Unit3讲义重难点讲练2024-2025学年人教版英语九年级全册

Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？ ----------------------------------------夯实基础------------------------------------- 【重点短语】 1.a pair of 一对，一双，一副  2.between A and B 在a和b之间 3.on one’s / the way to 在去……的路上 4.pardon me 什么，请再说一遍 5.pass by 路过 经过 6.look forward to 盼望 期待 7.excuse me 打扰了 请原谅 8.get some information about 获取有关……的一些信息 9.turn left/right 向左向右 转 10.go past 经过 路过 11.a little earlier 早一点儿 12.a good place to eat 一个吃饭的好地方 13.in different situation 在不同的情况下 14.on time 准时 按时 15.get to 到达 16.have dinner 吃晚餐 17.on one’s / he right在右边 18.come on 快点 请过来 19.the shopping center 购物中心 20.the corner of....... 的角落/拐角处 21.lead into 导入，引入 一、词汇精讲 1. information information是不可数名词，意为“信息，情报”，常用some，much，a great deal of等修饰。表示“一条消息”用 a piece of information。例如：     A great deal of information can be stored in the computer.     计算机能储存大量的信息。 【拓展】辨析information，news与message information 表示通过打听、观察及学习获得的资料。 news是不可数名词，意为“消息，新闻”,指通过广播、电视及报纸报道的事。 message是可数名词，意为“口信，消息”，指通过口头或笔头传递给他人的消息。     I like listening to news on the radio. 我喜欢听广播新闻。     Sorry，he isn’t in. Could you leave a message?     对不起，他不在家，请你留个口信好吗？ 【例题】1. I have two _______. One is good , and the other is bad. Which one do you want to hear first? A. news B. piece of news C. pieces of news D.newses 2—Did the book give the _____ you need? —Yes. But I have to read the whole book to find it out, A.information B.messages C.notice D.news 3.Can you take a __________ for Jenny, please? A. note B. information C. news D. message 2. past （1）past作介词，意为“经过，穿过”。例如：     Go past the hospital, and you will see the post office.     经过医院，你就会看到邮局。 （2）past作名词，意为“过去”。例如：     Alice has traveled a lot in the past.     爱丽丝在过去旅游了许多地方。 （3）past作形容词，意为“过去的，前任的”。例如：     Great changes have taken place in the past 20 years.     在过去的20年里发生了巨大的变化。 【拓展】 pass作动词，意为“经过，传递”；pass作名词，意为“关口，通过”。例如：     The school bus passed our garden. 校车经过了我们的花园。     Please pass me the book. 请把书递给我。 【例题】1.Be careful not to knock anything ____ the floor when you ____ the bookshelf. A. onto, walk pass B. down, past C. onto, walk past D. over, pass 2. —Good news! You____the PE test. —Hooray! To be honest, I am worrying about it. A. will pass B. have passed C.are passing D. had passed 3.When I walked _______ the shop, I came across him. A. past B. passed C. passing D. passed 3. depend depend意思为“依靠、依赖、取决于”等，只用作不及物动词，通常与介词 on, upon 连用，主要用法有： （1） depend on/upon＋某人或某物     Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather.我们是否去野营要看天气。 有时可在某人或某物后用介词for。     Children depend on their parents for food and clothing  儿童的衣食靠父母。。 （2）depend on [upon]＋从句     Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.     我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。 （3）口语中说 It (all) depends. /That depends.意为“那要看情况”。     —Are you going too? 你也去吗?     —That depends. 那要看情况。 【例题】1．﹣How about going shopping together at one o'clock this afternoon？ ﹣______． Will three o'clock be OK？ A．Sorry， I can't make it B．Certainly， no problem C．Sure， it depends on you D．Sorry， I'm not free today 4. correct   （1）correct作形容词，意为“正确的；合适的；恰当的”，例如：     Do homework or read in a correct way． 用正确的方法做作业或者读书。     I think English men are very polite and very correct.      我认为英国人很有礼貌，举止非常得体。   （2）correct 作动词意为“改正，校正，改错，批改”等，例如：     It takes him a lot of time to correct the students’ homework.     批改学生的作业花费他很多时间。 【例题】1.The teeth are _____, but they look very natural（自然）. A. true B. correct C. right D. unnatural 2.The boy is so clever that he remembers all the words _____ (correct) in a short time. 5. course  （1）course 作名词，意为“课程”，是可数名词，其复数为courses。例如：     He flunked the course. 他考试不及格。 （2） course 作名词还可以意为“球场、一道菜、道路；线路”等。例如：     The ship has altered its course.   这艘船改变了航线。 【拓展】course常用搭配有：     of course   自然，当然     a matter of course 当然的事情 【例题】1.Do you mind if I open the window? -- _____ I feel a little cold. A. Of course not. B. I hope not. C. Go ahead. D. Why not? 6. beside beside作方位介词，以为“在……旁边”，例如：     I moved from behind my desk to sit beside her.   我从桌子后面走到她身边坐了下来。 【拓展】 besides“除……之外（还有……）”指在整体中加入一部分，表示一种累加关系，有“加上”之意。