Unit1学案2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语九年级上册

Find your fire,shining like the stars找到你的热情，像星星一样闪耀 授课学案 学生姓名 上课时间 月 日 时-- 时 授课标题 9AUnit1 Know yourself 学习目标 1、掌握本单元重点单词、词组及语法； 2、正确并灵活运用重点词组； 重点难点 1、掌握本单元重点短语； 2、正确并灵活运用重点词组； 1． 词汇梳理 1.eat up 吃光 eat-ate-eaten 动副词组，代词放中间 eat them up 2.creative adj.有创造力的 创造vt.create creativity n.创造力 3.curious adj.好奇的 be curious about 对...好奇的 4.energetic adj.精力充沛的 energy n.精力 5.modest adj.谦虚的 6.organized adj.有条理的 组织安排vt.organize n. (an)organization 7.order n.顺序 keep...in order使...保持井然有序 命令、点餐、订购order vt. Order a pizza 8.show off 炫耀 9.come up with 想出（主意） =think of come up with a good idea 10.neither ...nor既不...也不 遵循就近原则 Not only...but also Either...or... 11.impress vt.给...留下印象 impress ...with... n.impression 印象 leave an impression on sb 12.praise n.赞扬 With (high)praise from..赢得来自...的表扬 In praise of...赞扬 13.general adj.普遍的，总的 general manager 总经理 in general 总之 generally speaking 14.either...or...不是...就是... 就近原则 either： （1）adv.也，用于否定句句末 （2）代词（两者中）的任何一个 （3）形容词（两者中）的任何一个+可数名词单数 （4）either of +可数名词复数 15.lead n.领先地位 leader n.领导 v.导致lead to sth lead sb in doing sth take the lead in处于领先地位 16.fall behind fall down 落下，跌落 fall off 从...跌落 fall asleep 睡着 feel sleepy fall in love with 爱上 17.challenge n.挑战 the challenge of... ...的挑战 take on /accept the challenge 接受挑战 challenging adj.挑战性的 18.connect vt.连接 connection n. 现在分词短语作后置定语（表主动） eg: the high speed railway connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjing. connect... to/with .. =be connected to /with与...连接 19.miss n.错误 可数名词 vt.错过，想念 Miss 小姐，女士 20.as good as 和...几乎一样 A miss is as good as a mile 失之毫厘谬以千里 21.attention n. 注意，专心 pay (no/more) attention to (doing) sth 注意做某事 catch /draw/attract one’s attention 吸引某人注意力 22.standard n.标准 work to hig standards 高标准工作 23.carelessness n.粗心 care-careful /careless-carefully /carelessly Can’t be too careful 再怎么细心也不为过 24.devote vt.把...贡献 devote oneslef to (doing) sth 献身，致力于... devote one’s time to (doing) sth 25.respect vt.尊重 respect sb respectful adj.表示敬意的 26.suitable adj.合适的 be suitable for 适合=be fit for 27.impatient adj.不耐烦的 impatience n. patient （反）耐心的 n.病人 be impatient with 28.represent vt.象征，代表 =stand for stand up sb放鸽子 29.appear vi.出现 appearance n. 外貌，出现 （无被动） disappear 反义 30.fixed adj.固定的 Fix vt.修理 in a fixed order 一一个固定的顺序 31.cycle n.循环 The cycle repeats every 12 years每十二年一循环 Every+基数词+名词复数=every +序数词+名词单数 Every three days=every third day 每隔三天 32.practical adj.实际的 Practise doing sth 练习做某事 33.divide v.分开 divide ...into...把...分成... Be divided into 被分成 2． 兴趣导入 3． 知识讲解 Welcom to the unit 1.It says some people are generous.  say vt. 指书面材料或可见的东西提供的信息，如书信、通知、报纸杂志、标志等，强调内容。 例:The notice says "Keep Quiet ". The book doesn't say where he was born. 【辨析】say，speak，talk 与 tell 易混词汇 词性、含义及用法 say◆v.讲,说, 一般用作及物动词，后面可直接跟说话的内容，强调说话的内容 Speak v.讲,说,谈话 1.强调说的动作，不强调所说的内容。 2.作及物动词时，常以某种语言作宾语。 talk◆v.谈论；讨论 1.一般为不及物动词，意为“交谈，谈话”; 2.也可作名词，意为“讲话，谈话；演讲”。 ◆talk with/to sb. about sth. 和某人谈论某事 ◆talk back 回嘴；顶嘴 Tell v.告诉,讲述 指告诉某人某事。◆tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 ◆tell sb. a story 给某人讲故事 ◆tell sb. a joke 给某人讲笑话 ◆tell sb. a lie 对某人撒谎 ◆tell sb. the truth 对某人讲实话 ◆tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事 例题训练：---- Can you see the notice there? ---- Yes, it ________ “No Smoking Here”. A.says B. writes C. reads D. speaks 2.It makes them feel good to share things with others.   ①make sb. do sth.意为“使/让某人做某事”，在被动语态中，to不能省去。在英语中，类似于make这种用法的动词还有let, hear, see, watch, notice等。 make sb. adj. 使某人...... make sb.+ 名词 短语:使某人成为...... make用作及物动词，后接复合宾语，通常由形容词、名词、介词短语和省略to的动词不定式充当宾语补足语。 例：Loud music makes me uncomfortable. Who made the little girl cry?             The news made me very happy. We made him our monitor.  与make相关的常用短语： ②feel （felt，felt）系动词： 感觉，摸起来 feel +adj （类似用法 look,sound/smell/taste等） 例: I feel sorry for him. ③share sth. with sb. 与……分享…… 例: She always shares her toys with others. 例题训练：1. Wearing the soft coat_______ me_______ good to sit in the classroom. A. make; feel B. makes; feel C. makes; to feel D. makes; feeling 3.Hobo, you've eaten up my breakfast! eat up 意为“吃光，吃完”，可单独使用，也可接某物做宾语。名词做宾语时放在up 前后均可，但代词做宾语时，必须放在eat 和up之间。 例：Eat up, and we will go out soon. Eat up all your food. =Eat all your food up. The noodles are delicious. Eat them up. 【拓展】use ---up 用完，用光，run out 用完，耗尽（不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态） 4.Daniel is very clever, but he is modest and never shows off. 