Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.（知识清单）英语人教版九年级全一册

Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to. Unit9 话题 音乐和电影 词汇 1.prefer v.更喜欢 2.Australian adj.澳大利亚(人)的 n.澳大利亚人→Australia n.澳大利亚 3.electronic adj.电子的;电子设备的 →electricity n.电;电能 4.suppose v.推断;料想→supposed (过去式) 5.smooth adj.悦耳的;平滑的 →smoothly adv.流畅地;顺利地;平稳地 6.spare adj.空闲的;不用的 v.抽出;留出 7.director n.导演;部门负责人 →direct v.指导;导演;领路 adj.直接的 8.case n.情况;实情 9.war n.战争;战争状态 10.stick v.粘贴;将……刺入→stuck (过去式)→stuck (过去分词) 11.down adj.悲哀;沮丧→sad/disappointed (同义词) 12.dialog=dialogue n.对话;对白 13.ending n.(故事、电影等的)结尾;结局 →beginning (反义词)n.开端;开始;起点 14.plenty pron.大量;众多 15.shut v.关闭;关上→shut (过去式)→shut (过去分词)→close (同义词) 16.intelligent adj.有才智的;聪明的→unintelligent (反义词)→wise∕clever∕bright∕smart∕knowledgeable adj.(同义词)→intelligence n.才智;智力 17.sense v.感觉到;意识到 n.感觉;意识 18.sadness n.悲伤;悲痛 →sad adj.(令人)悲哀的;(令人)难过的→sadly adv.悲哀地;不幸地;令人遗憾地 19.pain n.痛苦;疼痛;苦恼 →painful adj.令人痛苦的;令人疼痛的 20.reflect v.反映;映出 →reflection n.反映;映像;反射 21.moving adj.动人的;令人感动的 →moved adj.受感动的 →move v.移动;搬家;使感动 22.perform v.表演;执行 →performance n.表演;表现 23.lifetime n.一生;有生之年 24.pity n.遗憾;怜悯 v.同情;怜悯 25.total n.总数;合计 adj.总的;全体的→totally adv.完全;全部地;整个地 26.master n.大师;能手;主人 v.掌握 27.praise n.& v.表扬;赞扬 28.recall v.回忆起;回想起 29.wound n.伤;伤口;创伤 v.使(身体)受伤;伤害 短语 1.dance to 伴……而舞 2.sing along with 随……而唱 3.different kinds of... 不同种类的…… 4.listen to... 听…… 5.have spare time 有空 6.want to do... 想做…… 7.think too much 想太多 8.in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话 9.feel like (doing) sth. 想要(做)……  10.stick to sth. 坚持……;固守…… 11.depend on 取决于;决定于 12.cheer sb.up 使某人变得更高兴;振奋起来 13.try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 14.a good way to do... 一个做……的好办法 15.plenty of 大量的;充足的 16.shut off 关闭;停止运转 17.enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事 18.in time 及时 19.once in a while 偶尔地;间或 20.prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事 21.sense a strong sadness and pain 感受到强烈的悲伤和痛苦 22.look up the history of 查找……的历史 23.be written by sb. 由某人写作 24.be born in sp. 出生于某地 25.teach sb.to do sth. 教某人做某事 26.be known for 因……而出名 27.continue to do sth. 继续做某事 28.get married(to sb.) (与某人)结婚 29.during one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中 30.by the end of one’s life 到某人临终前 31.in total 总共;合计 32.one of China’s national treasures 中国的国宝之一 33.for this reason 由于这个原因 句型 1. I like music that I can dance to.我喜欢我可以跳舞的音乐。 2. I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。 3. I love music that I can sing along with. 我喜欢能随之唱歌的音乐。 4. What kind of music do you like?你喜欢什么样的音乐？ 5.I suppose Ill just listen to this new CD I bought.我想我会听听这张新买的CD。 6.What do you feel like watching today?今天你想看什么? 7.While some people stick to only one kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day.一些人只喜欢看同一类型的电影，而我却喜欢看不同类型的电影，但这要取决于我那天的感受。 8. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up.当我心情不好或者是疲惫时，我更偏爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。 9. Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting. 像《帝企鹅日记》这样提供大量有关某个主题的信息的纪录片，可能是很有趣的…….. 10.Once in a while, I like to watch movies that are scary.偶尔,我喜欢看恐怖片。 11. They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone.他们可能很有趣，但我不敢一个人看。 12.The piece had a simple name , Erquan Yingyue ,but it was one of the most moving pieces of music that I’ve ever heard.这首曲子的名字很简单，叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的音乐之一。 13. Abing’s father taught him to play many musical instruments, such as the drums, dizi and erhu…….阿炳的父亲教他弹奏很多种乐器，比如敲鼓、吹笛子、拉二胡…….. 14. Even after Abing got married and had a home again, he continued to sing and play on the streets. 甚至阿炳结婚后再次拥有一个家之后，他仍然在街上唱歌表演。 15. It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear 遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世 16. Today, Abing’s Erquan Yinyue is a piece which all the great erhu masters play and praise. 如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首所有伟大的二胡家演奏并称赞的曲子。 17. ….but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 而且也使人们能从他们自身的悲伤和痛苦的经历中回想起这些深深的创伤。 语法 定语从句； 写作 音乐和电影 考点1.prefer的用法 【教材原句】 I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。 【句型剖析】prefer即可做及物动词，也可做不及物动词， 意为“更喜欢，宁愿”。其用法如下： ①. prefer sth. to sth./ prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 与做某事相比更喜欢做某事。 I prefer green tea to coffee. 绿茶和咖啡比较起来我更喜欢咖啡 Tom prefers reading to talking. 汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢交谈。 ②. prefer doing sth. 更愿意做某事。 I prefer going there on foot.我宁愿步行去那儿。 ③. prefer (sb) to do sth. 更愿意（让某人）做某事。 I prefer to say at home tonight. 今晚我更喜欢待在家里。 ④. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。 I prefer to write rather than read. 我宁愿写而不愿意读。 注意：prefer 的过去式和过去分词都是preferred, 现在分词是preferring. 【经典练】 1．Holly prefers ________ the piano rather than ________ the violin. A．to play; playing B．to play; play C．play; to play 2．—I seldom keep ________ on my computer for more than an hour. —But you seem to prefer ________ games on your iPad for hours. A．working; playing B．working; play C．to work; playing 【写作佳句】 However, other students prefer to travel alone. 考点 2.along with的用法 【教材原句】I love music that I can sing along with. 我喜欢能随之唱歌的音乐。 【句型剖析】along with意为“伴随着；同…….一道”，相当于together with. The girls are dancing along with music. 女孩们正在随着音乐跳舞。 提示：当主语后有along with/together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致。 His brother along with his friends has gone to another city. 他哥哥和他的朋友们去了另外一个城市。 【经典练】 1．I like music that I can sing ________. A．along and B．along with C．with D．along 2．—What kind of music do you enjoy, Gina? —I am fond of music that I can sing along ________ and dance ________. A．about; as B．for; with C．with; to 考点3. what kind of的用法 【教材原句】What kind of music do you like?你喜欢什么样的音乐？ 【句型剖析】what kind of意为“什么种类”，后面一般接单数名词或不可数名词。 What kind of music do you like? 你喜欢哪种音乐？ 【拓展】 ①a kind of 意为“一种”，修饰名词。 Water is a kind of matter. 水是一种物质。 ②different kinds of 意为“不同种类的”，修饰名词。 There are different kinds of animals in the zoo. 动物园中有不同种类的动物。 ③all kinds of 意为“各种各样”，修饰名词。 All kinds of new cars are on show. 各种各样的新车正在展览。 ④kind of 意为“有点，有几分”，修饰动词、形容词及副词。 She looks kind of pale after her illness. 她病后面色有点苍白。 【经典练】 1．—________ —It’s an apartment building. A．What’s your home? B．Where’s your house? C．What kind of home do you live in? 2．—Could you tell me ________? —The kind that I can sing along with. A．what kind of music do you like B．what kind of music you like C．what kind of movies you like 考点4.suppose的用法 【教材原句】I suppose Ill just listen to this new CD I bought.我想我会听听这张新买的CD。 【句型剖析】suppose是动词,意为“推断;料想”,常用来表示说话人的看法、猜测或假设。其主要用法如下: ①“suppose (that)+从句”意为“猜测;认为” The teacher supposes (that) his students can't finish this work. 老师猜想他的学生不能完成这项工作。 【注意】当主句的主语是第一人称时,应将否定转移到主句中去。如: I don't suppose (that) he is right.我想他是不对的。 ② be supposed to意为“应该;被期望”,相当于should。 The students aren't supposed to take the books out of the library. 学生不应该把这些书拿出图书馆。 The train was supposed to arrive ten minutes ago. 火车应该在十分钟之前到达。 ③“suppose+名词/代词+to be”意为“猜想某人 She supposed her sister to be in the park.她猜想她妹妹在公园。 【经典练】 1．We ________ know about their table manners before we visit foreign friends. A．are used to B．get used to C．are supposed to D．pay attention to 2．Mr Smith was ________ to be a doctor but he became a teacher when he grew up. A．thought B．supposed C．suggested D．reminded 【写作佳句】 Finally, you’re not supposed to reach across the table to pick foods. 考点5.feel like 的用法 【教材原句】What do you feel like watching today?今天你想看什么? 【句型剖析】feel like doing sth.意为“想要做某事”,相当于want / would like to do sth.; feel like sth.意为“想要某物”,相当于want/ would like sth.。 She feels like going for a walk along the river. = She wants / would like to go for a walk along the river.她想沿河散步。 Do you feel like some tea? = Do you want / Would you like some tea?你要来点儿茶吗? 【拓展】feel like意为“给......的感觉;感受到”,后常接名词(短语)或 从句。 They made me feel like a member of the family. 他们让我觉得我是他们的家人。 He feels like (that) he has never been to such a place. 他感觉好像从未到过这样一个地方。 【经典练】 1．Lucy has a stomachache. She doesn’t feel like ________ anything. A．eat B．to eat C．eating 2．Alice doesn’t feel like ________ anything now, because she has a bad cold and feels bad. A．eat B．to eat C．eating 考点6.while和 stick to 的用法 【教材原句】 While some people stick to only one kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day.一些人只喜欢看同一类型的电影，而我却喜欢看不同类型的电影，但这要取决于我那天的感受。 【句型剖析】1. while此处做并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表对比。 Linda likes singing while Gina likes dancing. 2. stick to 意为“坚持；固守”，其后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。stick to doing sth. 意为“坚持做某事” I shall stick to my decision. 我将坚持我的决定。 【拓展】 ①while用作并列连词时,意为“而;然而”,表示前后意义上的对比或转折。 There's plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northwest.东南部雨量充足,而西北部很少下雨。 ② while作从属连词,也引导时间状语从句,意为“当...的时候”,常表示一段长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。由while引导的从句中的动词一般是延续性动词。 While we were in Paris, we saw him twice 当我们在巴黎的时候,我们看到他两次。 【经典练】 1．Mary ________ while Peter ________ the piano. A．was dancing; was playing B．danced; played C．was dancing; played D．danced; was playing 2．I was doing my homework while my mother ________ the floor. A．sweeps B．will sweep C．is sweeping D．was sweeping 3．________ your dream and you will succeed with your hard work. A．Stick to B．Lay out C．Pass by D．Take off 4．No matter what you say, I will ________ my opinions. I won’t let anyone change my mind. A．put up B．throw away C．stick to D．deal with 【写作佳句】 As long as you stick to these points, you will certainly improve your English. 