Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Discovering Useful Structures 动词 ing形式作宾语补足语和状语 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

动词­ing形式作 宾语补足语和状语 1....and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired? 2.“Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. 3.Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 4.The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 原因状语 伴随状语 伴随状语 宾补 判断上面四个句子蓝色单词的形式在句子中的作用，并说出它们的句子成分。 lead-in 谓语 谓语 谓语 谓语 v-ing形式作宾补 v-ing形式作宾补常放在宾语后，常表示宾语和宾补之间是主动关系或表示v-ing形式的动作正在进行（强调一个过程或一种状态） We can see a boy singing in the picture. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 一、动词­ing形式作宾语补足语 动词­ing形式作宾语补足语时， 与宾语之间是主谓关系， 即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。动词­ing形式作宾语补足语时常用于以下三种情况： 1.动词­ing形式在感官动词后作宾语补足语。 在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，用动词的­ing形式构成复合宾语，表示一个正在进行的主动的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。 The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 仿真演练： When we returned to the school, we found a stranger _________(stand) at the entrance. standing [特别提示]　在see, hear, feel, watch等感官动词后， 既可用动词的－ing形式作宾语补足语， 也可用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。用动词的－ing形式时， 表示动作正在进行； 用省略to的不定式时， 表示动作从开始到结束的全过程。 I saw him run across the road. 我看到他跑过了马路。(强调整个过程) I saw him running across the road. 我看见他正跑过马路。(强调正在进行) 2.动词­ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。 使役动词have，keep，get，leave等接动词­ing形式作宾语补足语，表示“让……一直做某事”。 Don't keep the water running. 不要让水一直流着。 仿真演练： In order to keep warm, we kept the fire ___________(burn) all night long. burning 3.动词­ing形式在with复合结构中的使用。 在with复合结构中，动词­ing形式充当宾语补足语， 表示动作“正在进行”。 With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous. As so many people were looking at her, she felt nervous. 这么多人看着她， 她感到很紧张。 仿真演练： With the Spring Festival _________(draw) near, the students are beginning to talk about their plans. drawing 高级句式 普通句式 当堂过关检测 1. I’m sorry to have kept you __________(wait) for a long time. 2. At times she was even seen __________(ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 3. With the mid-term examination _____________(approach), she had butterflies in her stomach and couldn’t sleep well. 4. Along the way, we saw many people _________(wear) fancy Mongolian robes. 5. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people ________(move) inside and outside the City Wall. waiting riding approaching wearing moving 02 使役动词 have/get/make 01 感官动词 “五看二听一感觉” 03 With +宾语+宾补 随着(由于)… （重点看宾语宾补之间的逻辑关系） 常见可接-ing形式 作宾补的词(结构) 03 With +宾语+宾补 课堂小结 What did you see/hear...yesterday? Play a Game A: What did you see yesterday? B: Yesterday in my dream I saw Dr. Yuan Longping _______ (work) on rice in the field. working A: What did you see on TV yesterday? B: Yesterday I saw Beckham ________ (play) football on TV while I was watching a football match. playing ['beɪkhæm] Beckham A：What did you hear yesterday? B：Yesterday I heard Zhu Zhiwen _______ (sing) a Chinese song in the next room. singing Part 1 the –ing form used as adverbial （前四个纹理为矢量素材，可直接通过更改形状填充更改颜色） 1. 状语的定义 动词ing形式作状语 15 时间 状语 让步 状语 原因 状语 结果 状语 方式或伴随 状语 条件 状语 状语 2. 状语的分类 -ing形式在句中作状语, 修饰谓语动词或整个句子, 表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作目的状语(通常不定式用作目的状语)。 Wise men learn by other men's mistakes; fools by their own He sat on the sofa, watching TV. Being ill, he didn’t go to school. 3. 状语的位置 ①现在分词作状语句式特点：①逗号前后两动作，共用一主语，无连词(but,so,and等），必有一个非谓语（作状语） A:主语+谓语, v+ing形式短语. B:v+ing形式短语，主语+谓语. 17 ②-ing形式作状语，常与主句用逗号隔开； 时间，原因，条件，让步等状语时，一般在句首； 结果，伴随，方式等状语时，一般在句末。 Being poor, he couldn't afford a TV set. （原因） Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam.（让步） He lay there, staring at the blue sky. （伴随） His father died, leaving the family even worse off.（结果） 二、动词­ing形式作状语分类讲解（重点+难点+热点） 1.作时间状语 ①Walking in the park(高级句式), she saw an old friend.（高中表达方式） ＝When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend. （初中表达方式） 当她在公园里散步时， 她看到了她的一个老朋友。 ②Having finished the work(高级句式), he went to see his teacher.（高中表达方式） ＝After he had finished the work, he went to see his teacher.初中表达方式） 完成这次工作后， 他去看望了他的老师。 主动态 被动态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 (不做定语) having done having been done 否定：not+V-ing 2.作原因状语 Being ill(高级句式), he couldn't go to school. ＝As he was ill(普通句式), he couldn't go to school. 因为生病了， 他无法去上学。 Not knowing his address(高级句式), I can't send this book to him. ＝As I don't know his address(普通句式), I can't send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址，我无法将这本书寄给他。 