Module 1 单元要点讲解+语法讲解+同步练习 2024-2025学年外研版英语八年级上册

八年级上册 Module 1 How to learn English? 1、 词组归纳 look up 查;查找 make mistake 犯错误 write down 写下;记下 agree with sb. 同意某人 ask for 请求(给予) make friends with 与..交朋友 all the time 一直 a few 一些;几个 2、 长难句讲解+语言要点讲解 1.Work in pairs.结对练习。 【pair】 名词,意为“(相关的)两个人,一对” 复数形式是 pairs。 in pairs 意为“成双的;成对的” 例:We often practice conversations in pairs in English class. 我们经常在英语课上结对练习对话, [知识拓展] pair of 意为“一双/副/把... a pair of+名词”作主语时,句子的谓语动词一般用单数形式 【助记】 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 a pair of gloves 手套 a pair of shoes 鞋 a pair of socks 袜子 a pair of glasses 眼镜 a pair of trousers 裤子 a pair of scissors 剪刀 2.Correct the spelling.拼写(错误) 【correct】及物动词,意为“改正;纠正” 例:My English teacher often corrects my pronunciation. 我的英语老师经常纠正我的发音。 correct 还可作形容词,意为“正确的;对的”,相当于right. 例:Do you know which is the correct answer?你知道哪一个是正确答案吗? 3. Practise saying the words. 练习说单词 【practise】动词,意为“练习”,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 例:Listen! Someone is practising playing the piano. 听!有人正在练习弹钢琴。 链接中考:Bruce practices _ basketball every day so that he can be a better player. A. play B. to play C. playing 4.Match the words with their meanings. 把单词和它们的意思搭配起来。 【match】既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,意为“找到与…相配之物,使相配;使成对” 例:The children need time to match those pictures with titles 孩子们需要时间来将图片和标题配对。(作及物动词) 例: None of these glasses match. 这些玻璃杯没有能配对儿的。(作不及物动词) [match 与 fit] match 多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等 方面相配,显得很协调 fit 侧重指尺寸大小合适。 例: Her shoes match the dress.她的鞋和连衣裙很配 The sweater fits him well. 他穿这件毛衣很合身 5.Complete the sentences with the words in the box.用方框中的单词完成句子, 【complete】及物动词,意为“把…填完整;使完全” 例:Complete the table with your information. 用你的信息把这个表格填完整。 知识拓展 complete 还可作形容词,意为“完全的,彻底的;完整的”。 其副词形式为completely“完全地,彻底地” 例: It is a complete waste of time.这完全是在浪费时间 6.look up 查找 【look up】意为“查;查找”,其宾语是需要查找的某种信息,如 word,phone number等. look up 是“动词+副词”型短语,名词作宾语时,放在 up 前后均可,代词作宾语时应放在 look与 up 之间。 例:We can look up new words in a dictionary. 我们可以在词典中查生词 I don't know the word. Please help me look it up in the dictionary. 我不认识这个单词。请帮我在词典里查一下它, 小贴士: look up 还意为“仰视,向上看” 例: He looked up from his book as I entered the room. 我进入房间时,他从书上抬起头来看了看。 7. What mistake did Lingling make?玲玲犯了什么错误? 【mistake】可数名词,意为“错误;过错' make mistake/make mistakes 意为“犯错误”; by mistake 意为“错误地;无意地” 例: Don't worry. We all make mistakes. 别担心。我们都会犯错。 He took my book by mistake. 他错拿了我的书。 8. Who has some advice?谁有一些建议? 【advice】不可数名词,意为“建议;意见 表示“一条建议”用 piece of advice; 表示“一些建议”用 some advice。 例:The teacher often gives us some advice on how to get on well with classmates. 老师经常给我们一些关于如何与同学融洽相处的建议。 [advice 与 suggestion] advice 不可数名词,其前不能直接用 a/an 修饰,没有复数形式,动词形式为 advise suggestion 可数名词,复数形式是 suggestions,动词形式为 suggest 例:He gave me two pieces of advice on my writing在写作方面他给了我两条建议。 Do you have any suggestions? 你有什么建议吗? 9.We should always speak English in class.我们应该在课堂上一直说英语。 [should]情态动词,意为“应该”,表示建议、责任或义务。 should 可用于各种人称,后接动词原形。 例:You should answer my question in English你应该用英语回答我的问题。 1 将 should 提到主语之前构成疑问句 例: Should I invite him to the party?我应该邀请他来参加聚会吗? ②在 should 之后加 not 构成否定句,should not=shouldn't. 例: You shouldn't tell him the news. 你不应该告诉他这个消息。 10.Let's try to speak English as much as possible让我们尽可能多地说英语。 try to do sth 意为“尽力做某事” 否定形式 try not to do sth.意为“尽力不做某事” 例:People should try to help those who are in trouble. 人们应该尽力帮助那些处在困境中的人。 I'll try not to make mistakes in this exam. 我尽量在这次考试中不犯错误。 [try to do sth.与 try doing sth] try to do sth.“设法/尽力做某事”,强调付出一定努力并设法去完成 try doing sth.“尝试着做某事”,强调试试看,不一定付出很大努力 例: Simon tried to pick the apples on the tree.西蒙设法去摘树上的苹果。 Let's try using the new machine.