用法解析：(1) show off 炫耀；卖弄 作为不及物短语，单独使用。同时也后面也可以接名词、代词和从句，代词放中间。 例: Don't show it off here. (2)show 的用法 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 show sb. around sp. 带领某人参观某地 show sb. the way to…/where …is/ how sb can get to… 告诉某人去……的路 show +that 从句…… 表明…… show up 出现；到来 on show 展览 5.Mr Wu is patient enough to repeat grammar rules for us. be +形容词+ enough + to do sth 足够……来做…… 例:He is strong enough to carry the bag. 注意：enough 修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。enough 可作形容词和副词。作形容词时，意为“足够的”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，可以位于名词前面，也可以位于名词后面；作副词时，意为“足够地”，修饰形容词、副词、动词，并置于其后。 例题训练：My physics teacher is ________ to spend much time ________ things to us. A.patient enough; explain B. enough patient; explaining C. patient enough; explaining D. enough patient; explain 6.He often comes up with new ideas. come up with 意为“想出（主意）=think of---；追上，赶上” come up with是灵感来了,突然想出办法,属于计上心来 think of 是深思熟虑,反复考虑后想出的 例题训练：( )1. It’s creative _______ you _______ this good idea. A. of; to come up with B. for; to come up with C. of; think of D. for; to think of 7. Billy is curious about everything. Curious adj.好奇的 be curious about sth 对……好奇 例题训练：孩子们总是对新的东西感到好奇。Children ________________ the new things. 8.Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant. neither ①neither 用作代词，意为“两者都不” 常用结构：neither of + 代词或名词复数，此结构做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。either 也有相似的用法，表示“任何一个” 例:Neither of the stories was true. ②neither用作形容词，意为”（两者中）没有一个，表示全部否定，后接可数名词单数。 例:Neither story is interesting. ③neither用作并列连词，neither…nor…，既不……也不……，表示两者都否定，在句子中连接同等的句子成分，连接主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语保持一致。(就近原则) 例题训练：广州的冬天既不冷也不热。 Guangzhou is ___________cold __________ hot. 例:Neither you nor I am right. ④neither +动词+主语 表示“……也不”与so +动词+主语“……也……”相对。例：---I don’t like watching Korean soaps. ----Neither do I. 9. It's terrible for me to work without speaking all day long. (1)结构“it is+形容词+ for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是……的 例:It is important for you to study hard. (2)without 介词，意为“没有”，后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。 例:Fish can't live without water. He went to school without eating any breakfast. 例题训练：He can wait for a long time without ____ angry easily. A. getting B. to get C. get D. gets 10.Here’s an interesting article about personality. 本句是一个倒装句，主要起强调作用。正确的语序是“An interesting article about personality is here.”。 ①以here/there等地点副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首时，句子通常用倒装语序。 ☆Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 ☆There was a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。 ▲注意：★ here，there或表示地点的介词短语放在句首时，如果主语是名词，主语和谓语通常倒装。 如果主语是代词，则不必倒装。 ☆Here you are. 给你。 ☆Here it is. 它在这里。 ▲②以here/there开头的倒装句，如果句子的主语是两个并列的名词，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。 ☆Here is a card and some flowers for you. 这是给你的一张卡片和一些花。 ③ here，there或表示地点的介词短语放在句首的倒装句中，谓语动词不能用进行时态。 Reading 1.People who are happy with their jobs. 对他们工作满意的人。 be happy with ----对……感到满意=be pleased with---=be satisfied with---- 2.Wu Wei is a born artist. 吴伟是一个天生的艺术家。 born adj.“天生的”， birth n. 出生 be born ----出生 be born with意为“天生具有……...”，be born to do意为“天生适合做...”， at birth 出生时 3. Wu Wei, the young artist, has impressed the whole country with his creative work. 吴伟，年轻的艺术家，以他的创作打动了全国。 ①impress vt.“给...留下印象”。 impression n. 印象 impress.sb with...意为“给…留下…印象”，常用于被动。 【拓展】 impress on/upon 使铭记，使留下深刻印象 be impressed by/with 被…所感动；被…给予深刻印象 leave a deep impression on... 给...留下深刻印象 What impressed you most during the course of studying?在学习过程中给你印象最深的是什么? He impressed me with his excellent singing skills. 他用高超的歌唱技巧给我留下了印象。 ②whole 形容词，意为“全部的，整体的，所有的”，用在名词前作定语 辨析：whole 与all whole 通常修饰可数名词单数，一般不修饰不可数名词 位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之后 all 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词 位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之前 the whole winter = all the winter 整个冬天 The child ate a whole apple. 那个孩子吃了整整一个苹果。 It rained for three whole days. 雨下了整整三天。 I _______ deeply ________________(impress) by his humorous words. 4. His sculptures for Sunshine Town Square have won high praise from the art community. 他为阳光镇广场设计的雕塑赢得了艺术界的高度赞扬。 ①praise n./v.“赞扬，表扬”，praise sb. for sth.意为“表扬某人某事”， win high praise from...意为“赢得...的高度赞扬”， be praised as -----被誉为…… His novel has won high praise from children. 他的小说赢得了孩子们的高度赞扬。 The art community has highly Wu Wei his sculptures. He ___________________(praise) by his teacher for his wonderful presentation. ②win v.