专题06 语法填空（考点精讲）-2025年“3+证书”高考英语二轮复习专项突破（广东专用）

06语法填空 【考纲解读】 广东省高职高考英语试题中的语法填空是在一篇约150词的短文中留出10个空白处，部分空白处的后面括号中给出单词的基本形式，要求考生按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。主要考查考生在篇章层面对语法和语用知识的掌握情况。要求考生能将语法知识运用于语篇语境中，注重语法知识在实际语言中的运用能力。本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。 从考点归纳来看，语法填空的题型可以分为以下两种。 1. 有提示词。 (1)名词——考查名词的数的变化、格的变化或名词转换成形容词、动词等。 (2)代词——考查人称代词的格、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 (3)形容词——考查形容词的比较级、最高级或形容词转换成名词、副词等。 (4)副词——考查副词的比较级、最高级或副词转换成形容词等。 (5)动词——考查动词的时态、语态及非谓语动词或动词转换成名词、形容词等。 2. 无提示词。 (1)冠词——考查定冠词和不定冠词。 (2)it——考查其作为形式主语或形式宾语的情况。 (3)介词——考查介词词组的固定搭配。 (4)连词——考查and, but, or及各类从句的引导词。 (5)固定短语搭配——考查give up, look forward to等常用的短语。 (6)程度副词、频度副词等——考查then, ever, never, too, already, yet, even, very, rather, so, still等. 【考点精讲】 【应试技巧】 · 先读首句，预猜文章大意；（若猜不出文章大意，就快速浏览全文）； · 边读边填 ；（看要填的空有无提示词，有，是哪些词？用以上的方法去套用） 考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。【分配：名词 + 动词 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】 · 有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比如3-4个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词） · 构词法：根据句子确定词性，再根据构词法知识进行词形式变化。 【有提示词】 · 一、名词： 1.名词常出的考点：名词单复数，考查名词的数、名词的所有格和名词的搭配。 (1)名词单复数：一般情况+s；以字母s,x,ch,sh等结尾+es；以辅音字母加y结尾改y为i再加es；以f或者fe结尾，改f/fe为v再加es;以o结尾,o前为辅音音素时加-es,o前为元音音素时加-s (2)名词所有格： a.单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s. b.复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节; Women’s Day三八节。 c.由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间）, Mike’ s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间） 2.名词词形技巧：主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。 典例示范 1.Though he was facing all these 　 　(difficulty),he refused to give up his hope of living. 2.Today is June 1st, and it's (child) Day. 3.Dr Smith created a game to be played, the (safe) of the players was important. 即学即练 1. Ben’s dad put some (piece) of wood over the windows. 2. She also put some candles and (match) on the tables. 3. People love to play games with their language. We start doing this as ________ (child). 4. They have to stand still and keep eyes open for several ________ (hour). 5. Many ________ (America) are learning to climb in city gyms. 6. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can save ________ (patient)lives,” Cai said, “There are still a lot of people who are afraid of the virus. 7. The wallpaper with cartoon patterns is ideal for my (son) room. 8. In 1920, the 　　　　　　 (world) first three-color traffic light was put to use. 9. A Christmas Carol was written to make every reader think about how they could make a 　　　　 (different) to their society. 10.He is one of the (science) who support this theory. · 二、代词： 1.考点： (1).若提示词为代词，一般考查人称代词主格和宾格的转换； (2).人称代词、物主代词、反身代词相关知识点以及相互转化； (3).指示代词单复数的变化； (4).不定代词的固定用法等； (5).【无提示词】类型也会考查代词，当句中缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填人称代词。 人称 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 I(am) 我 me我 my我的 mine我的 we(are)我们 us我们 our我们的 ours 我们的 第二人称 you(are)你 you你 your你的 yours你的 you(are)你们 you你们 your你们的 yours你们的 第三人称 he(is)他 him他 his他的 his他的 she(is)她 her她 her她的 hers她的 it(is)它 it它 its它的 its它的 they （她/他/它）们 them（她/他/它）们 their（她/他/它）们的 theirs（她/他/它）们的 · 反身代词：表示“某人自己”的代词，英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，有人称和数的变化。反身代词是人称代词的强调形式，一般用在宾语和主语是同一人的情况下，或用来强调某人亲自怎样。 反身代词的构成：第一人称和第二人称是“ 物主代词＋self / selves ” 第三人称是“ 宾格代词＋self / selves” 单数形式是加-self，复数形式是加selves 重点记忆下面的短语： by＋oneself 某人独自 enjoy oneself＝have a good time 玩得开心 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to… 随便吃、喝…… 典例示范 1.It was a pity that she didn’t live to celebrate 　1　(she) 100th birthday. 2.Jack is only four years old. He is too young to look after ________.(he) 3.Betty went to a party last night and she enjoyed ________ (her) very much. 即学即练 1.A man who called _______(he) Tom . 2.—Excuse me, I’m looking for my umbrella. —Oh,sorry. I took (you)by mistake. 3.Many poets, such as Bai Juyi and Jia Dao, used the word “lunch” in _____（they）poems. · 三、动词： 1. 考点： (1)谓语动词：常出现在主语之后。有时and 会并列谓语动词，注意分析句子结构。谓语动词考察时态或语态， 1　 时态：常考一般现在时的单三形式以及一般过去时过去式的正确使用。在分析时态时，注意扫览上下文的时态，以及本句当中是否有时态的时间状语提示词。 2　 语态：被动语态基础框架为be +done，二者缺一不可，考察被动语态时，主语通常为物；所在空后常出现by。注意被动语态与时态的混合考察，如现在完成时的被动语态。 