3.作条件状语 Working hard, you'll make great progress. ＝If you work hard, you'll make great progress. 如果你努力工作， 你将取得重大进步。 Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. ＝If you go straight down the road, you will find the department store. 顺着这条路一直走，你就会发现那家百货商店 4.作结果状语(强调自然而然的结果， 一般置于句末) His parents died, leaving him an orphan. ＝His parents died and left him an orphan. 他的父母死了， 他成了一个孤儿。 The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. ＝The snow lasted a week, and resulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 大雪持续了一周， 结果造成了这一地区严重的交通混乱。 5.作方式状语 He came running back to tell me the news. ＝He came by running back to tell me the news. 他跑回来告诉我这个消息。 Please answer the question using another way. ＝Please answer the question in another way. 请用另一种方式回答这个问题。 6.作伴随状语 I stood by the door, not daring to say a word. ＝I stood by the door, and didn't dare to say a word. 我站在门旁， 一句话也不敢说。 She walked along the street, singing softly to herself. ＝She walked along the street and sang softly to herself. 她沿着街道一边走一边轻轻地唱。 7.作让步状语 Working or reading(高级句式), she always did her best. ＝Whether she worked or read, she always did her best. 无论工作还是读书， 她总是尽最大努力。 Working very hard(高级句式), he didn't feel a bit tired. ＝Though he worked very hard, he didn't feel a bit tired. 尽管拼命地工作， 他却丝毫不感到疲惫。 注意事项：(普通句式) 1.现在分词构成的独立主格结构 有时现在分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，有时还可以表示时间、原因、条件或解释整个句子。 There being no bus, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。 She sat behind the table, her chin resting in her hands. 她坐在桌子后面，双手托着下巴。 The train having gone, we had to wait another day. 火车已经离开， 我们只好再等一天。 3.现在分词作状语时， 为明确状语的类型， 有时可在分词前加上相应的从属连词(when, while, though, unless, as, if等)。“从属连词＋现在分词”可看作状语从句的省略形式。 While (he was) waiting for the bus, he met Mary. 等公共汽车时他遇到了玛丽。 Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了这一切，他们还是让我赔偿损失。 2.评论性状语 有些现在分词(短语)没有逻辑主语而独立存在，往往位于句首用来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys. 通常来说，女孩子比男孩子更加细心。 Considering the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals. 就对方的实力而论，我们能进两个球就很不错了。 这样的短语还有：judging from/by 根据...判断 honestly(frankly) speaking 诚实地说/坦率地说 4.现在分词的否定形式是“否定副词not/never＋现在分词”。 Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知道怎样找到地铁， 就去找警察帮忙。 Not having tried his best, he failed in the exam. 由于没有尽最大努力，他这次考试没能通过。 summary: doing 作状语 1.时间状语 2.原因状语 3.条件状语 4.结果状语 5.让步状语 6.方式和伴随状语 注意事项 时态 语态 否定式 7.评论性状语 8.独立主格 用法 一般情况： v+ing作状语， 其逻辑主语 跟句子的主语一致 特殊情况： 1）v+ing作状语，在句子中没有逻辑主语 2）v+ing作状语，有自己的逻辑主语，且其逻辑主语跟句子的主语不一致 主动式（doing/ having done）与 被动式（being done/ having been done） 一般式（doing）与完成式（having done） not+ doing; not+ having done Considering (评论性状语)his age, he is very tall. Time permitting(独立主格结构), we’ll go swimming tomorrow. Working hard(v+ing形式), you’ll make great progress. 语言形式 两种句式结构： A：主+谓，v+ing短语. B: V+ing短语, 主+谓． 基础过关综合检测 1. The restaurant _________(serve) western food at the far end of the street is now very popular. 2. Most of the artists ____________(invite) to the party were from South Africa. 3. The teacher came into the lab, ___________(follow) by some of his students. 4. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, ___________(run) away. 5. He looked around and caught a man _________(put) his hand into the pocket of a passenger. serving invited followed running putting Circle the correct word in each sentence. 1. Jack stood in front of the class, completely forgetting/forgotten every word that he had prepared for his speech. 2. Seeing/Seen the tennis star leaving the court, the girl quickly picked up her camera and ran over to him. 3. They were very proud to see their son awarded/awarding the university scholarship. 4. When asking/asked about their work schedules, many people preferred more flexible work hours. 5. John watched the woman talking/talked to the air, thinking/thought that she might be crazy. 6. Impressed/Impressing with her fluent English, the manager offered Julie a job inteview. 7. Taking part in the celebration was a satisfying/satisfied experience for us. 8. Most of the people were amazing/amazed by the lion dances during the new year celebrations. 9. The child seemed annoying/annoyed when he found his gift broken. 10. The man dressing/dressed in a ghost costume looks quite frightening/frightened. 11. Kate was surprised/surprising by the sight of the Kongming lanterns flying/flown up into the sky. $$