赢得；获胜 →(现在分词)winning →(过去式和过去分词)won win first prize 获得第一名 They are looking forward to winning first prize in the coming competition. 他们期待着在即将到来的比赛中获得一等奖。 【辨析】win与 beat 易混词汇 含义 用法 win 赢得；获胜 所接的宾语一般是表示比赛、战斗、辩论、奖金等的名词或赢得的荣誉 beat 打败，战胜 所接的宾语是参加比赛的人、团体等 5. I want to share the best art with people, so I’m always searching for something better or different. 我想与人分享最好的艺术，所以我总是在寻找更好或不同的东西。 ①so意为“因此，所以”，表示因果关系，可以与because相互转换。 = , I’m always searching for something better or different. be always doing sth. 意为“总是做某事”，always与进行时连用时，常表达说话人的某种情绪，如赞扬、责备、不满等。 He was always asking his parents for money. He is always lying. ②search for = look for 搜寻……;寻找…… search...for... 强调“在……中寻找……” The police searched the woods for the lost child. 警察在小树林里寻找走失的孩子。 The police searched them an and found a gun in his pocket. 警察搜查那人，在他的衣袋里找到了一把枪。 something better or different意为“更好或不同的东西”，形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词后面。 【辨析】 search for，look for，search 和 find 易混词汇 词性及含义 用法 相同点及常考搭配 search for 搜索;查找 表示用极大的时间、精力去寻找人或物 均指具体的动作 look for 寻找 指一般意义上的寻找，是有目的的寻找，强调寻找的动作 search vt.搜索;查找 宾语通常是被搜查的人或场所 ◆search sb. 搜某人的身 ◆search sth. 搜查某物 find vt.找到 强调找到的结果 6. Su Ning gave up her job as an accountant five years ago and started to work for the sales department in a big company.苏宁五年前放弃了会计的工作，开始在一家大公司的销售部工作。 give up意为“放弃”，give up doing sth.相当于stop doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”。 work for意为“为…而工作，受雇于”，work as意为“担任...工作”work on意为“从事，致力于”。 I wouldn’t work for her again. 7. Life is like a race. You either take the lead or fall behind. 生活就像一场赛跑。你要么领先，要么落后。 ①lead作名词，意为“领先地位，榜样”；作动词，意为“指引，引导，带领”。take the lead 意为“处于领先地位，独占鳌头”，take lead in doing sth.意为“在做某事上领先”。 lead to 导致 lose the lead 失去领先地位，落在后面 All roads lead to Rome.条条道路通罗马,殊途同归。 This road leads to my home.这条路通向我家。 ②fall behind意为“落后”，如果用于现在完成时的肯定句，即出现for/since时,句中fall behind要变为be behind。 例：Come on!We are falling behind. fall down 跌落，掉下 fall off ... 从…掉下来 fall back 后退 fall over 向前摔倒 ③.either adv. “也不”，通常用在否定句末。 例: I don’t want the blue one, and I don’t want the red one,either. pron.“ (两者中的）任何一个，后常与of 连用 例:There are two bikes in the room. You can ride either of them. adj. ”（两者中）任一的；后接可数名词单数 例:There are shops on either side of the street. either … or…并列连词，要么……要么，或者……或者，不是……就是，在句子中连接同等的句子成分，连接主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语保持一致。 例:Either you or he is wrong. 8. I’m ready to take on new challenges any time. 我准备好随时接受新的挑战。 be ready to do sth相当于be prepared to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”，get ready for ---为……做好准备=prepare for ---- get sth ready (for---) （为……）准备好某物 take on意为“承担，接受，从事”, Your company must take on a new look now. 你们公司现在肯定呈现出一番新的面貌了。 9. Liu Hao is the chief engineer of the high-speed railway connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin.刘浩是连接阳光城和天津这段高速铁路的总工程师。 connect作及物动词，意为“连接”，connect to/with意为“与...相连，连接。” connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin作 ，修饰 。动词的现在分词（短语）作定语时，表示主动的含义，通常指动作正在进行中。 The two cities are________ (connect) by a railway. 10. A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，差之千里。 ①miss n.错误，过失，可数名词 vt.怀念，想念，错过 miss doing sth 错过做某事 missing adj.丢失的，不见的 go missing 丢失 ②as good as 和……一样好， 如：His English is as good as Yours. 和……几乎一样，简直是 如：Her dress is as good as new . My cousin wears his glasses every day. Without his glasses, he is ______blind. A. as long as B. as well as C. as bad as D. as good as 11. We can’t afford to make any mistakes. 我们不能犯任何错误。 ①afford作动词，意为“买得起，负担得起”,常和can/could/be able to 连用，用于否定句或疑问句，afford (to do) sth.意为“承担得起（做）某事”，can’t afford (to do) sth.意为“承担不起（做）某事”。 As a student, I can’t afford _____ a new mobile phone. A. buy 　 B. buying C. to buy D. bought ②mistake 可数名词[C] n. 错误make mistakes/a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地 mistake sb. for sb. 把某人错当成某人 He mistook Marry for her twin sister and that made them laugh a lot. 他误把玛丽当成了她的孪生妹妹，这使他们大笑不止。 12. All of us know that it’s necessary to pay attention to every detail.我们都知道注意每个细节是必要的。 pay attention to意为“注意”，这里的to是一个介词，和look forward to用法一致，接动词要用动词ing形式。 pay attention to (doing) sth. 注意(做）某事pay no/more/less attention to (doing) sth. 对.…置之不理/多关注/少关注某事 attract/catch one’s attention 吸引/抓住某人的注意力 例:We had paid attention to him. （接代词） They paid attention to watching the scene. （接动词+ing） It在本句中作形式主语 ①It’s adj. (of sb.) to do sth. = to do sth. be adj. (for sb.) ②It’s adj. (for sb.) not to do sth.