典例示范 1.Maybe someone ________ (feel)　too bad or someone not. 2.We had a taste of the birthday cake and ________ (sing) the birthday song for Simon. 3.Helen________ (want) to go to the movie with her friends on weekends. 即学即练 1.It ________ (be) ten years since he left his hometown. 2.Last week, John fell off from his bike and ________ (break) his leg. 3.By the end of the last term we ________ (study) English for 2 years. 4.Sarah ________ (be) to many places of interest in Beijing already. 5.Tina worked very hard and finally ________ (catch) up with others. 6.More than 200 books ________ (send) to the studentsin this village since 2010. 7.I’ll finish the task if I ________ (give) ten more minutes. 8.Every year, a lot of trees ________ (grow) in the parksin Changsha. (2)非谓语动词：一般英语中一个简单句，有且只能有一个核心的谓语动词，扫览全句，如果前面或后面有体现时态或语态的动词，则所填动词为非谓语。常考点为to do, doing, done. 1　 to do: a.固定搭配, 如 plan to do; decide to do, would like to do… b.表去做，或将要做的动作 2　 doing: a.固定搭配, 如：suggest doing; practice doing, finish doing… b.表正在进行的动作，或表主动 c.在介词后，常加doing 3　 done: 表被动 常用于被动语态，前面通常有be动词 典例示范 1.The more we read it , the better we can remember it. So I suggest _______(read) the new words aloud! 2.Press a button on one side of the pillow, then it starts________ (talk). 3.Robot looks like a bucket on wheels. It moves quickly around the store, ________ (choose) items and putting them into a shopping basket. 即学即练 1.I think Ann doesn’t mind ________ (give) her dictionary to you. 2.I am looking forward to ________ (go) to senior high school next year. 3.The little match girl had nothing ________ (eat) and died of hunger and cold on a cold morning. 4.Tom has been practicing ________ (speak) English so hard that he has made great progress. 5.________ (swim)is my favorite when I am on summer vacation on the beach. 6.Some boys can’t wait ________ (play) football after schools. · 四、形容词&副词： 1. 考点： (1)形容词与副词的转换。通常在词尾加ly 变成同意义的副词，形容词修饰名词，或用于主系表的结构；副词常修饰动词、形容词或全句。 (2)形容词比较级和最高级。比较级考察时通常所在空后会有than, 或所在空前有修饰比较级的词语如much, a little, even, far..；最高级考察时，所在空前常伴有the；且最高级常与one of 连用。 (3)变反义词。注意读准题，结合语境进行词性和词义的判断。 典例示范 1.Both of us were________ (excite) to see each other and we spent the whole afternoon talking about things and persons that we remembered at school. 2.And most are willing to face________ (brave) to the tough economic times by finding a positive side to use less and save ________ (many). 3.The Spring Festival is one of ________ ( meaningful) festivals in China. 4.For David, it was a/an ________ (luck) day because he fell down from the bicycle. 即学即练 1.This box is ________ (heavy) than that one. 2.Mrs. Black has got a little ________ (bad) instead of getting any better. 3.Perhaps one of the ________ (good) fears of all I had as a child was that of not being liked or accepted by others. 4.On some websites, you can download music and films. They are ________ (usual) very cheap and some are even free. 5.I was really afraid of the dark and of getting lost. These fears were very real and caused me some ________ (comfortable) moments. 6.The world’s ________ (high) mountain is in need of cleaning. A team of volunteers flew to Mount Everest some days ago to clean up tons of trash on the mountain by its climbers. 【答案】1.heavier 2.worse 3.best 4.usually 5.uncomfortable 6.highest · 五、数词： 1. 考点：基数词变序数词 一二三特殊变 one，two，three first，second，third 四到十九加th，特殊情况向右看 five，nine，twelve fifth，ninth，twelfth 整十数变化 twenty，thirty twentieth，thirtieth 基数词变次数：一次once两次twice 典例示范 1.In 1947, she traveled by plane for the 　5　(one) time. 2.Scientists found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or 　8　(two) a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. 即学即练 1. Today we will learn the ___________ (twelve) lesson. 2. Is it in the _________ (two) floor？ 3. I go shopping ( two ) a month. 4. I think the _________ (eight) lesson is difficult. 3. 【无提示词】 · 六、介词： 1.考点： (1).语法填空中对介词的考查，通常会以【无提示词】类型出现。如果名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词； (2).除介词基本用法外，还会考查介词与动词、名词、形容词间的固定搭配。 介词in/on/at+时间 in+年/季节/月份 （较长的时间） on+具体某一天/具体某天的早中晚（周一/五月一日/寒冷的早上） at+具体时间点 含有介词的固定搭配，常考介词含义： for 为了，因为，对……而言 about 关于 with 和，用，有，随着 without 没有 in 在……里面/在……地方 on 在……上面 2.