2024-2025学年初高中英语衔接：时态语态课件

The Tense and The Voice ——Summarize the rules of different tenses and voices. Learning objectives: 1. Further know and understand the use of tense and voice. 2. Summarize the rules of different tenses and voices by learning. 3. Express yourself correctly with new knowledge. 一、时态：动作行为的时间和状态 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 一般时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 一般过去将来时 进行时 现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 过去将来进行时 完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 过去将来完成时 完成进行时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 将来完成进行时 过去将来完成进行时 时间 状态 二、时态的基本用法 1.一般现在时(The simple present tense) 例子：Tom gets up early every morning. I often have breakfast at 7 o’clock. He usually doesn’t have lunch at 11 o’clock. 例子：The earth is smaller than the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 2.一般过去时（The simple past tense) 例子：Yesterday we went to the park. The book was there ten minutes ago. He didn't work for us. （1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与always, usually, often, sometimes, never， every day等连用。 （2）表示客观事实或普遍真理。 表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then等，谓语动词要用过去时。 3. 一般将来时 一般将来时的表达方法： （1）be going to do sth. 例子：He’s going to New York next week. It is going to rain. I’m not going to eat dinner this evening. （2）“shall / will + do”表示将来。 例子：Tom will help you tomorrow. They won’t watch TV this evening. We shall send her a book.4. 现在进行时 例子： What are you doing now? -- I am reading a book. He isn’t studying now. They are doing homework now. 表示将来要发生的动作或状态。常见时间标志：tomorrow，soon，next Monday/weekend，this afternoon/evening等。 表示计划、安排或有迹象表明要发生的事情。 表示目前正在发生的动作或目前所处的状态。常见时间标志：now，at the moment等 5.过去进行时 例子：We were swimming at this time yesterday. He wasn’t having a lesson at this time yesterday. I was watching TV when my mother came in. 6. 现在完成时 常用的时间状语有yet, already, ever, lately, recently，since+时间点，for+一段时间，these days, so far, up to now, ever since, since then, by the time, for a long time, over the past few years等 例子：We have done our homework. She hasn’t washed clothes. He has worked in that hospital for 3 years. It has been 10 years since I last saw him. 表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。常见时间标志：just then那时; at this/that time在这/那时; at this time yesterday在昨天这个时候 (1). 动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成, 表示过去发生的事对现在造成的影响或结果。(2). 动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。 二、Voice语态 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态 (active voice) 和被动语态 (passive voice)。1.主动语态   主语是动作的发出者和执行者，表示某人做某事。例子：I play basketball. He played table tennis. The tree grows up. 2.被动语态 主语是动作的承受者, 表示某人或某物被怎样, 强调动作的承受者。  例子： 一般现在时： We believe him. am/is/are+done → He is believed by us. 一般过去式： He bought some pens. was/were+done → Some pens were bought by him. 一般将来时①：Everyone will know the truth. → The truth will be known by everyone. will be+done 一般将来时②：We are going to discuss the problem at the meeting tomorrow. →The problem is going to be discussed by us at the meeting tomorrow. am/is/are+going to+be done 现在完成时：He has finished homework. →Homework has been finished by him. have/has been+done 现在进行时：She is playing the piano. →The piano is being played by her. am/is/are +being+done 过去进行时：They were cleaning the house at this time yesterday. →The house was being cleaned by them at this time yesterday. was/were+being+done 情态动词被动语态：I can finish the work. →The work can be finished by me. can/could/should/must/may/might等情态动词 + be + done 一、 1.一般现在时 The cat is looked after by Jane. 2.一般将来时 A match will be held by us next Sunday. 3.一般过去时 All the work was finished by me last time. 4.现在完成时 The book have already been published by them. 5.一般现在时 Delicious meals can be cooked by my mother. （选做）6.过去进行时 A book was being read by him at this time yesterday. （选做）7.现在进行时 English songs are being sung by the children happily now. 二、 1. was taken 2.are planted 3.has been turned 三、 1. Listen! Our English teacher is singing that popular English song. 2. The letter will be posted tomorrow. 3.I haven't found my notebook yet. $$