例如; Besides Tom，we are all here.包括汤姆在内我们都在这里。  except“除……之外（还有……）”是不包含在内的 Except Tom，we are all here.除了汤姆，我们都在这里。 【例题】用 beside 或 besides或except 完成下列的句子 1、Did you speak to anyone _____ Kate? 2、Who was that sitting _____ you in the lecture? 3、The students go to school every day ________ Saturday and Sunday． 7. look forward to look forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或者动名词。     I look forward to being alone in the house.  我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。 【拓展】 虽然介词to与动词不定式符号to在形式上相同，但用法各异。主要区别归纳如下： （1）介词to表示“向、往、对于 ” 等，既可以指时间、方向、距离、对象或结果，又可以指程度、直接或间接关系，后面必须接名词、代词等构成介词短语。     Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。     He tied the monkey to the tree. 他把猴子拴在树上。 （2）动词不定式符号to无词义，后面必须接动词原形，构成不定式短语。     To play computer games is wrong. 玩电脑游戏是错误的。     My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英语。 【例题】1.“Look forward to”also means ______. A.look ahead B.expect C.look into D.examine 2.We look forward to________ the opening ceremony（典礼）. A．Invite B．join C．having invited D．taking part in 8. mean （1）mean可以用作及物动词，意为“意欲，计划”。例如：     I mean you to spend this money for your daughter. 我是想让你用这笔款为你女儿买些东西的。 （2）mean还可以表示“预示”的意思。例如：  This snow means no sport this afternoon.这场雪使今天下午的体育活动搞不成 （3）mean还可以指“（字、句等）意指，意味”的意思。     A dictionary tells you what words mean. 词典告诉你词语的含义。 【拓展】辨析：mean to do, mean doing; mean to do是“打算，企图”的意思。mean doing是表示“意味着”的意思。例如：     I had meant to leave on Sunday. 我本打算周日走。     Missing the train means waiting for another hour.赶不上火车意味着要再等一个小时。 【例题】1.—What_______ the sign_______ —It _______“No parking”. A.does; mean; means B.do; mean; mean C.do; means; mean D.does; means; means 2.用mean to do/mean doing (1)I meant_____(go) running this morning, but I overslept, (2) Choose also means____( be) careful about which foods you buy. 9.” 疑问词+动词不定式（to do）”结构可在句中作主语、宾语和表语，常见的疑问词包括：疑问代词what 、who 、which和疑问副词where、when、why 、how等 How to get there is a question .(作主语) We don’t know when to have a meeting .(作宾语) The problem is how to choose .(作表语) 【例题】1.--- Which dress do you like best , Madam ? --- Sorry , I can’t decide _______ now . A.to buy which one B.buy which one C.which one to buy D.which I should buy it 含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句,若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构 I don’t know how I should do it next.→ I don’t know how to do it next. Have you decided where you will take a vacation ? (改为简单句) Have you decided ______ _____ ______ a vacation ? 10.Pardon me 的用法 要打扰别人时，意为“对不起，劳驾，打扰一下”，相当于Excuse me Pardon me , is this your handbag ? 对不起，这是你的手提包吗? ①没听清对方的话，希望对方重复一遍时，意为“什么，请再说一遍”，读时用升调相当于Pardon me , I couldn’t hear it clearly . 请再说一次，我没能听清楚。 ②对自己的过错、失礼等表示歉意时，意为“对不起” Oh , pardon me , I didn’t mean to interrupt you .哦，对不起，我不是有意要打断你 【例题】1.---- Open the window please ,Mike . ---- ______ ? I didn’t hear what you said . A .What B .Pardon C .Really D .All right 2.Pardon? Tom, I can’t hear you well ________ the phone. A.in B.on C.at D.with 11.当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时 ，该名词通常可以省略 They are at the doctor’s (office) . 他们在诊所。 at the barber’s ( shop) 在理发店 【例题】1.--- Where is Mike ? ---- He might be ______ . A .in Jim B .in Jim’s C .at Jim D .at Jim’s 12.include 及物动词 ，意为“包括，包含”。including用作介词时，意为“包括” The price includes both the house and the furniture（家具） in it. There are seven people in my family , including my grandparents . 【例题】用include/including/included (1)My duty doesn’t ________ driving the car for the boss． (2)Everyone is making the most of the spare time to improve English, ________ the laziest pupil in our class． (3)Everyone is making the most of the spare time to improve English, the laziest pupil in our class ________． 13.such as 与for example such as 意为“例如”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个作为例子;for example 意为“例如”，一般只以同类食物或人中的一个为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末 China has many big cities ,such as Beijing , Shanghai and Shenzhen . Noise , for example , is a kind of pollution . 