常用介词短语 in短语:in fact 事实上 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 in a hurry 匆忙 in the middle of 在…中间 in time (on time) 及时 in public 公众，公开地 in order to 为了… in front of 在……前面 in the end 最后，终于 on短语:on one’ s way to 某人在去…的路上 on foot 步行 on the other hand 另一方面 on the weekend 在周末 on the left (right) 在左(右)边on the other side of 在…另一边 at短语: at once 立刻 at last 最后 at first 首先 at the age of... 在…岁时 at the end of...在…之末 at the beginning of... 在…之初 at the foot of... 在…脚下 at the same time 同时 典例示范 1.David decided to go home alone _____ foot. 2.Parents and schools have an important role 　10　making healthy foods available to children.”  3.As Drossard waited　6　 help to arrive, he told the woman that she was beautiful 即学即练 1.I’ve ordered some flowers for grandma and they will arrive _____ two hours. 2.To my surprise, the twins have nothing ________ common. 3.You can improve your English ________ listening to some English songs. 4.The ancient town has been open to visitors ________ about 10 years. 5.His opinions are similar ________ yours. 6.On Thanksgiving Day, I decide to make some presents ________ hand and give them to our dear teachers ________ person. · 五、冠词： 1. 考点：冠词包括定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an） (1).语法填空中对冠词的考查，通常会以【无提示词】类型出现，一般来说若名词前面没有限定词（形物代、不定代词、冠词等），则很可能填冠词； (2).下列情况很有可能填不定冠词 1　 _________+可数名词（单数） 2　 _________+形容词+可数名词（单数） (3).下列情况很有可能填定冠词 1　 _________（+定语）+名词+of 等介词短语（表示特指） 2　 _________（+定语）+名词+定语从句（表示特指） 3　 _________（+定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表示特指）  (4).不用冠词的情况 1　 在专有名词前和不可数名词前。 China, Grade Two, Bill Smith, milk  2　 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词。 3　 复数名词表示一类人或事物时。 4　 在星期、月份、季节、节日前。 5　 在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。 6　 在三餐饭和球类运动的名称前。     7　  在某些固定词组中，如：at home, by bus, go to school 等的名词前不用冠词。 典例示范 1.Ben watched Tom and Jerry yesterday. _____ cartoon made him laugh. 2.During the summer vacation, _____ exchange student named Wang Ying got to Washington, the capital of America. 3.Who is young lady with curly blonde hair? 即学即练 1.Tony is a kind boy and I’m very lucky to have ___ friend like him. 2.This photo makes me think of _____ trip to the Great Wall last year. 3.Mr.Smith has 8-year-old daughter who has won two national painting prizes. 4.I couldn’t find the way back. I tried different ways. However, I was still in ____ same place. 5.Later itstarted to rain, I didn’t have ___ umbrella so I was wet and cold. 6.One evening when it was warm, she stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven to look at ____ moon by herself. 7.____ first Chinese team reached the top in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Taibei from Japan in 1975. 8.Before he was sent, this boy was ____very excellent student in his class. · 六、连词： 1. 考点： (1).语法填空对于连词的考查，同样也是以【无提示词】类型出现，主要通过分析句子结构确定所需连词； (2).一般空格前后是两个句子（即两个主谓结构），且句子之间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从属连词 。根据上下文之间的联系确定相互之间属于并列、转折、选择还是因果等关系； 常考连词：and，but, or，so，when，where, why, that, however，before，after... (3).针对三大从句（状从、宾从和定从）引导词的考查，首先要判断从句类型，然后根据引导词的种类以及功能来确定具体的引导词。 2. 策略： ① 通读全文，理解大意；② 分析句子，确定词性 ③ 根据语义，确定词形；④ 检查搭配，前后连贯 典例示范 1.Office workers tried to put out the fire, ____ it was impossible to control it. 2.Victoria, hurry up_____ we can’t arrive there on time. 3.Think it over, ________ you’ll work out the math problem. 即学即练 1.Bob, dinner isready. Please wash your hands ________ you eat. 2.The traffic policeman took away Jim’s driver’s license ________ he broke the traffic rules of drunk driving. 3.________ I live near the sea, I don’t like swimming. 4.My mother wasn’t at home yesterday, ________ I had to cook dinner for myself. 5.________ you can’t answer this question, we have to ask someone else for help. 6.Love from parentsislike the wind—you can’t see it ________ you can feel it. · 七、代词（关系词、连接词）： 1. 考点： 宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目，每年各个省市的中考题都能渉及到这方面的题型，主要考查三个方面的内容：语序，连接词和时态。宾语从句重点考查四个方面，即：时态、语序、引导词和人称。 定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句。重点考查关系代词与关系副词用法。 状语从句由从属连词引导，共分九大类状语从句。中考需重点掌握各类连词词义辨析及各类状语从句含义，同义句转换也是中考主要考查形式。考题以单项选择和完形填空选项中出现。 