考点7.down和cheer up的用法 【教材原句】When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up.当我心情不好或者是疲惫时，我更偏爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。 【句型剖析】1. down此处用作形容词，意为“悲哀；沮丧”， 相当于upset. The boy didn’t pass the exam, he felt down.这个男孩没有通过考试，感到很沮丧。 2. cheer up 意为“使高兴起来，使振奋起来”。 All the people cheered up at the good news. 听到这个好消息，所有人都欢呼起来。 【拓展】： 1. down用作副词，意为“向下，在下面” sit down 2. down用作介词，意为“沿着”。 Walk down the street. 沿着街走。 【经典练】 1．Jack, did you play basketball yesterday morning? —No, I didn’t go out until the wind ________ in the afternoon. A．fell down B．ran out C．died down D．hung out 2．—Bill felt sad because he failed his exam yesterday. —I’m sorry to hear that. Let’s go and _________him_________. A．cheer; on B．build; up C．cheer; up 【写作佳句】 When I was in trouble，you used to encourage me and cheer me up． 考点8. provide和plenty of 的用法 【教材原句】Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting. 像《帝企鹅日记》这样提供大量有关某个主题的信息的纪录片，可能是很有趣的…….. 【句型剖析】1.provide动词，意为“提供；供给”，常用于provide sth. for sb.,与 provide sb. with sth. 同义。 The school provided food for the students. = The school provided the students with food 2. plenty of 意为“大量；充足”。 既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。 拓展：offer 及物动词，意为“提供；给与”。常用结构为offer sb. sth., 相当于offer sth. to sb. 【经典练】 1．The government provided the poor children in this village ________ free books. A．to B．for C．with 2．It’s important ________ the government ________ basic education for children in poor areas. A．of; to provide B．of; provide C．for; to provide D．for; to providing 3．We have got _________ vegetables but _________ meat. A．too many; few B．plenty of; a little C．a lot of; a few D．too much; little 4．The film starts at seven and it is only five. We have ________ time to get there. A．a large amount B．a lot C．plenty of D．little 【写作佳句】 It will provide us with a meaningful week staying with the students in the mountains. 考点9.once in a while的用法 【教材原句】Once in a while, I like to watch movies that are scary.偶尔,我喜欢看恐怖片。 【句型剖析】once in a while意为“偶尔地;间或”,相当于sometimes, at times,from time to time或 now and then,在句中作状语，一般位于句首或句末。 Since then we've never seen each other, but once in a while we write letters. 从那以后我们再也没有见过面,但偶尔会写信。 【拓展】 含once的短语常用的还有: once upon a time 从前 at once立刻;马上 once more再来一次 once again再次;又一次 【经典练】 1．As she is often busy with her work. She only has dinner with her family ______. A．all the time B．once in a while C．another time D．next time 2． So far, it hasn’t snowed in Zhenzhou this winter. However, it often snows in the northeast, ___________ it snows heavily. A．for a while B．after a while C．once in a while D．all the while 考点10. too…to…的用法 【教材原句】They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone.他们可能很有趣，但我不敢一个人看。 【句型剖析】 too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如： The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。 【拓展】 （1）含too…to…的句子可以改写成“so…that…”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：He is too old to do hard work. = He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。 （2）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not … enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如： He is too old to do hard work. = He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能干重活。 【经典练】 1．—Believe it or not! My grandpa is learning to play the piano. —Oh! ______. A．It never rains but it pours B．When in Rome, do as the Romans do C．One is never too old to learn D．Every dog has its day 考点11. one of的用法 【教材原句】The piece had a simple name , Erquan Yingyue ,but it was one of the most moving pieces of music that I’ve ever heard.这首曲子的名字很简单，叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的音乐之一。 【句型剖析】 one of后接形容词最高级及名词复数，意为“最……之一”。 Chang jiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 【拓展】 ①one of the +复数名词+定语从句中，定语从句中的谓语动词跟定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词保持一致，通常用复数。 This is one of the books that are required for study at school. 这是学校里要求学生学习的书籍之一。 ②如果one of the +复数名词的前面有the only之类的限定语，后面定语从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式。 He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school. 他是我校教师中唯一懂得法语的人。 【经典练】 1．One of the kids at the picnic ________ cooking. A．is good at B．are good at C．is good for D．are good for 【写作佳句】 Chinese was one of the subjects when I was in a primary school. 考点12.teach的用法 【教材原句】Abing’s father taught him to play many musical instruments, such as the drums, dizi and erhu…….阿炳的父亲教他弹奏很多种乐器，比如敲鼓、吹笛子、拉二胡…….. 【句型剖析】teach sb. to do sth. 意为“教某人做某事”。 The girl taught me to sing the song. 那个女孩教我唱这首歌。 拓展：teach后面可接双宾语结构，teach sb. sth. teach oneself 意为“自学”，相当于learn by oneself. 【经典练】 1．These are the most difficult lessons. It is hard for students to teach ________. A．them B．themselves C．us D．ourselves 2．—Could you please ________ him to play soccer? —Sorry, I’m ________ for a test. A．teach; study B．to teach; studying C．teach; studying D．to teach; study 【写作佳句】 The book teaches us to be brave when we are in trouble. 考点13.get married的用法 【教材原句】Even after Abing got married and had a home again, he continued to sing and play on the streets. 甚至阿炳结婚后再次拥有一个家之后，他仍然在街上唱歌表演。 【句型剖析】get married 意为“结婚”。表示动作，后面不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 My best friend got married last weekend. 我最好的朋友上个周末结婚了。 拓展：在表示“和某人结婚”的状态时，常用be married to sb. 可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 【经典练】 1．—How long ________ they ________? —Sorry, I don’t know. But I know that Peter is going to ________ a nurse next week. A．did, marry; marry to B．did, get married; marry with C．have, got married; marry D．have, been married; marry 2．—When did your parents ________ ? . —They ________ for twenty years. A．marry; have got married B．get married; have got married C．marry; have been married D．get married; have been married 考点14.It is a pity that和in total的用法 【教材原句】 It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear 遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世 【句型剖析】1. It is a pity that…….. 是一个常用的句型，意为“很遗憾…….. It is a pity that you missed such an interesting movie. 很遗憾你错过了一场如此有趣的电影。 2. in total 意为“总共，合计”， 其中total用作名词，意为“总数；合计”。 The classroom has three windows in total. 这个教室总共有三个窗户。 拓展：total还可以用作形容词，意为“总计的，总共的”。 What is the total population of China? 中国的总人口是多少？ 【经典练】 1．—Have you got _________ Bing Dwendwen, Lisa? —Not yet. It is _________ pity that I can’t find one in any toy shop. A．a; / B．the; / C．a; a D．the; a 2．It is a ____________ that I have never been to Beijing. A．pity B．custom C．pain 3．I have more than 100 English books ________ total. A．at B．on C．in D．before 4．—How many Chinese players ________ took part in the Beijing Winter Olympics? —One hundred and seventy-six. And the youngest player is only 16 years old. A．in return B．in total C．in danger D．in trouble 考点15.praise 的用法 【教材原句】Today, Abing’s Erquan Yinyue is a piece which all the great erhu masters play and praise. 如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首所有伟大的二胡家演奏并称赞的曲子。 【句型剖析】praise 用作及物动词，意为“表扬；赞扬”，常用结构为praise sb./sth for (doing) sth., 意为“因为（做）某事而赞扬某人”。 Jane was praised by the teacher. 简受到了老师的表扬。 The mayor praised the rescue teams for their courage. 市长称赞了救援队的英勇。 拓展：praise 还可用作名词，意为“赞扬，赞美”。 Give plenty of praise and encouragement. 要多多表扬和鼓励。 【经典练】 1．Zhang Guimei is the famous teacher who has won high ________ from the whole country. A．practice B．present C．prize D．praise 【写作佳句】 After knowing it, the teacher praised Li Hua and encouraged others to learn from him. 考点16.experience 的用法 【教材原句】but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 而且也使人们能从他们自身的悲伤和痛苦的经历中回想起这些深深的创伤。 【句型剖析】experience在此为可数名词，意为“经历；感受”。 He had many interesting experiences while travelling in South Africa. 他在南非旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。 拓展：experience 还可作不可数名词，意为“经验”。 Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。 【经典练】 1．—How do you find your class trip to the Phoenix Island? —Fantastic! I think it’s ________ I have ever had. A．an amazing experience B．a more boring experience C．the most amazing experience D．the most boring experience 【写作佳句】 I will never forget this experience, because I not only learned how to swim, but also learned to be brave! 一．语法精讲——定语从句 定语从句 知识点01 概念及句型 概念:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词，叫作先行词。从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，引导定语从句，同时又代替先行词，作定语从句的一个成分。 【句型剖析】I like music that I can dance to. 该句中that I can dance to是定语从句，music为先行词，that是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词music，that不能译为“那那个”的意思，而是先行词music的意思，在定语从句中作宾语。如将该句分成两个句子，主句为I like music，从句还原成一个句子为I can dance to music。其中that代替了I can dance to music中的music，在定语从句中，that是关系词被放到从句最前面，起引导作用。整句译为：我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。 注意：1关系代词和关系副词不能译为它本身的意思。 2定语从句翻译时译在先行词前面，译为：“…的”。 知识点02 由关系代词引导的定语从句 概念:关系代词引导定语从句，代替先行词，并在句中充当主语宾语定语等主要成分。 【句型剖析】常用的关系代词有：who（指人，作主语或宾语）；whom（指人，作宾语）；whose（通常指人或物，作定语）；which (指物，作主语或宾语)；that （指人或物时，作主语或宾语）。例如： 1)The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 2）He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。 3）He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 4）This is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 知识点03 关系代词的省略 【句型剖析】关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。例如： 1）The man (that/whom/who) you know is a famous professor. 你认识的那人是一个知名教授。（中间的引导词that/whom/who可以省略，上面例句中第二句第四句的引导词也可以省略） 2）This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for. 