让我们试着用一下这台新机器。 11. Why not write down our mistakes in our notebooks? 为什么不在我们的笔记本上记下我们的错误呢? Why not...?句型用于提出建议,意为“为什么不....呢? why not 后跟动词原形。 同义句型:Why don't you/we do...? 例:Why not listen to some music?= Why don't you listen to somemusic? (你们)为什么不听些音乐呢? 提出建议的其他常见句型: ①Shall I/we (+do) ..? 我/我们.好吗? 例: -Shall we make plan together? 我们一起制订一个计划好吗? -That's good idea. 那是个好主意。 ②What/How about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样? 例: What/How about drinking some tea and having rest? 喝些茶并休息一下如何? 3 Would you like(to do) sth.? 你(们)想(做)…..吗? 例: Would you like to have dinner with us? 你愿意和我们一起吃晚饭吗? ④You'd better(not)+动词原形. 你最好(不要)做.. 例: You'd better finish your homework first. 你最好先完成你的家庭作业 【write down】意为“写下;记下”,是“动词+副词”型短语 12. And don't forget to write down the correct answers next to the mistakes. 而且不要忘了在错误的旁边写下正确答案。 【forget】动词,意为“忘记”,对应词 remember 意为“记住;记得”。 例:I forget her name. 我忘了她的名字。 forget to do sth.意为“忘记做某事”,动作没有发生; forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”,动作已发生. 【next to】意为“在...旁边”,与 beside 同义 例: My school is next to a big park.我的学校在一个大公园旁边, 13. It's a good idea to spell and pronounce new words aloud everyday. 每天拼写并大声读生词是个好主意, It is good idea to do sth.意为“做某事是个好主意” 本句为“lt+be+名词(短语)+ to do sth.”句式,其中it 为形式主语,后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。 例:It is a good habit to take a walk after supper晚饭后散步是个好习惯。 It's my job to look after you.照顾你是我的工作 【aloud】副词,意为“大声地;出声地” 例:The students are reading aloud in the classroom.学生们正在教室里朗读。 [ aloud, loud 与 loudly] ①aloud 副词,相对于默读而言,强调“出声地让人听见,但声音并不一定很大。常与 read,cry 等词连用,无比较等级 2 loud 既可作形容词,又可作副词,意为“喧闹的/地:响亮的/地;大声的地”。常与 speak,talk,laugh 等词连用,有比较等级:louder,loudest; 3 loudly 为 loud 的常用副词,意为响亮地大声地,含有“喧闹”的意味,有比较等级:more loudly,most loudly 例: He read the letter aloud to us. 他把信大声念给我们听, Speak louder,please.请大声点儿说。 Don't play the music so loudly. 别把音乐放得这么大声, 14.I agree with you.我赞同你们(的提议) 【agree】动词,意为“赞同”,反义词 disagree 意为“不赞同” 例: Do you agree to go fishing with me?你同意和我一起去钓鱼吗? 【agree with, agree to与 agree on/upon】 1 agree with 表示同意某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等(即持同一观点) 2 agree to 表示同意某人的建议计划、安排等 3 agree on/upon 指协商后在某方面取得一致意见或达成协议 例:I agree with him.我同意他的意见。 Mr Li agreed to our plan about starting a school magazine李老师同意了我们创办校刊的计划。 All of us agreed on the price.我们所有人就价格达成了一致意见。 即学即试——根据汉语意思完成句子 1.为什么不在电话号码簿里查找一下他的电话号码呢? Why not_ _his telephone number in the telephone directory? 2.不要害怕犯错误。把它们记下来并改正就行。 Don't be afraid to_ _.Just _ _ _and correct them. 3.不要忘记检查你的作业。 Don't_ _ _ your homework. 4.你应该尽可能多地说英语 You should speak English_ _ _ _. 5.无论如何,我们都应该努力去克服任何困难。 Anyway, we should_ _overcome any difficulties 答案:1. look up 2. make mistakes; write them down 3. forget to check 4. as much as possible 5. try to 15. Many students ask for advice about how to improve their English. 许多学生就如何提高他们的英语水平寻求建议。 【ask for】意为“请求(给予)”,后接某人作宾语时,意为“找某人;请求见某人”; 后接某物作宾语时,意为“要某物” 例: Someone is asking for you at the door. 门口有人找你。 He wants to ask for some food. 他想要些食物。 【improve】动词,意为“改进;改善” 名词 improvement 意为“提高;改进;改善”。 例: We tried to improve ourselves in many ways and we're glad about our improvements. 我们尽力在很多方面提高自己,我们对我们的进步感到高兴。 16. Each time you will learn something new. 每次你都会学到新东西。 【time】作可数名词,意为“次;回” each time 意为“每次”,相当于 everytime.。 例: He had three tries and failed each time.他尝试了三次,每次都失败了。 【something new】意为“新的东西” 当形容词修饰 something,anything,somebody, anybody 等不定代词时,形容词应放在它们后面,作后置定语。 例:Did you get anything special on your birthday?你生日时收到了什么特别的东西吗? 17. I also advise you to talk about the films or songs with your friends. 我还建议你和你的朋友们谈论一下这些电影或歌曲 【advise】动词,意为“向...提出意见;忠告;建议 advise 的常用结构: (1)advise doing sth. 例: Nobody advised leaving.