1）宾从：主语+谓语+空格+句子 连接词 （1） that (宾从不缺成分和语义） （2） if/whether （宾从不缺成分，缺少“是否”语义） （3） what/how/why/who/when/where等疑问词 2）定从：完整句子（一般空格前为名词或代词）+空格+缺少主语或宾语句子 关系词主要考that/who/which/whose 3）状从：完整句子+空格+完整句子 连接词 because因为/when当……时/if如果/although尽管/so…that如此…以至于… 1.Could you tell me ____ you bought the stamps?In the post office on Green Road.典例示范 2.I admire the people _______ are honest and hard-working. 3.Do you give up easily __________ you meet difficulties in your life? 即学即练 1.Ms Li is a good teacher ________ is skilled in encouraging her students. 2.The couple spent some time discussing ______ they would visit first in Rome. 3.Ms Li is a good teacher ________ is skilled in encouraging her students. 4.I will remember the first teachers ________ have had a great influence on my life. 【真题练手】 阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Mary joined a company recently. She did well in her projects and gave support to other team members when needed. However, some of them did not like ____46____ (she) active performance. They created ____47____ (problem) for her. They did not accept her ideas or ask her ____48____ (attend) meetings. The work Mary once enjoyed now started to give her stress. She was planning to quit. One day while Mary ____49____ (have) lunch, Carol, the manager came and sat next to her. She noticed that Mary was ____50____ (happy) and asked, “any problems?” Let me see if I could help. Mary told carol ____51____ had happened. After listening to her, Carol said, “please come ____52____ my house for dinner tomorrow.” Mary went to Carol’s house. Before dinner, Mary ____53____ (ask) to put some potatoes and eggs in a pot and boil them for a while. “Look”, Carol said, “we cook them in the same water, ____54____ the results are different. Potatoes became soft while eggs turn hard. When you give up, you become an ____55____ (boil) egg, hard to break.” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 06语法填空 【考纲解读】 广东省高职高考英语试题中的语法填空是在一篇约150词的短文中留出10个空白处，部分空白处的后面括号中给出单词的基本形式，要求考生按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。主要考查考生在篇章层面对语法和语用知识的掌握情况。要求考生能将语法知识运用于语篇语境中，注重语法知识在实际语言中的运用能力。本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。 从考点归纳来看，语法填空的题型可以分为以下两种。 1. 有提示词。 (1)名词——考查名词的数的变化、格的变化或名词转换成形容词、动词等。 (2)代词——考查人称代词的格、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 (3)形容词——考查形容词的比较级、最高级或形容词转换成名词、副词等。 (4)副词——考查副词的比较级、最高级或副词转换成形容词等。 (5)动词——考查动词的时态、语态及非谓语动词或动词转换成名词、形容词等。 2. 无提示词。 (1)冠词——考查定冠词和不定冠词。 (2)it——考查其作为形式主语或形式宾语的情况。 (3)介词——考查介词词组的固定搭配。 (4)连词——考查and, but, or及各类从句的引导词。 (5)固定短语搭配——考查give up, look forward to等常用的短语。 (6)程度副词、频度副词等——考查then, ever, never, too, already, yet, even, very, rather, so, still等. 【考点精讲】 【应试技巧】 · 先读首句，预猜文章大意；（若猜不出文章大意，就快速浏览全文）； · 边读边填 ；（看要填的空有无提示词，有，是哪些词？用以上的方法去套用） 考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。【分配：名词 + 动词 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】 · 有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比如3-4个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词） · 构词法：根据句子确定词性，再根据构词法知识进行词形式变化。 【有提示词】 · 一、名词： 1.名词常出的考点：名词单复数，考查名词的数、名词的所有格和名词的搭配。 (1)名词单复数：一般情况+s；以字母s,x,ch,sh等结尾+es；以辅音字母加y结尾改y为i再加es；以f或者fe结尾，改f/fe为v再加es;以o结尾,o前为辅音音素时加-es,o前为元音音素时加-s (2)名词所有格： a.单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s. b.复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节; Women’s Day三八节。 c.由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间）, Mike’ s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间） 2.名词词形技巧：主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。 典例示范 1.Though he was facing all these 　 　(difficulty),he refused to give up his hope of living. 【解析】：difficulties　本题考查名词复数。设空处前是these,因此使用复数形式。 2.Today is June 1st, and it's (child) Day. 【解析】：Children’s 本题考查名词所有格，此处是节日，所以要注意专有名词大写。 3.Dr Smith created a game to be played, the (safe) of the players was important. 【解析】：safety 本题考查名词固定搭配，the + n. +of 的固定搭配。 即学即练 1. Ben’s dad put some (piece) of wood over the windows. 2. She also put some candles and (match) on the tables. 3. People love to play games with their language. We start doing this as ________ (child). 4. They have to stand still and keep eyes open for several ________ (hour). 5. Many ________ (America) are learning to climb in city gyms. 6. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can save ________ (patient)lives,” Cai said, “There are still a lot of people who are afraid of the virus. 7. The wallpaper with cartoon patterns is ideal for my (son) room. 8. In 1920, the 　　　　　　 (world) first three-color traffic light was put to use. 9. A Christmas Carol was written to make every reader think about how they could make a 　　　　 (different) to their society. 10.He is one of the (science) who support this theory. 【答案】1.pieces 2.matches 3.children 4.hours 5.Americans 6.patients’s 7.son's 8.world's 9.difference 10.scientists · 二、代词： 1.考点： (1).若提示词为代词，一般考查人称代词主格和宾格的转换； (2).人称代词、物主代词、反身代词相关知识点以及相互转化； (3).指示代词单复数的变化； (4).不定代词的固定用法等； (5).【无提示词】类型也会考查代词，当句中缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填人称代词。 人称 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 I(am) 我 me我 my我的 mine我的 we(are)我们 us我们 our我们的 ours 我们的 第二人称 you(are)你 you你 your你的 yours你的 you(are)你们 you你们 your你们的 yours你们的 第三人称 he(is)他 him他 his他的 his他的 she(is)她 her她 her她的 hers她的 it(is)它 it它 its它的 its它的 they （她/他/它）们 them（她/他/它）们 their（她/他/它）们的 theirs（她/他/它）们的 · 反身代词：表示“某人自己”的代词，英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，有人称和数的变化。反身代词是人称代词的强调形式，一般用在宾语和主语是同一人的情况下，或用来强调某人亲自怎样。 反身代词的构成：第一人称和第二人称是“ 物主代词＋self / selves ” 第三人称是“ 宾格代词＋self / selves” 单数形式是加-self，复数形式是加selves 重点记忆下面的短语： by＋oneself 某人独自 enjoy oneself＝have a good time 玩得开心 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to… 随便吃、喝…… 典例示范 1.It was a pity that she didn’t live to celebrate 　1　(she) 100th birthday. her　设空处后为100th birthday,因此使用形容词性物主代词。 2.Jack is only four years old. He is too young to look after ________.(he) himself 设空处宾语和主语都是he，因此look after himself,照顾好他自己。 3.Betty went to a party last night and she enjoyed ________ (her) very much. herself 设空处前为enjoyed, 因此用enjoy herself玩得开心。 即学即练 1.A man who called _______(he) Tom . 2.—Excuse me, I’m looking for my umbrella. —Oh,sorry. I took (you)by mistake. 3.Many poets, such as Bai Juyi and Jia Dao, used the word “lunch” in _____（they）poems. 【答案】1.himself 2.yours 3.their · 三、动词： 1. 考点： (1)谓语动词：常出现在主语之后。有时and 会并列谓语动词，注意分析句子结构。谓语动词考察时态或语态， 1　 时态：常考一般现在时的单三形式以及一般过去时过去式的正确使用。在分析时态时，注意扫览上下文的时态，以及本句当中是否有时态的时间状语提示词。 2　 语态：被动语态基础框架为be +done，二者缺一不可，考察被动语态时，主语通常为物；所在空后常出现by。注意被动语态与时态的混合考察，如现在完成时的被动语态。 典例示范 1.Maybe someone ________ (feel)　too bad or someone not. 【解析】题目中：所给词是动词，考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；feel 为谓语动词，谓语动词看时态和语态，其主语为someone 不定代词，时态一般现在时，主动语态，不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单三，所以填feels。 2.We had a taste of the birthday cake and ________ (sing) the birthday song for Simon. 【解析】题目中：所给词是动词，and并列谓语动词；前面的谓语是had,所以这一空应该用过去式，所以填sang。 3.Helen________ (want) to go to the movie with her friends on weekends. 【解析】题目中：所给词是动词，在句子中作谓语，根据on weekends,可知时态是一般现在时，谓语前面的主语是Helen，所以谓语动词用三单，所以填wants。 即学即练 1.It ________ (be) ten years since he left his hometown. 2.Last week, John fell off from his bike and ________ (break) his leg. 3.By the end of the last term we ________ (study) English for 2 years. 4.Sarah ________ (be) to many places of interest in Beijing already. 5.Tina worked very hard and finally ________ (catch) up with others. 6.More than 200 books ________ (send) to the studentsin this village since 2010. 7.I’ll finish the task if I ________ (give) ten more minutes. 8.Every year, a lot of trees ________ (grow) in the parksin Changsha. 【答案】1.has been 2.broke 3.has studied 4.has been 5.caught 6.have been sent 7.am given 8.are grown (2)非谓语动词：一般英语中一个简单句，有且只能有一个核心的谓语动词，扫览全句，如果前面或后面有体现时态或语态的动词，则所填动词为非谓语。常考点为to do, doing, done. 1　 to do: a.固定搭配, 如 plan to do; decide to do, would like to do… b.表去做，或将要做的动作 2　 doing: a.固定搭配, 如：suggest doing; practice doing, finish doing… b.表正在进行的动作，或表主动 c.在介词后，常加doing 3　 done: 表被动 常用于被动语态，前面通常有be动词 典例示范 1.The more we read it , the better we can remember it. So I suggest _______(read) the new words aloud! 【解析】题目中：所给词是动词，考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；suggest 为谓语动词，则read为非谓语，固定搭配：suggest doing 建议做某事。 2.Press a button on one side of the pillow, then it starts________ (talk). 【解析】题目中：所给词是动词，考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；starts 为谓语动词，则talk为非谓语，固定搭配：start to do/doing，固定搭配，表示开始做，所以填talking。 