句子代入空白处并通读整段对话,检查上下文是否连贯,文理是否通顺,从而验证答案。
【例】W: Good morning. 1
M: Hi, we’d like two tickets to Xuzhou, please.
W: Xuzhou. Certainly. Are you leaving today?
M: Yes.
W: The next train is at 12:00. 2
M: Yes, I’ll take the 12:00 tickets.
W: Single or return?
M: Two singles. 3
W: First-class is 100 yuan and second-class is 80 yuan.
M: 4
W: That’s 160 yuan, please.
M: Here’s the money.
W: And here are your tickets. 5
A .Will that be OK?
B .How much are the tickets?
C .Two second-class tickets are fine, thank you.
D.May I help you?
E.Have a nice trip.
【解析】本题考查补全对话型的情景交际。主要讲述一位男士在火车站购买高铁票,与售票人员之间发生的对话。
1. D。通读全段对话可知,男士为顾客,女士为火车售票员。“May I help you? ”是服务员或售票员等询问顾客有什么需要时常用的开头语,意为“有什么可以帮您”。
2. A。根据前文“The next train is at 12:00.(下一班火车 12 点开。) ”以及后文“I ’ll take the 12:00 tickets.(我订12点这趟的票。)”可知,售票员询问男士这趟火车是否可以。
3. B。根据下文售票员的回答“First-class is 100 yuan and second-class is 80 yuan.(一等座100元,二等座80元。)”可知,男士在询问售票员高铁票的价格。
4. C。根据上文售票员说“First-class is 100 yuan and second-class is 80 yuan.(一等座 100元,二等座80元。) ”及下文售票员的回答“That ’s 160 yuan, please.(一共160元。) ” 可知,男士要买两张二等座的票。
5. E。对话结束,售票员跟男士告别。“Have a nice trip. ”是常用的告别用语,意为“祝旅途愉快”。
题型解读
一、一问一答型
一问一答型题目考查日常的口头交际用语,该类型题目的解题方法如下。
(1)理解题目中的信息,正确判断对话的情景。
(2)根据情景,选择习惯用语。
(3)答语要符合西方人的思维方式和文化风俗习惯。
(4)使用文明礼貌用语,婉转表达意愿和情感。
二、对话问答型
对话问答型题目常为一男一女两个角色的短对话形式,需要考生根据对话内容回答题干的问题。该类型题目的解题方法如下。
(1)通读对话,明确大意、情景和语境。
(2)仔细阅读题干。题干问到的问题主要涉及五个方面,分别为对话的场景、对话的内容、对话者的身份、对话者之间的关系、对话者的观点态度。
(3)仔细阅读选项,结合对话内容,选出符合题干问题的正确答案。
三、短文问答型
短文问答型题目常为小故事或通知、广告、演讲、文章摘录等应用文形式,需要考生根据短文内容回答题干的问题。该类型题目的解题方法如下。
(1)阅读短文,理解短文内容,判断短文的体裁和出处(是否属于广告、通知等,是否摘录自一篇演讲、一则招聘启事等),推测短文发生的场景(如机场广播通知、学校开学典礼等)。
(2)仔细阅读题干。题干问到的问题主要涉及五个方面,分别为场景、内容、目的、讲话人或作者的身份、讲话人或作者的观点态度等。
(3)仔细阅读选项,结合短文内容,选出符合题干问题的正确答案。
四、补全对话型
补全对话型题目的考查方向主要围绕10个话题项目展开,即个人与家庭(如个人信息、亲友、友谊、家庭活动)、学校生活(如校园设施、校园活动、老师与学生、课程)、日常生活(如文明礼仪、饮食、购物、天气、服装、广告)、休闲娱乐(如运动、音乐、电影、游戏、兴趣、爱好)、健康(如疾病、就医、健身)、居住环境(如社区、安全、家居、公共设施)、出行(如旅游、交通、问路、预订)、科学技术(如网络、通讯、传播)、工作(如职业、计划、求解决问题、职业道德、求职、生涯规划)、节日与习俗(如中外节日、风俗习惯)。
补全对话型题目旨在通过特定的语境,考查考生是否能对所谈论的话题做出正确反应并正确使用语句进行交流。同时也考查学生的逻辑推理能力和对上下文的驾驭能力。该类型题目的解题方法如下。
(1)跳过空白处,快速通读整段对话,了解对话大意,摸清对话发生的地点、时间、人物的身份和话题。
(2)细读对话,把握语境和上下文逻辑关系,初步确定选项。可以先判断空白处应填的句子类型(疑问句或陈述句或祈使句),然后逐个浏览选项,关联对话。
(3)逐空选择,先易后难。对比较有把握的空白处,先确定选项,然后利用排除法选择其他空白处所对应的选项。
(4)将所选句子代入空白处并通读整段对话,检查上下文是否连贯,文理是否通顺,从而验证答案。
【真题练手】
11. —I am so hungry. I can hardly walk any further.