这是我正在找的手表。 知识点04 关系代词的位置 【句型剖析】关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，视介词的位置而定。例如： 1）This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。（关系代词在从句中作介词with的宾语，第一句with放在从句中动词的后面，前面关系词可用whom who 或that，第二句中with放在先行词和从句之间，只能用关系词可用whom。） 2）The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 注意：1若介词放在先行词与从句之间，即关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who，that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that，此时whomwhich不能省略。 2定语从句中谓语动词如果是“动词+介词”构成的短语动词，一般不把这样的介词提到关系代词前。例如： He has a little son (whom/that) he has to look after. (句中look after短语动词，after不能放在whom/that的前面，我们不能这样说：He has a little son after whom he has to look.) 知识点05 只用that作关系代词 【句型剖析】只用that作关系代词的场合 1当先行词是anything, everything, nothing, something, none, all, the one等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。例如： 1）Tell us everything that you know, please.请告诉我你知道的事。 2）Is there anything (that) I can do for you?有我能为你做的事吗？ 3）I’ve read all the books that you gave me.我已经读了你给我的所有的书。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。 2当先行词被序数词修饰时或被形容词最高级修饰时。例如： 1）This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.这是我看到过的最长的桥。 2）The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 3先行词既包括人又包括物。例如： 1）He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.他谈论他曾经拜访过的老师和学校。 2）Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 你能记得我们学过的那个科学家和他的理论吗？ 4先行词为the only, the very, the last, the same所修饰的定语从句。例如： 1）He is the very person that the police are looking for.他是警察寻找的那个人。 2）This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 这是我想买的那本好字典。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。 5当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。例如： 1）Who is the man that came this morning?谁是今天早上来的人？ 2）Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?最适合我的T恤是那件？ 知识点06 只用which作关系代词 【句型剖析】只用which作关系代词的场合 1若介词放在先行词与从句之间，即关系代词前，指物时只可用which。例如： 1）The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. 我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。 2先行词为that, those时，引导词用which。例如： 1）What’s that which was put in the car? 放在车子里面的东西是什么？ 3一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用that，另一个用which。例如： 1）Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 让我给你看看那本我刚刚从新开的图书馆借来的小说。 知识点07 只用who作关系代词 【句型剖析】只用who作关系代词的场合 1在there be结构中，先行词是人时，只用who。例如： 1）There is a young man who wants to see you.有一个年轻人相见你。 2为了避免重复或引起歧义，有两个定语从句时，一个用that，另一个用who。例如： 1）The man that spoke at the meeting is our new headmaster who has just come from Shanghai. 那个在会上讲话的人是我们的新校长，他来自上海。 3当先行词是I, you, he, they时（常用于谚语之中），只用who。例如： 1）He who plays with fire gets burned.玩火自焚。 知识点08 由关系副词引导的定语从句 【句型剖析】由关系副词引导的定语从句 常用的关系副词有：when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语）；where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语）；why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。例如： 1）This is the city where I was born. 这是我出生的城市。 2）I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。 3）Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。 【句型剖析】关系副词在意义上相当于一定的“介词+which”结构。例如： 1）Is this the reason why they came? Is this the reason for which they came? 这是他们为什么来的原因吗？ 2）He left the day when I came. He left the day on which I came. 他在我来的那天离开的。 3）This is the house where I lived two years ago. This is the house in which I lived two years ago.这是两年前我住的房子。 4）His father died the year when he was born. His father died the year in which he was born.　他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 知识点09 关系代词与关系副词的选择 【句型剖析】用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用。如果定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词，而其后又没有宾语，或从句中缺主语或表语，这时就用关系代词引导定语从句。如果定语从句的谓语动词是不及物动词，或已有了宾语主语和表语等成分，就用关系副词引导这个定语从句。试比较： 1）This is the city where I was born.这是我出生的城市。 This is the city (which/that) he has visited这是他参观过的城市。 分析：第一句中从句主干完整，即I was born in the city. 缺地点状语，故用关系副词；第二句中从句谓语动词visited缺宾语，即He has visited the city，故用关系代词。 2）I don’t know the reason why she is late.我不知道她迟到的原因。 That is the reason (which/that) everybody knows.这是每个人都知道的原因。 3）Do you still remember the day when he arrived? 你仍记得他们到达的日子吗？ Do you still remember the day (that/which) we spent together? 你仍记得在一起度过的日子吗？ 【经典练】 1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 2．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 3．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．who B．when C．where D．which 4．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. A．who B．which C．whose 5．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 6．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 7．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 8．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Who is the hero in your mind? —Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探). A．where B．which C．who 9．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. A．who B．that C．whom 10．（2023·吉林·中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A．who B．where C．which 11．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help? — We could help them with their study online on weekends. A．which B．who C．whom 12．（2023·四川乐山·中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world. A．which B．whom C．who 13．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Lei Feng is a great person ________ sets a good example to us. A．who B．which C．whose 14．（2023·四川成都·中考真题）He showed me the photos ________ he took at his graduation ceremony. A．that B．who C．what 15．（2022·青海·中考真题）—Do you like the song Jian Hun on Douyin? —Yes, I like the songs ________ I can dance to. A．that B．who C．what 二．写作精讲——谈论发明物的历史及用途 本单元话题是“音乐和电影”，围绕这一话题谈论和表达喜好。而最能全面体现本单元话题及语言运用能力的话题作文就是根据提示或表格信息，谈论自己的喜好或介绍他人的喜好。这也是单元测试和中考试题中常考的话题作文之一。 体裁：说明文        时态：一般现在时        人称：以第三人称为主 单词：music，movie，favorite，prefer，dislike，lyrics，musician，director，relaxed，sadness，tired，smooth，director，down，dialog，ending，pain，moving，perform，master，praise，documentary 短语：electronic music，dance to，action movies，Chinese folk music，spare time，listen to music，different kinds of music，once in a while＝from time to time，cheer up，plenty of，sing along with，watch/see a movie，talk about，sound like，a piece of 句型： 作文常用句型： It's possible for us to ... My favorite kind of music/movie/... is... I like...because...It was...by... When I listen to/watch/...it,I feel... I think you should listen to/watch/...it too because... 列提纲 写句子 My favorite movie 名称及导演 ...is my favorite movie.It was directed by...He is... 故事梗概 ·The movie is set in... ·The movie tells the story of... 观影感受 ·Every time I watch the movie，I feel... ·The movie shows us... 推荐理由 I think you should watch it because it is...movie that I have ever watched. Spider­Man: Far From Home is my favorite movie.It was directed by Jon Watts.He is a famous American director.The movie is set in Europe and tells the story of how Spider­Man Peter saves the earth.Every time I watch the movie，I feel very excited.It shows us Peter's courage to fight against threats to the earth.I think you should watch it because it is the most exciting movie that I have ever watched. 《蜘蛛侠：远离家乡》是我最喜欢的电影。它是由乔恩·瓦茨导演的。他是一位著名的美国导演。这部电影以欧洲为背景，讲述了蜘蛛侠彼得如何拯救地球的故事。每次看这部电影，我都感到非常兴奋。它向我们展示了彼得对抗地球威胁的勇气。我认为你应该看它，因为它是我看过的最激动人心的电影。 一、词性转换 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Section A 1. Australian → (n.) Australia 2. director → (v.) direct 3. smooth → (v.) smoothen 4. ending → (n.) end 5. documentary → (n.) document 6. intelligent – (n.) intelligence Section B 7. sadness → (adj.) sad 8. pain → (adj.) painful 9. moving → (v.) move 10. perform → (n.) performance 11. popular → (n.) popularity 二、短语归纳 1. sing along with 跟着一起唱 2. dance to 随着跳 3. different kinds of 不同类型的 4. a long week at … 一周长时间的…… 5. spare time 空闲时间 6. in that case 既然那样 7. stick to 坚持，固守 8. depend on 取决于 9. be down 失落 10. cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 11. a happy ending 美满的结局 12. try one’s best 尽最大努力 13. solve one’s problems 解决某人的问题 14. a goo way to do sth 一种……好方法 15. plenty of 大量，充足 16. a certain subject 某个主题 17. action movie 动作片 18. scary movie 恐怖电影 19. shut off 关闭，停止运转 20. save the world 拯救世界 21. just in time 及时 22. once in a while 偶尔地，间或 23. do sth alone 独自做某事 24. bring a friend 带上一个朋友 25. be afraid of sth 怕…… 26. feel scary 感到害怕/恐怖 27. each kind of 每种 28. write one’s own lyrics 自己写词 29. musical instruments 乐器 30. a piece of music 一首乐曲 31. folk music 民俗音乐 32. cry along with 随着哭 33. look up 查阅，抬头看 34. teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 35. grow worse 变得更糟 36. develop a serious illness 得了很严重的病 37. become blind 变成盲人 38. live on the street 住在街上 39. play on the street 在街上表演 40. in this way 以这种方式 41. musical skills 音乐技能 42. during one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中 43. in total 总共，总计 44. for this reason 由于这个原因 45. painful experiences 痛苦的经历 46. touch the heart(s) of sb. 打动人心 47. pain and wounds 痛苦和创伤 48. praise sb. as称赞某人为 三、句型集萃 1、 1. I suppose… 我想…… 2. feel like doing 想做某事 3. too + adj. + to do 太……而不…… 4. not do sth anymore 不在做某事 5. It is a pity that… 遗憾的是…… 6. …is a time for… ……是一个……的时间 四、重点句子 1. I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢有好歌词的音乐。 1 that has great lyrics 为定语从句，修饰先行词music，引导词that（也可以用which）在从句中作主语，不可以省略。★ e.g. I like music that is quiet and gentle. 我喜欢轻柔的音乐。 2 prefer v. 更喜爱，更喜欢★ e.g. There is coffee or tea. Which would you prefer? 有咖啡或茶，你更喜欢哪一个？ prefer sth 更喜欢某物 e.g. We have tea and coffee, but perhaps you’d prefer a cold drink. 我们有茶和咖啡，但也许你更喜欢冷饮。 prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事（强调特定的或某次具体的动作，即在一定的场合宁愿做某事） e.g. Many people living in cities would actually prefer to live in the country. 很多生活在城市的人实际上更愿意生活在乡下。 prefer … to … 比起……更喜欢……，喜欢……不喜欢……。Prefer后面的词为喜欢或愿意做的事，接在to后面的词为不喜欢或不愿意做的事，相当于like…better than… e.g. I prefer fish to meat. 我喜欢吃鱼，不喜欢吃肉。 prefer doing … to doing … 宁愿做……，不愿做…… e.g. He prefers riding a bike to driving. 她宁愿骑自行车，也不愿开车。 prefer doing… 宁愿做（强调一般性倾向，即对某种行为的偏爱） e.g. He preferred reading at home on rainy days. 下雨天他宁愿待在家里看书。 prefer to do … rather than do…相当于would rather do…than do…, 意为“喜欢……，不喜欢……；宁愿做……，不愿做……”，虽然没有明显的比较级，但具有比较意味。 e.g. I prefer to walk there there rather than go by bus. 我宁愿步行到那儿也不愿乘公共汽车去。 2. I suppose I’ll just listen to this new CD I bought. 我想我会听我买的这张新光碟。 suppose v. 推断，料想。★ e.g. I suppose we’ll go there tomorrow. 我猜想我们明天将去那儿。 suppose + 宾语 + to do（do通常为表示状态的动词）。 e.g. They suppose him to know the truth. 他们认为他知道真相。 be supposed to do 应该做，理应做 e.g. I am supposed to leave now. 现在我该走了。 3. I like smooth music that helps me relax after a long week at work. 我更喜欢能帮助我在一周长时间的工作后放轻松的柔和的音乐。 smooth adj. 轻柔的，悦耳的★ e.g. The girl likes smooth music. 女孩喜欢悦耳的音乐。 4. Well, if you have spare time, do you want to watch a movie with me? 那么，如果你有时间，你想和我一起看电影吗？ spare adj. 空闲的★ e.g. What do you do in your spare time? 你空闲时间做什么？ spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 把某物分给某人。★★ e.g. Can you spare me a cup of sugar? 你能分给我一杯糖吗？ 5. Oh, in that case, I’ll ask someone who likes serious movies. 哦，那样的话，我找个喜欢严肃电影的人。 1 who likes serious movies是定语从句，修饰先行词someone，先行词是人时，可用关系代词who或that来引导定语从句。★ e.g. I like the musicians who write their own songs. 我喜欢自己写歌的音乐家。 2 case n. 情况，实情。★ e.g. We will make an exception in your case. 我们会将你的情况视为例外。 in that case 既然那样，即使那样的话 6. While some people stick to only one kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day. 尽管有些人只忠于一类电影，我却喜欢观看不同的类型，取决于我那天的心情。 stick to 坚持，固守。★ e.g. You had better stick to your present job. 你最好坚守目前的工作。 7. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. 当我失落或疲劳时，我更喜欢能使我振作起来的电影。 1 down adj. 悲伤的，沮丧的。★ e.g. I feel very down about the trouble. 我因这件麻烦事感到非常沮丧。 let down 使失望，抛弃 e.g. He won’t let you down. 他不会让你失望的。 2 cheer up（使）高兴起来 ★ e.g. He cheered up at once when I promised to help him. 我一答应帮忙，他立即高兴起来。 8. Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting,… 纪录片，想《帝企鹅日记》，提供了大量的关于某个特定主题的信息，可能很有趣，…… 1 provide v. 提供，供应，给予★ 辨析offer, provide offer 意为“提供；给予”，这种提供只是主语的主观想法，被提供者不一定接受。offer常用于offer sb. sth.结构中，意为“给某人提供某物”；当表示主动提出做某事时，后接不定式。 provide意为“提供；供应；给予；规定”，常用结构有： ⑴ provide sb. with sth. 意为“提供某人某物”，其中provide的宾语是接受某一事物的人等，with的宾语是被提供的事物。 e.g. We provided the hungry children with food. 我们为那些饥饿的孩子们提供食物。 ⑵ provide for sb. 意为“供应某人所需”。 e.g. He worked hard to provide for his large family. 他努力工作以供养一大家子人。 ⑶ provide sth. for sb. 意为“为某人提供某物；提供某物给某人”。 e.g. Will you provide some money for me? 你会给我提供一些资金吗？ 2 plenty n. 大量，充足★ e.g. -- Will you have some more tea? 你想再要些茶吗？ -- No, thank you. I have had plenty. 不，谢谢。我已经喝得够多了。 plenty of 大量，充足，后可接可数名词复数和不可数名词。 e.g. There is plenty of time for it. 有许多时间可以做此事。 9. I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy watching an exciting superhero who always saves the world just in time. 我能关闭我的大脑，向后靠着坐，欣赏令人兴奋的总是能及时拯救世界的超级英雄。 shut v. 关上（门、窗、盖等）。★ e.g. I’m cold; please shut the window. 我冷，请关上窗户。 e.g. I can’t shut my suitcase—it’s too full. 我的手提箱合不上了—装得太满了。 shut off 关闭，关上，使机器（或工具）停止云状，切断煤气（或水）的供应。 10. The piece had a simple name, Erquan Yingyue (Moon Reflected on Second Spring), but it was the one of the most moving pieces of music that I’ve ever heard. 这首乐曲有一个很简单的名字，《二泉映月》（月亮倒映在第二个泉里），但它是我曾听过的最令人感动的乐曲之一。 1 the most moving pieces of music为先行词，被最高级修饰，定语从句的应到此用that。 2 reflect v. 反映，映出 e.g. The sun’s rays reflected on the ocean. 阳光反射在海面上。 11. Even after Abing got married and had a home again, he continued to sing and play on the streets. 甚至在阿炳结了婚，再次有了家之后，他还继续在街上唱歌，弹奏音乐。 1 get married结婚，表示动作。marry既可以用作及物动词，也可以用作不及物动词，意为“结婚；嫁；娶；与……结婚”等，常见用法如下：★★ marry sb. 嫁给某人 e.g. Mary married John last week. 上星期玛丽和约翰结婚了。 be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚 e.g. Rose got married to a doctor last month. 上个月简和一位医生结婚了。 marry sb. to sb. 表示“（父母）把女儿嫁给某人”或“为儿子娶媳妇”。 She married her daughter to a businessman.她把女儿嫁给了一个商人。 marry作不及物动词时，往往用副词或介词短语来修饰。marry一般不与介词with连用。 2 continue v. 继续，连续。★ 12. Its sad beauty not only paints a picture of Abing’s own life but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 它哀婉的美不仅描绘了一幅阿炳自己生活的图画，而且也使得人们唤起他们由于自己的悲伤带来的深深的伤口，或痛苦的经历。 1 recall v. 回忆起，回想起★★ e.g. He recalled the event suddenly. 他突然回忆起那个事件。 recall doing sth. 回想起做某事 recall + 宾语 + to + 名词 表示“使想起，使回想”。 e.g. Your story recalled my younger days to me. 你的故事让我回想起年轻的时候。 2 wound n. 伤，伤口，创伤。★ 辨析injure, hurt, wound injure为动词，一般指由于意外或事故而造成损伤。 hurt为一般用语，可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，可作名词或动词。 wound指战斗中的创伤、伤口，可作名词或动词。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to. Unit9 话题 音乐和电影 词汇 1.prefer v.更喜欢 2.Australian adj.澳大利亚(人)的 n.澳大利亚人→Australia n.澳大利亚 3.electronic adj.电子的;电子设备的 →electricity n.电;电能 4.suppose v.推断;料想→supposed (过去式) 5.smooth adj.悦耳的;平滑的 →smoothly adv.流畅地;顺利地;平稳地 6.spare adj.空闲的;不用的 v.抽出;留出 7.director n.导演;部门负责人 →direct v.指导;导演;领路 adj.直接的 8.case n.情况;实情 9.war n.战争;战争状态 10.stick v.粘贴;将……刺入→stuck (过去式)→stuck (过去分词) 11.down adj.悲哀;沮丧→sad/disappointed (同义词) 12.dialog=dialogue n.对话;对白 13.ending n.(故事、电影等的)结尾;结局 →beginning (反义词)n.开端;开始;起点 14.plenty pron.大量;众多 15.shut v.关闭;关上→shut (过去式)→shut (过去分词)→close (同义词) 16.intelligent adj.有才智的;聪明的→unintelligent (反义词)→wise∕clever∕bright∕smart∕knowledgeable adj.(同义词)→intelligence n.才智;智力 17.sense v.感觉到;意识到 n.感觉;意识 18.sadness n.悲伤;悲痛 →sad adj.(令人)悲哀的;(令人)难过的→sadly adv.悲哀地;不幸地;令人遗憾地 19.pain n.痛苦;疼痛;苦恼 →painful adj.令人痛苦的;令人疼痛的 20.reflect v.反映;映出 →reflection n.反映;映像;反射 21.moving adj.动人的;令人感动的 →moved adj.受感动的 →move v.移动;搬家;使感动 22.perform v.表演;执行 →performance n.表演;表现 23.lifetime n.一生;有生之年 24.pity n.遗憾;怜悯 v.同情;怜悯 25.total n.总数;合计 adj.总的;全体的→totally adv.完全;全部地;整个地 26.master n.大师;能手;主人 v.掌握 27.praise n.& v.表扬;赞扬 28.recall v.回忆起;回想起 29.wound n.伤;伤口;创伤 v.使(身体)受伤;伤害 短语 1.dance to 伴……而舞 2.sing along with 随……而唱 3.different kinds of... 不同种类的…… 4.listen to... 听…… 5.have spare time 有空 6.want to do... 想做…… 7.think too much 想太多 8.in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话 9.feel like (doing) sth. 想要(做)……  10.stick to sth. 坚持……;固守…… 11.depend on 取决于;决定于 12.cheer sb.up 使某人变得更高兴;振奋起来 13.try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 14.a good way to do... 一个做……的好办法 15.plenty of 大量的;充足的 16.shut off 关闭;停止运转 17.enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事 18.in time 及时 19.once in a while 偶尔地;间或 20.prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事 21.sense a strong sadness and pain 感受到强烈的悲伤和痛苦 22.look up the history of 查找……的历史 23.be written by sb. 由某人写作 24.be born in sp. 出生于某地 25.teach sb.to do sth. 教某人做某事 26.be known for 因……而出名 27.continue to do sth. 继续做某事 28.get married(to sb.) (与某人)结婚 29.during one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中 30.by the end of one’s life 到某人临终前 31.in total 总共;合计 32.one of China’s national treasures 中国的国宝之一 33.for this reason 由于这个原因 句型 1. I like music that I can dance to.我喜欢我可以跳舞的音乐。 2. I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。 3. I love music that I can sing along with. 我喜欢能随之唱歌的音乐。 4. What kind of music do you like?你喜欢什么样的音乐？ 5.I suppose Ill just listen to this new CD I bought.我想我会听听这张新买的CD。 6.What do you feel like watching today?今天你想看什么? 7.While some people stick to only one kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day.一些人只喜欢看同一类型的电影，而我却喜欢看不同类型的电影，但这要取决于我那天的感受。 8. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up.当我心情不好或者是疲惫时，我更偏爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。 9. Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting. 像《帝企鹅日记》这样提供大量有关某个主题的信息的纪录片，可能是很有趣的…….. 10.Once in a while, I like to watch movies that are scary.偶尔,我喜欢看恐怖片。 11. They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone.他们可能很有趣，但我不敢一个人看。 12.The piece had a simple name , Erquan Yingyue ,but it was one of the most moving pieces of music that I’ve ever heard.这首曲子的名字很简单，叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的音乐之一。 13. Abing’s father taught him to play many musical instruments, such as the drums, dizi and erhu…….阿炳的父亲教他弹奏很多种乐器，比如敲鼓、吹笛子、拉二胡…….. 14. Even after Abing got married and had a home again, he continued to sing and play on the streets. 甚至阿炳结婚后再次拥有一个家之后，他仍然在街上唱歌表演。 15. It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear 遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世 16. Today, Abing’s Erquan Yinyue is a piece which all the great erhu masters play and praise. 如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首所有伟大的二胡家演奏并称赞的曲子。 17. ….but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 而且也使人们能从他们自身的悲伤和痛苦的经历中回想起这些深深的创伤。 语法 定语从句； 写作 音乐和电影 考点1.prefer的用法 【教材原句】 I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。 【句型剖析】prefer即可做及物动词，也可做不及物动词， 意为“更喜欢，宁愿”。其用法如下： ①. prefer sth. to sth./ prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 与做某事相比更喜欢做某事。 I prefer green tea to coffee. 绿茶和咖啡比较起来我更喜欢咖啡 Tom prefers reading to talking. 汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢交谈。 ②. prefer doing sth. 更愿意做某事。 I prefer going there on foot.我宁愿步行去那儿。 ③. prefer (sb) to do sth. 更愿意（让某人）做某事。 I prefer to say at home tonight. 今晚我更喜欢待在家里。 ④. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。 I prefer to write rather than read. 我宁愿写而不愿意读。 注意：prefer 的过去式和过去分词都是preferred, 现在分词是preferring. 