= not to do sth. be adj. (for sb.)= sb. be adj. not to do sth. ③It’s+adj. that +从句 13. As a doctor, you can’t be too careful. 作为一个医生，再怎么仔细也不为过。 can’t...too...意为“无论怎样…也不算过分，越…越好”。 当我们过马路的时候，我们怎么小心都不为过。 作为一个学生，你怎样努力都不过分。 有时也可用can never，impossible等与too连用来表示类似的意思。 — Does the project need further discussion? — Sure. It’s a very important project. _____. A. Many hands make light work. B. Better late than never. C. We can’t be too careful. D. We can’t take it into our heads. 14. She has devoted most of her time to her work. 她把她的大部分时间用于工作。 devote vt.“把…贡献给；把…专用于”,其宾语常常是time, life 等词，devote... to (doing) sth.意为“把…用于…”，devote oneself to意为“献身于，致力于”。 例:For four years he devoted himself to music. He could only devote two hours to his study every day. The nurse devotes herself to looking after patients. He devoted most of his time_______ the charity. A. into B. to C. on D. for 15.This in itself is great fun,"he said. 这本身就是极大的乐趣，"他说。 fun [U] n.开心，乐趣，好玩的事 funny adj.滑稽的；好笑的，有趣的 ◆have fun = have a good/great /nice/wonderful time =enjoy oneself 玩得开心； ▲have fun(in)doing sth. 开心做某事= It’s fun to do sth. 做某事很开心 ◆make fun of 取笑，拿......开玩笑 ◆for fun 为了消遣，开玩笑地 ◆have fun with… 与……玩得开心 ◆have fun with sb./sth. 和某人/某物玩得开心 Monkeys are clever and funny. 猴子聪明又滑稽。 “玩得开心”的表达： ◆have a good/great /nice/wonderful time = have fun= enjoy oneself 过得愉快；玩得开心 16.Su Ning is now the general manager of the company. 苏宁现在是这个公司的总经理。 general 形容词adj. 总的；普遍的；首席的 ◆general manager 总经理 It is a general review of Picasso's art career. 这是对毕加索艺术生涯的总体回顾。 Who else do you think would be suitable for the general manager?你认为还有谁会适合做总经理? 【拓展】generally adv.通常；普遍地;一般地；大体上 ◆in general = generally speaking 总之；一般而言 ☆The plan was generally welcomed. 该计划普遍受欢迎。 ☆People in general will support us. 总之，人们会支持我们的。 ◆general manager 总经理 ◆general knowledge 常识 ◆in general 总的来说；大体上；通常；一般情况下 17.An active person enjoys taking part in different activities. 一个活跃的人喜欢参加不同的活动。(教材第10页) take part in表示“参加，加入”,指参加某一活动并在其中起作用。 Did you take part in the sports meeting?你参加运动会了吗? 【辨析】join ，join in，take part in与 attend 易混词汇 词性及含义 用法 join vt.加入;参加 表示加入某人、党派、团体、俱乐部或某组织，并成为其中的一员 join in 加入;参加 表示参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动，球赛或游戏， take part in 加入;参加 表示参加群体性的活动，强调参加者持有积极的态度，并起到一定的作用 attend vt.出席;参加 表示出席会议，参加婚礼，或听报告、讲座等 join one’s club 加入某人的俱乐部 join sb. for sth. 加入某人做某事 join the army = be in the army 参军 take part in/join in the school sports meeting 参加学校运动会 take part in activities 参加活动 attend the meeting 参加会议 18.Do you think your personality is suitable for the job?你认为你的性格适合这项工作吗? ①be suitable for 适合 ,后接名词(短语)。 ▲②其中suitable是形容词，意为“合适的；适宜的”。 The film is suitable for all ages.这部电影老少皆宜。 Mum thinks my jumper and jeans are suitable for the trip. 妈妈认为我的套头毛衣和牛仔裤适合这次旅行时穿。 This place is not suitable for students to visit. 这个地方不适合学生参观。 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 The weather is suitable to go hiking. 这天气适合远足。 suitable adj.合适的，适宜的 →suit n.套装 →suit vt.适合 →suitably adv.适当地；适宜地 ◆be suitable for 适合于…… ◆be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 Grammar 1.Billy would not accept others’ advice . Billy would not think twice. ①advice 不可数名词“建议；意见”take/follow one’s advice 接受某人的意见a piece of advice 一条建议 suggestion 可数名词 some advice 一些建议 ask for advice 征求意见 advise vt.建议 advise doing sth 建议做某事 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 Eg:He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 他就如何学英语给了我们一些建议。 My mother advised starting off earlier. 我妈妈建议早点儿出发。 I advised him to stop smoking. 我建议他戒烟。 ②accept vt.接受 强调主观上愿意、乐意承担或者需要，receive强调客观的事实存在，与主观态度无关。Eg:I received his invitation yesterday but I didn’t accept it. ③think twice三思而行eg:You must think twice before you take this step. 你在采取这一措施之前一定要三思。 2.Suzy worries too much. 苏西担心太多。 ①worry vt. “使……担心，烦恼” vi. “担心，着急”worry about -----担心……=be worried about --- worried adj. “担心的，焦虑的，着急的” ②too much“太多”修饰不可数名词，置于名词前，也可以修饰动词，置于动词后； much too adj./v.“太”修饰形容词或副词，置于形容词或副词前； too many “太多”修饰可数名词复数，置于名词前。 There was too much traffic on her way. Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes. 玩太多电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。 =Playing too many computer games is bad for your eyes. You complain too much.The bag isn't that heavy. 3. Neither David’s nor Lisa’s personality is suitable for being an artist. be suitable for---适合……指适合某个职务、职位或者做某事 fit----指大小、长短的适合 match---是指衣服鞋帽之间的搭配合理 语法：并列连词 并列连词的概念： 并列连词连接两个互不依从的词、短语或分句，主要用来表示并列关系、转折关系，选择关系和因果关系等。 ▲①并列连词是连接单词、短语或句子的虚词，不能单独作句子成分。 ▲②按其作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果关系的四大类。 ▲③and 表示并列关系; but表示转折关系; or表示选择关系; so表示因果关系 1、 并列连词and,but,or和so and 和，又 表示并列、顺承关系 We are singing and they are dancing. 表示条件关系 Think it over again and you can solve the problem but 但是 表示转折关系,所连接的成分在意义上往往相反或相对 The car is very old but it runs very fast. or 和 用于否定句代替and He doesn’t like singing or dancing. 或者 表示选择关系 Do you go to school bu bus or on foot? 否则 表示一种否定的条件 Be careful,or you may cut your fingers. so 因此 所以 表示因果关系，常用来连接两个简单句 I t was late,so I went home. 表示“和”的意思时，and通常用于肯定句中；or用于否定句或疑问句中。但在否定句中，如果所连接的两个部分都有否定词，那么用and。 They like English and Chinese, He doesn’t like black or blue. The clock has no eyes and ears. and和or还可以构成句型“祈使句，and/or+陈述句”，表示在以祈使句为条件下的假设或相反的假设，意为“......,就/否则/要不然.....”祈使句表示条件，连词and/or引导的并列句一般用将来时或情态动词can/can’t.,此时可与if引导的肯定条件句替换。 Start off now, and you will see them. =If you start off now, you will see them. Hurry up, or you’ll be late.快点， =If you don’t hurry , you will be late. but 表转折关系，不能和 although/ though 同时使用,但yet, still可与although连用。 while(而、却), yet(可是)等。副词still(仍然)，however(然而)也表示转折关系。 She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time. not----but----“不是……而是…… This book is not Jim’s ,but mine. 这本书不是Jim的，而是我的。 because 和so不能同时出现在一个句子里。Because of ---因为，引导名词或名词性的短语 She was ill, so she didn’t go to school yesterday. =Because she was ill, she didn’t go to school yesterday. =She didn’t go to school yesterday because of her illness. 二、并列连词both...and... ; not only....but also.... ; either .....or.... ; neither...nor... both...and... 表示两者都肯定，既....,又.... ; ....和...两者都 连接名词、代词做主语时，谓语动词用复数。否定结构为neither...nor... not （only）....but also.... 表示两者都肯定，不但...而且.... 做主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循就近原则 either .....or.... 表示两者中选择一个，或者....或者.... ; 要么....要么...: 不是...就是 neither...nor... 表示两者都否定，既不.....也不... 【拓展】 1. so还有“如此，这样”的意思。 so +adj./ adv.+ that-----“如此……以至于……”； ---so that ----“以便，为了…”； so +动词+主语 “……也……”； so +主语+动词 表示同意“是的，确实如此”。 如：He is so creative that he always comes up with new ideas . 他很有创造力，总能想出新的主意。 He got up early this morning so that he could catch the train. 为了赶上火车，他起得很早。 ---He is a modest man . ----So he is . ---他是个谦虚的人。 ----是的。 Jim is active , and so am I . Jim 很活泼，我也是。 2 not only…but (also)…不但……而且…… 表示两者都肯定，意义上相当于both---and---或as well as，在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分，also可以省略。as well as ---做主语时，谓语动词遵循就前原则。 e.g. He is learning not only English but (also) French. → He is learning both English and French. → He is learning English as well as French. Integrated skills&study skills 1.Each of them represents a lunar year. 其中每一种(动物)代表农历的一年。 each pron.每一个，表示两者或两者以上当中的每一个，可以做主语、宾语和同位语，做主语时常接of---短语，谓语动词用单数形式； adj. 每个的；各自，修饰单数可数名词，表示两者或两者以上当中的每一个。 【拓展】 every adj.每一个，指三者或三者以上当中的每一个，必须修饰单数可数名词，做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，后不能接of---结构,； everyone pron.指三者或三者以上当中的每个人，做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，后不能接of---结构； every one 表示三者或三者以上当中的每一个人或事物，可以接of---结构做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。Every / everyone/ everything/ every one 与not连用时，表示部分否定。 Each of us has a cup of tea. 我们每个人都喝了一杯茶。 There are many shops on each side of the street. 街道两旁有许多商店。 Not every student walks to school. 不是每个学生都步行上学。 Every one of them goes to the same factory. 他们每个人都去同一家工厂。 The students each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 2.They appear in a fixed order and the cycle repeats every 12years.它们以固定的顺序出现并且每12年循环一次。 ⑴appear vi. 出现 ,无被动语态，→(反义词)disappear appearance n.出现，外貌 A dog suddenly appeared in the house. 一只狗突然出现在房子里。 A bus disappeared around the corner. 一辆公共汽车消失在拐角处。 ⑵appear(+to be)+形容词/名词 看上去好像……;似乎…… The old man appeared(to be)very tired. 那个老人看起来很累。 fixed adj. 固定的 →fix vt.修理；(使)固定；安装 in a fixed order 以固定的顺序 fixed ideas 固定思维 They have no fixed address,so they feel lonely. 他们居无定所，所以他们感觉很孤独。 He always leaves his house at a fixed time. 他总是在固定的时间离开家。 I must have the recorder fixed. 我得找人把录音机修理一下。 3.lively 【辨析】lively，alive，living与live living adj. 活着的，强调健康的存在（常作定语修饰名词，也可作表语构成系表结构） alive adj.活着的，强调没有死（只能作表语构成系表结构或宾语补足语，不能作定语修饰名词） lively adj.：生动的、活泼的，充满生机的（形容课堂、城市等） live adj/adv.直播的/地 She is an intelligent and lively young woman. 她是一位既聪明又充满活力的年轻女士。 The child is bright and lively. 这个孩子聪明又活泼。 Is the fish still alive? 那条鱼还活着吗? All the living things need water. 所有的生物都需要水。 