3.Robot looks like a bucket on wheels. It moves quickly around the store, ________ (choose) items and putting them into a shopping basket. 【解析】题目中：所给词是动词，考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；moves 为谓语动词，则choose为非谓语，表示主动，所以填choosing. 即学即练 1.I think Ann doesn’t mind ________ (give) her dictionary to you. 2.I am looking forward to ________ (go) to senior high school next year. 3.The little match girl had nothing ________ (eat) and died of hunger and cold on a cold morning. 4.Tom has been practicing ________ (speak) English so hard that he has made great progress. 5.________ (swim)is my favorite when I am on summer vacation on the beach. 6.Some boys can’t wait ________ (play) football after schools. 【答案】1.giving 2.going 3.to eat 4.speaking 5.Swimming 6.to play · 四、形容词&副词： 1. 考点： (1).形容词与副词的转换。通常在词尾加ly 变成同意义的副词，形容词修饰名词，或用于主系表的结构；副词常修饰动词、形容词或全句。 (2).形容词比较级和最高级。比较级考察时通常所在空后会有than, 或所在空前有修饰比较级的词语如much, a little, even, far..；最高级考察时，所在空前常伴有the；且最高级常与one of 连用。 (3).变反义词。注意读准题，结合语境进行词性和词义的判断。 典例示范 1.Both of us were________ (excite) to see each other and we spent the whole afternoon talking about things and persons that we remembered at school. 【解析】题目中：excited 激动的，兴奋的。此句主语为人，且形容人的状态。通常此类形容词常考ed 结尾修饰人， ing结尾修饰物，注意判断修饰对象。 2.And most are willing to face________ (brave) to the tough economic times by finding a positive side to use less and save ________ (many). 【解析】题目中：brave 勇敢的。此空前face，意为面对，指的是动作，所以此处应该用副词修饰动词bravely；第二空由前面的“use less”，由句意和结构可知，第二空应该用比较级more。 3.The Spring Festival is one of ________ ( meaningful) festivals in China. 【解析】题目中：最高级常用句型 one of + the +最高级+n.复数，可知这一空应该用最高级，空中所给提示词meaningful 为多音节，所以应填，most meaningful。 4.For David, it was a/an ________ (luck) day because he fell down from the bicycle. 【解析】题目中：空后为day名词词性，可知这一空应该用形容词修饰名词，但是根据句意可知，应该不幸运的一天所以填，unlucky。 即学即练 1.This box is ________ (heavy) than that one. 2.Mrs. Black has got a little ________ (bad) instead of getting any better. 3.Perhaps one of the ________ (good) fears of all I had as a child was that of not being liked or accepted by others. 4.On some websites, you can download music and films. They are ________ (usual) very cheap and some are even free. 5.I was really afraid of the dark and of getting lost. These fears were very real and caused me some ________ (comfortable) moments. 6.The world’s ________ (high) mountain is in need of cleaning. A team of volunteers flew to Mount Everest some days ago to clean up tons of trash on the mountain by its climbers. 【答案】1.heavier 2.worse 3.best 4.usually 5.uncomfortable 6.highest · 五、数词： 1. 考点： 基数词变序数词 一二三特殊变 one，two，three first，second，third 四到十九加th，特殊情况向右看 five，nine，twelve fifth，ninth，twelfth 整十数变化 twenty，thirty twentieth，thirtieth 基数词变次数：一次once两次twice 典例示范 1.In 1947, she traveled by plane for the 　5　(one) time. 【解析】题目中：设空处前出现冠词the,因此使用其序数词形式，所以填first。 2.Scientists found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or 　8　(two) a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. 【解析】题目中：句意:科学家们发现每周吃一到两次辣椒的人比那些每周吃辣椒少于一次的人死亡率低10%，所以填twice。 即学即练 1. Today we will learn the ___________ (twelve) lesson. 2. Is it in the _________ (two) floor？ 3. I go shopping ( two ) a month. 4. I think the _________ (eight) lesson is difficult. 【答案】1.twelfth 2.second 3.twice 4.eighth 3. 【无提示词】 · 六、介词： 1.考点： (1).语法填空中对介词的考查，通常会以【无提示词】类型出现。如果名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词； (2).除介词基本用法外，还会考查介词与动词、名词、形容词间的固定搭配。 介词in/on/at+时间 in+年/季节/月份 （较长的时间） on+具体某一天/具体某天的早中晚（周一/五月一日/寒冷的早上） at+具体时间点 含有介词的固定搭配，常考介词含义： for 为了，因为，对……而言 about 关于 with 和，用，有，随着 without 没有 in 在……里面/在……地方 on 在……上面 2.常用介词短语 in短语:in fact 事实上 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 in a hurry 匆忙 in the middle of 在…中间 in time (on time) 及时 in public 公众，公开地 in order to 为了… in front of 在……前面 in the end 最后，终于 on短语:on one’ s way to 某人在去…的路上 on foot 步行 on the other hand 另一方面 on the weekend 在周末 on the left (right) 在左(右)边on the other side of 在…另一边 at短语: at once 立刻 at last 最后 at first 首先 at the age of... 在…岁时 at the end of...在…之末 at the beginning of... 在…之初 at the foot of... 在…脚下 at the same time 同时 典例示范 1.David decided to go home alone _____ foot. 【解析】题目中：空后为foot，这里固定搭配“用脚走”，所以填on。 