【经典练】 1．Holly prefers ________ the piano rather than ________ the violin. A．to play; playing B．to play; play C．play; to play 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Holly宁愿弹钢琴，而不愿拉小提琴。 考查动词短语。“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”表示“宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事”，因此第一空应用动词不定式“to play”，第二空用动词原形“play”。故选B。 2．—I seldom keep ________ on my computer for more than an hour. —But you seem to prefer ________ games on your iPad for hours. A．working; playing B．working; play C．to work; playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我很少用电脑工作超过一个小时。——但你似乎更喜欢在iPad上玩几个小时的游戏。 考查动词短语。keep doing sth.一直做某事；prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事。故选A。 【写作佳句】 However, other students prefer to travel alone. 考点 2.along with的用法 【教材原句】I love music that I can sing along with. 我喜欢能随之唱歌的音乐。 【句型剖析】along with意为“伴随着；同…….一道”，相当于together with. The girls are dancing along with music. 女孩们正在随着音乐跳舞。 提示：当主语后有along with/together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致。 His brother along with his friends has gone to another city. 他哥哥和他的朋友们去了另外一个城市。 【经典练】 1．I like music that I can sing ________. A．along and B．along with C．with D．along 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢能跟着唱的音乐。考查介词的用法。sing along with“跟着一起唱”，后面接宾语，本题中that引导定语从句，代指先行词music在从句中作with的宾语。故选B。 2．—What kind of music do you enjoy, Gina? —I am fond of music that I can sing along ________ and dance ________. A．about; as B．for; with C．with; to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Gina你喜欢什么样的音乐？——我喜欢可以跟着唱歌跳舞的音乐。 考查介词辨析。about关于；as作为；for为了；with和；to朝。sing along with“跟着唱”，dance to“随着舞”。故选C。 考点3. what kind of的用法 【教材原句】What kind of music do you like?你喜欢什么样的音乐？ 【句型剖析】what kind of意为“什么种类”，后面一般接单数名词或不可数名词。 What kind of music do you like? 你喜欢哪种音乐？ 【拓展】 ①a kind of 意为“一种”，修饰名词。 Water is a kind of matter. 水是一种物质。 ②different kinds of 意为“不同种类的”，修饰名词。 There are different kinds of animals in the zoo. 动物园中有不同种类的动物。 ③all kinds of 意为“各种各样”，修饰名词。 All kinds of new cars are on show. 各种各样的新车正在展览。 ④kind of 意为“有点，有几分”，修饰动词、形容词及副词。 She looks kind of pale after her illness. 她病后面色有点苍白。 【经典练】 1．—________ —It’s an apartment building. A．What’s your home? B．Where’s your house? C．What kind of home do you live in? 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你住在什么样的房子里？——它是一栋公寓楼。考查特殊疑问句。What’s your home?你的家是什么；Where’s your house?你的房子在哪里；What kind of home do you live in?你住在什么样的房子里。根据“It’s an apartment building.”可知，此处询问房子的类型。故选C。 2．—Could you tell me ________? —The kind that I can sing along with. A．what kind of music do you like B．what kind of music you like C．what kind of movies you like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你喜欢什么样的音乐吗？——我能跟着唱的那种。 考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；再由“The kind that I can sing along with.”可知能跟着唱的是音乐，排除C。故选B。 考点4.suppose的用法 【教材原句】I suppose Ill just listen to this new CD I bought.我想我会听听这张新买的CD。 【句型剖析】suppose是动词,意为“推断;料想”,常用来表示说话人的看法、猜测或假设。其主要用法如下: ①“suppose (that)+从句”意为“猜测;认为” The teacher supposes (that) his students can't finish this work. 老师猜想他的学生不能完成这项工作。 【注意】当主句的主语是第一人称时,应将否定转移到主句中去。如: I don't suppose (that) he is right.我想他是不对的。 ② be supposed to意为“应该;被期望”,相当于should。 The students aren't supposed to take the books out of the library. 学生不应该把这些书拿出图书馆。 The train was supposed to arrive ten minutes ago. 火车应该在十分钟之前到达。 ③“suppose+名词/代词+to be”意为“猜想某人 She supposed her sister to be in the park.她猜想她妹妹在公园。 【经典练】 1．We ________ know about their table manners before we visit foreign friends. A．are used to B．get used to C．are supposed to D．pay attention to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在我们拜访外国朋友之前，我们应该了解他们的餐桌礼仪。考查动词短语。are used to习惯于；get used to习惯于；are supposed to应该；pay attention to注意。根据“We … know about their table manners”可知，我们应该了解他们的餐桌礼仪。故选C。 2．Mr Smith was ________ to be a doctor but he became a teacher when he grew up. A．thought B．supposed C．suggested D．reminded 【答案】B 【详解】句意：史密斯先生被期望成为一名医生，但长大后却成了一名教师。 考查动词辨析。thought思考、认为；supposed应该；suggested建议；reminded提醒。be supposed to do sth“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，根据“Mr Smith was ... to be a doctor but he became a teacher when he grew up.”可知，史密斯先生原本被期望成为一名医生，却成了一名教师。故选B。 【写作佳句】 Finally, you’re not supposed to reach across the table to pick foods. 考点5.feel like 的用法 【教材原句】What do you feel like watching today?今天你想看什么? 【句型剖析】feel like doing sth.意为“想要做某事”,相当于want / would like to do sth.; feel like sth.意为“想要某物”,相当于want/ would like sth.。 She feels like going for a walk along the river. = She wants / would like to go for a walk along the river.她想沿河散步。 Do you feel like some tea? = Do you want / Would you like some tea?你要来点儿茶吗? 【拓展】feel like意为“给......的感觉;感受到”,后常接名词(短语)或 从句。 They made me feel like a member of the family. 他们让我觉得我是他们的家人。 He feels like (that) he has never been to such a place. 他感觉好像从未到过这样一个地方。 【经典练】 1．Lucy has a stomachache. She doesn’t feel like ________ anything. A．eat B．to eat C．eating 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西胃痛。她不想吃任何东西。考查非谓语动词。feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。 2．Alice doesn’t feel like ________ anything now, because she has a bad cold and feels bad. A．eat B．to eat C．eating 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爱丽丝现在不想吃任何东西，因为她患了重感冒，感觉很不好。 考查非谓语动词。根据短语feel like doing sth.“想做某事”可知，空处应选动词-ing形式。故选C。 考点6.while和 stick to 的用法 【教材原句】 While some people stick to only one kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day.一些人只喜欢看同一类型的电影，而我却喜欢看不同类型的电影，但这要取决于我那天的感受。 【句型剖析】1. while此处做并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表对比。 Linda likes singing while Gina likes dancing. 2. stick to 意为“坚持；固守”，其后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。stick to doing sth. 意为“坚持做某事” I shall stick to my decision. 我将坚持我的决定。 【拓展】 ①while用作并列连词时,意为“而;然而”,表示前后意义上的对比或转折。 There's plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northwest.东南部雨量充足,而西北部很少下雨。 ② while作从属连词,也引导时间状语从句,意为“当...的时候”,常表示一段长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。由while引导的从句中的动词一般是延续性动词。 While we were in Paris, we saw him twice 当我们在巴黎的时候,我们看到他两次。 【经典练】 1．Mary ________ while Peter ________ the piano. A．was dancing; was playing B．danced; played C．was dancing; played D．danced; was playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Mary在跳舞，而Peter在弹钢琴。考查动词的时态。根据句中“while当……时候”可知，while引导时间状语从句，主从句的动作同时发生，所以主从句都用过去进行时，其结构为were/was+doing，故选A。 2．I was doing my homework while my mother ________ the floor. A．sweeps B．will sweep C．is sweeping D．was sweeping 【答案】D 【详解】句意：妈妈扫地的时候，我正在做作业。 考查时态。根据题干中的“was doing”可知，主句使用的是过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，因此从句也应使用过去进行时。故选D。 3．________ your dream and you will succeed with your hard work. A．Stick to B．Lay out C．Pass by D．Take off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：坚持你的梦想，通过努力你会成功的。 考查动词短语。Stick to坚持；Lay out展示；Pass by经过；Take off起飞。根据“...your dream and you will succeed with your hard work.”可知，坚持梦想，你会成功，故选A。 4．No matter what you say, I will ________ my opinions. I won’t let anyone change my mind. A．put up B．throw away C．stick to D．deal with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不管你说什么，我都会坚持我的意见。我不会让任何人改变我的主意。 考查动词辨析。put up张贴；throw away扔掉；stick to坚持；deal with处理。根据“I won’t let anyone change my mind.”可知，会坚持自己的观点，故选C。 【写作佳句】 As long as you stick to these points, you will certainly improve your English. 考点7.down和cheer up的用法 【教材原句】When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up.当我心情不好或者是疲惫时，我更偏爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。 【句型剖析】1. down此处用作形容词，意为“悲哀；沮丧”， 相当于upset. The boy didn’t pass the exam, he felt down.这个男孩没有通过考试，感到很沮丧。 2. cheer up 意为“使高兴起来，使振奋起来”。 All the people cheered up at the good news. 听到这个好消息，所有人都欢呼起来。 【拓展】： 1. down用作副词，意为“向下，在下面” sit down 2. down用作介词，意为“沿着”。 Walk down the street. 沿着街走。 【经典练】 1．Jack, did you play basketball yesterday morning? —No, I didn’t go out until the wind ________ in the afternoon. A．fell down B．ran out C．died down D．hung out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——杰克，你昨天早上打篮球了吗？——不，直到下午风停我才出去。 考查动词短语。fell down摔倒；ran out跑掉；died down逐渐消失；hung out挂出。根据“the wind”可知，形容“风”，可以用died down。故选C。 2．—Bill felt sad because he failed his exam yesterday. —I’m sorry to hear that. Let’s go and _________him_________. A．cheer; on B．build; up C．cheer; up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——比尔感到悲伤，因为他在昨天的考试中失败了。 ——听到这个我很难过。我们一起去让他高兴起来吧。 考查动词短语辨析。cheer on为……加油；build up增强……的体质；cheer up让某人振作起来。根据“Bill felt sad...”可知此处表示让比尔振作起来，是动词和副词构成的短语，代词放在中间，用宾格。故选C。 【写作佳句】 When I was in trouble，you used to encourage me and cheer me up． 考点8. provide和plenty of 的用法 【教材原句】Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting. 像《帝企鹅日记》这样提供大量有关某个主题的信息的纪录片，可能是很有趣的…….. 【句型剖析】1.provide动词，意为“提供；供给”，常用于provide sth. for sb.,与 provide sb. with sth. 同义。 The school provided food for the students. = The school provided the students with food 2. plenty of 意为“大量；充足”。 既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。 拓展：offer 及物动词，意为“提供；给与”。常用结构为offer sb. sth., 相当于offer sth. to sb. 【经典练】 1．The government provided the poor children in this village ________ free books. A．to B．for C．with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：政府为这个村子里的贫困儿童提供了免费书籍。 考查介词辨析。to到；for为了；with用。provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”，固定词组。故选C。 2．It’s important ________ the government ________ basic education for children in poor areas. A．of; to provide B．of; provide C．for; to provide D．