精品解析：河北省保定市部分高中2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

高二英语考试 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 At what time was the fire put out? A. Two o’clock. B. Four o’clock. C. Five o’clock. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】W: I heard the fire broke out at two in the morning. M: That’s right. And the fireman couldn’t put it out until five o’clock. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the weather like now? A. Snowy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】M: It’s raining again. The weather report says it’s going to snow tonight. I don’t like this kind of weather. W: But it’s going to be sunny this weekend. 【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Whose car does Jenny have now? A. Her father’s car. B. Her mother’s car. C. Her own car. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Wow, Jenny. I heard you got a new car. W: Ha-ha, no! I haven’t picked mine up yet. My mother drove my dad to work, so I have his car for today. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At an airport. B. In a factory. C. In a classroom. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Don’t forget to study for the test on Thursday. M: Excuse me, Mrs. Simon, but yesterday you said the test would be on Monday. W: Oh, yes. You’re right. Thank you for correcting me. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will the speakers probably go home? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: This is the most wonderful party I have ever visited. Wow, it’s almost 12 o’clock. How can we get home? It’s so late and the buses and subways have all stopped running. W: It looks as though we have no choice but to call a taxi. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the man invite the woman to do this Saturday? A. Have lunch. B. Do some shopping. C. Go to a gallery opening. 7. What does the woman want to know at the end? A. What to wear. B. How to get the destination. C. When to come back. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Donna, there’s a gallery opening on Saturday. I wonder if you’d like to go with me. W: I’d love to. But I have to go to the supermarket with my mom on Saturday afternoon. M: I’ll pick you up at 9:00 and take you home by noon. How’s that? W: That sounds fine. I’ve never been to a gallery opening before. What’s it like? M: All you have to do is to stand around, look at the art, drink some wine, and eat tiny sandwiches. Maybe we’ll come across some famous people. W: Well, what should I wear? M: People will be pretty dressed up, but don’t worry. You will be fine in this dress. W: OK. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is wrong with Kathy? A. She is upset because she failed the exam. B. She is worried about her classmate Don. C. She can’t get on well with her father. 9. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Midterm exams. B. School education. C. Pressure from parents. 【答案】8. B 9. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Kathy, you’ve been a little quiet since you came in. Is anything wrong? W: Oh, I’ve just been thinking about my classmate Don. M: What’s the matter? W: He failed the midterm exams, and decided to drop out of school. But his father expected to see his good grades. M: I see. So he couldn’t deal with the pressure? W: Right. His father expected nothing but high marks. Don had tried his best. M: I think it’s wrong for parents to pressure their children like that. W: I agree. Don said that his father never stopped adding the pressure. M: It makes things worse. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What do we know about the man? A. He got a raise. B. He just got a new job. C. He moved into a new house. 11. What kind of TV set does the woman suggest? A A small one. B. A big one. C. A cheap one. 12. Why does the woman give the man such a suggestion? A. Prices will go up soon. B. New products come out every year. C. His living room isn’t very big. 【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【详解】M: We’ve just moved into a new house. W: Really? Congratulations! M: Thank you. I think we want to buy a new television set. W: What kind of television do you want to buy? M: A color TV set, of course, but I’m not sure about the size. Maybe we should buy a big one. If we buy a small one, we might have to exchange it in a few years for a bigger one. That would be a waste of money. What’s your opinion? W: In my opinion, I don’t think it’s necessary to buy a very big one. M: Any particular reasons? W: Yes. As far as I know, your living room isn’t very big. If you put a very big television there, it will be bad for your eyes. Besides, a small TV set can still pick up the same programs. M: Hmm, that’s quite true. I’ll think it over again. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where is the meat shelf? A. In the back of the store. B. To the left of the speaker. C. On the other side from the bakery. 14. How often does the man go to the supermarket? A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once a fortnight, 15. What does the woman offer to do for the man? A. Find some oranges for him. B. Help organize the locations. C. Report his opinion with her manager. 16 What is the man likely to buy? A. Soap. B. Bread. C. Pork. 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. You look like you’re looking for something. Can I help you? M: Yes. The way is really different from usual. W: Yes, we made some changes. For example, the meat shelf used to be on the other side of the store, but now the meat section is in the back of the store. M: No wonder. I come here once a month. W: What do you think the way it looks? M: Well, to be honest, it’s not as easy for me to find the things I need. I like the old way better. W: Well, I’ll keep it in mind and bring it up with my manager. Is there anything I could help you find? M: I really need something for the bathroom. Where would I find those? W: On goods shelf four. M: Great! I’m also looking for some oranges, but I can see the fruits just to the left over there. I’ll let you know if I need any more help. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Who is the book for? A. Young children. B. Parents. C. Teachers. 18. What happens to Vanessa on her first day in school? A. She is badly treated by another child. B. She plays poorly in the games. C. She spends her time alone. 19. How does Vanessa’s classmate help her? A. By walking together with her. B. By inviting her for dinner. C. By telling her what to do. 20. What might the speaker be doing? A. Reading her new picture book. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Giving a class. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Good evening, everyone. In tonight’s Book Time, I’d like to introduce one of the best children’s books. The book is I Walk With Vanessa. This wonderful wordless picture book is for little ones aged 5 to 10 years old. It tells the story of a new girl in school, Vanessa. The new girl spends her first day in school all by herself. She does not join in the games, neither does she take part in the classroom activities. As soon as school is over, she leaves quickly. On her way home, she is badly treated by another child. A girl in her class sees this incident. That girl spends the entire evening thinking about what she saw, and what she can do to help. In the morning of the next day, she has an idea. She goes to Vanessa’s home and walks with her to school. Friends join the walk, and soon the entire school is walking with Vanessa. This wonderful picture book teaches children what to do if they see someone badly treated by others. And it also teaches children that a simple act of kindness can really help. Thank you for listening to our programme. