Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures(课件PPT)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

HISTORY AND TRADITIONS UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 语法慧学·提升语言能力 目 录 Contents 课时作业(一XX) 语基输入·助力语言输出 语法慧学·提升语言能力 shortened known 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 parked charged solved sung 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 定语 前面 定语 后面 宾语补足语 被动 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 marked devoted fallen given 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 gained recognized dressed in white 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 taken interested washed surrounded 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 standing called calling 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 surprised covered developed 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 spoken waiting designed confused confusing 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 taken improved visiting 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 known to everybody made by the customers notice his wallet stolen 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 leave all the dishes untouched find her valuable necklace lost 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 built ruined designed 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 visited known attracted 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 语基输入·助力语言输出 1 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 for of was charged 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 in the charge of in charge of takes charge of 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 2 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 was announced announcement 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 It has been officially announced that announced to the students made an announcement to the students 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 3 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 was donated were donated a large amount of/large amounts of teaching experience 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 4 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 approaches to exploring At 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 around/ round the corner/drawing near 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 5 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 to generosity It is generous of you to lend 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第二册 制 作 者：状元桥 适用对象：高中学生 制作软件：Powerpoint2010、 Photoshop cs3 运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统 过去分词作定语和宾补 用动词的适当形式填空 1．(教材P42)Most people just use the _____________ (short) name：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”． 2．(教材P42)They use the same flag, _________(know) as the Union Jack. 3．(教材P42)Judy and I had our car __________(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery ___________(charge)． 4．We'd like to see the problems _________(solve) within seven days. 5．Have you ever heard the song _____(sing) in Chinese? [自我感知] 1．例句1中为单个的过去分词作______，常常放于被修饰名词的______；例句2中为过去分词短语作______，常常放于被修饰名词的______。 2．例句3,4,5中的过去分词在句中作_____________，它们与句子宾语之间为逻辑上的______关系或完成关系。 一、过去分词作定语 (一)过去分词作定语时的意义 1．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。 ►Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last. 我们的老师看着我们做实验，最后给了我们一个满意的微笑。 ►The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon. 会议上提出的计划将很快被执行。 2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。 ►Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard. 许多小孩子喜欢在庭院里收集落叶。 ►The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning. 早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀着。 (二)过去分词作定语时的位置 1．前置定语 一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。 ►Many used cars are on show now, and you can go to find a good one. 很多二手车现在正在甩卖，你可以去找一辆好车。 ►We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。 [提示] 有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的), given(所给的), concerned(有关的)等。 ►There are few tigers left.It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out. 剩余的老虎不多了，是相关当局采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。 2．后置定语 过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 ►His novels loved by many readers are well worth reading. 他的小说深受读者喜爱，很值得一读。 ►The book published ten years ago is still a best-seller today. 十年前出版的这本书如今仍然很畅销。 3．过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别 意义 形式 语态 时态 过去分词 被动 完成 现在分词 主动 进行 ►As we all know, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 ►The visitor is from a developed country. 这位游客来自一个发达国家。 4．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别 意义 形式 语态 时态 done 被动 完成 being done 被动 进行 to be done 被动 尚未发生 ►The building built last year is our classroom building. 去年建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。 ►The building being built now is our classroom building. 现在正在建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。 ►The building to be built next month is our classroom building. 下个月将要建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。 [即时训练1]——单句语法填空/句型转换 (1)Earth Day, _________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. (2)It was a great pleasure to have a ___________(devote) friend. (3)When I woke up next morning, I found the ground was covered with __________(fall) leaves. (4)Our teacher asked us to use the words _________(give) to make up sentences. (5)The experience _________(gain) through this journey will help me get over difficulties in life in the future. (6)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)Shanghai may be the ____________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace. (7)The girl who is dressed in white will deliver a speech at the meeting. →The girl ____________________ will deliver a speech at the meeting. 