专题21 短文填空（考点精讲）-【中职专用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（山东专用）

专题21 短文填空 中职高考英语一轮复习 1 考纲要求·考情分析 01 考点突破·考法探究 03 目 录 04 课堂小结·查漏补缺 02 知识清单·网络构建 2 01 考纲要求·考情分析 3 1.掌握词类转换知识的用法 。 2. 掌握短语的固定搭配用法。 3.掌握介词、冠词、词组的运用。 考纲要求 02 考点突破·考法探究 5 考情分析 一、题型特点分析 短文填空考查的是英语知识的综合运用。在山东省春季高考试题中一般包括一篇短文填空文章,共10个空,每空1分。短文填空旨在考查学生的单词拼写能力、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力。这种题型一方面要求考生熟练掌握词汇和语法知识,另一方面要求考生具备一定的阅读理解能力,其设置问题的方式主要有以下几种。 1.空后给出英语单词 这类题要求用所给单词的正确形式填空,主要是对词性的考查,要求考生掌握常见的词类转换知识,如派生法、转化法等,然后根据句子的语法结构来判断所填词的词性。 2.空前后没有任何提示 这类题只设一处空白，主要考查学生对词组、介词或冠词等的掌握情况,看所填词和其前后能否构成固定搭配,看整个行文逻辑是否需要介词、冠词等。3.空后给出所填词的汉语提示 这类题主要考查考生的单词记忆和拼写能力,并要求根据上下文填写其正确形式。 4.空前给出所填词的首字母 这类题也是考查考生的单词记忆和拼写能力,注意填写其正确形式。 二、解题思路 短文填空题型的解题方法主要有以下几种。 1.快速通读全文,掌握短文主旨大意 短文填空首句一般不留空,因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句,有利于考生准确地预测和推断短文的主旨大意。通读全文的同时,还要注意一些与空格相关的关键信息。 2.复读短文,依次填入答案 复读短文,需要运用以下思路解决问题。 (1)根据文章的行文逻辑来确定需要填的单词。 (2)根据句子的语法结构确定所填词。比如,名词涉及单复数、所有格;代词涉及主格、宾格、单复数以及物主代词的分类;形容词、副词涉及比较等级;动词涉及时态、语态、非谓语动词等。另外还需兼顾固定搭配和结构。 3.最后,结合所填答案,将文章再通读一到两遍,检查文章是否完整通畅。 03 知识清单·网络构建 9 【例】（2020年山东春季高考） China has made great progress in many fields recently.Here are some examples. 5G service is one of the ( ) (big)developments. It is 1,000 times as fast ( ) 4G. People can surf the Internet ( )(easy) Information can be ( )(exchange) quickly. Mobile payment is playing ( ) important part in our lives. Most Chinese people are used to( ) (pay) for almost everything with( )(they) smart phones. The HongKong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge ( ) (be) the longest sea-crossing bridge in the world. It opened to the traffic( )October 24th,2018. It can help with the trade and tourism among the three ( )(place). With all the progress, people's lives are becoming better and better. biggest as easily exchanged an paying their is on places [答案及解析] 本文主要讲了中国在很多领域都取得了很大进步。重点介绍了5G技术、移动支付和港珠澳大桥。 1. biggest “one of +the+形容词最高级十名词复数”是英语中最高级的固定搭配。表示"……是……中最……之一”。 [解题技巧] 根据关键词 one of,可以联想到“one of +the+形容词最高级十名词复数”结构。 2.as “A+be+倍数+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B”表示“A是B的几倍”。 【解题技巧] 根据关键词times(倍数)和 as可以联想到“A+be十倍数十as+形容词或副词原级+as+B”结构。 3. easily easily修饰surf the Internet. 【解题技巧] 理解副词修饰动词是解答本题的关键。形容词easy要转换成副词形式 easily. 4. exchanged本题考查被动语态。被动语态的构成是“be+动词过去分词”，故填 exchanged。 [解题技巧] 理解主语和谓语动词之间逻辑关系是解答本题的关键。本题中的主语 information 和谓语动词exchange之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。 5.an 本题考查冠词的用法。an用于读音以元音音素开头的字母或单词前。[解题技巧]解答本题的关键在于理解冠词an的用法和对元音音素的把握。 6. paying 本题考查固定结构。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。 【解题技巧]解答本题的关键在于要掌握关于used的两个短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事;be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。 7.their 本题考查代词的用法。根据文章内容可知,此处想表达的意思是“他们的智能手机”,故填 their。 【解题技巧]根据后面的名词性短语smart phones,可以推断前面应该是形容词性物主代词。 8.is 本题考查系动词的用法。本句的时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数，故填is。 04 课堂小结·查漏补缺 14 Do you know ( )(a) four ancient civilizations in the world? China is one of them.( )we all know, China has( )long history and creates many colorful cultures. The ancient culture once had ( )great influence on the world, such as Japan, South Korea and other Asian and European( )(country).Traditional Chinese painting, poem, opera, medicine, clothing, kung fu and many other kinds of cultural forms make ( )the colorful Chinese culture( )is loved by the people from all over the world. Today, the world is crazy ( ) the Chinese culture. A lot of ( ) (foreign)are interested in Chinese, and they learn the traditional thoughts from Chinese great minds.Honestly( ) (speak),if one wants to know or study chinese culture ( ) (deep), he or she must spend much time on it. ( )he can only get the tip of ( )(a)iceberg(冰山). In short, Chinese culture is colorful and ( )(wonder).As students, we should devote( )to inheriting(传承)Chinese culture. the As a a countries up which about foreigners speaking deeply Otherwise an wonderful ourselves 特指用the as we all know众所周知 has a great influence on 对...有重大影响 make up组成 定语从句，which修饰物 crazy about对...热情/疯狂 副词修饰动词 元音开头用an and并列结构 devote oneself to doing sth. 献身于...专心致志于... 一、短文填空综合运用 二、短文填空综合运用 School trip is( )opportunity to learn outside the classroom in( )(interest) ways Seeing something in real life can( )(help) you learn quickly and( )(easy).Here are some tips:A trip to a farm to see some( )and animals. Trips to old buildings as part of your history lessons. Theater trips to see plays( )you are studying in lessons. But school trips aren't always about study.Some school trips are about sports( )( active).If you are a menber of a school sports team,you might go on a special trip to compete with other school teams.School trips to places like Disneyland can get you to learn new things without even( )(realize)it!School trips are a natural way to learn more about the real world. an interesting help easily plants that/which activities realizing 元音开头前加an 修饰物用ing 情态动词加动词原形 and并列结构 定语从句修饰物 可数名词复数 without是介词+doing 三、短文填空综合运用 There are lots of ( ) around us now. They don't do it for money; they do it only for( )(happy)or others. ( )a young student,helping other people is a major purpose. If I have a chance to join a volunteer club and to be a volunteer, I will try my ( )(better) to help others. I am good at math and science, so Ican help my classmates ( )are in trouble if I am free.I can teach young students paint because I am good at ( )(draw).And I am good at singing, so I can sing songs to cheer the sick people ( )in the hospital. Also,I can help the old people in the old ( )(people) home.I can clean the floor and do housework, because I think the old people will be very tired if they do the housework by ( )(them). Except these, there are so many things I can do. Not only do I feel good about helping others, ( ) also I do something( )(use). So I think I should study hard to improve my( )(skill), and I will help others in the future. volunteers happiness As best who drawing people’s up themselves but useful skills 根据前面的money得出填名词形式 try one’s best to do sth. 定语从句 be good at doing 名词所有格 by加反身代词 不定代词放在形容词之前 not only...but also... 名词复数 Thank You！ 18 $$