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Every year, millions of people watch tennis games to celebrate the spirit of tennis. Here are four major tennis events, which are also known as the Grand Slam tournaments (大满贯赛事), helping you know the sport better. The US Open The US Open, the fourth Grand Slam of the tennis year, has its roots in 1881. It is held at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York, usually between late August and early September. Played on hard courts, the US Open is known for its hard playing surface, which rewards powerful serves and aggressive play. The French Open The French Open, also known as the Roland-Garros tournament, dating back to 1891. It is held annually at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, typically between late May and early June. The tournament is played on clay courts (红土网球场), which are known for slow pace and high bounce, favoring players with strong baseline play and good sliding performance. The Australian Open The Australian Open or the AO, the calendar year’s first Grand Slam, began in 1905. It has evolved into a major event in professional tennis playing, held annually in Melbourne, in January. Played on hard courts, the AO is famous for its hot and often windy conditions, which test players’ adaptability and endurance (忍耐力). The Championships, Wimbledon Known for the grass courts, it has been held since 1877 in Wimbledon, London, which is also celebrated for its fast play and the strict tradition of wearing all-white attire (服装). The tournament takes place annually in late June and early July. Its unique seeding system and the high honour associated with winning the title make it one of the prizes each wants in tennis. 21. What do the US Open and the Australian Open have in common? A. The type of the court is the same. B. The slow-paced players benefit more. C. The origin dates from the 1900s. D. The game is unaffected by the weather. 22. Which competition site features the red dirt? A. The US Open. B. The French Open. C. The Australian Open. D. The Championships, Wimbledon. 23. What is special about the Championships, Wimbledon? A. It allows participants to wear colourful clothing. B. It offers the playing field with grass as a highlight. C. It is regarded as the hardest one in the tennis world. D. It runs as the last one in the yearly Grand Slam games. 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四大网球大满贯赛事：美国网球公开赛、法国网球公开赛、澳大利亚网球公开赛和温布尔登网球锦标赛。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据The US Open部分中“Played on hard courts, the US Open is known for its hard playing surface, which rewards powerful serves and aggressive play. (美国网球公开赛在硬地球场举行，以其硬地场地而闻名，这有利于有力的发球和积极的比赛)”和The Australian Open部分中“Played on hard courts, the AO is famous for its hot and often windy conditions, which test players’ adaptability and endurance (忍耐力).(澳网在硬地球场进行比赛，以炎热和经常刮风的天气而闻名，这是对球员适应能力和耐力的考验)”可知，美国网球公开赛和澳大利亚网球公开赛的共同点是它们都是在硬地球场上进行的。故选A项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据The French Open部分中“The tournament is played on clay courts (红土网球场), which are known for slow pace and high bounce, favoring players with strong baseline play and good sliding performance.(比赛在红土球场进行，红土球场以慢节奏和高弹跳而闻名，有利于底线击球有力和滑球表现良好的球员)”可知，法国网球公开赛的场地是红土网球场。故选B项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Championships, Wimbledon部分中“Known for the grass courts, it has been held since 1877 in Wimbledon, London, which is also celebrated for its fast play and the strict tradition of wearing all-white attire (服装). (这项赛事以草地球场而闻名，自1877年以来一直在伦敦温布尔登举行，温布尔登也以其快速的比赛和身穿全白服装的严格传统而闻名)”可知，提供草地场地是温布尔登网球锦标赛的特色。故选B项。 B “When I was young, I told my mother that I would go to China to learn kung fu one day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I got there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mom, guess where I am. I’m at the Shaolin Temple!’,” says Max Yollando, a young man from Coted’Ivoire, sharing his attachment for Chinese culture. Yollando is also known as Yanming, the Chinese name he was given by his teacher at the Shaolin Temple, where the “Shaolin kung fu” was born, and which today is like a magnet (磁铁) for fans from all over the world. At the time, Yollando was a student at the Felix Houphouet-Boigny University in Abidjan. Motivated by his passion for Chinese culture, he signed up at the Confucius Institute to study Chinese. In late 2016, he had the opportunity to visit the temple in Henan Province on a three-month exchange. This experience defined his close relationship with traditional Chinese culture. After returning to Cote d’Ivoire, Yollando continued to practice Chinese and study traditional Chinese culture. In July 2017, he returned to the Shaolin Temple again and remained there for six years. His years at the temple reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditation (冥想) greatly changed him, and allowed him to better understand and appreciate traditional Chinese culture. He says the most impressive things he noticed that rooted in Chinese culture are the love of work, respect and recognition. At the end of 2022, when he completed his studies at the temple, he began working at a Shaolin cultural center in Zambia. The first of its kind in Africa, the center is home to 30 orphans (孤儿), who are taught Chinese language and traditional Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part of the course. For Yollando, the purpose of studying Chinese culture was to be able to return to Africa to introduce Chinese values to his compatriots (同胞). “The culture fascinated me because in China, people make an effort to work better, and they are very respectful and grateful to their family and country,” he says. 24. Which can replace the underlined word “attachment” in paragraph 1? A. Confusion. B. Disappointment. C. Affection. D. Investigation. 25. What made Yollando truly related to traditional Chinese culture? A. Learning Chinese at the Confucius Institute. B. Visiting the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province. C. Reading traditional Chinese culture books. D. Working at a Shaolin cultural center. 26. Which of the following can best describe Yollando? A. Brave. B. Determined. C. Humorous. D. Organized. 27. What can we learn about the Shaolin cultural center in Zambia? A. Its courses are all about Chinese culture. B. It was funded by the Shaolin Temple. C. It is an official authorized agency. D. It is a charity. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自科特迪瓦的Max Yollando从小热爱中国功夫，在少林寺学习了六年，回到非洲后，他致力于传播中国传统文化。 【24题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“When I was young, I told my mother that I would go to China to learn kung fu one day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I got there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mom, guess where I am. I’m at the Shaolin Temple!’(我小时候告诉妈妈，有一天我会去中国学习功夫。当时她不相信。当我到了那里，我立刻打电话给她说，‘妈妈，猜猜我在哪里。我在少林寺！’)”可推知，这是Max Yollando在分享自己对中国文化的喜爱，推测划线单词表示“喜爱”，与Affection意义相近。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In late 2016, he had the opportunity to visit the temple in Henan Province on a three-month exchange. This experience defined his close relationship with traditional Chinese culture. (2016年底，他有机会参观了河南省的寺庙，进行了为期三个月的交流。这段经历决定了他与中国传统文化的密切关系)”可知，参观河南少林寺并进行交流这一经历使得Max Yollando接触中国传统文化，真正与中国传统文化紧密相连。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was young, I told my mother that I would go to China to learn kung fu one day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I got there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mom, guess where I am. I’m at the Shaolin Temple!’(我小时候告诉妈妈，有一天我会去中国学习功夫。当时她不相信。当我到了那里，我立刻打电话给她说，‘妈妈，猜猜我在哪里。我在少林寺！’)”、第三段“In late 2016, he had the opportunity to visit the temple in Henan Province on a three-month exchange. This experience defined his close relationship with traditional Chinese culture. (2016年底，他有机会参观了河南省的寺庙，进行了为期三个月的交流。这段经历决定了他与中国传统文化的密切关系)”以及第四段“In July 2017, he returned to the Shaolin Temple again and remained there for six years. His years at the temple reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditation greatly changed him, and allowed him to better understand and appreciate traditional Chinese culture.(2017年7月，他再次回到少林寺，在那里待了六年。他在寺庙读书、锻炼、练习功夫和冥想的岁月极大地改变了他，让他更好地理解和欣赏中国传统文化)”可知，Yollando从小就热爱中国功夫，并一直不断学习中国功夫，由此可推知，Yollando是坚持不懈、有决心的。故选B。