二、常见的过去分词作宾语补足语的情况 1．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep, leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。 ►He passed away, leaving his works unfinished. 他去世了，留下他的著作还未完成。 ►Don't keep your mouth shut when I ask you a question. 当我问你问题时不要闭口不语。 2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。 (1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”表示“让别人做某事”。 ►He wants to have/get his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去检查眼睛。 ►Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period. 珍妮希望史密斯先生会建议一个好的方法以使她的英语写作在短期内得到提升。 (2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词表示结果。 ►They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English. 他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。 3．感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 ►When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。 ►The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。 4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like, want, wish, expect, order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 ►The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week. 经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。 5．过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。 ►With every problem settled, he began to think of a journey. 每一个问题解决后，他开始考虑旅行。 [即时训练2]——单句语法填空 (1)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _________(take)． (2)He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______________(interest) in his lectures. (3)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car __________(wash)． (4)When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself ______________(surround) by doctors and nurses. 三、非谓语动词作宾语补足语的区别 1．感官动词(短语)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以hear为例)： ►I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天经过她的房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。(主动、正在进行) ►I heard her sing an English song just now. 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动、完成) ►To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听英语。(被动、无时间性) 2．使役动词make, have, get, keep后加复合宾语的比较： (1)make＋宾语＋ ►The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。 ►He spoke slowly and clearly so that he could make himself understood. 他说得又慢又清楚以便使自己被理解。 (2)have＋宾语＋ ►Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. 母亲让我去商店买些食盐。 ►He had us laughing all through the meal. 整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。 ►My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month. 上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。 (3)get＋宾语＋ ►He got me to post the letter for him. 他让我替他寄信。 ►The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest. 休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。 ►I'll get my cellphone repaired tomorrow. 我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。 (4)keep＋宾语＋　 ►The teacher keeps Jim standing for ten minutes for his being late. 吉姆迟到了，老师罚他站了十分钟。 ►She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。 [即时训练3]——单句语法填空 (1)Today, you can find a statue of John Harvard _______ (stand) in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard, and it is perhaps the University's best known landmark. (2)While walking along the street, I heard my name __________(call)． (3)While walking along the street, I heard him ________ (call) my name. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Last night he told me about the amazing news in a _____________(surprise) voice. 2．When we saw the road ___________(cover) with snow, we decided to spend the weekend at home. 3．The manager was satisfied to see many new products _____________(develop) after great effort. 4．To tell the truth, you must make every effort to improve your __________(speak) English. 5．I'm sorry for having kept you ___________(wait) for such a long time.Let's talk about your problem now. 6．They spent two hours discussing the plan __________ (design) by the famous engineer. 7．The ____________ expression on his face suggested that he was not able to work out the _____________ problem. (confuse) 8．Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother _________(take) good care of at home. 9．I'd appreciate it if you could suggest a good way to get my English ____________(improve) in a short period of time. 10．Nowadays, there are many people ____________ (visit) the park every day. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．他们正在开会讨论这个人人都知道的严重问题。 They're having a meeting to discuss the serious problem ______________________. 2．为了解决这个问题，我们应该满足顾客提出的需求。 To solve the problem, we should meet the demand _________________________. 3．使他吃惊的是，他没有注意到钱包在公交车上被人偷了。 To his surprise, he didn't __________________________ on the bus. 4．在所有客人就座之前，你最好不要动所有的菜。 You'd better ______________________________ before all the guests are seated. 5．发现她珍贵的项链丢了，这位年轻女士很恼火。 The young lady was quite annoyed to _______________ ____________________. Ⅲ.用动词的适当形式填空 The capital of Wales, Cardiff, is just 2.5 hours from London by train.The city's heart is Cardiff Castle, 1.________ (build) over one thousand years ago.The walls are remains from the Roman occupation(侵占), the 2.__________(ruin) stone tower was built by Normans, and the main building is a 19th-century Victorian reconstruction of a medieval castle 3.