2024年中考英语二轮复习讲义 宾语从句

Objective Clauses 宾语从句 一. 连接词 1. 宾从是确定事实或陈述时，连接词用that（常可省），谓语：be sure/know/think/know/agree等表示确定的 我认为他一个小时后会回来。 I think ____________________________________________. 他告诉我他会在一个小时后回来。 He told me _________________________________________________. 2. 宾从是一般疑问或选择问句时，连接词用if/whether（不省），谓语：be not sure/wonder/don’t know等不确定的 我想知道他是否是个好的学习者。 I wonder ___________________________________________________. 他不确定是否他能通过考试。 I am not sure __________________________________________________. * 以下情况只能用whether （1）与or not直接连用 I don’t know whether or not they will come. （2）与不定式搭配做宾语 He isn’t sure whether to go with them or not. （3）作介词宾从连接词 It depends on whether I have enough time. （4）作表语从句连接词 The problem is whether he will come tomorrow. （5）位于句首 Whether we will have the meeting has not been decided yet. 3. 宾从是特殊疑问句时，连接词用疑问连接词，谓语：be not sure/wonder/don’t know等 what/which/who/whom/whose（疑问代词） I wonder__________I should do next. Do you know__________wrote the note? I am sure__________I should talk to about the problem. Go and find out __________book it is. He told me__________book is the best-selling one. when/where/how/why (疑问副词） Could you tell me___________he was late? I just don’t know___________I can solve my problem. He didn’t tell me____________he went yesterday. I asked her___________her life was different after she became famous. 二. 宾从语序 陈述句语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他 我不知道他为什么说像那样的话。 I don't know_________________________________________________. 你能告诉我你住哪里吗？ Can you tell me______________________________________________? 你知道那个商店今天多久关门吗？ Do you know_________________________________________________? 当连接代词就是宾从主语时，从句语序为：连接代词(主)+谓语 Do you know what was broken？ I am not sure who won the gold medal. I don't know what is the matter./...what’s happening/ what’s wrong./which is the way to. 三. 宾从时态 1）主句为一般现在时，从句根据实际情况选择时态。（主现从实）主句现在某种时态，从句根据实际情况 I know that he__________(go) to Chengdu before. I know that he______________(be) in Chengdu for a long time. I know that he______________(go) to Chengdu tomorrow. 2）主句为过去时，从句常用相应过去式。（主过从过）主句过去某种时态，从句过去某种时态 I knew that he__________(go) to Chengdu. He said he____________(go) to Chengdu in three days. He told me that he_______________(read) a book at that time. 3）宾从为客观真理、自然规律等，无论主句何种时态，从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that the earth________(go) around the sun. 四. 宾从否定前移 否定宾从时，要否定在主句谓语动词上。 I know that he knows. (否定）→________________________________________. I believe he will come. (否定) →________________________________________. （了解）必须同时满足以下三个条件才可以否定前移 1. 主语是一人称 2. 谓语是一般现在时 3. 主句谓语动词是think/believe/guess/consider/expect等表示心理活动的动词 五. 宾语从句变为简单句。 1. 主从句主语一致，wh-引导的宾从可变为wh-+to do。 I don't know how I should do it next.=I don’t know________________________. 2. 主句谓语是see，hear，watch，notice等，宾从可简化为do或doing形式。 I saw that some boys were playing basketball. =I saw some boys__________________basketball. 六. 注意标点符号 1. 主句为陈述句，整句用句点。I know where he lives. 2. 主句为疑问句，整句用问号。Do you know where he lives? 七.宾从所在的主句有宾补时，常用it形式宾语代替真正宾语，宾从后置于宾补。或变为简单句（it形式宾语）。 I find it best that you should stay here. = I find it best for you to stay here. 练习 一. 用适当连接词填空。 1. — The teacher wants to know _______ happened yesterday. — Sorry, I don’t know. 2. —Please tell me _______ to get to the school. — You can go there by bike. 3. — The radio said _______ it would be rainy. — Oh, we should take an umbrella. 4. — Did Mum ask _______ we had lunch? — Yes. I told her we had lunch at home! 5. —Betty would like to know _______ the train left. — At two o’clock this afternoon. 6. — I don’t understand _______ you don’t believe him. — Because he often tells lies . 7. — They asked _______ he was in the classroom. — No, he was at the library. 8. — Are you sure _______ the earth goes around the sun? — Yes. 9. — Do you know _______ one Betty wants? — Yes,she wants the blue one. 10. —Please help me find out _______ he visited last night. — Maybe Mr Wang. 