4.12 in all,each representing a lunar year总共12个，每个代表一个农历年 in all = in total 总共；总计 There are six people in all in my family. 我家共有6口人。 【拓展】有关all的常用短语： above all 最重要的是 first of all 首先 after all 毕竟，终归；终究 all in all 总而言之 not at all 一点儿也不；不用谢 ( not... )at all 一点也(不)；完全(不) all over 到处,处处 5.Some people believe that people born under the same(1) may have similar personalities. 一些人相信出生在同一(1) 的人可能会有相似的个性。 similar 形容词adj. 相似的；相仿的 The two products look quite similar. 这两件产品看上去很相似。 be similar to 与....相似 be similar in 在....(方面)相似 Her ideas are quite similar to mine. 她的想法和我的很相似。 The two cars are very similar in design. 这两辆汽车在设计方面非常相似。 【拓展】 ◆the same as 和......一样 ◆be different from 与......不同 6.For example,they think that people born in the Year of the Rabbit are ，while people born in the Year of the Dragon are very ....例如，他们认为兔年出生的人…，而出生在龙年的人… for example 例如 ,用来举例说明，可置于句首、句中或句末。 ☆There are many kinds of pollution.For example,noise is a kind of pollution. 有许多种污染。例如，噪声就是一种污染。 【辨析】 易混词组 含义及用法 位置 for example ▲①一般用于列举同一类人或事物中的一个例子。 ▲②所举的例子可以的单词、短语或句子。 位置灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末，与被列举的事物之间用逗号隔开 such as ▲①一般用于列举同一类人或事物中的几个例子，但必须少于前面所提及的总数。 ▲②所举的例子只能是单词或短语=like 只能位于所列举的名词或动名词之前，中间无标点符号 Many books about English learning,for example School English,are popular among students.许多关于英语学习的书籍，例如《学校英语》,在学生中很受欢迎。 English is spoken in many countries,such as Australia and Canada. 许多国家都讲英语，例如澳大利亚和加拿大。 7. In Western counties,a year is divided into a cycle of 12star signs.在西方国家，一年被分成12个星。 divide vi.&vt.分开；分 →divided adj.分裂的；分开的 divide..into... 把……分成…… …be divided into... ……被分成…… My mother divided a big cake into five pieces. 我妈妈把一块大蛋糕分成了五份。 【辨析】divide 和 separate 易混词汇 含义及用法区别 常用搭配 separate 把原来连在一起或接近的不同部分分隔开来 separate...from... divide 把某个整体分割成若干部分 divide...into... 8.Your star sign depends on your date of birth.你的星座取决于你的出生日期。 depend为不及物动词，depend on/upon 取决于……；由……决定 —Are you going to have a picnic next Saturday? 你们下周六打算去野餐吗? —It depends on the weather. 那要看天气如何。 【拓展】It/ That depends ! 看情况！/ 视情况而定！ 9.If you are interested in either animal signs or star signs...你如果对生肖或星座感兴趣…… become/be interested in “对……感兴趣”,相当于take/ have/ show an interest in---后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 The boy is interested in science. 这个男孩对科学感兴趣。 My elder brother is interested in playing soccer 我哥哥对踢足球感兴趣。 interested adj.感兴趣的(人作主语) →interesting adj.有趣的(物作主语) →interest n.兴趣 →interest v. 使感兴趣 【拓展】 以-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，表示事物的特征；以-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人，表示人的心理感受。 常见 Ving 和 Ved 形容词及其相关短语： Ving(物) Ved(人) 相关短语及用法 amazing amazed ◆be amazed at 对.....感到惊奇 boring bored ◆be bored with 对.....厌烦 annoying annoyed ◆be annoyed with 对.....感到厌烦 exciting excited ◆be excited about 对......感到兴奋 interesting interested ◆be interested in 对.....感兴趣 relaxing relaxed ◆make sb. relaxed 使某人放松 surprising surprised ◆be surprised at 对.....感到惊讶 worrying worried ◆be worried about 为....感到担心 tiring tired ◆It’s tiring to do sth. 做某事很累 satisfying satisfied ◆be satisfied with… = be pleased with… 对……感到满意 frightening frightened 10.It is you who shape your life and your future.是你塑造你的生活和你的未来。 ⑴这是一个强调句型，结构为：“It is/was+被强调部分+who/that +原句其他部分." 被强调对象是人时，用who或that，其他情况均用that。除了谓语和定语外，句中的其他任何成分都可以被强调。 It is tomorrow that they are leaving for Beijing. 他们是在明天动身去北京。 ☆当强调句子的主语时，who或that后谓语动词要与它前面被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 It is I who/that am interested in the film. 是我对这部电影感兴趣。 It is Daniel who/that has been to the USA. 是丹尼尔去过美国。 ⑵ shape vt.使成形；塑造 This tool is used for shaping wood. 这个工具是用来使木料成形的。 The children shaped the wet sand. 孩子们把湿沙子堆成形。 shape还可用作可数或不可数名词，意为“形状；外形”。 shape n.形状；外形；in shape 在外形上 in different shapes 以不同的形状 All circles have the same shape. 圆的形状都一样。 The lady told us how the great experiences________her colourful life. A.connected B.respected C.shaped D.supported 11.It is said that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave.据说虎年出生的人很勇敢。 It is said that.是固定句式，意为“据说……”。其中It是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。 It is said that...= People say that... 人们说/据说…… It is said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the great white shark. 据说最危险的鲨鱼之一就是大白鲨。 【拓展】“It+be+过去分词+that从句”结构的其它常见句型： It is believed that... 人们相信……;人们认为…… It is supposed that...人们猜测…… It is reported that...据报道…… It's(well)known that… 众所周知…… It's thought that… 人们认为…… It is hoped that.… 有望…… 12.What it says about me may be true, but for my cousin Julie that's not the case.