____________(design) by William Burges, complete with million-dollar rooms, such as the Arab Room.It would cost more than $10 million to create the same room today. Cardiff's most 4.___________(visit) attraction is a more recent addition: the Wales Millennium Centre, which opened in 2009.What makes the attraction 5._________(know) as a top performing arts center in the UK is that it has one of the largest theaters in Europe.When you are in Wales, you will find yourself 6._____________(attract) by its past and its present. (教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。 charge　n．收费；指控；主管　vt.收费；控告；充电 ①take charge of　掌管/负责…… in charge (of…) 主管/掌管/负责…… in/under the charge of sb＝in one's charge 在某人的掌管之下 free of charge 免费 ②charge (sb) for sth 为某物(向某人)收费/要价 charge sb with (doing) sth 控告某人(做)某事 ③discharge n．出院；退伍；免职；排出(物) v．解雇；释放；排出 ①(以文助写)The universe is not in the charge of you, but you are in charge of yourself. 你主宰不了宇宙，但你可以主宰你自己。 ②(2021·全国乙)On her day of discharge, we shared in her delight at her recovery. 在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)I wonder how much you will charge me _______ the six-week course. (2)The man who had taken charge ______ the company _______________(charge) with taking drugs. [习作练笔]——一句多译 (3)老板不在时，汤姆负责这家公司。 ①The company is ____________________ Tom while the boss is away. ②Tom is _______________ the company while the boss is away. ③Tom _________________ the company while the boss is away. (教材P42)When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 当我们最终到达服务台要语音讲解器时，我们听到服务台宣布没有语音讲解器了。 announce　vt.宣布；通知；声称 ①announce sth to sb　向某人宣告某事 It is announced that… 据宣布…… ②announcement n．通知；公告 make an announcement 宣布；下通知 ③announcer n．播音员；广播员 [提示] 动词announce后不跟双宾语，表示“向某人宣布某事”时应该说announce sth to sb 或announce to sb sth。类似用法的单词还有：suggest, explain, report, say等。 ①The announcer made an announcement that all the details should be announced through the broadcast. 播音员宣布所有的细节都要通过广播来宣布。 ②The warm sunshine announces that spring is coming. 温暖的阳光预示着春天即将到来。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)At the end of the meeting, it _________________ (announce) that an agreement had been reached. (2)He made the ________________(announce) in a speech on television. [习作练笔]——补全句子/一句多译 (3)官方消息宣布他不久将访问中国。 ________________________________________ he will pay a visit to China soon. (4)老师向学生们宣布下周要举行英语竞赛。 ①The teacher __________________________ that there would be an English contest next week.(announce) ②The teacher _______________________________ that there would be an English contest next week.(announcement) (教材P42)We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 当发现国家美术馆门口有那么多的参观者和那么多的噪音时，我们感到非常惊讶。 amount　n．金额；数量 v．总计，共计；相当于，等于 ①大量的 the amount of……的数量 in large/small amounts大量地/少量地 ②amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于 (2023·3月天津)Putting aside a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management. 每月存一点儿钱被广泛认为是个人理财的好习惯。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)A large amount of money _______________(donate) by the generous poet to the flood-stricken area last week. (2)Large amounts of money ________________(donate) by the generous poet to the flood-stricken area last week. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (3)我有大量的教学经验，适合做这项志愿者工作。 Having ________________________________________ ____________, I am suitable for the voluntary job. [提示] 表示“大量的”的短语还有a large number of, a great deal of, plenty of, a lot of等。 (1)a great deal of, a large amount of只能修饰不可数名词； (2)a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数； (3)a lot of, plenty of既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。 (教材P42)It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. 周围有那么多人，很难接近那幅画。 approach　n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理　vi.靠近 ①an/the approach to　(to为介词)接近，近似；(做某事)的方法/途径；……的入口 at the approach of (＝with…approaching) 在……快到的时候 ②approach sb/sth 靠近/接近某人/某物 be approaching 临近，靠近 approach the problem/matter 处理问题 ①(2023·1月浙江)Hovering, she approached within six inches of my face. 她悬停着，靠近我的脸不到六英寸。 ②With the day of the new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. 随着新演出的日子临近，我越来越焦虑。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)At the meeting the students discussed three different ______________(approach) to the study of maths. (2)All the approaches ______ the airport were blocked by the police. (3)The best approach to __________(explore) the puzzle is to keep your eyes open. (4)___ the approach of the College Entrance Examination, some students stay up late to study. [习作练笔]——同义替换 (5)With the time of graduation approaching(→________ _________________________), we are busy with our papers. [提示]同义词approach, way, means, method等在表达“(做)某事的方法”时，各自的搭配分别是： ❶the approach to (doing) sth ❷the way to do/of (doing) sth ❸the means of (doing) sth ❹the method of (doing) sth (教材P42)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这个家庭给他们提供自制的黄油和蜂蜜面包。 generous　adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 ①be generous to sb　对某人慷慨 be generous with sth 在某方面大方；不吝啬某物 It's generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事真是慷慨 ②generously adv.慷慨地；大方地 generosity n．慷慨；大方 The young man is very generous with his time in helping others.这个年轻人在帮助别人方面很慷慨，不吝惜时间。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)These volunteers are particularly generous ______ the old men. (2)If you plan to keep your friends, you must practise honesty, ______________(generous) and understanding. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (3)你能把你的智能手机借给我，真是太慷慨了。 ________________________________ your smartphone to me. $$