—________ Let’s go to the restaurant to have something to eat.
A. Neither I can. B. Neither can I. C. So I can. D. So can I.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意:—我太饿了。我几乎不能再继续走了。—我也不能了。我们去餐厅吃点东西吧。“neither+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“主语也一样不……”,用来表达与上文所述否定情况一样的情况。故选B项。
12. — Don’t worry, Jack. The doctor said it was only the flu.
—________ I’ll tell my mom there is nothing serious.
A. What a relief! B. Congratulations! C. How surprising! D. I’m so sorry!
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意:—别担心,杰克。医生说只是流感。—那我就放心了。我会告诉我妈妈没什么大碍的。A. What a relief!那我就放心了;B. Congratulations!恭喜;C. How surprising!真没想到;D. I’m so sorry!真遗憾,我很抱歉。对方安慰杰克不要担心,结合答语可知,此处应表示杰克放下心来。故选A。
13. —I’m afraid I can’t complete the task within two weeks.
— ________
A. Go ahead, please. B. That’s right. C. Take your time. D. Hurry up.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意:—恐怕我不能在两周内完成这项任务。—慢慢来。A. Go ahead, please. 请继续;B. That’s right. 那是对的; C. Take your time. 慢慢来;D. Hurry up.快一点。根据上文“I’m afraid I can’t complete the task within two weeks. (恐怕我不能在两周内完成这项任务。)”可知,这里表示安慰对方,让对方不要着急。故选C。
14. — Miss White, thanks for your invitation. I had a good time.
—________
A. I’m glad to hear that. B. I think so. C. It’s not good enough. D. No doubt.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意:—怀特小姐,谢谢你的邀请。我玩得很开心。—你这么说我很高兴。A. I’m glad to hear that.你这么说我很高兴;B. I think so.我这么认为;C. It’s not good enough.还不够好;D. No doubt.毫无疑问。根据语境可知,主人对客人的满意感到开心。故选A项。
15. — Would you like to go shopping with me this afternoon?
—________ I have English classes this afternoon.
A. What a pity! B. I’d love to! C. My pleasure! D. Definitely not!
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意:—你想今天下午和我一起去购物吗?—太遗憾了。今天下午我要上英语课。A. What a pity!太遗憾了!B. I’d love to! 我很想去!C. 不客气!D. 绝不。根据“I have English classes this afternoon.(今天下午我要上英语课。)”可知,此处是对没法一起去购物表示遗憾。故选A项。
16. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
W: So, John, as a new comer to this firm, you don’t know about the meeting tomorrow, do you?
M: No, I don’t. Thanks a lot for telling me, Susan.
A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Friends. D. Roommates.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意:女:约翰,作为公司的新员工,你不知道明天的会议,是吧? 男: 是的,我不知道。非常感谢你告诉我,苏珊。问题:这两个说话者之间可能的关系是什么?根据第一句中“as a new comer to this firm”可知约翰是公司的新员工,他们之间是同事关系,此对话最可能在办公室中发生。故答案选B。
17. What problem does the woman have?
W: My assistant is absent today. I have to do the experiment alone.
M: Oh, no. You can’t do it without an assistant, for safety.