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“At the end of 2022, when he completed his studies at the temple, he began working at a Shaolin cultural center in Zambia. The first of its kind in Africa, the center is home to 30 orphans (孤儿), who are taught Chinese language and traditional Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part of the course.(2022年底，当他在少林寺完成学业后，他开始在赞比亚的一个少林文化中心工作。该中心是非洲第一个这样的中心，是30名孤儿的家，他们在课程中学习汉语和中国传统文化，包括功夫)”可知，赞比亚的少林文化中心是30名孤儿的家，是一家慈善机构。故选D。 C Recently, as a journalist, I have published many stories about social media, privacy and artificial intelligence(AI), among other things. So when a chatbot(聊天机器人)told me that my output may have influenced its responses to other people’s prompts(提示), I rushed to wipe my data from its memory. I quickly discovered, however, there is no delete button. AI-powered chatbots, which are trained on datasets including vast numbers of websites and online articles, never forget what they have learned. That means chatbots are possible to let out sensitive personal information, if it has appeared online, and that the companies behind these AIs will struggle to make good on “right-to-be-forgotten” regulations, which force organizations to remove personal data on request. It also means we are powerless to stop hackers controlling AI outputs by. planting misinformation or ill instructions in training data. All of these explain why many computer scientists are busy teaching AIs to forget. While they are finding that it is extremely difficult, “machine unlearning” solutions are beginning to appear. And the work could prove vital beyond addressing concerns over privacy and misinformation. The new generation of AI-powered chatbots, which produce text in response to our prompts, are supported by large language models. These are trained on mountains of data, most of which is downloaded from the Internet. From this, they learn to spot statistical(统计的)patterns, which means they can predict the likeliest next word in a sentence, producing fluent answers to our every question. The trouble is the way AI chatbots work, which means that when they learn something, it can’t be forgotten. This creates a significant problem when it comes to privacy, as Dr. Zhang made clear in recent research. He highlighted how difficult it will be for AI companies to obey the “right to be forgotten”, which the European Union declared in 2014. 28. What causes chatbots to store what they have learned forever? A. Their storage of training data. B. Their users’ prompt. C. Strong review ability. D. Lack of a delete button. 29. Why do many computer scientists try to teach AI to forget? A. To copy human completely. B. To store limited information. C To update regularly. D. To reduce security risks. 30. What can we know about the chatbots from paragraph 3? A. They can answer each question correctly. B. They learn from the designers’ limited data. C. They make response based on the prompts. D. They can predict language models’ future. 31. What problem did Dr. Zhang highlight for AI companies? A. The difficulty in following the “right to be forgotten”. B. The lack of technological advancements in AI. C. The opposition from the European Union. D. The concerns of privacy. 【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了人工智能的出现给人们带来便利的同时，给用户的隐私泄露也增加了一定的风险和隐患。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“AI-powered chatbots, which are trained on datasets including vast numbers of websites and online articles, never forget what they have learned.”(聊天机器人是基于大量网站和在线文章的数据集进行训练的，这种训练方式导致它们永远记住所学内容。)可知，训练数据的存储导致聊天机器人永远存储它们学到的东西。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“That means chatbots are possible to let out sensitive personal information, if it has appeared online, and that the companies behind these AIs will struggle to make good on “right-to-be-forgotten” regulations, which force organizations to remove personal data on request. It also means we are powerless to stop hackers controlling AI outputs by planting misinformation or ill instructions in training data.”(这意味着聊天机器人有可能泄露敏感的个人信息，如果这些信息已经出现在网上，而这些人工智能背后的公司将难以履行“被遗忘权”的规定，这些规定迫使组织根据要求删除个人数据。这也意味着我们无力阻止黑客通过在训练数据中植入错误信息或错误指令来控制人工智能的输出。)可知，可知，科学家们试图教AI忘记是为了减少安全风险。故选D。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The new generation of AI-powered chatbots, which produce text in response to our prompts, are supported by large language models.”(新一代的人工智能聊天机器人，根据我们的提示生成文本，由大型语言模型支持。)可知，他们根据提示做出回应。故选C。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“He highlighted how difficult it will be for AI companies to obey the “right to be forgotten”, which the European Union declared in 2014.”(他强调，人工智能公司要遵守欧盟(European Union)在2014年宣布的“被遗忘权”(right to be forgotten)是多么困难。)可知，张博士对人工智能公司强调了遵循“被遗忘权”的困难。故选A。 D Today, we are facing a global water crisis: The UN announced five billion people will face water shortages by 2050. The World Resources Institute stated that almost half of the world's population is facing high water stress for at least one month a year. With the impacts of climate change worsening water shortages, harvesting water from air vapour (蒸气) has been highly spoken of by some as a sustainable solution to global freshwater insecurity. PHANTOR is an innovation harvesting water from air vapour. Designed by the Austrian studio DOIT, the 40-foot long atmospheric water generator can harvest 10,000 liters of water a day from ambient humidity — enough water to supply a residential apartment block or hospital. The atmospheric water generator sucks in water vapour and condenses (凝结) it into liquid using a cooling system powered by electricity or solar energy. The water passes through carbon and bacterial filters. Being available in two compact sizes, 40-foot and 20-foot shipping containers, makes them highly portable compared to other generator models. This mobility gives them the potential to reach remote communities, respond to disasters and serve water-stressed agricultural sites effectively. Their technology was recently showcased at the GREENTECH FESTIVAL in Singapore, where the company used water from the generator to water the local gardens. They estimate that in a climate like Singapore's, one 40-foot unit can produce 2.8 million liters per year. This is compared to 600,000 liters that can be produced a year in a climate like Germany's. However, one of the main drawbacks of this technology is that industrial scale water generators require a great deal of energy to operate — around 70 kW to run one unit, equal to half a football field of solar panels. They also yield substantially higher quantities of water in more wet environments, and are therefore more or less effective depending on their geographic location. 32. What is the purpose of the PHANTOR program? A. To relieve water shortage. B. To purify polluted water sources. C. To help people in remote areas get water. D. To help people reduce their daily consumption. 33. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about PHANTOR? A. How it is designed. B. How it responds effectively. C. How it harvests water. D. How it differs from other models. 34. Why does the author mention the PHANTOR in Singapore in paragraph 4? A. To display different water usage. B. To show the technology potential. C. To prove each unit has its advantage. D. To point out the generator's drawbacks. 35. Which of the following can be the best title for this text? A. Countries facing the pressing issue of lack of water B. Challenges of water security across the world C. Popularity of the atmospheric water generator D. An innovation harvesting water from air vapour 【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了大气水生成器PHANTOR的工作原理、有点和局限性以及在解决全球淡水问题上的潜力。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Today, we are facing a global water crisis: The UN announced five billion people will face water shortages by 2050.”（今天，我们正面临着全球性的水危机:联合国宣布，到2050年，将有50亿人面临水资源短缺。）根据第二段“PHANTOR is an innovation harvesting water from air vapour.”（PHANTOR是一种从空气蒸汽中收集水分的创新产品。）可知，PHANTOR计划的目的是缓解缺水。故选A项。 【33题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The atmospheric water generator sucks in water vapour and condenses（凝结）it into liquid using a cooling system powered by electricity or solar energy. The water passes through carbon and bacterial filters. Being available in two compact sizes, 40-foot and 20-foot shipping containers, makes them highly portable compared to other generator models.”