关于我的内容可能是对的,但是对我的堂妹朱莉而言,不是那么回事。 ⑴but连接的并列句。What it says about me是what 引导的主语从句，what在从句中作动词says的宾语。 ⑵ (That’s ) not the case (事实)并非如此。表示不同意对方的观点和意见。 Someone says he has gone to Beijing, but that's not the case. 有人说他去北京了,但事实并非如此。 Task 1.He is not afraid of making a speech in front of people. ⑴ be afraid of sth/sb 害怕；担忧 如：Are you afraid of dogs? be afraid of doing sth = be afraid to do sth害怕做某事 be afraid +that从句 恐怕…… I’m afraid so. I’m afraid not 表示事与愿违。当希望某事发生，但将来实际上未必会发生时用I’m afraid not 当希望某事不发生，但将来实际上很可能会发生的时候用I’m afraid so. 如：--Will it rain tomorrow? ---I’m afraid so. The rainy season has arrived. It seems our picnic has to be canceled. --Do you know if Millie will come to our party tomorrow ? --I’m afraid not . She has just told me that she will visit her grandparents with her parents. ⑵ speech n“演说，讲话，发言” speak v. make a speech 做演讲 ---- Let’s watch the popular TV program “Running man”, shall we? ----_________. It has been over for some time. A. Sounds great B. Yes, we shall C. I’m afraid not D. All right His_______（演讲）is very wonderful. We all like him. 2.He will help us with our lessons if we are absent from school. absent adj.“缺席的” be absent from---缺席…… 表示“不在……(地方)”， be absent in 表示“在某地，而不在说话人的地方”。 如：Mary was absent from the meeting today. My father is absent in Beijing. Everyone is here. No one is_______（缺席的）. 3.We are writing to recommend David as our new monitor. recommend v. 推荐 recommendation n. recommend sb. as +职务 推荐某人为…… a recommendation letter 推荐信 recommend sb. for + 奖项、荣誉 推荐某人获…奖 recommend sb.sth = recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物 recommend sb to do sth 劝告/建议某人做某事 如：I recommend him as your assistant. Mr. Zhang recommended the book to his students. We recommended him to speak at the meeting. Thanks for _____the new chairperson. A. recommend me as B. recommending me as C. recommend me for D. recommending me for 4.We hope that you agree with us. agree v.“同意”， 反义词disagree agreement n.同意，协议 (1)agree with sb “同意某人的意见”。 如：All of us agreed with the professor. (2)agree to do 同意做某事。 如：I don’t agree to make the experiment. (3)agree on sth 就...取得一致。 如：Finally, we agreed on the price with the seller. ⑷ can’t agree more 表示“完全同意” They always_______ each other and never argue. A. agree about B. agree with C. agree D. agree on 4． 思维导图 5． 效果检测 一、单项选择 ( )1. My parents want me to get further study to be an engineer a scientist, I would like to be a famous surgeon. A. neither; nor; and B. either; or; but C. not only; but; so D. both; and; or ( )2. I have only two tickets of Kong Fu. you he can go with me. A. Either; or B. Either; nor C. Both; and D. neither; nor ( )3. Not only his parents but also his brother to the Great Wall. They haven't been back. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone ( )4. My grandma’s hobby is cooking watching TV. It's square dancing. A. not only; but also B. neither; nor C. both; and D. either; or ( )5. ——Have you watched the latest TV programme Running Man? —Of course! It's popular with the young the old. A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not; but ( )6.I've decided to give up my job, Mum.———Are you serious? A. Sounds great! B. What a pity! C. Guess what? D. You'd better think twice. ( )7. --Why do you want to recommend Li Ming the new monitor? --Because he has many good qualities this position. A.in;as B.as:for C.in;for D.as;in ( )8. --Is everyone here today? --No.Two students are because they have a cold. A.angry B.absent C.active D.modest ( )9. ---I think we can wear green when we feel tired or weak. --- Green is the colour of nature and it can make us feel energetic. A.You must be joking B.I agree with you C.Sorry,I have no idea D.I'm afraid you are wrong ( )10. — Will you buy this tie for Dad? — I have no idea. I don’t know_________ or not the colour matches his new shirt. A. if B. that C. why D. whether ( )11. Rather than to school by bus，I preferred a bike there. A. to go; to ride B. go; riding C. going; to ride D. go; to ride ( )12. 一She sold her treasures to cure her mother's illness, even though it was her own wishes. 一It's so kind her. A. against; of B. above; of C. on; for D. for; for ( )13, of the students has solved the problem，so hardly has come out of the classroom. A. None; anybody B. None; nobody C. No one; anybody D. No one; nobody ( )14. 一Betty, do you know if Tony the photo competition next month? 