A. The man can’t help her.
B. Her assistant isn’t present today.
C. She has no time for the experiment.
D. She is afraid to do the experiment by herself.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。女:我的助理今天没来。我必须独自做这个实验。男:哦,不。为了安全起见,你不能没有助手。问题:这位女士有什么问题?根据“My assistant is absent today. I have to do the experiment alone.”可知,这位女士需要做实验,可她的助手没有来。故选B项。
18. At what time did the conversation take place?
W: What’s the time for departure?
M: 7:30. That only leaves us 55 minutes to go through the customs and check our luggage.
A. 6:05. B. 6:35. C. 7:00. D. 7:30.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查推理判断。女:什么时候出发?男:7:30。我们只有55分钟的时间通过海关和检查行李。问题:对话发生在什么时候?根据问题“What’s the time for departure?”和答复“7:30”可知,启程时间是7:30。根据“That only leaves us 55 minutes (那只留给我们55分钟)”,从7:30倒推55分钟可知,现在是6:35。故选B项。
19. How much will the man pay for the tickets?
W: Tickets are fifteen dollars for an adult, and kids’ tickets are half price.
M: OK, I’d like to have three adults’ and two kids’ tickets.
A. 20 dollars. B. 40 dollars. C. 60 dollars. D. 80 dollars.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意:—成人票15美元,儿童票半价。—好的,我要三张成人票和两张儿童票。A. 20 dollars 20美元;B. 40 dollars 40美元;C. 60 dollars 60美元;D. 80 dollars 80美元。问题:这位男士买票一共要花多少钱?根据“Tickets are fifteen dollars for an adult, and kids’ tickets are half price.”可知,一张成人票15美元,一张儿童票7.5美元,3张成人票加两张儿童票一共60美元。故选C。
20. What will Jim do this weekend?
W: Jim, you’ve been using the computer for the whole afternoon. What’s on?
M: I am searching for Mayan culture for a school paper. I need to hand it in next Monday. There are just two days left.
A. Lecture on Mayan culture. B. Go to buy a computer.
C. Write a school paper. D. Hand in a school paper.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意:女:吉姆,你整个下午都在用电脑。在干什么? 男:我在为学校论文搜索玛雅文化。我需要下周一交。只剩下两天了。问题:吉姆这个周末要做什么?根据“I am searching for Mayan culture for a school paper. I need to hand it in next Monday.”可知,吉姆要在周末写一篇学校论文。故选C项。
21. What does the man come here for?
W: Welcome back, Mr. Black. Would you like the same style as last time?
M: In fact, I’d like to be different this month. Could you make it much shorter on top?
W: Sure. Please keep still. The scissors are extremely sharp.
A. To get some headache pills. B. To have a haircut.
C. To take a physical examination. D. To do some shopping.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查推理判断。句意:—欢迎回来,布莱克先生。你想要和上次一样的发型吗?—实际上,这个月我想有点不一样。你能把头顶多剪短一点吗?—当然。请保持不动。剪刀非常锋利。问题:这位男士来这里做什么?A. To get some headache pills. 去买点头痛药片;B. To have a haircut.去理发;C. To take a physical examination. 去体检;D.To do some shopping.去购物。根据“Please keep still. The scissors are extremely sharp. (请保持不动。剪刀非常锋利。)”可知,这位男士正在理发。故选B项。
22. What does the woman usually do with her old clothes?
M: Lucy, how do you usually deal with your old clothes?
W: I don’t like throwing them away, so I usually give them to those who need. What about you?
M: My old clothes usually end up at ThredUP, an online second-hand store.
A. She sells them. B. She donates them.
C. She throws them away. D. She puts them away.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意:男:露西,你通常怎么处理你的旧衣服?女:我不喜欢扔掉它们,所以我通常会把它们送给那些需要的人。你呢?男:我的旧衣服通常会送到 ThredUP,一家在线二手商店。问题:这位女士通常如何处理她的旧衣服?根据“I usually give them to those who need (我通常会把它们送给那些需要的人)”可知,露西会把旧衣服捐给他人。故选C。
23. What are the speakers talking about?
W: How did Nick get out again? I thought I closed up that pet door. Did Nick break through it?