（大气水发生器利用电力或太阳能驱动的冷却系统吸收水蒸气并将其凝结成液体。水通过碳和细菌过滤器。有两种紧凑的尺寸，40英尺和20英尺的集装箱，使它们与其他发电机模型相比非常便携。）可知，第三段主要关于PHANTOR它是如何收获水分的。故选C项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Their technology was recently showcased at the GREENTECH FESTIVAL in Singapore, where the company used water from the generator to water the local gardens. They estimate that in a climate like Singapore's, one 40-foot unit can produce 2.8 million liters per year. This is compared to 600,000 liters that can be produced a year in a climate like Germany's. ”（他们的技术最近在新加坡的绿色科技节上展出，该公司利用发电机的水浇灌当地的花园。他们估计，在新加坡这样的气候条件下，一个40英尺的装置每年可以生产280万升。相比之下，在德国这样的气候条件下，每年可以生产60万升葡萄酒。）可知，在第4段提到新加坡的PHANTOR的目的是展示技术潜力。故选B项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文以及第二段“PHANTOR is an innovation harvesting water from air vapour. Designed by the Austrian studio DOIT, the 40-foot long atmospheric water generator can harvest 10,000 liters of water a day from ambient humidity—enough water to supply a residential apartment block or hospital.”（PHANTOR是一种从空气蒸汽中收集水分的创新产品。这个由奥地利DOIT工作室设计的40英尺长的大气水发生器，每天可以从周围的湿度中收集1万升水，足够供一个住宅公寓楼或医院使用。）可知，短文介绍了大气水生成器PHANTOR的工作原理、有点和局限性以及在解决全球淡水问题上的潜力。所以标题为“一项从水蒸气中收集水分的创新”切题。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 These days, almost everyone has a camera on them via their phone. It’s true that there’s no substitute (代替物) for a professional camera when it comes to quality, but with a few simple steps, you can capture some pretty amazing shots with your smartphone too. ____36____ Here are some tips to help you take your smartphone photography to the next level. Take multiple shots. One of the best things about smartphone photography is that you can take as many photos as you want and there is no need to print them off to see the results. ____37____ Burst photos (连拍照片) are good to use when your subject moves. Once you’ve taken a set of burst photos, you can then select the best shots. ____38____ Very few smartphones can produce excellent indoor shots due to their small sensors. Therefore, it’s best to take photos outdoors in the proper lighting conditions to get better results. Lighting determines not only brightness and darkness, but also mood, tone and the atmosphere of the photo. Use HDR mode. ____39____ It adds detail from the dark and light areas to provide better balanced exposure. In other words, it will stop the sky being too bright or the ground being too dark and really suits landscape photography. If there’s a big difference between the lightest and darkest parts of your scene, using the HDR function is a good option. Edit your photos. The editing tools or some apps on your phone can help you adjust the color, brightness and more. After being edited, your photos will look significantly better. ____40____ Finally, if you want to know how to take a professional photo with your phone, the best tip of all is to practice! A. Use natural light. B. Are you ready to learn how? C. And you’ll definitely be proud of your photos. D. Why can’t we take good photos with smartphones? E. This mode is increasingly common on many smartphones. F. This makes it much easier to learn and improve from your results. G. Try different modes on your phones to find the proper lighting condition. 【答案】36. B 37. F 38. A 39. E 40. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些智能手机摄影技巧。 【36题详解】 根据上文“These days, almost everyone has a camera on them via their phone. It’s true that there’s no substitute (代替物) for a professional camera when it comes to quality, but with a few simple steps, you can capture some pretty amazing shots with your smartphone too.(如今，几乎每个人的手机上都有摄像头。的确，就质量而言，没有什么可以替代专业相机，但只需几个简单的步骤，你也可以用智能手机拍出一些非常惊人的照片)”以及后文“Here are some tips to help you take your smartphone photography to the next level.(这里有一些技巧可以帮助你把你的智能手机摄影提升到一个新的水平)”可知，本句为过渡句，通过设问承上启下，说明学习摄影技巧。故B选项“你准备好学习了吗？”符合语境，故选B。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Take multiple shots. One of the best things about smartphone photography is that you can take as many photos as you want and there is no need to print them off to see the results.(多拍几张。智能手机拍照最棒的一点是，你可以想拍多少就拍多少，而且不需要打印出来看结果)”可知，本句承接上文，总结智能手机不需用打印出来看结果的好处。故F选项“这使你更容易从结果中学习和提高”符合语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 根据后文“Very few smartphones can produce excellent indoor shots due to their small sensors. Therefore, it’s best to take photos outdoors in the proper lighting conditions to get better results. Lighting determines not only brightness and darkness, but also mood, tone and the atmosphere of the photo.(由于传感器小，很少有智能手机能拍出出色的室内照片。因此，最好在户外适当的光线条件下拍摄，以获得更好的效果。灯光不仅决定了明暗，还决定了照片的情绪、色调和氛围)”可知，后文提到最好在户外适当的光线条件下拍摄，户外即强调使用自然光。故A选项“使用自然光”符合语境，故选A。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Use HDR mode.(使用HDR模式)”以及后文“It adds detail from the dark and light areas to provide better balanced exposure. In other words, it will stop the sky being too bright or the ground being too dark and really suits landscape photography. If there’s a big difference between the lightest and darkest parts of your scene, using the HDR function is a good option.(它增加了黑暗和光明区域的细节，以提供更好的平衡曝光。换句话说，它会阻止天空太亮或地面太暗，非常适合风景摄影。如果你的场景中最亮和最暗的部分之间有很大的差异，使用HDR功能是一个不错的选择)”可知，本句承接上文，继续介绍HDR模式的特点。故E选项“这种模式在许多智能手机上越来越普遍”符合语境，故选E。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Edit your photos. The editing tools or some apps on your phone can help you adjust the color, brightness and more. After being edited, your photos will look significantly better.(编辑你的照片。手机上的编辑工具或一些应用程序可以帮助你调整颜色、亮度等。经过编辑后，你的照片看起来会好很多)”可知，上文提到了编辑过的照片看起来好很多，本句为本段最后一句，推测说明对照片的感受。故C选项“你一定会为你的照片感到骄傲的”符合语境，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mary developed undulant fever at the age of 4. The disease can cause temporary paralysis (瘫痪). ____41____, Mary was left unable to walk for some time. She is now 92 years old and goes to the ____42____ twice a week. She even drives there by herself to take exercise, but if you look back at her life you’d never ____43____ her to end up with this type of life. Undulant fever is rare nowadays but it was common in the past due to milk ____44____. Milk was often contaminated (受污染的) and ____45____ a lot of bacteria (细菌). When Mary ____46____ from the fever, her body had forgotten how to walk. ____47____, she had to teach herself to walk again. One day when her family had gone to work, Mary was left at home. She decided to ____48____ her mother when she returned. Mary ____49____ all day again and again. When her mother returned, Mary surprised her by showing off her new ____50____ to walk. A short distance as it was, her mother was extremely ____51____. Since then Mary’s family has showed more ____52____ than love to her for her determination. Now she still can’t walk easily without help, but she never gives up. She ____53____ going because of her philosophy — “If I give up, I won’t get up again”. Her family are blessed to have such a (n) ____54____ woman as an inspiration for their lives. She won’t be with them for the rest of their lives, but she will continue to inspire them until her time comes. I hope everybody can ____55____ the gift of walking, which we take for granted, as much as Mary. 41. A. Suddenly B. Unusually C. Accidentally D. Unfortunately 42. A. clinic B. restaurant C. church D. gym 43. A. persuade B. recommend C. expect D. allow 44. A. pollution B. shortage C. promotion D. price 45. A. kept B. contained C. produced D. sought 46. A. escaped B. retired C. recovered D. returned 47. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However 48. A. ask B. follow C. surprise D. remind 49. A. jumped B. ran C. sang D. practiced 50. A. ability B. energy C. potential D. knowledge 51. A. annoyed B. disappointed C. excited D. frightened 52. A. respect B. anxiety C. interest D. wisdom 53. A. forgets B. keeps C. stops D. avoids 54. A. honest B. selfless C. courageous D. generous 55. A. imagine B. describe C. purchase D. appreciate 【答案】41. D 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了玛丽四岁时患了波状热，导致暂时性瘫痪，无法行走。但是玛丽没有放弃，她通过练习重新得到了走路的能力，赢得了家人的尊重，也激励着他人。 