【例题】 1.Mr. Wang is good at several foreign languages,__,English. A. such B for example C that is D such as 2. He has been to many countries,_____America, Japan and Germany. A. such B for example C that is D such as 14.Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite. 两者都是正确的，但是第一句听起来没有那么礼貌。 （1）correct此处为形容词，意为“正确的，恰当的”，其反义词为incorrect。 He gave a correct answer. 他给出了正确答案。 拓展：correct用作及物动词，意为“改正”。 Can you correct his mistakes? 你能改正他的错误吗？ （2）polite用作形容词，意为“有礼貌的；客气的”，可用作表语或定语。be polite to sb. 意为“对某人有礼貌”。其反义词是impolite, 其副词形式是politely。 He is polite to others. 他对其他人有礼貌。 【例题】 1.In order not to offend people, learning how to speak _______ is the most important. A. polite B. politely C. impolite D. impolitely 2.--- Look! He is shouting at his mother. --- Why is he so __________(polite)? 二、句式精讲 1. Could you please…? Could you please 后接动词原形，意为“请你……好吗？”是表示委婉且礼貌的请求，其否定形式是Could you please not 后接动词原形，意为“请你不要……好吗?”。     Could you please help me clean the room? 请你帮我打扫房间好吗？ 肯定回答：Sure./ Certainly./Of course./No problem./Yes, please.等。 否定回答：Sorry，I can’t. I have to…/ I’d love to, but I have to...否定回答要礼貌地说明理由。 注意： Could you…？句型的回答中，回答中不用could，用can。这里could不表示过去时态，只表示语气委婉。 【拓展】  表示客气礼貌的请求句型： 1）  Would you please do sth? 请你做某事好吗？ 2）  Would you like to do sth? 你愿意做某事吗？ 3）  Would you mind doing sth?你介意做某事吗？ 4）  Shall I/we do sth? 让我/我们做某事好吗？ 5）  Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事呢？ 2. Sorry，I’m not sure. I’m not sure. 意为“我不确定”。sure用作形容词，意为“肯定的，有把握的”，常与be动词连用。 （1）be sure to do sth.意为“务必做某事”，表示要求，多用于祈使句；有时还可表示一种推断“肯定做某事”。例如：     The child is sure to be a teacher. 这孩子一定会成为一名教师。 （2） be sure of / about (doing) sth. 表示人对某事（物）的看法，意为“对……有把握”。其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。例如：     Are you sure of passing the exam? 你有把握通过考试吗？ （3）sure用作副词，意为“当然，的确”。常用来回答一般疑问句，相当于yes或certainly。Make sure 确保...例如：     —Are you going with us? 你和我们一起去吗？     —Sure. 当然啦。 【例题】1.请务必给我回电话,因为我有重要的消息要告诉你。 _______ _______call me back because I got something important to tell you. 2.当你离开房间时,要确保关掉灯。 _______ _________that you turn off the lights when you leave the room. 3.我对这次考试有把握。 I'm_______ _______the test. 3. You don’t need to rush！ need作实义动词，意为“需要”。常用搭配为need sth.或 need to do sth. , 例如：     I need some help. 我需要一些帮助。     You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看医生。     He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭车。 need作情态动词，意为“需要”，后接动词原形。     If she wants anything, she only need ask.  她想要什么东西, 只要开口就行了。     You needn’t finish this work today.你不必今天完成这项工作。 【例题】1.There was plenty of time. She ____________. A. mustn't have hurried　 B. couldn't have hurried　　 C. must not hurry　 D. needn't have hurried   2. ---Must I stay at the office this afternoon? ---No, you______ . A. don’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t 3. Tom________ get up a little earlier tomorrow. A. needs B. need C. need to D. needs to 4. Need the doctor ________ with you tonight? A. staying B. stay C. stays D. to stay 5. Look! Your shirt is so dirty. It ________. A. need washing B. need to wash C. needs washing D. need wash 三、语法精讲 ◆疑问词引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是引导词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且从句要用陈述语序，即：疑问词+主语+其他 / 疑问词+to + V原形 ◆要点联想：1）if意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，当主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。 2）if在这里意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，一般可与 whether 换用。但在介词后面或句末有or not时，只能用 whether 。 一、 单项选择。 1. --- Do you know _______? --- Yes. It usually closes at 9:00 pm. A. when does the shop close B. when the shop closes C. when do the shop close D. when will the shop close 2. I really don’t know what _______ next. A. do B. doing C. done D. to do 3. Tom doesn’t tell me when he _______. I will call you as soon as he _______. A. will come, comes B. will come, will come C. comes, will come D. comes, comes 4.I don’t know ______he can arrive on time or not. A. that B. whether C. if D. however 5. Long long ago people didn't know that the earth _____ around the sun. A. moves B. moved C. was moving D. move 6. － “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. －She asked ______. A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$