for; to providing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：政府为贫困地区的儿童提供基础教育是很重要的。 考查介词和非谓语动词。句型It is+adj.+of/for sb.+to do sth.表示“做……对某人而言是……的”，如果形容词是描述人的品质的，要用介词of；若形容词描写事物性质，则用for；形容词“important”与事物性质相关，介词应用for。to后接动词原形，而不是动名词。故选C。 3．We have got _________ vegetables but _________ meat. A．too many; few B．plenty of; a little C．a lot of; a few D．too much; little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们有许多蔬菜，但是只有一点儿肉。考查不定代词辨析。too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；plenty of 许多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；a lot of许多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；few几乎没有，a few一点，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，a little一点，修饰不可数名词。第一空根据“vegetables”是复数可数名词，可排除D；第二空根据“meat”是不可数名词，可排除A和C。故选B。 4．The film starts at seven and it is only five. We have ________ time to get there. A．a large amount B．a lot C．plenty of D．little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：电影七点开始，现在才五点。我们有充足的时间去那里。 考查形容词短语用法。a large amount大量，后加of在加名词；a lot很、非常；plenty of大量，后加名词；little很少。根据“The film starts at seven and it is only five.”可知电影七点开始，现在才五点，所以我们有足够的时间去那里，“time”为不可数名词，故选C。 【写作佳句】 It will provide us with a meaningful week staying with the students in the mountains. 考点9.once in a while的用法 【教材原句】Once in a while, I like to watch movies that are scary.偶尔,我喜欢看恐怖片。 【句型剖析】once in a while意为“偶尔地;间或”,相当于sometimes, at times,from time to time或 now and then,在句中作状语，一般位于句首或句末。 Since then we've never seen each other, but once in a while we write letters. 从那以后我们再也没有见过面,但偶尔会写信。 【拓展】 含once的短语常用的还有: once upon a time 从前 at once立刻;马上 once more再来一次 once again再次;又一次 【经典练】 1．As she is often busy with her work. She only has dinner with her family ______. A．all the time B．once in a while C．another time D．next time 【答案】B 【详解】句意：因为她经常忙于工作。她只是偶尔和家人共进晚餐。考查动词辨析题。A. all the time向来；B. once in a while偶尔；C. another time再次；D. next time下一次。be busy with忙于；根据句意和语境，可知ACD三项意思都与句意不合，故选B。 2． So far, it hasn’t snowed in Zhenzhou this winter. However, it often snows in the northeast, ___________ it snows heavily. A．for a while B．after a while C．once in a while D．all the while 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：到目前为止，在真州这个冬天还没有下雪。然而，在东北经常下雪，偶尔还下的很大。A. for a while 一会儿； B. after a while 过了一会儿；C. once in a while 时不时，偶尔；D. all the while一直始终。根据句意，故选C. 考点10. too…to…的用法 【教材原句】They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone.他们可能很有趣，但我不敢一个人看。 【句型剖析】 too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如： The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。 【拓展】 （1）含too…to…的句子可以改写成“so…that…”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：He is too old to do hard work. = He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。 （2）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not … enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如： He is too old to do hard work. = He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能干重活。 【经典练】 1．—Believe it or not! My grandpa is learning to play the piano. —Oh! ______. A．It never rains but it pours B．When in Rome, do as the Romans do C．One is never too old to learn D．Every dog has its day 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——信不信由你！我爷爷正在学弹钢琴。——哦！活到老，学到老。 考查习语辨析。It never rains but it pours祸不单行；When in Rome, do as the Romans do入乡随俗；One is never too old to learn活到老，学到老；Every dog has its day人人皆有得意时。根据“My grandpa is learning to play the piano”可知，爷爷在学弹钢琴，说明学习是没有年龄限制的，也就是“活到老学到老”，故选C。 考点11. one of的用法 【教材原句】The piece had a simple name , Erquan Yingyue ,but it was one of the most moving pieces of music that I’ve ever heard.这首曲子的名字很简单，叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的音乐之一。 【句型剖析】 one of后接形容词最高级及名词复数，意为“最……之一”。 Chang jiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 【拓展】 ①one of the +复数名词+定语从句中，定语从句中的谓语动词跟定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词保持一致，通常用复数。 This is one of the books that are required for study at school. 这是学校里要求学生学习的书籍之一。 ②如果one of the +复数名词的前面有the only之类的限定语，后面定语从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式。 He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school. 他是我校教师中唯一懂得法语的人。 【经典练】 1．One of the kids at the picnic ________ cooking. A．is good at B．are good at C．is good for D．are good for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：野餐的一个孩子擅长做饭。考查主谓一致和形容词短语。be good at擅长；be good for对……有好处。根据“cooking”可知是擅长做饭，排除CD；主语是One of the kids at the picnic，be动词用is。故选A。 【写作佳句】 Chinese was one of the subjects when I was in a primary school. 考点12.teach的用法 【教材原句】Abing’s father taught him to play many musical instruments, such as the drums, dizi and erhu…….阿炳的父亲教他弹奏很多种乐器，比如敲鼓、吹笛子、拉二胡…….. 【句型剖析】teach sb. to do sth. 意为“教某人做某事”。 The girl taught me to sing the song. 那个女孩教我唱这首歌。 拓展：teach后面可接双宾语结构，teach sb. sth. teach oneself 意为“自学”，相当于learn by oneself. 【经典练】 1．These are the most difficult lessons. It is hard for students to teach ________. A．them B．themselves C．us D．ourselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些是最难的课程。对学生来说自学是很难的。 考查反身代词。them他们（宾格）；themselves他们自己（反身代词）；us我们（宾格）；ourselves我们自己（反身代词）。根据“students”可知，这里是说学生自学，应该用themselves。故选B。 2．—Could you please ________ him to play soccer? —Sorry, I’m ________ for a test. A．teach; study B．to teach; studying C．teach; studying D．to teach; study 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能教他踢足球吗？——对不起，我在准备考试。考查动词时态。“could you please”用来表示“请求别人做某事”，后接动词原形；第二空表示因为正在做某事，而拒绝了对方的请求，应用现在进行时：be doing。故选C。 【写作佳句】 The book teaches us to be brave when we are in trouble. 考点13.get married的用法 【教材原句】Even after Abing got married and had a home again, he continued to sing and play on the streets. 甚至阿炳结婚后再次拥有一个家之后，他仍然在街上唱歌表演。 【句型剖析】get married 意为“结婚”。表示动作，后面不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 My best friend got married last weekend. 我最好的朋友上个周末结婚了。 拓展：在表示“和某人结婚”的状态时，常用be married to sb. 可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 【经典练】 1．—How long ________ they ________? —Sorry, I don’t know. But I know that Peter is going to ________ a nurse next week. A．did, marry; marry to B．did, get married; marry with C．have, got married; marry D．have, been married; marry 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——他们结婚多久了？——对不起，我不知道。但是我知道皮特下个月将会娶一名护士。考查动词时态。marry“结婚”，动词；marry sb表示“嫁/娶某人”；get married表示“结婚”。根据“How long”可知表示“多长时间”，常和现在完成时连用，且谓语动词应是延续性动词，marry是短暂性动词，其对应的持续性动词是be married；空二指“下个月皮特将要娶一名护士”，be going to do“打算做某事”。故选D。 2．—When did your parents ________ ? . —They ________ for twenty years. A．marry; have got married B．get married; have got married C．marry; have been married D．get married; have been married 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的父母什么时候结婚的？——他们已经结婚20年了。 考查动词短语辨析。marry sb.娶（嫁）某人；get married结婚，短暂性动词；be married已婚，延续性动词，与一段时间搭配。第一空空前为“你的父母”，不能用marry，排除A、C选项；第二空后为“20年”，是一段时间，用be married，且用现在完成时。故选D。 考点14.It is a pity that和in total的用法 【教材原句】 It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear 遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世 【句型剖析】1. It is a pity that…….. 是一个常用的句型，意为“很遗憾…….. It is a pity that you missed such an interesting movie. 很遗憾你错过了一场如此有趣的电影。 2. in total 意为“总共，合计”， 其中total用作名词，意为“总数；合计”。 The classroom has three windows in total. 这个教室总共有三个窗户。 拓展：total还可以用作形容词，意为“总计的，总共的”。 What is the total population of China? 中国的总人口是多少？ 【经典练】 1．—Have you got _________ Bing Dwendwen, Lisa? —Not yet. It is _________ pity that I can’t find one in any toy shop. A．a; / B．the; / C．a; a D．the; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——丽莎，你有冰墩墩吗？——还没有。很遗憾，我在任何玩具店都找不到一个冰墩墩。考查冠词。分析语境可知，第一空泛指“一个冰墩墩”，用不定冠词a，排除B和D；第二空后“pity”属于抽象名词，“a+抽象名词”起到具体化的作用，It is a pity that...表示“……是一件遗憾的事”。故选C。 2．It is a ____________ that I have never been to Beijing. A．pity B．custom C．pain 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：我从来没有去过北京是一件遗憾的事。此题考查名词，A.遗憾的事；B.习俗；C.疼痛。根据句意，应选A。 3．I have more than 100 English books ________ total. A．at B．on C．in D．before 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我总共有100多本英语书。 考查介词辨析。at在……方面；on在……之上；in在……里；before在……之前。根据“I have more than 100 English books ... total.”可知，此处是in total“总共”，为固定短语。故选C。 4．—How many Chinese players ________ took part in the Beijing Winter Olympics? —One hundred and seventy-six. And the youngest player is only 16 years old. A．in return B．in total C．in danger D．in trouble 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——总共有多少名中国运动员参加了北京冬奥会？——一百七十六，而最小的选手只有16岁。考查介词短语。in return作为回报；in total总计；in danger处于危险中；in trouble处于困境。根据答句“One hundred and seventy-six”可推知这里问总数，应用“in total”。故选B。 考点15.praise 的用法 【教材原句】Today, Abing’s Erquan Yinyue is a piece which all the great erhu masters play and praise. 如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首所有伟大的二胡家演奏并称赞的曲子。 【句型剖析】praise 用作及物动词，意为“表扬；赞扬”，常用结构为praise sb./sth for (doing) sth., 意为“因为（做）某事而赞扬某人”。 Jane was praised by the teacher. 简受到了老师的表扬。 The mayor praised the rescue teams for their courage. 市长称赞了救援队的英勇。 拓展：praise 还可用作名词，意为“赞扬，赞美”。 Give plenty of praise and encouragement. 要多多表扬和鼓励。 【经典练】 1．Zhang Guimei is the famous teacher who has won high ________ from the whole country. A．practice B．present C．prize D．praise 【答案】D 【详解】句意：张桂梅是一位著名的教师，她赢得了全国人民的高度赞扬。 考查名词辨析。practice练习；present礼物；prize奖品；praise赞扬。根据“ won high… from the whole country.”可知，是指赢得了高度赞扬。故选D。 【写作佳句】 After knowing it, the teacher praised Li Hua and encouraged others to learn from him. 考点16.experience 的用法 【教材原句】but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 而且也使人们能从他们自身的悲伤和痛苦的经历中回想起这些深深的创伤。 