【41题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，玛丽有一段时间不能走路了。A. Suddenly突然；B. Unusually非常；C. Accidentally意外地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“Mary was left unable to walk for some time.”可知，玛丽无法走路，是不幸地。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她现在92岁了，每周去两次健身房。A. clinic诊所；B. restaurant餐厅；C. church教堂；D. gym健身房。根据后文“She even drives there by herself to take exercise”可知，经常去健身房锻炼。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至自己开车去那里锻炼，但是如果你回顾她的生活，你永远不会想到她会以这种生活结束。A. persuade说服；B. recommend推荐；C. expect预料；D. allow允许。根据后文“her to end up with this type of life”可知，玛丽如今身体健康，但是曾经她无法行走，所以无法预料到会这样健康地结束她的生活。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：波状热现在很少见，但过去由于牛奶污染很常见。A. pollution污染；B. shortage缺乏；C. promotion升职；D. price价格。根据后文“Milk was often contaminated”可知，牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌，即牛奶被污染了。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌。A. kept保持；B. contained包含；C. produced产生；D. sought寻找。根据上文“Milk was often contaminated”可知，牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当玛丽从发烧中恢复过来时，她的身体已经忘记了如何走路。A. escaped逃走；B. retired退休；C. recovered恢复；D. returned返回。根据后文“from the fever, her body had forgotten how to walk”指玛丽从发烧中恢复过来，但是忘记了如何走路。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她不得不重新自学走路。A. Instead相反；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。上文“ her body had forgotten how to walk”提到身体已经忘记了如何走路，与后文学习走路为因果关系，应用therefore。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定回来时给母亲一个惊喜。A. ask询问；B. follow跟随；C. surprise给……惊喜；D. remind提醒。根据后文“Mary surprised her”可知，玛丽决定给母亲一个惊喜。故选C。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽整天一遍又一遍地练习。A. jumped跳跃；B. ran奔跑；C. sang唱歌；D. practiced练习。根据上文“she had to teach herself to walk again.”以及后文拥有了走路的能力，推测她为此做了很多练习。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她母亲回来时，玛丽炫耀她的新走路能力，使她感到惊讶。A. ability能力；B. energy能量；C. potential潜能；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“A short distance as it was”可知，玛丽拥有了走路的能力，虽然距离很短，故选A。 51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然距离很近，但她的母亲非常兴奋。A. annoyed生气的；B. disappointed失望的；C. excited激动的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“A short distance as it was, her mother was extremely”为as引导让步状语从句，表示转折关系，说明虽然距离很近，但她的母亲非常兴奋。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，玛丽的家人对她的尊重多于对她的爱。A. respect尊重；B. anxiety焦虑；C. interest兴趣；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“Mary’s family has showed more”以及玛丽凭借自己拥有了走路的能力，赢得了家人的尊重。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她坚持下去是因为她的哲学——“如果我放弃了，我就不会再站起来了”。A. forgets忘记；B. keeps保持；C. stops停止；D. avoids避免。根据后文“If I give up, I won’t get up again”可知，玛丽拥有坚持下去的品质。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的家人很幸运，有这样一个勇敢的女人激励着他们的生活。A. honest诚实的；B. selfless无私的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. generous慷慨的。根据后文“as an inspiration for their lives”可知，玛丽凭借自己拥有了走路的能力，激励着家人，是一个勇敢的女人。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望每个人都能像玛丽一样感激走路的天赋，而不要当做是理所当然的。A. imagine想象；B. describe描述；C. purchase购买；D. appreciate感激。根据后文“the gift of walking, which we take for granted, as much as Mary”可知，作者建议要像玛丽一样感激走路的能力，不要当做理所当然。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first national museum dedicated to scientists will open its doors in Beijing on Thursday. It aims to showcase ____56____ (significance) achievements of Chinese scientists and promote the spirit of scientific exploration. One of the museum’s six opening ____57____ (exhibition) is Return — Exhibition of US-educated Scientists Returning to China in the 1950s, which tells the stories of outstanding scientists ____58____ returned to China from the United States after the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The exhibition features 17 US-ducated scientists, including Liang Sili, Qian Xuesen, Deng Jiaxian and Shen Shanjing. The museum also features exhibitions of senior scientists’ ____59____ (academy) materials, a commemoration (纪念活动) of the centenary of Deng’s birth, an exploration of Qian’s motivations ____60____ a look at engineering culture through industrial heritage. “Many aspects of our life were created by the older generation ____61____ scientists. We live in a peaceful era (年代), and we did not experience the history, so we need to understand their stories through exhibitions and history,” said Wang Fei, a guide from the Qian Xuesen Library. Through repeatedly ____62____ (tell) the stories of the outstanding scientists, Wang said she felt fortunate ____63____ (live) in such an era. She also emphasized ____64____ importance of introducing the spirit of scientists to the public through exhibitions, _____65_____ (especial) hoping to sow a seed of patriotism (爱国主义) in the hearts of children. 【答案】56. significant 57. exhibitions 58. who##that 59. academic 60. and 61. of 62. telling 63. to live 64. the 65. especially 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述北京即将开放的科学家博物馆及其展览，强调科学家精神与爱国情怀的传承。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它旨在展示中国科学家的重要成就，并弘扬科学探索的精神。本空修饰名词“achievements”，需要用significance的形容词significant意为“重要的”，作前置定语。故填significant。 【57题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：博物馆六个开幕展览之一是“归来——1950年代从美国归国科学家展览”，它讲述了中华人民共和国成立后从美国回到中国的杰出科学家的故事。根据“six opening”可知，表示六个开幕展览，需要使用“exhibition”的复数形式。故填exhibitions。 【58题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：博物馆六个开幕展览之一是“归来——1950年代从美国归国科学家展览”，它讲述了中华人民共和国成立后从美国回到中国的杰出科学家的故事。本空引导定语从句，先行词是“outstanding scientists”，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或者that引导。故填who/that。 【59题详解】 考查形容词。句意：该博物馆还展出了资深科学家的学术资料，纪念邓小平诞辰一百周年的活动，探讨钱学森的动机，以及通过工业遗产审视工程文化。本空修饰名词“materials”，需要用academy的形容词academic意为“学术的”，作前置定语。故填academic。 【60题详解】 考查连词。句意：该博物馆还展出了资深科学家的学术资料，纪念邓小平诞辰一百周年的活动，探讨钱学森的动机，以及通过工业遗产审视工程文化。根据句子结构，空处需要连词来连接并列的部分，作并列宾语。故填and。 【61题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们生活的许多方面都是由老一辈科学家创造的。根据“the older generation”和“scientists”，本空需要介词of来连接两部分，表示所属关系。故填of。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：王菲说，通过反复讲述杰出科学家的故事，她感到很幸运能生活在这样一个时代。介词through后用动词tell的动名词telling，作宾语。故填telling。 【63题详解】 考查不定式。句意：王菲说，通过反复讲述杰出科学家的故事，她感到很幸运能生活在这样一个时代。根据“felt fortunate”可知，空处需要用不定式来表达原因。故填to live。 【64题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她还强调了通过展览向公众介绍科学家精神的重要性，特别是希望在孩子们心中播下爱国主义的种子。本空修饰名词“importance of introducing the spirit of scientists”，应用定冠词the，表特指。故填the。 【65题详解】 考查副词。句意：她还强调了通过展览向公众介绍科学家精神的重要性，特别是希望在孩子们心中播下爱国主义的种子。空处修饰动词hoping，应用especial的副词形式especially，表示程度。故填especially。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“一次难忘的劳动经历”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1．简述经历；2．你的收获。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 An Unforgettable Labor Experience _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： An Unforgettable Labor Experience Last summer, I volunteered at a local community garden, which turned out to be an unforgettable experience. Each day at the garden presented new challenges and rewards. From pulling weeds to planting seeds, every task required diligence and dedication. One particularly memorable moment was when we harvested our first crop of tomatoes. As we gathered around the garden beds, our faces beaming with pride, I realized the profound impact of our collective efforts-we had transformed barren soil into a rich harvest. This experience left a lasting mark on my mind. Not only did it provide me with practical skills and knowledge, but it also filled me with gratitude for the opportunity to be part of a community dedicated to making the world a greener place. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给以“一次难忘的劳动经历”为题，写一篇短文参加你校正在组织英语作文比赛。内容包括：简述经历和你的收获。 【详解】1.词汇积累 难忘的：unforgettable→memorable 影响： impact→influence 感激：gratitude→ appreciation 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： This experience left a lasting mark on my mind. 拓展句：It is obvious that this experience left a lasting mark on my mind. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last summer, I volunteered at a local community garden, which turned out to be an unforgettable experience.