二. 选择 1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you． A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. —Excuse me. Could you tell me_____ I can get to the Space Museum? --Of course. You can take bus No.1 A. where B. how C. if D. why 3. —Do you know ________the girl in red is? —I‘m not sure. Maybe a teacher. A. when B. how C. where D. what 4. -Tommy, do you know if Frank ______ to the zoo this Sunday if it ________? -Sorry, I have no idea. A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine 5. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 6. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help? A. how did he fix B. what did he fix C. how he fixed D. what he fixes 7. I want to know _________. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 8. Do you know where _________ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 9. Could you tell me how much ________to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs 10. The question is ____  the film is worth seeing． A．if  B．what C．whether D．how 11. The reason  ____ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed． A. why ; why  B. why ; because C. why ; that  D. that ; because 12. He doesn't think the question of ____ they are Chinese or Americans is important． A. whether    B. if            C. which  D. why 13. She asked Linda if___ go and get some books. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 14. She didn't know___ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if he will be C. when he would be 三. 填空 1. Our teacher told us the sun ________ （rise）in the east. 2. Can you tell me? Where is the post office? (合为一句) 　　Can you tell me __________ the post office___________? 3. He told me, “His father doesn’t know Mr Brown.” (改为宾语从句) 　　He told me __________ his father ___________know Mr Brown. 4. He does not tell the truth, I think. (改为宾语从句) I __________ think that he ____________ the truth. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Objective Clauses 宾语从句 一. 连接词 1. 宾从是确定事实或陈述时,连接词用that(常可省),谓语:be sure/know/think/know/agree等表示确定的 我认为他一个小时后会回来。 I think (that) he will be back in an hour. 他告诉我他会在一个小时后回来。 He told me (that) he would be back in an hour. 2. 宾从是一般疑问或选择问句时,连接词用if/whether(不省),谓语:be not sure/wonder/don’t know等不确定的 我想知道他是否是个好的学习者。 I wonder if/whether he is a good learner or not. 他不确定是否他能通过考试。 I am not sure whether he can pass the exam. * 以下情况只能用whether (1)与or not直接连用 I don’t know whether or not they will come. (2)与不定式搭配做宾语 He isn’t sure whether to go with them or not. (3)作介词宾从连接词 It depends on whether I have enough time. (4)作表语从句连接词 The problem is whether he will come tomorrow. (5)位于句首 Whether we will have the meeting has not been decided yet. 3. 宾从是特殊疑问句时,连接词用疑问连接词,谓语:be not sure/wonder/don’t know等 what/which/who/whom/whose(疑问代词) I wonder_what_I should do next. Do you know_who_wrote the note? I am sure_whom/who_I should talk to about the problem. Go and find out _whose_book it is. He told me_which_book is the best-selling one. when/where/how/why (疑问副词) Could you tell me_why_he was late? I just don’t know_how_I can solve my problem. He didn’t tell me_where_he went yesterday. I asked her_how/whether_her life was different after she became famous. 二. 宾从语序 陈述句语序:连接词+主语+谓语+其他 我不知道他为什么说像那样的话。 I don't know_why he said something like that. 你能告诉我你住哪里吗? Can you tell me_where you live? 你知道那个商店今天多久关门吗? Do you know_when that store closes today? 当连接代词就是宾从主语时,从句语序为:连接代词(主)+谓语 Do you know what was broken? I am not sure who won the gold medal. I don't know what is the matter./...what’s happening/ what’s wrong./which is the way to. 三. 宾从时态 1)主句为一般现在时,从句根据实际情况选择时态。(主现从实)主句现在某种时态,从句根据实际情况 I know that he_went_(go) to Chengdu before. I know that he_has been_(be) in Chengdu for a long time. I know that he_will go to_(go) to Chengdu tomorrow. 