M: No I opened it. Nick was barking so much that I had to let him go out.
A. How their dog went out. B. How their cat went out.
C. Why their dog barked so much. D. Why their pet became so crazy.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主旨大意。女:尼克又是怎么出来的?我以为我把宠物门关上了。尼克打破门出来了吗? 男:没有,我打开了。尼克老是叫,我只好让他出去了。问题:说话者在谈论什么?根据“How did Nick get out again?”和“Nick was barking”可知,他们在谈论宠物狗是如何出去的。故选A项。
24. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
Many young people find that the Internet is a good place to make friends. They can talk with people from other countries and of different cultures. In this way, they practice language skills and learn more about new cultures.
A. The advantage of using the Internet. B. The disadvantage of using the Internet.
C. The advantage of making friends. D. The disadvantage of making friends.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主旨大意。句意:发言者主要在说什么?根据“Many young people find that the Internet is a good place to make friends. (许多年轻人发现互联网是一个交友的好地方。)”可知,本段主要讲的是网络带来的好处。故选A项。
25. Who probably made this speech?
Hello, everyone, I’d like to welcome you all to Sanya. I promise you are going to enjoy your stay here. This is a beautiful city, where you can relax, sit by the beach and enjoy great meals. Tomorrow morning at 9:00, we’ll gather in front of the information desk of the hotel, and I’ll tell you in detail about our traveling programmes. I hope to see you tomorrow.
A. A receptionist. B. A hotel manager. C. A school teacher. D. A tour guide.
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查推理判断。句意:这大概是谁的演讲?根据“...and I’ll tell you in detail about our traveling programmes. (我会向大家详细介绍我们的旅行计划。)”可推知,应是导游向大家介绍旅行计划,演讲人为导游。故选D。
在本节中,你将读到一段对话,从方框中所给的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案,并将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑。
M: Hello, Lucy. ____26____
W: Good morning, Mr. Green.
M: ____27____
W: But you have an appointment with our manager, Mr. Smith.
M: Yes, but could we put it off until next week?
W: Let me see. Next week…what about next Wednesday?
M: That’s all right. ____28____
W: Let me have a check. Sorry, he’ll be in a meeting then. ____29____
M: 3 o’clock? That’s fine.
W: ____30____ Have a nice trip, Mr. Green.
M: Thank you.
A. How about 3 o’clock in the afternoon?
B. I’ll tell him to expect you in his office.
C. Shall we make it 9 o’clock?
D. I’m calling to tell you I have to fly to Beijing this afternoon.
E. This is Tom Green from ABC Company.
【答案】26. E 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一则对话。对话中格林先生与史密斯助理露西重新约定了双方见面的时间。
【26题详解】
根据答语“Good morning, Mr. Green. (早上好,格林先生。)”可知,此处应为致电的一方介绍自己。选项E“我是ABC公司的汤姆·格林”符合语境。故选E。
【27题详解】
根据语境及答语“But you have an appointment with our manager, Mr. Smith. (但是你和我们的经理史密斯先生有约。)”可知,此处应为格林先生表达自己致电的原因。选项D“我打电话是想告诉你,我今天下午要飞北京。”符合语境。故选D。
【28题详解】
根据“Let me have a check. (让我查看一下。)”及后文的“3 o’clock? That’s fine. (三点钟?没问题。)”可知,此处应为格林先生询问露西某个时间是否合适,且应排除与三点钟有关的选项。选项C“要不要把时间定到九点?”符合语境。故选C。
【29题详解】
根据答语“3 o’clock? That’s fine. (三点钟?没问题。)”可知,此处应为露西建议把时间改到三点钟。选项A“下午三点怎么样?”符合语境。故选A。
【30题详解】
根据“3 o’clock? That’s fine. (三点钟?没问题。)”可知,双方约定好了时间,此处应为露西表达自己会转达此事。选项B“我会告诉他在办公室等您。”符合语境。故选B。
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