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】 One particularly memorable moment was when we harvested our first crop of tomatoes. （运用了when引导的表语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My nine-year-old daughter, Jessica, is a friendly soul. From the time she was tiny, she would march right up to strangers on the street and say, “Hello!” Her brown eyes would twinkle, and she’d be showing a big smile on her face. I wish she weren’t so social. Not only because she is young and female, but also because she has a disability: She has a cognitive (认知的) disability, with a weakened brain disorder and abnormal behavior. That’s why I’ve done my best to control my nervousness. Children with a weakened brain disorder don’t relate well to others, and I don’t want to discourage her attempts. I worry, though, that people will be cold to her or be cruel to her, or that she will trust the wrong person. Happily in our small town, when Jessica strikes up a conversation with someone, that person almost always responds kindly to her. She never expects to be refused, but I am always tense and ready to collect the pieces if it happens. “What’s your name?” she asks total strangers. “Do you have a dog? How old are you?” It always surprises me that people patiently answer her queries. They must sense something about Jessica, as she’s a little bit different. They never seem to expect me to stop her, although I’ve tried. “We don’t ask adults that,” I say. “That’s a rude question, sweetie.” She asks anyway, and people tell her. When she is done with her question, she will turn to me and say, “We know Michelle now,” or “That is Mrs. Crawford.” She moves them easily from one category to another: people we don’t know or people we do know. Strangers are merely people she hasn’t yet asked for their names. I’m less sure that finding out their names means we know them. It’s a small but easy-going town, and I don’t worry too much about it. She doesn’t go around without supervision (监督) or share anything too personal. Talking to strangers in our small town is normal. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I thought in New York City, which we visited last year, it was another thing. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I couldn’t explain the difference between small towns and big cities because everyone was so kind. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： I thought in New York City, which we visited last year, it was another thing. I wasn’t surprised to hear her saying “hello” to every single person we saw as we walked along the streets of midtown Manhattan, but I certainly wasn’t comfortable. On the first day, I decided not to try to stop her. “This will be a good lesson for her. People may just ignore her — these are New Yorkers, after all,” I thought. And then when we got back to the hotel, she and I talked about the difference between people in big cities and small towns. And maybe she would learn not to talk to strangers. I couldn’t explain the difference between small towns and big cities because everyone was so kind. Every single person she said “hello” to said “hello” right back — the busy businessmen, the tourists with their cameras at the ready or the doormen standing at attention in their uniforms. She even said “hello” to the homeless people. I felt something inside me weaken: a wall, perhaps, I never even knew I had built. Because I expected people to be indifferent to me, or to be judgmental, I never expected kindness, not like Jessica, who always does. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿杰西卡总是对人友善，作者担心人们会对她冷淡或残忍，或者她会信任错误的人。作者回想起他们去年去纽约的时候，杰西卡和路人打招呼，通过和女儿讨论大城市和小城镇居民的不同之处，作者明白了对人友好不是一种坏事，只是自己不期待别人对自己友善。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我想在我们去年去过的纽约，那是另一回事”可知，第一段可描写作者和女儿在纽约的见闻和作者和女儿讨论大城市和小城镇居民的不同之处。 ②由第二段首句内容“我无法解释小城镇和大城市之间的区别，因为每个人都很友善”可知，第二段可描写作者开始明白女儿的友善不是一种坏事。 2.续写线索：去纽约——女儿和街上的人打招呼——作者想给女儿一个教训——回到酒店讨论不同之处——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①忽视：ignore/neglect ②返回：get back to/return to ③预料：expect/anticipate 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprised/astonished ②善良：kindness/good-deed 【点睛】[高分句型1] I wasn’t surprised to hear her saying “hello” to every single person we saw as we walked along the streets of midtown Manhattan, but I certainly wasn’t comfortable. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Because I expected people to be indifferent to me, or to be judgmental, I never expected kindness, not like Jessica, who always does. (运用了because引导原因状语从句和who引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二英语考试 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 At what time was the fire put out? A. Two o’clock. B. Four o’clock. C. Five o’clock. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the weather like now? A. Snowy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Whose car does Jenny have now? A. Her father’s car. B. Her mother’s car. C. Her own car. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At an airport. B. In a factory. C. In a classroom. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will the speakers probably go home? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6 What does the man invite the woman to do this Saturday? A. Have lunch. B. Do some shopping. C. Go to a gallery opening. 7. What does the woman want to know at the end? A. What to wear. B. How to get the destination. C. When to come back. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is wrong with Kathy? A. She is upset because she failed the exam. B. She is worried about her classmate Don. C. She can’t get on well with her father. 9. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Midterm exams. B. School education. C. Pressure from parents. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What do we know about the man? A. He got a raise. B. He just got a new job. C. He moved into a new house. 11. What kind of TV set does the woman suggest? A A small one. B. A big one. C. A cheap one. 12. Why does the woman give the man such a suggestion? A. Prices will go up soon. B New products come out every year. C. His living room isn’t very big. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where is the meat shelf? A. In the back of the store. B. To the left of the speaker. C. On the other side from the bakery. 14. How often does the man go to the supermarket? A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once a fortnight, 15. What does the woman offer to do for the man? A. Find some oranges for him. B. Help organize the locations. C. Report his opinion with her manager. 16. What is the man likely to buy? A. Soap. B. Bread. C. Pork. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Who is the book for? A. Young children. B. Parents. C. Teachers. 18. What happens to Vanessa on her first day in school? A. She is badly treated by another child. B. She plays poorly in the games. C. She spends her time alone. 19. How does Vanessa’s classmate help her? A. By walking together with her. B. By inviting her for dinner. C. By telling her what to do. 20. What might the speaker be doing? A. Reading her new picture book. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Giving a class. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Every year, millions of people watch tennis games to celebrate the spirit of tennis. Here are four major tennis events, which are also known as the Grand Slam tournaments (大满贯赛事), helping you know the sport better. The US Open The US Open, the fourth Grand Slam of the tennis year, has its roots in 1881. It is held at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York, usually between late August and early September. Played on hard courts, the US Open is known for its hard playing surface, which rewards powerful serves and aggressive play. The French Open The French Open, also known as the Roland-Garros tournament, dating back to 1891. It is held annually at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, typically between late May and early June. The tournament is played on clay courts (红土网球场), which are known for slow pace and high bounce, favoring players with strong baseline play and good sliding performance. The Australian Open The Australian Open or the AO, the calendar year’s first Grand Slam, began in 1905. It has evolved into a major event in professional tennis playing, held annually in Melbourne, in January. Played on hard courts, the AO is famous for its hot and often windy conditions, which test players’ adaptability and endurance (忍耐力). The Championships, Wimbledon Known for the grass courts, it has been held since 1877 in Wimbledon, London, which is also celebrated for its fast play and the strict tradition of wearing all-white attire (服装). The tournament takes place annually in late June and early July. Its unique seeding system and the high honour associated with winning the title make it one of the prizes each wants in tennis. 