一He will，if he his project in Australia. A. enters; finishes B. enters; will finish C. will enter; will finish D. will enter; finishes ( )15. Good hobbies can help us_________and make our lives_________ A．relaxing，colourful B．relaxing，colour C．relax，colour D．relax，colourful ( )16. When I am playing basketball，there are always lots of girls_________ A．watch me B．watch l C．watching me D．watching I 二、完形填空 The best body language in the world may be the smile. A smile can open doors and tear down walls among ___1___. I organized and reorganized an appointment (约会) with the dentist for months. I also ___2___ it twice and called the day before to make sure all the paperwork would be ready for the X-rays. Then I arrived. It wasn’t ___3___ at all. The lady with a confused look there even wasn’t ___4___ what I was talking about. I instantly felt my blood boil. I was getting so ___5___. I didn’t shout at her but the ___6___ I was talking to her was not nice. I spoke to her as if she were a child. It was not a good moment. But the whole time she smiled and was ___7___ to me. Only when everything was finally ___8___ did I calm myself down. I sat down in the waiting area and ___9___ it all. How could I make it better? How could I make up for my impolite behavior a moment ago? I couldn’t. I could ___10___ her a chocolate bar I had on me, but this needed more than that. It needed an honest apology. And that was ___11___ exactly I gave. I said sorry for my rudeness and told her I didn’t mean it. She ___12___, again with a smile. I was given a chance to know and learn from the woman. She ___13___ and forgave so easily, brightening patients’ life. ___14___ the girl, I don’t get it right every time. I can be rude and when I am, I almost ___15___ myself for it. I am not a person like her, yet I have confidence in myself. I continue to grow and learn to be like her, because it’s true that smiles can take away my anger and open a door to understanding. 1. A. friends B. patients C. strangers D. relatives 2. A. confirmed B. operated C. discussed D. admired 3. A. crowded B. open C. ready D. busy 4. A. aware of B. afraid of C. sorry for D. fit for 5. A. curious B. sad C. humorous D. mad 6. A. habit B. way C. word D. sound 7. A. generous B. rude C. friendly D. peaceful 8. A. produced B. completed C. made D. added 9. A. thought about B. worked at C. handed in D. went over 10. A. pay B. push C. buy D. offer 11. A. how B. why C. what D. when 12. A. refused B. agreed C. complained D. accepted 13. A. hoped B. smiled C. doubted D. believed 14. A. Compared with B. Satisfied with C. Crazy about D. Worried about 15. A. teach B. force C. see D. hate 三、词汇 1.Something like your ________________(经历)and the people around you can change your personality. 2. He was ill. so he was ___________(缺席) from school yesterday. 3. Who would you like to choose as your ______________(班长)? 4. He is very_____________(自信的) He thinks he can do anything if he does his best. 5. I would like to _______________(推荐) Sandy as our new chairperson. 6 Thank you for _________________(推荐) me as the new monitor. 7. The ________________(职位) is suitable for David. 8. Personality _____________(包括) your thoughts, feelings and behaviors which make you different from other people. 9.The environment, ______________(包括)your education, your experiences and the people around you , can change your personality. 10.Su Ning is ready to take on new (挑战)any time. 11.---Which would you like, tea or juice? ---________________ (两者都不), just milk. 12. Several important _________________ (演讲)will be given in our school hall next month. 13. 13.In fact, it is you who_______________ (塑造)your life and your future. 14.Dinosaurs first __________________ (出现) about 230 million years ago. 15.We hope that you can (同意) with us. 16.The young man isn't (合适的) for this job. 17. What difficulty he had ______________ (finish)so much work in such a short time. 18. I find it easy_______________ (see) a rainbow in the sky after the heavy rain in summer.. 19. I’ll try my best ( help )Mr Green. 20.____________(take) a bus is much faster than walking, 21. When you feel tired or weak, you should wear __ (energy) colours like green. 22 Girls seem ___________(learn) English better than boys. 23 This pair of glasses ____________(make) Harry look really cool. 24 Who knows how _____________ (drive) a car well? 25 Mike spent less time ______________ (write) English than his sister. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$