2.Parents and schools have an important role 　10　making healthy foods available to children.”  【解析】题目中：固定搭配have an important role in在……方面起着重要的作用，所以填in。 3.As Drossard waited　6　 help to arrive, he told the woman that she was beautiful 【解析】题目中：固定搭配的使用“wait for”等待。 即学即练 1.I’ve ordered some flowers for grandma and they will arrive _____ two hours. 2.To my surprise, the twins have nothing ________ common. 3.You can improve your English ________ listening to some English songs. 4.The ancient town has been open to visitors ________ about 10 years. 5.His opinions are similar ________ yours. 6.On Thanksgiving Day, I decide to make some presents ________ hand and give them to our dear teachers ________ person. 【答案】1.in 2.in 3.by 4.for 5.to 6.by;in · 五、冠词： 1. 考点：冠词包括定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an） (1).语法填空中对冠词的考查，通常会以【无提示词】类型出现，一般来说若名词前面没有限定词（形物代、不定代词、冠词等），则很可能填冠词； (2).下列情况很有可能填不定冠词 1　 _________+可数名词（单数） 2　 _________+形容词+可数名词（单数） (3).下列情况很有可能填定冠词 1　 _________（+定语）+名词+of 等介词短语（表示特指） 2　 _________（+定语）+名词+定语从句（表示特指） 3　 _________（+定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表示特指）  (4).不用冠词的情况 1　 在专有名词前和不可数名词前。 China, Grade Two, Bill Smith, milk  2　 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词。 3　 复数名词表示一类人或事物时。 4　 在星期、月份、季节、节日前。 5　 在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。 6　 在三餐饭和球类运动的名称前。     7　  在某些固定词组中，如：at home, by bus, go to school 等的名词前不用冠词。 典例示范 1.Ben watched Tom and Jerry yesterday. _____ cartoon made him laugh. 【解析】题目中：本昨天看了《汤姆和杰瑞》。 这部卡通片使他笑了。考查冠词辨析。此空特指前文提到的《汤姆和杰瑞》这部卡通片，所以用冠词the表特指。 2.During the summer vacation, _____ exchange student named Wang Ying got to Washington, the capital of America. 【解析】题目中：题目中填空处的句意为“一个交换生名叫”，又因为“exchange”是以元音发音，所以填an。 3.Who is young lady with curly blonde hair? 【解析】题目中：本句中 lady后有介词短语with curly blonde hair作定语，表示特指，名词前加the。【辨析】：a/an：表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个，经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时，起介绍作用，表示一个。a用于辅音因素开头的可数名词单数前，an用于元音因素开头的可数名词单数前；定冠词the表示特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，以区别于同类中其他的人或事物，特指前文出现过的事物或说话双方都知道的事物。 即学即练 1.Tony is a kind boy and I’m very lucky to have ___ friend like him. 2.This photo makes me think of _____ trip to the Great Wall last year. 3.Mr.Smith has 8-year-old daughter who has won two national painting prizes. 4.I couldn’t find the way back. I tried different ways. However, I was still in ____ same place. 5.Later itstarted to rain, I didn’t have ___ umbrella so I was wet and cold. 6.One evening when it was warm, she stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven to look at ____ moon by herself. 7.____ first Chinese team reached the top in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Taibei from Japan in 1975. 8.Before he was sent, this boy was ____very excellent student in his class. 【答案】1.a 2.the 3.an 4.the 5.an 6.the 7.The 8.a · 六、连词： 1. 考点： (1).语法填空对于连词的考查，同样也是以【无提示词】类型出现，主要通过分析句子结构确定所需连词； (2).一般空格前后是两个句子（即两个主谓结构），且句子之间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从属连词 。根据上下文之间的联系确定相互之间属于并列、转折、选择还是因果等关系； 常考连词：and，but, or，so，when，where, why, that, however，before，after... (3).针对三大从句（状从、宾从和定从）引导词的考查，首先要判断从句类型，然后根据引导词的种类以及功能来确定具体的引导词。 2. 策略： ① 通读全文，理解大意；② 分析句子，确定词性 ③ 根据语义，确定词形；④ 检查搭配，前后连贯 典例示范 1.Office workers tried to put out the fire, ____ it was impossible to control it. 【解析】题目中：句意“工作人员尝试去扑灭火”与“这不可能控制它”两句之间的逻辑为转折，所以填but 2.Victoria, hurry up_____ we can’t arrive there on time. 【解析】题目中：句意“赶快”与“我们不能及时到达”之间应该用“否则”，所以填or。 3.Think it over, ________ you’ll work out the math problem. 【解析】题目中：需要表示顺承，所以填and。 即学即练 1.Bob, dinner isready. Please wash your hands ________ you eat. 2.The traffic policeman took away Jim’s driver’s license ________ he broke the traffic rules of drunk driving. 3.________ I live near the sea, I don’t like swimming. 4.My mother wasn’t at home yesterday, ________ I had to cook dinner for myself. 5.________ you can’t answer this question, we have to ask someone else for help. 6.Love from parentsislike the wind—you can’t see it ________ you can feel it. 【答案】1.before 2.because 3.Although/Though 4.so 5.If 6.but · 七、代词（关系词、连接词）： 1. 考点： 宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目，每年各个省市的中考题都能渉及到这方面的题型，主要考查三个方面的内容：语序，连接词和时态。