21. What do the US Open and the Australian Open have in common? A. The type of the court is the same. B. The slow-paced players benefit more. C. The origin dates from the 1900s. D. The game is unaffected by the weather. 22. Which competition site features the red dirt? A. The US Open. B. The French Open. C. The Australian Open. D. The Championships, Wimbledon. 23. What is special about the Championships Wimbledon? A. It allows participants to wear colourful clothing. B. It offers the playing field with grass as a highlight. C. It is regarded as the hardest one in the tennis world. D. It runs as the last one in the yearly Grand Slam games. B “When I was young, I told my mother that I would go to China to learn kung fu one day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I got there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mom, guess where I am. I’m at the Shaolin Temple!’,” says Max Yollando, a young man from Coted’Ivoire, sharing his attachment for Chinese culture. Yollando is also known as Yanming, the Chinese name he was given by his teacher at the Shaolin Temple, where the “Shaolin kung fu” was born, and which today is like a magnet (磁铁) for fans from all over the world. At the time, Yollando was a student at the Felix Houphouet-Boigny University in Abidjan. Motivated by his passion for Chinese culture, he signed up at the Confucius Institute to study Chinese. In late 2016, he had the opportunity to visit the temple in Henan Province on a three-month exchange. This experience defined his close relationship with traditional Chinese culture. After returning to Cote d’Ivoire, Yollando continued to practice Chinese and study traditional Chinese culture. In July 2017, he returned to the Shaolin Temple again and remained there for six years. His years at the temple reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditation (冥想) greatly changed him, and allowed him to better understand and appreciate traditional Chinese culture. He says the most impressive things he noticed that rooted in Chinese culture are the love of work, respect and recognition. At the end of 2022, when he completed his studies at the temple, he began working at a Shaolin cultural center in Zambia. The first of its kind in Africa, the center is home to 30 orphans (孤儿), who are taught Chinese language and traditional Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part of the course. For Yollando, the purpose of studying Chinese culture was to be able to return to Africa to introduce Chinese values to his compatriots (同胞). “The culture fascinated me because in China, people make an effort to work better, and they are very respectful and grateful to their family and country,” he says. 24. Which can replace the underlined word “attachment” in paragraph 1? A. Confusion. B. Disappointment. C. Affection. D. Investigation. 25. What made Yollando truly related to traditional Chinese culture? A. Learning Chinese at the Confucius Institute. B. Visiting the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province. C. Reading traditional Chinese culture books. D. Working at a Shaolin cultural center. 26. Which of the following can best describe Yollando? A. Brave. B. Determined. C. Humorous. D. Organized. 27. What can we learn about the Shaolin cultural center in Zambia? A. Its courses are all about Chinese culture. B. It was funded by the Shaolin Temple. C. It is an official authorized agency. D. It is a charity. C Recently, as a journalist, I have published many stories about social media, privacy and artificial intelligence(AI), among other things. So when a chatbot(聊天机器人)told me that my output may have influenced its responses to other people’s prompts(提示), I rushed to wipe my data from its memory. I quickly discovered, however, there is no delete button. AI-powered chatbots, which are trained on datasets including vast numbers of websites and online articles, never forget what they have learned. That means chatbots are possible to let out sensitive personal information, if it has appeared online, and that the companies behind these AIs will struggle to make good on “right-to-be-forgotten” regulations, which force organizations to remove personal data on request. It also means we are powerless to stop hackers controlling AI outputs by. planting misinformation or ill instructions in training data. All of these explain why many computer scientists are busy teaching AIs to forget. While they are finding that it is extremely difficult, “machine unlearning” solutions are beginning to appear. And the work could prove vital beyond addressing concerns over privacy and misinformation. The new generation of AI-powered chatbots, which produce text in response to our prompts, are supported by large language models. These are trained on mountains of data, most of which is downloaded from the Internet. From this, they learn to spot statistical(统计的)patterns, which means they can predict the likeliest next word in a sentence, producing fluent answers to our every question. The trouble is the way AI chatbots work, which means that when they learn something, it can’t be forgotten. This creates a significant problem when it comes to privacy, as Dr. Zhang made clear in recent research. He highlighted how difficult it will be for AI companies to obey the “right to be forgotten”, which the European Union declared in 2014. 28. What causes chatbots to store what they have learned forever? A. Their storage of training data. B. Their users’ prompt. C. Strong review ability. D. Lack of a delete button. 29. Why do many computer scientists try to teach AI to forget? A. To copy human completely. B. To store limited information. C. To update regularly. D. To reduce security risks. 30. What can we know about the chatbots from paragraph 3? A. They can answer each question correctly. B. They learn from the designers’ limited data. C. They make response based on the prompts. D. They can predict language models’ future. 31. What problem did Dr. Zhang highlight for AI companies? A. The difficulty in following the “right to be forgotten”. B. The lack of technological advancements in AI. C. The opposition from the European Union. D. The concerns of privacy. D Today, we are facing a global water crisis: The UN announced five billion people will face water shortages by 2050. The World Resources Institute stated that almost half of the world's population is facing high water stress for at least one month a year. With the impacts of climate change worsening water shortages, harvesting water from air vapour (蒸气) has been highly spoken of by some as a sustainable solution to global freshwater insecurity. PHANTOR is an innovation harvesting water from air vapour. Designed by the Austrian studio DOIT, the 40-foot long atmospheric water generator can harvest 10,000 liters of water a day from ambient humidity — enough water to supply a residential apartment block or hospital. The atmospheric water generator sucks in water vapour and condenses (凝结) it into liquid using a cooling system powered by electricity or solar energy. The water passes through carbon and bacterial filters. Being available in two compact sizes, 40-foot and 20-foot shipping containers, makes them highly portable compared to other generator models. This mobility gives them the potential to reach remote communities, respond to disasters and serve water-stressed agricultural sites effectively. Their technology was recently showcased at the GREENTECH FESTIVAL in Singapore, where the company used water from the generator to water the local gardens. They estimate that in a climate like Singapore's, one 40-foot unit can produce 2.8 million liters per year. This is compared to 600,000 liters that can be produced a year in a climate like Germany's. However, one of the main drawbacks of this technology is that industrial scale water generators require a great deal of energy to operate — around 70 kW to run one unit, equal to half a football field of solar panels. They also yield substantially higher quantities of water in more wet environments, and are therefore more or less effective depending on their geographic location. 