2)主句为过去时,从句常用相应过去式。(主过从过)主句过去某种时态,从句过去某种时态 I knew that he_went/had gone_(go) to Chengdu. He said he_would go_(go) to Chengdu in three days. He told me that he_was reading (read) a book at that time. 3)宾从为客观真理、自然规律等,无论主句何种时态,从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that the earth_went_(go) around the sun. 四. 宾从否定前移 否定宾从时,要否定在主句谓语动词上。 I know that he knows. (否定) _I don’t know that he knows_. I believe he will come. (否定) _I don’t believe he will come. (了解)必须同时满足以下三个条件才可以否定前移 1. 主语是一人称 2. 谓语是一般现在时 3. 主句谓语动词是think/believe/guess/consider/expect等表示心理活动的动词 五. 宾语从句变为简单句。 1. 主从句主语一致,wh-引导的宾从可变为wh-+to do。 I don't know how I should do it next.=I don’t know_how to do it next. 2. 主句谓语是see,hear,watch,notice等,宾从可简化为do或doing形式。 I saw that some boys were playing basketball. =I saw some boys_playing_basketball. 六. 注意标点符号 1. 主句为陈述句,整句用句点。I know where he lives. 2. 主句为疑问句,整句用问号。Do you know where he lives? 七.宾从所在的主句有宾补时,常用it形式宾语代替真正宾语,宾从后置于宾补。或变为简单句(it形式宾语)。 I find it best that you should stay here. = I find it best for you to stay here. 练习 一. 用适当连接词填空。 1. — The teacher wants to know _what_ happened yesterday. — Sorry, I don’t know. 2. —Please tell me _how_ to get to the school. — You can go there by bike. 3. — The radio said _that_ it would be rainy. — Oh, we should take an umbrella. 4. — Did Mum ask _where_ we had lunch? — Yes. I told her we had lunch at home! 5. —Betty would like to know _when_ the train left. — At two o’clock this afternoon. 6. — I don’t understand _why_ you don’t believe him. — Because he often tells lies . 7. — They asked _whether/if_ he was in the classroom. — No, he was at the library. 8. — Are you sure that the earth goes around the sun? — Yes. 9. — Do you know _which_ one Betty wants? — Yes,she wants the blue one. 10. —Please help me find out _who/whom_ he visited last night. — Maybe Mr Wang. 二. 选择 1. I don't know _D_ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell you. A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. —Excuse me. Could you tell me_C_ I can get to the Space Museum? -Of course. You can take bus No.1 A. where B. how C. if D. why 3. —Do you know _D_the girl in red is? —I‘m not sure. Maybe a teacher. A. when B. how C. where D. what 4. -Tommy, do you know if Frank _A_ to the zoo this Sunday if it _? -Sorry, I have no idea. A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine 5. I don't know _D_ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 6. Could you tell me _C_ the radio without any help? A. how did he fix B. what did he fix C. how he fixed D. what he fixes 7. I want to know _D_. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 8. Do you know where _A_ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 9. Could you tell me how much _D_to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs 10. The question is _C the film is worth seeing. A.if B.what C.whether D.how 11. The reason C_ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A. why ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because 12. He doesn't think the question of _A_ they are Chinese or Americans is important. A. whether B. if C. which D. why 13. She asked Linda if_ go and get some books. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 14. She didn't know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if he will be C. when he would be 三. 填空 1. Our teacher told us the sun _rises (rise)in the east. 2. Can you tell me? Where is the post office? (合为一句) Can you tell me _where_ the post office_is_? 3. He told me, “His father doesn’t know Mr Brown.” (改为宾语从句) He told me _that_ his father _didn’t_know Mr Brown. 4. He does not tell the truth, I think. (改为宾语从句) I _don’t_ think that he _tells_ the truth. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$