宾语从句重点考查四个方面，即：时态、语序、引导词和人称。 定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句。重点考查关系代词与关系副词用法。 状语从句由从属连词引导，共分九大类状语从句。中考需重点掌握各类连词词义辨析及各类状语从句含义，同义句转换也是中考主要考查形式。考题以单项选择和完形填空选项中出现。 1）宾从：主语+谓语+空格+句子 连接词 （1） that (宾从不缺成分和语义） （2） if/whether （宾从不缺成分，缺少“是否”语义） （3） what/how/why/who/when/where等疑问词 2）定从：完整句子（一般空格前为名词或代词）+空格+缺少主语或宾语句子 关系词主要考that/who/which/whose 3）状从：完整句子+空格+完整句子 连接词 because因为/when当……时/if如果/although尽管/so…that如此…以至于… 1.Could you tell me ____ you bought the stamps?In the post office on Green Road.典例示范 【解析】题目中：句意，请你告诉我你在 买到了这些邮票？在格林路的邮局。分析：考查宾语从句的用法，从句体现陈述语序，同时，结合答语体现询问地点，因此引导词用where。 2.I admire the people _______ are honest and hard-working. 【解析】题目中：句意，我钦佩那些诚实勤奋的人。考查定语从句，先行词是the people，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。 3.Do you give up easily __________ you meet difficulties in your life? 【解析】题目中：根据“Do you give up easily ... you meet difficulties in your life?”可知，此处是指当你遇到困难你会放弃吗，meet为终止性动词，用when引导时间状语从句。 即学即练 1.Ms Li is a good teacher ________ is skilled in encouraging her students. 2.The couple spent some time discussing ______ they would visit first in Rome. 3.Ms Li is a good teacher ________ is skilled in encouraging her students. 4.I will remember the first teachers ________ have had a great influence on my life. 【答案】1.that 2.what 3.that 4.that 【真题练手】 阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Mary joined a company recently. She did well in her projects and gave support to other team members when needed. However, some of them did not like ____46____ (she) active performance. They created ____47____ (problem) for her. They did not accept her ideas or ask her ____48____ (attend) meetings. The work Mary once enjoyed now started to give her stress. She was planning to quit. One day while Mary ____49____ (have) lunch, Carol, the manager came and sat next to her. She noticed that Mary was ____50____ (happy) and asked, “any problems?” Let me see if I could help. Mary told carol ____51____ had happened. After listening to her, Carol said, “please come ____52____ my house for dinner tomorrow.” Mary went to Carol’s house. Before dinner, Mary ____53____ (ask) to put some potatoes and eggs in a pot and boil them for a while. “Look”, Carol said, “we cook them in the same water, ____54____ the results are different. Potatoes became soft while eggs turn hard. When you give up, you become an ____55____ (boil) egg, hard to break.” 【答案】46. her 47 problems 48. to attend 49. was having 50. unhappy 51. what 52. to 53. was asked 54. but 55. boiled 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了经理用食物开导玛丽的故事。 【46题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：然而，有些人并不喜欢她的积极表现。根据空格后的名词“performance (表现)”可知，此处应填入名词性物主代词修饰名词，she应变为her“她的”。故填her。 【47题详解】 考查可数名词的单复数。句意：他们给她制造了很多麻烦。problem“问题”为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式表泛指。故填problems。 【48题详解】 考查不定式作宾语补足语。句意：他们不接受她的想法，也不让她参加会议。短语ask sb. to do sth.意为“让、要求某人做某事”，此处应用不定式作宾补。故填to attend。 【49题详解】 考查过去进行时。句意：一天，玛丽正在吃午饭，经理卡罗尔来了，坐在她旁边。根据“One day while Mary...lunch, Carol, the manager came and sat next to her. (一天，玛丽……午饭，经理卡罗尔来了，坐在她旁边。)”可知，此处表示经理走过来这个动作发生时，玛丽吃午饭的动作正在进行，且根据前后文可知，故事发生在过去，此处应用过去进行时，谓语动词结构为was/were doing，主语Mary为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was having。 【50题详解】 考查派生构词法。句意：她注意到玛丽很不开心，于是问道：“有什么问题吗？”分析前后文可知，经理询问是因为玛丽不开心，happy应加否定前缀un-变为unhappy“不开心的”，形容词作表语。故填unhappy。 【51题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：玛丽把发生的事情告诉了卡罗尔。分析句子可知，该句为包含宾语从句的主从复合句，从句中缺少主语，应用连接代词what引导宾语从句，表示“……的事物”。故填what。 【52题详解】 考查介词。句意：明天请到我家吃晚饭。短语come to sp.意为“来到某地”，此处to为介词，指“到，达……”。故填to。 【53题详解】 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：晚饭前，玛丽被要求把一些土豆和鸡蛋放进锅里煮一会儿。分析句子可知，主语Mary与动词ask之间为动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，且由前后文可知，该句应为一般过去时，故谓语动词结构为was/were done，主语Mary为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was asked。 【54题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：你看，我们用同样的水煮，但结果不一样。根据“we cook them in the same water...the results are different. (我们用同样的水煮，……结果不一样。)”可知，前后句为转折关系，此处应用连词but“但是”表示转折。故填but。 【55题详解】 考查过去分词作定语。句意：当你放弃时，你就变成了一个煮熟的鸡蛋，很难打破。根据空格后的“egg (鸡蛋)”可知，此处应用分词作定语，表示被动、完成应用过去分词作前置定语。故填boiled。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$