内容正文:
宾语从句
汇报人:xxx
九年级
CONTENT
01
连接词
02
时态
03
语序
2
什么是宾语从句?
宾语从句在主从复合句中起宾语的作用,既可作谓语动词的宾语,也可作介词、非谓语动词的宾语。
Cathy says that she loves swimming. 凯西说她喜欢游泳。
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主句 从句(宾语从句)
PART-01
宾语从句的连接词
连接词
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that没有实在的意义,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
如:He said (that) he wanted to go toschool. 他说他想要去上学。
如:She doesn’t know (that) she has nothing to eat. 她不知道她已经没吃的东西了。
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗?
如:I don’t know why she tells lies. 我不知道她为什么说谎。
连接词
3. 由if引导的宾语从句。if在宾语从句中的意思为“是否”,而if引导的条件状语从句在从句中翻译成“如果”,此时if不可以换成whether,时态要遵循“主将从现”原则。
如:I am not sure if he will come.(宾语从句) 我不确定他是否会来。
如:If he comes, I will call you. (条件状语从句) 如果他来了,我将会打电话给你。
4.whether引导的宾语从句。whether在句中的意思也是“是否”,大多数情况下可以与if互换。但句中有1、or not 2、介词后面 3、to do时只能用whether。
如:We haven’t decided whether to go there. 我们还没决定是否要去那里。
练习
1.I don't know________he will come tomorrow. ________he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If
答案:D
练习
2.Could you tell me________the nearest hospital is?
A. what B. how C. whether D. where
答案:D
PART-02
宾语从句的时态
时态:主现从实,主过从过,真理永现
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态根据句意来确定。
如:I hear that he was here yesterday. 我听说他昨天在这里。
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。
如:He asked what time it was. 他问几点了。
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,则从句的时态用一般现在时。
如:Our teacher said that the sun raises in the east.
我们老师说太阳从东边升起。
练习
1. Could you tell me if he_______to Shanghai? I can’t find him.
A. has gone B. had gone C. went D. go
答案:A
练习
2. Our teacher said that the moon_______around the earth.
A. turn B. turned C. has turned D. turns
答案:D
PART-03
宾语从句的语序
语序:陈述句---主语+谓语
1. 陈述句语序,谓语在主语的后面(主语+谓语)
I don’t know (what I should do next ). 我不知道我接下来该做什么。
2. 当连接词不作从句中的主语时,语序为:主句+连接词+主语+谓语+其他
He asked me (whether I was from China). 他问我,我是否来自中国。
3. 当连接词本身就是从句中的主语时,语序为:主句+连接词+谓语+其他
Miss Chen asked (what was the matter with Amy). 陈老师问,艾米怎么了。
练习
1. I don't know________the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come B. how will he come
C. if he comes D. whether he'll come
答案:D
宾语从句的简化
考点:
I don’t know (what to do). 我不知道做什么
由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句可以简化为特殊疑问词+动词不定式的形式。记住:what to do和how to do it
为什么?
练习
【2019广东】---Have you decided________the Expo 2019 Beijing?
---This summer holiday.
A. how are you going to B. how you are going to
C. when are you going to D. when you are going to
答案:D
感谢您的观看
汇报人:xxx
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