【句型剖析】experience在此为可数名词，意为“经历；感受”。 He had many interesting experiences while travelling in South Africa. 他在南非旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。 拓展：experience 还可作不可数名词，意为“经验”。 Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。 【经典练】 1．—How do you find your class trip to the Phoenix Island? —Fantastic! I think it’s ________ I have ever had. A．an amazing experience B．a more boring experience C．the most amazing experience D．the most boring experience 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得你们班去凤凰岛旅游怎么样？——好极了！我认为这是我曾有过的最神奇的一次经历。考查形容词最高级的辨析。amazing令人惊奇的；boring无聊的，枯燥的。根据“Fantastic! ”可知，此次经历不错，应用amazing“”令人惊奇的”；再根据“I have ever had.”可知，是与以前到现在的经历对比，应用最高级。故选C。 【写作佳句】 I will never forget this experience, because I not only learned how to swim, but also learned to be brave! 一．语法精讲——定语从句 定语从句 知识点01 概念及句型 概念:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词，叫作先行词。从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，引导定语从句，同时又代替先行词，作定语从句的一个成分。 【句型剖析】I like music that I can dance to. 该句中that I can dance to是定语从句，music为先行词，that是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词music，that不能译为“那那个”的意思，而是先行词music的意思，在定语从句中作宾语。如将该句分成两个句子，主句为I like music，从句还原成一个句子为I can dance to music。其中that代替了I can dance to music中的music，在定语从句中，that是关系词被放到从句最前面，起引导作用。整句译为：我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。 注意：1关系代词和关系副词不能译为它本身的意思。 2定语从句翻译时译在先行词前面，译为：“…的”。 知识点02 由关系代词引导的定语从句 概念:关系代词引导定语从句，代替先行词，并在句中充当主语宾语定语等主要成分。 【句型剖析】常用的关系代词有：who（指人，作主语或宾语）；whom（指人，作宾语）；whose（通常指人或物，作定语）；which (指物，作主语或宾语)；that （指人或物时，作主语或宾语）。例如： 1)The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 2）He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。 3）He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 4）This is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 知识点03 关系代词的省略 【句型剖析】关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。例如： 1）The man (that/whom/who) you know is a famous professor. 你认识的那人是一个知名教授。（中间的引导词that/whom/who可以省略，上面例句中第二句第四句的引导词也可以省略） 2）This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for. 这是我正在找的手表。 知识点04 关系代词的位置 【句型剖析】关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，视介词的位置而定。例如： 1）This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。（关系代词在从句中作介词with的宾语，第一句with放在从句中动词的后面，前面关系词可用whom who 或that，第二句中with放在先行词和从句之间，只能用关系词可用whom。） 2）The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 注意：1若介词放在先行词与从句之间，即关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who，that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that，此时whomwhich不能省略。 2定语从句中谓语动词如果是“动词+介词”构成的短语动词，一般不把这样的介词提到关系代词前。例如： He has a little son (whom/that) he has to look after. (句中look after短语动词，after不能放在whom/that的前面，我们不能这样说：He has a little son after whom he has to look.) 知识点05 只用that作关系代词 【句型剖析】只用that作关系代词的场合 1当先行词是anything, everything, nothing, something, none, all, the one等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。例如： 1）Tell us everything that you know, please.请告诉我你知道的事。 2）Is there anything (that) I can do for you?有我能为你做的事吗？ 3）I’ve read all the books that you gave me.我已经读了你给我的所有的书。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。 2当先行词被序数词修饰时或被形容词最高级修饰时。例如： 1）This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.这是我看到过的最长的桥。 2）The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 3先行词既包括人又包括物。例如： 1）He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.他谈论他曾经拜访过的老师和学校。 2）Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 你能记得我们学过的那个科学家和他的理论吗？ 4先行词为the only, the very, the last, the same所修饰的定语从句。例如： 1）He is the very person that the police are looking for.他是警察寻找的那个人。 2）This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 这是我想买的那本好字典。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。 5当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。例如： 1）Who is the man that came this morning?谁是今天早上来的人？ 2）Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?最适合我的T恤是那件？ 知识点06 只用which作关系代词 【句型剖析】只用which作关系代词的场合 1若介词放在先行词与从句之间，即关系代词前，指物时只可用which。例如： 1）The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. 我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。 2先行词为that, those时，引导词用which。例如： 1）What’s that which was put in the car? 放在车子里面的东西是什么？ 3一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用that，另一个用which。例如： 1）Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 让我给你看看那本我刚刚从新开的图书馆借来的小说。 知识点07 只用who作关系代词 【句型剖析】只用who作关系代词的场合 1在there be结构中，先行词是人时，只用who。例如： 1）There is a young man who wants to see you.有一个年轻人相见你。 2为了避免重复或引起歧义，有两个定语从句时，一个用that，另一个用who。例如： 1）The man that spoke at the meeting is our new headmaster who has just come from Shanghai. 那个在会上讲话的人是我们的新校长，他来自上海。 3当先行词是I, you, he, they时（常用于谚语之中），只用who。例如： 1）He who plays with fire gets burned.玩火自焚。 知识点08 由关系副词引导的定语从句 【句型剖析】由关系副词引导的定语从句 常用的关系副词有：when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语）；where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语）；why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。例如： 1）This is the city where I was born. 这是我出生的城市。 2）I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。 3）Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。 【句型剖析】关系副词在意义上相当于一定的“介词+which”结构。例如： 1）Is this the reason why they came? Is this the reason for which they came? 这是他们为什么来的原因吗？ 2）He left the day when I came. He left the day on which I came. 他在我来的那天离开的。 3）This is the house where I lived two years ago. This is the house in which I lived two years ago.这是两年前我住的房子。 4）His father died the year when he was born. His father died the year in which he was born.　他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 知识点09 关系代词与关系副词的选择 【句型剖析】用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用。如果定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词，而其后又没有宾语，或从句中缺主语或表语，这时就用关系代词引导定语从句。如果定语从句的谓语动词是不及物动词，或已有了宾语主语和表语等成分，就用关系副词引导这个定语从句。试比较： 1）This is the city where I was born.这是我出生的城市。 This is the city (which/that) he has visited这是他参观过的城市。 分析：第一句中从句主干完整，即I was born in the city. 缺地点状语，故用关系副词；第二句中从句谓语动词visited缺宾语，即He has visited the city，故用关系代词。 2）I don’t know the reason why she is late.我不知道她迟到的原因。 That is the reason (which/that) everybody knows.这是每个人都知道的原因。 3）Do you still remember the day when he arrived? 你仍记得他们到达的日子吗？ Do you still remember the day (that/which) we spent together? 你仍记得在一起度过的日子吗？ 【经典练】 1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有些人认为成功只属于那些有天赋的人或那些成长在合适的家庭的人，而另一些人则认为成功主要取决于努力工作。考查定语从句。who先行词是人，在句中作主语/宾语；whose谁的；which先行词是物，在句中作主语/宾语；whom先行词是人，在句中作宾语。本句是定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选A。 2．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在困难时期，总是会有挺身而出、给人们带来希望的国家英雄。 考查定语从句的关系词。whom先行词为人，在从句中充当宾语；who先行词为人，在从句中充当主语；which先行词为物；whose先行词为人，在从句中充当定语。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词heroes，是人；根据先行词在从句中充当主语，所以用who引导。故选B。 3．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．who B．when C．where D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然我的祖父已经90多岁了，但他仍然记得他年轻时遇到的那些人。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是“the people”，从句中缺少主语，指人，应用who引导定语从句。故选A。 4．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“科目三”是最近很受欢迎的引人注目的舞蹈表演。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词dance performance指物，在从句中作主语，关系词用which，故选B。 5．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。 6．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词the movies指物，且连接词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，且不可省略。故选B。 7．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个永远会与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which哪一个，先行词指物；who谁，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词a person指人，且连接词在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选C。 8．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Who is the hero in your mind? —Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探). A．where B．which C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你心目中的英雄是谁？——黄大年。他是一位帮助中国在深海勘探方面取得巨大进展的科学家。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 9．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. A．who B．that C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们怀着远大的梦想努力学习，没有什么是不能实现的。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是nothing，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。故选B。 10．（2023·吉林·中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A．who B．where C．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些天，学生们正在读充满“红色精神”的书。考查定语从句。who谁；where哪儿；which哪个。本句含定语从句，先行词books指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 11．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help? — We could help them with their study online on weekends. A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们能为需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么？——我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习。 考查定语从句。which先行词指物；who先行词指人，在从句中作主语；whom先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。本句先行词是the left-home children，指人，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。 12．（2023·四川乐山·中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world. A．which B．whom C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：郭沫若是一位著名的中国作家，在世界各地都很受欢迎。考查定语从句。which指物，从句作主语，宾语；whom指人，从句作宾语；who指人，从句中作主语，宾语。根据语义及句子结构可知，前后为两个句子，且空后句子为定语从句，修饰先行词writer“作家”，指人，且在定语从句中充当主语，用关系词who。故选C。 13．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Lei Feng is a great person ________ sets a good example to us. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：雷锋是一个伟大的人，他给我们树立了好榜样。