内容正文:
一般现在时
1、 一般现在时的概念
一般现在时表示现在的时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。(常用于一般现在时的时间副词及短语有:always 总是,usually 通常,often 常常,sometimes 有时候,never 从不,once a week 一个星期一次,twice a year 一年两次,on Sundays 在星期日,every day/week/year/…每天/周/年……
具体用法:
1,表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:
It often rains there in spring. 那儿春天经常下雨。
2,表示人或事物现在的特征、状态或能力等。如:
He likes drawing. 他喜欢画画。
3,表示客观存在的事实或真理等。如:
One and two is three. 一加二等于三。
The Earth goes around the Sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
2、 一般现在时的句子结构
一般现在时从句子结构上来看分为动词be的一般现在时和行为动词的一般现在时。
(一)、动词be的一般现在时
一般现在时中,动词be有三种形式:am、is、are。动词be通过形式的变化与句子的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
1, 动词be的变化
(1) am用于主语是第一人称I的句子。
I am fine. 我很好。
(2) are用于主语是第二人称you或其他人称的复数形式的句子。
Are you a nurse? 你是一名护士吗?
Tom and Bob are brothers. 汤姆和鲍勃是兄弟。
(3) is用于主语是第三人称单数的句子。
She is Cindy.她是辛迪。
动词be的变化
我(I)用am,你/你们(you)用are;
is连着他(he)、她(she)、它(it);
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
2, 句型结构
(1)肯定句:主语+am/is/are + 其他
Millie is my new friend. 米莉是我的新朋友。
(2)否定句:主语+am/is/are + not +其他
They are not at school today. 他们今天没上学。
(3)一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他?
- Is Helen your classmate? 海伦是你的同学吗?
- Yes, she is. / No, she is not.
含有动词be的句型变化
表否定,很简单,not加在be后面;
若变一般疑问句,be应移到主语前;
还有一点需注意,句末问号莫忘记。
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+am/is/are+(主语+)其他?
Who are you? 你是谁?
Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪里?
语法专练:
I.用动词be的适当形式填空
1.Its name __________ Kitty.
2.I ________ a student from Class 1, Grade 7.
3.You and I __________ classmates.
4.These flowers _________ nice.
5.This _________ my new bike.
6.Your shoes ______ too dirty. You must wash them.
7.Your mother ________ beautiful.
8.________ Jim and Tom from Jiangsu?
II.句型转换
1. Bill is 11 years old. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
——__________ _________ 11 years old?
——_________, _________ __________.
2.They are in the playground. (改为否定句)
They _________ _________ in the playground.
3.My name is Simon. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
——_________ _________ name Simon?
——_________,_________ _________.
4.His coats are on the sofa. (对画线部分提问)
_________ _________ his coats.
5.David and Tom are in Class One. (对画线部分提问)
_________ _________ _________ David and Tom _________?
6.They are always good students. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
——_________ _________always good students?
——__________,_________ _________.
(二)、行为动词的一般现在时
句型结构:
(1)肯定句:主语+动词的原形/动词的三单+其他
We like Chinese. —— 当句子的主语是非第三人称单数时,谓
语动词用原形。
规则
举例
大多数动词后加s
make-makes, live-lives
以ch,sh,ss,x或o结尾的动词后加es
teach-teaches, go-goes dress-dresses, fix-fixes, finish-finishes,
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,
去掉y,再加ies
carry-carries
cry-cries
特殊变化
have-has
She likes Chinese. —— 当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
* 行为动词的一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成方法如下:
(2)否定句:主语+don’t / doesn’t + 动词的原形+其他
I don’t like bread.
He doesn’t often play football.
当主语为第三人称单数时,用doesn’t.
(3)一般疑问句:Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他?
— Do you often go swimming? 你经常去游泳吗?
· Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 是的,我经常去游泳。/ 不,我不经常去游泳。
· Does she go to work by bike? 她骑自行车上班吗?
主语为第三人称单数时,用does
· Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.是的,她是。/不,她不是。
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词(不作主语)+ 一般疑问句?
疑问词(作主语)+ 陈述句语序?
How does your father go to work? 你爸爸怎么去上班?
注意:1,在一般现在时的句子中,我们不能同时使用be动词和行为动词。
2,在疑问句和否定句中,行为动词均用原形。
语法专练:
I.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1. Ben _______ Chinese at school. We _______ English at school. (study)
2. Her parents _______(come) from Beijing.
3. Helen’s mother_______(buy) a new coat for her.
4. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
5. His little brother_______(dress) himself every morning.
6. Tom is helpful. He often ______(fix) computers for his classmates.
7. Mike _______(read) English every day.
8. Bob _______(watch) TV every Saturday evening.
9. She _______(enjoy) watching TV.
II. 句型转换
1. Sam always takes the bus to school. (改为一般疑问句并做肯定回答)
—_______ Sam _______ _______ _______ _______ to school?
—_______, he _______.
2. Kitty wears glasses after class. (改为否定句)
Kitty _______ _______ glasses after class.
3. A good breakfast gives us energy. (改为一般疑问句并做肯定回答)
—_______ a good breakfast _______ _______ _______ ?
—_______, _______ _______.
4. They often listen to music. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ often _______?
5. Li Hua has great fun playing football with his friends.
_______ _______ great fun playing football with his friends?
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