Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures(Word教参)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 现在完成时的被动语态 用动词的适当形式填空 1．(教材P28)Much has been written (write) about the wonders of the World Wide Web. 2．(教材P28)Many people have been helped (help) by the club. 3．The child has been taken (take) care of by grandma all these years. 4．The ink has not been removed (remove) from the clothes. 5．Haven't your problem been solved (solve)? 6．How many buildings have been built (build) in your school? [自我感知] (1)以上例句中都使用了 现在完成时的被动语态 。 (2)以上例句中第1,2,3句是该时态的 肯定 句式；第4句是 否定 句式；第5句是 一般疑问 句式；第6句是 特殊疑问 句式。 一、现在完成时的被动语态的结构 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done… 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done… 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done…？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done…？ ►He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.他已被挑选出来参加运动会。 ►They haven't been told the exciting news yet, have they？他们还没有被告知这个令人兴奋的消息，是吗？ ►Has the date for the next meeting been decided? 下次会议的日期已确定了吗？ ►How long has the battery not been changed? 电池多久没有更换了？ [即时训练1]——句型转换 The children have already been told the good news. (1)将上面的句子变为否定句。 The children haven't been told the good news yet. (2)将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。 Have the children been told the good news yet？ (3)对上面句子中的The children进行提问。 Who has been told the good news yet？ 二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法 1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。 ►The machine has already been repaired. 机器已经修好了。 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long…？”句型中。 ►Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours. 公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。 ►How long has this film been shown? 这部电影已放映多长时间了？ 3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 ►You shouldn't leave school before your homework has been finished. 在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。 [提示]常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already(已经), yet(已经), recently/lately(最近), since then(从那时起), ever since(自那以来), ever(曾经), so far(迄今为止), by now(到现在为止), for a long time(很长一段时间), in recent years(在最近几年里), in/during/over the past/last years(在过去的几年里)。 [即时训练2] (1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子 ①Jack's boss has always praised him for his devotion to work. →Jack has always been praised by his boss for his devotion to work. ②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village. →A good place has been found to build a temple in the village. ③We haven't yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem. →How to solve that difficult technological problem hasn't been decided yet. (2)补全句子 ①当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。 I will go home when my homework has been finished . ②纸币已被使用了1 000多年了。 Paper money has been used for over one thousand years. 三、现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项 1．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 ►His boss has already punished him. →He has already been punished (by his boss)． 2．带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 ►He gave the little girl an apple. →The little girl was given an apple (by him)． →An apple was given to the little girl (by him)． [即时训练3]——将下面句子变为被动语态 (1)I have asked her to help you. → She has been asked to help you . (2)We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years. → Many trees have been planted on the hill in the last 5 years . (3)He has sent me an email. → I have been sent an email . → An email has been sent to me . Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Computers have been used (use) in offices and homes since 1970s. 2．In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut (cut)． 3．Computer science, with which rapid progress has been made (make) in recent years, plays a very important part in our daily life. 4．Up to now, more than five new species have been found (find) on this island by researchers. 5．Black Friday has been regarded (regard) as the beginning of the holiday shopping season for years. 6．Since the early 1990s, a lot of clinics have been founded (found) in this country to treat poor people for free. 7．The balance between the city and the country has been broken (break) by the industrial development over the past two centuries. 8．Some efforts were made (make) to improve the air quality in the city last winter. 9．Over the past three years, the paintings have been taken (take) to more than 20 museums in the world. 10．For centuries, the ancient language has been passed (pass) on from one generation to another. Ⅱ.句型转换 1．We have sent some rockets to space to explore the Moon and Mars. →Some rockets have been sent to space by us to explore the Moon and Mars. 2．Robert has bought an iPhone using his own money. →An iPhone has been bought by Robert using his own money. 3．The famous company has given the computers away to those high schools. →The computers have been given away to those high schools by the famous company. 4．The local government has chosen the university to organise the training course. →The university has been chosen by the local government to organise the training course. 5．They haven't told me that the meeting will be put off until next Friday. →I haven't been told that the meeting will be put off until next Friday. 6．People use bamboo in many different ways for thousands of years. →Bamboo has been used in many different ways for thousands of years. Ⅲ.阅读对话，根据括号内的提示补全对话 A：May I use your computer？My computer broke down yesterday.It doesn't work now. B：Certainly.My computer works well.It 1. hasn't been repaired (从来没被修理过) since I bought it last year.However, please wait for about half an hour. A：What are you doing on the computer? B：I 2. am downloading (正在下载) a movie now. A：OK.My blog 3. hasn't been updated (没更新) so far, and many fans are waiting for my article. B：What are you going to write this time? A：I am going to write an article about my experience of traveling in Nepal. B：Wonderful！I'm looking forward to it. A：My articles as well as some pictures 4. will be uploaded (将被上传)． B：Two articles about Nepal 5. have been written (被写) by you in the past five years.You have been there three times. A：You have a good memory.Nepal is one of the countries that have left me a deep impression. 1　(教材P30)Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password? 你确认Wi-Fi密码了吗？ confirm　vt.确认；使确信；证实；证明；批准 ①confirm＋sth/that从句/wh-从句 (尤指通过提供更多证据)证实…… It has been confirmed that…已证实…… confirm sb in (belief/opinion/view…) 使某人确信(信念/意见/观点……) ②confirmationn.证实；确认书；证明书 ①(2022·新课标Ⅰ)Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age.对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化。 ②It has confirmed me in my decision to become a volunteer.这使我坚定了做一名志愿者的决心。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)This kind of story should never be published without official confirmation (confirm)． (2)The latest evidence confirmed me in his honesty. (3)So far, six people have confirmed (confirm) that they will attend the meeting. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)她脸上的表情证明了她很难过。 The expression on her face confirmed her sadness . (5)已证实会议将于下周举行。 It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week. 2　(教材P30)Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file？你按下按钮复印文件了吗？ press　vt.按，压；敦促　n．按压；印刷(机)；记者；新闻界；报道；出版社 [语义感知]——写出句中press的词性及含义 (1)I pressed the juice of half a lemon into a glass of water.　vt.压　 (2)The doctor gently pressed his stomach.　vt.按　 (3)They are pressing us to make a quick decision.　vt.敦促　 (4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects.　n．新闻界　 ①press…against/to　把……压/挤/贴在…… press sth on sb 把(想法等)强加给某人 press sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事 ②pressure n．压(力)；压强；强制 under pressure 在压力下 put pressure on sb 给某人施加压力 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (5)The naughty boy pressed his face against/to the glass. (6)With one problem pressing on his mind, he felt stressed. (7)Extra lessons on Sundays put more pressure (press) on students, who already have lots of homework in fact. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (8)随着考试的临近，我们学生压力很大。 With the exam drawing near, we students are under great pressure . 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$