没有人建议离开。 (2)advise sb. to do sth. 例: They advised us to leave.他们建议我们离开 (3)advise sb.+疑问词+动词不定式 例:The teacher is advising the students how to visit the zoo. 老师正在就学生们如何参观动物园提出建议。 (4)advise+宾语+介词. 例: The doctor can advise you on health.医生会就你的健康提出建议。 链接中考 18.I am shy and I am afraid to speak to her. 我很腼腆,不敢和她说话要点精析 be afraid to do sth.意为“因害怕而不敢(或不愿)做某事” be afraid of doing sth 意为“害怕做某事;担心会发生某事” 例:Mr Black was afraid to climb the tree, because he was afraid of falling off it. 布莱克先生不敢爬树,因为他怕从树上掉下来。 【助记】 be afraid of falling 害怕掉下去 be afraid to walk 因害怕而不敢走 20.It is natural to forget new words! 忘记生词是正常的!要点精析 本句为“It +be+形容词+ to do sth.结构,意为“做某事是.....的” 其中it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。 在表示“对某人来说,做某事是...的”时,要用“It+be+形容词+for sb. to do sth. ". 例:It was difficult for him to finish the work on time.对他来说,按时完成这项工作很难。 21.I suggest you write four or five words day on pieces of paper and place them in your room. 我建议你每天把四五个单词写在纸片上,并把它们放在你的房间里要点精析 【suggest】动词,意为“建议;提议” 作“建议”讲时,其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”, should 可以省略。 suggest 的常用结构为 suggest doing sth.,意为“建议做某事”例:I have a suggestion and l suggest walking home.我有一个建议,我建议步行回家。 小贴士 suggest 后接名词、代词或v.-ing 形式作宾语,但不接动词不定式作宾语,即没有“suggest to do sth.这一用法。 即学即试——用方框中单词的适当形式完成句子 time shy improve nature advise 1.They _ us to join the swimming club. 2. Do you think it is a good way_ English in a foreign country? 3. Before so many people my sister is too_ to speak. 4.It's _ for students to make a few mistakes in the exam. 5.How many_ did you go to the movie last month? 答案:1.advise/advised 2.to improve 3.Shy 4. natural 5.times 21.What does Mary think about reading newspapers? 玛丽认为看报纸怎么样? What does sb. think about of...? 意为“某人认为..怎么样? 同义句型:How does sb. like...? 例:-What do you think about/of the film? / How do you like the film? -Excellent. —你认为这部电影怎么样?—好极了 22. Try to make friends with them and take them around your town. 尽量和他们交朋友并带他们参观你的城镇。 make friends 意为“交朋友” make friends with sb.意为“和某人交朋友” “show sb./take sb. around..意为“带领某人参观……” 例: Let me take/show you around. 让我带你四处看看吧, 23. How about playing a few games and listening to some music? 做些游戏并听一些音乐怎么样? 【A few】意为“一些;几个”,修饰可数名词复数,相当于 several 或 some 例: There are a few students in the classroom. 教室里有几个学生。 【a few,few, little与little】 意义功能 修饰不可数名词 修饰可数名词复数 肯定(一些;几个) a little a few 否定(几乎没有;很少) little few 例: There are a few beans on the plate. 盘子里有一些豆子 There are few beans on the plate. 盘子里几乎没有豆子。 There is a little water in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一点儿水 There is little water in the qlass. 玻璃杯里几乎没有水。 【助记】 肯定 否定 可数 a few beans 几粒豆子 few beans 几乎没有豆子 不可数 a little milk 一点儿牛奶 little milk 几乎没有牛奶 24. You should invite your new English-speaking friends to your club! 你应当邀请你说英语的新朋友们到你们的俱乐部来! 【invite】动词,意为“邀请”,常用结构: invite sb. to sp.“邀请某人到某地”; invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事” 例:Don't invite strangers to your house while your parents are out 当你的父母不在家时,不要邀请陌生人到你的家里。 即学即试——单项选择 1.If you want to visit my home town,I can _ you around. A. take B.look C. turn D. walk 2.I'd like to _ others, but I don't know how to start a conversation. A. make friends B. make friends withC. make friends to D. making friends with 3.(广东中考)-I am little hungry,Daddy. -See the cupcakes on the plate? But you can only take _.Dinner is ready soon. A.it B. one C. this D. that 4. Why not _your teacher for help when you can't finish _the story by yourself? A. to ask; write B. to ask; writing C. ask; writing D. asking: to write 5.-What's wrong with her? -She is crying_ A. sometimes B. in time C. all the time D. on time 答案:1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C $$