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。 14．（2023·四川成都·中考真题）He showed me the photos ________ he took at his graduation ceremony. A．that B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他给我看了他在毕业典礼上拍的照片。考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，先行词是人/物；who引导定语从句，先行词是人；what不引导定语从句。本句中先行词“the photos”是物，且在句中作宾语，用引导词that。故选A。 15．（2022·青海·中考真题）—Do you like the song Jian Hun on Douyin? —Yes, I like the songs ________ I can dance to. A．that B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你喜欢抖音上的歌曲《剑魂》吗？——是的，我喜欢能跟着跳舞的歌。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词songs是指物，在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句，故选A。 二．写作精讲——谈论发明物的历史及用途 本单元话题是“音乐和电影”，围绕这一话题谈论和表达喜好。而最能全面体现本单元话题及语言运用能力的话题作文就是根据提示或表格信息，谈论自己的喜好或介绍他人的喜好。这也是单元测试和中考试题中常考的话题作文之一。 体裁：说明文        时态：一般现在时        人称：以第三人称为主 单词：music，movie，favorite，prefer，dislike，lyrics，musician，director，relaxed，sadness，tired，smooth，director，down，dialog，ending，pain，moving，perform，master，praise，documentary 短语：electronic music，dance to，action movies，Chinese folk music，spare time，listen to music，different kinds of music，once in a while＝from time to time，cheer up，plenty of，sing along with，watch/see a movie，talk about，sound like，a piece of 句型： 作文常用句型： It's possible for us to ... My favorite kind of music/movie/... is... I like...because...It was...by... When I listen to/watch/...it,I feel... I think you should listen to/watch/...it too because... 列提纲 写句子 My favorite movie 名称及导演 ...is my favorite movie.It was directed by...He is... 故事梗概 ·The movie is set in... ·The movie tells the story of... 观影感受 ·Every time I watch the movie，I feel... ·The movie shows us... 推荐理由 I think you should watch it because it is...movie that I have ever watched. Spider­Man: Far From Home is my favorite movie.It was directed by Jon Watts.He is a famous American director.The movie is set in Europe and tells the story of how Spider­Man Peter saves the earth.Every time I watch the movie，I feel very excited.It shows us Peter's courage to fight against threats to the earth.I think you should watch it because it is the most exciting movie that I have ever watched. 《蜘蛛侠：远离家乡》是我最喜欢的电影。它是由乔恩·瓦茨导演的。他是一位著名的美国导演。这部电影以欧洲为背景，讲述了蜘蛛侠彼得如何拯救地球的故事。每次看这部电影，我都感到非常兴奋。它向我们展示了彼得对抗地球威胁的勇气。我认为你应该看它，因为它是我看过的最激动人心的电影。 一、词性转换 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Section A 1. Australian → (n.) Australia 2. director → (v.) direct 3. smooth → (v.) smoothen 4. ending → (n.) end 5. documentary → (n.) document 6. intelligent – (n.) intelligence Section B 7. sadness → (adj.) sad 8. pain → (adj.) painful 9. moving → (v.) move 10. perform → (n.) performance 11. popular → (n.) popularity 二、短语归纳 1. sing along with 跟着一起唱 2. dance to 随着跳 3. different kinds of 不同类型的 4. a long week at … 一周长时间的…… 5. spare time 空闲时间 6. in that case 既然那样 7. stick to 坚持，固守 8. depend on 取决于 9. be down 失落 10. cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 11. a happy ending 美满的结局 12. try one’s best 尽最大努力 13. solve one’s problems 解决某人的问题 14. a goo way to do sth 一种……好方法 15. plenty of 大量，充足 16. a certain subject 某个主题 17. action movie 动作片 18. scary movie 恐怖电影 19. shut off 关闭，停止运转 20. save the world 拯救世界 21. just in time 及时 22. once in a while 偶尔地，间或 23. do sth alone 独自做某事 24. bring a friend 带上一个朋友 25. be afraid of sth 怕…… 26. feel scary 感到害怕/恐怖 27. each kind of 每种 28. write one’s own lyrics 自己写词 29. musical instruments 乐器 30. a piece of music 一首乐曲 31. folk music 民俗音乐 32. cry along with 随着哭 33. look up 查阅，抬头看 34. teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 35. grow worse 变得更糟 36. develop a serious illness 得了很严重的病 37. become blind 变成盲人 38. live on the street 住在街上 39. play on the street 在街上表演 40. in this way 以这种方式 41. musical skills 音乐技能 42. during one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中 43. in total 总共，总计 44. for this reason 由于这个原因 45. painful experiences 痛苦的经历 46. touch the heart(s) of sb. 打动人心 47. pain and wounds 痛苦和创伤 48. praise sb. as称赞某人为 三、句型集萃 1、 1. I suppose… 我想…… 2. feel like doing 想做某事 3. too + adj. + to do 太……而不…… 4. not do sth anymore 不在做某事 5. It is a pity that… 遗憾的是…… 6. …is a time for… ……是一个……的时间 四、重点句子 1. I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢有好歌词的音乐。 1 that has great lyrics 为定语从句，修饰先行词music，引导词that（也可以用which）在从句中作主语，不可以省略。★ e.g. I like music that is quiet and gentle. 我喜欢轻柔的音乐。 2 prefer v. 更喜爱，更喜欢★ e.g. There is coffee or tea. Which would you prefer? 有咖啡或茶，你更喜欢哪一个？ prefer sth 更喜欢某物 e.g. We have tea and coffee, but perhaps you’d prefer a cold drink. 我们有茶和咖啡，但也许你更喜欢冷饮。 prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事（强调特定的或某次具体的动作，即在一定的场合宁愿做某事） e.g. Many people living in cities would actually prefer to live in the country. 很多生活在城市的人实际上更愿意生活在乡下。 prefer … to … 比起……更喜欢……，喜欢……不喜欢……。Prefer后面的词为喜欢或愿意做的事，接在to后面的词为不喜欢或不愿意做的事，相当于like…better than… e.g. I prefer fish to meat. 我喜欢吃鱼，不喜欢吃肉。 prefer doing … to doing … 宁愿做……，不愿做…… e.g. He prefers riding a bike to driving. 她宁愿骑自行车，也不愿开车。 prefer doing… 宁愿做（强调一般性倾向，即对某种行为的偏爱） e.g. He preferred reading at home on rainy days. 下雨天他宁愿待在家里看书。 prefer to do … rather than do…相当于would rather do…than do…, 意为“喜欢……，不喜欢……；宁愿做……，不愿做……”，虽然没有明显的比较级，但具有比较意味。 e.g. I prefer to walk there there rather than go by bus. 我宁愿步行到那儿也不愿乘公共汽车去。 2. I suppose I’ll just listen to this new CD I bought. 我想我会听我买的这张新光碟。 suppose v. 推断，料想。★ e.g. I suppose we’ll go there tomorrow. 我猜想我们明天将去那儿。 suppose + 宾语 + to do（do通常为表示状态的动词）。 e.g. They suppose him to know the truth. 他们认为他知道真相。 be supposed to do 应该做，理应做 e.g. I am supposed to leave now. 现在我该走了。 3. I like smooth music that helps me relax after a long week at work. 我更喜欢能帮助我在一周长时间的工作后放轻松的柔和的音乐。 smooth adj. 轻柔的，悦耳的★ e.g. The girl likes smooth music. 女孩喜欢悦耳的音乐。 4. Well, if you have spare time, do you want to watch a movie with me? 那么，如果你有时间，你想和我一起看电影吗？ spare adj. 空闲的★ e.g. What do you do in your spare time? 你空闲时间做什么？ spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 把某物分给某人。★★ e.g. Can you spare me a cup of sugar? 你能分给我一杯糖吗？ 5. Oh, in that case, I’ll ask someone who likes serious movies. 哦，那样的话，我找个喜欢严肃电影的人。 1 who likes serious movies是定语从句，修饰先行词someone，先行词是人时，可用关系代词who或that来引导定语从句。★ e.g. I like the musicians who write their own songs. 我喜欢自己写歌的音乐家。 2 case n. 情况，实情。★ e.g. We will make an exception in your case. 我们会将你的情况视为例外。 in that case 既然那样，即使那样的话 6. While some people stick to only one kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day. 尽管有些人只忠于一类电影，我却喜欢观看不同的类型，取决于我那天的心情。 stick to 坚持，固守。★ e.g. You had better stick to your present job. 你最好坚守目前的工作。 7. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. 当我失落或疲劳时，我更喜欢能使我振作起来的电影。 1 down adj. 悲伤的，沮丧的。★ e.g. I feel very down about the trouble. 我因这件麻烦事感到非常沮丧。 let down 使失望，抛弃 e.g. He won’t let you down. 他不会让你失望的。 2 cheer up（使）高兴起来 ★ e.g. He cheered up at once when I promised to help him. 我一答应帮忙，他立即高兴起来。 8. Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting,… 纪录片，想《帝企鹅日记》，提供了大量的关于某个特定主题的信息，可能很有趣，…… 1 provide v. 提供，供应，给予★ 辨析offer, provide offer 意为“提供；给予”，这种提供只是主语的主观想法，被提供者不一定接受。offer常用于offer sb. sth.结构中，意为“给某人提供某物”；当表示主动提出做某事时，后接不定式。 provide意为“提供；供应；给予；规定”，常用结构有： ⑴ provide sb. with sth. 意为“提供某人某物”，其中provide的宾语是接受某一事物的人等，with的宾语是被提供的事物。 e.g. We provided the hungry children with food. 我们为那些饥饿的孩子们提供食物。 ⑵ provide for sb. 意为“供应某人所需”。 e.g. He worked hard to provide for his large family. 他努力工作以供养一大家子人。 ⑶ provide sth. for sb. 意为“为某人提供某物；提供某物给某人”。 e.g. Will you provide some money for me? 你会给我提供一些资金吗？ 2 plenty n. 大量，充足★ e.g. -- Will you have some more tea? 你想再要些茶吗？ -- No, thank you. I have had plenty. 不，谢谢。我已经喝得够多了。 plenty of 大量，充足，后可接可数名词复数和不可数名词。 e.g. There is plenty of time for it. 有许多时间可以做此事。 9. I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy watching an exciting superhero who always saves the world just in time. 我能关闭我的大脑，向后靠着坐，欣赏令人兴奋的总是能及时拯救世界的超级英雄。 shut v. 关上（门、窗、盖等）。★ e.g. I’m cold; please shut the window. 我冷，请关上窗户。 e.g. I can’t shut my suitcase—it’s too full. 我的手提箱合不上了—装得太满了。 shut off 关闭，关上，使机器（或工具）停止云状，切断煤气（或水）的供应。 10. The piece had a simple name, Erquan Yingyue (Moon Reflected on Second Spring), but it was the one of the most moving pieces of music that I’ve ever heard. 这首乐曲有一个很简单的名字，《二泉映月》（月亮倒映在第二个泉里），但它是我曾听过的最令人感动的乐曲之一。 1 the most moving pieces of music为先行词，被最高级修饰，定语从句的应到此用that。 2 reflect v. 反映，映出 e.g. The sun’s rays reflected on the ocean. 阳光反射在海面上。 11. Even after Abing got married and had a home again, he continued to sing and play on the streets. 甚至在阿炳结了婚，再次有了家之后，他还继续在街上唱歌，弹奏音乐。 1 get married结婚，表示动作。marry既可以用作及物动词，也可以用作不及物动词，意为“结婚；嫁；娶；与……结婚”等，常见用法如下：★★ marry sb. 嫁给某人 e.g. Mary married John last week. 上星期玛丽和约翰结婚了。 be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚 e.g. Rose got married to a doctor last month. 上个月简和一位医生结婚了。 marry sb. to sb. 表示“（父母）把女儿嫁给某人”或“为儿子娶媳妇”。 She married her daughter to a businessman.她把女儿嫁给了一个商人。 marry作不及物动词时，往往用副词或介词短语来修饰。marry一般不与介词with连用。 2 continue v. 继续，连续。★ 12. Its sad beauty not only paints a picture of Abing’s own life but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 它哀婉的美不仅描绘了一幅阿炳自己生活的图画，而且也使得人们唤起他们由于自己的悲伤带来的深深的伤口，或痛苦的经历。 1 recall v. 回忆起，回想起★★ e.g. He recalled the event suddenly. 他突然回忆起那个事件。 recall doing sth. 回想起做某事 recall + 宾语 + to + 名词 表示“使想起，使回想”。 e.g. Your story recalled my younger days to me. 你的故事让我回想起年轻的时候。 2 wound n. 伤，伤口，创伤。★ 辨析injure, hurt, wound injure为动词，一般指由于意外或事故而造成损伤。 hurt为一般用语，可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，可作名词或动词。 wound指战斗中的创伤、伤口，可作名词或动词。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$