32. What is the purpose of the PHANTOR program? A. To relieve water shortage. B. To purify polluted water sources. C. To help people in remote areas get water. D. To help people reduce their daily consumption. 33. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about PHANTOR? A. How it is designed. B. How it responds effectively. C. How it harvests water. D. How it differs from other models. 34. Why does the author mention the PHANTOR in Singapore in paragraph 4? A. To display different water usage. B. To show the technology potential. C. To prove each unit has its advantage. D. To point out the generator's drawbacks. 35. Which of the following can be the best title for this text? A. Countries facing the pressing issue of lack of water B. Challenges of water security across the world C. Popularity of the atmospheric water generator D. An innovation harvesting water from air vapour 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 These days, almost everyone has a camera on them via their phone. It’s true that there’s no substitute (代替物) for a professional camera when it comes to quality, but with a few simple steps, you can capture some pretty amazing shots with your smartphone too. ____36____ Here are some tips to help you take your smartphone photography to the next level. Take multiple shots. One of the best things about smartphone photography is that you can take as many photos as you want and there is no need to print them off to see the results. ____37____ Burst photos (连拍照片) are good to use when your subject moves. Once you’ve taken a set of burst photos, you can then select the best shots. ____38____ Very few smartphones can produce excellent indoor shots due to their small sensors. Therefore, it’s best to take photos outdoors in the proper lighting conditions to get better results. Lighting determines not only brightness and darkness, but also mood, tone and the atmosphere of the photo. Use HDR mode. ____39____ It adds detail from the dark and light areas to provide better balanced exposure. In other words, it will stop the sky being too bright or the ground being too dark and really suits landscape photography. If there’s a big difference between the lightest and darkest parts of your scene, using the HDR function is a good option. Edit your photos. The editing tools or some apps on your phone can help you adjust the color, brightness and more. After being edited, your photos will look significantly better. ____40____ Finally, if you want to know how to take a professional photo with your phone, the best tip of all is to practice! A. Use natural light. B. Are you ready to learn how? C. And you’ll definitely be proud of your photos. D. Why can’t we take good photos with smartphones? E. This mode is increasingly common on many smartphones. F. This makes it much easier to learn and improve from your results. G. Try different modes on your phones to find the proper lighting condition. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mary developed undulant fever at the age of 4. The disease can cause temporary paralysis (瘫痪). ____41____, Mary was left unable to walk for some time. She is now 92 years old and goes to the ____42____ twice a week. She even drives there by herself to take exercise, but if you look back at her life you’d never ____43____ her to end up with this type of life. Undulant fever is rare nowadays but it was common in the past due to milk ____44____. Milk was often contaminated (受污染的) and ____45____ a lot of bacteria (细菌). When Mary ____46____ from the fever, her body had forgotten how to walk. ____47____, she had to teach herself to walk again. One day when her family had gone to work, Mary was left at home. She decided to ____48____ her mother when she returned. Mary ____49____ all day again and again. When her mother returned, Mary surprised her by showing off her new ____50____ to walk. A short distance as it was, her mother was extremely ____51____. Since then Mary’s family has showed more ____52____ than love to her for her determination. Now she still can’t walk easily without help, but she never gives up. She ____53____ going because of her philosophy — “If I give up, I won’t get up again”. Her family are blessed to have such a (n) ____54____ woman as an inspiration for their lives. She won’t be with them for the rest of their lives, but she will continue to inspire them until her time comes. I hope everybody can ____55____ the gift of walking, which we take for granted, as much as Mary. 41. A. Suddenly B. Unusually C. Accidentally D. Unfortunately 42. A. clinic B. restaurant C. church D. gym 43. A. persuade B. recommend C. expect D. allow 44. A. pollution B. shortage C. promotion D. price 45. A. kept B. contained C. produced D. sought 46. A. escaped B. retired C. recovered D. returned 47. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However 48. A. ask B. follow C. surprise D. remind 49. A. jumped B. ran C. sang D. practiced 50. A. ability B. energy C. potential D. knowledge 51. A. annoyed B. disappointed C. excited D. frightened 52. A. respect B. anxiety C. interest D. wisdom 53. A. forgets B. keeps C. stops D. avoids 54. A. honest B. selfless C. courageous D. generous 55. A. imagine B. describe C. purchase D. appreciate 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first national museum dedicated to scientists will open its doors in Beijing on Thursday. It aims to showcase ____56____ (significance) achievements of Chinese scientists and promote the spirit of scientific exploration. One of the museum’s six opening ____57____ (exhibition) is Return — Exhibition of US-educated Scientists Returning to China in the 1950s, which tells the stories of outstanding scientists ____58____ returned to China from the United States after the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The exhibition features 17 US-ducated scientists, including Liang Sili, Qian Xuesen, Deng Jiaxian and Shen Shanjing. The museum also features exhibitions of senior scientists’ ____59____ (academy) materials, a commemoration (纪念活动) of the centenary of Deng’s birth, an exploration of Qian’s motivations ____60____ a look at engineering culture through industrial heritage. “Many aspects of our life were created by the older generation ____61____ scientists. We live in a peaceful era (年代), and we did not experience the history, so we need to understand their stories through exhibitions and history,” said Wang Fei, a guide from the Qian Xuesen Library. Through repeatedly ____62____ (tell) the stories of the outstanding scientists, Wang said she felt fortunate ____63____ (live) in such an era. She also emphasized ____64____ importance of introducing the spirit of scientists to the public through exhibitions, _____65_____ (especial) hoping to sow a seed of patriotism (爱国主义) in the hearts of children. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“一次难忘的劳动经历”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1．简述经历；2．你的收获。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 An Unforgettable Labor Experience _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My nine-year-old daughter, Jessica, is a friendly soul. From the time she was tiny, she would march right up to strangers on the street and say, “Hello!” Her brown eyes would twinkle, and she’d be showing a big smile on her face. I wish she weren’t so social. Not only because she is young and female, but also because she has a disability: She has a cognitive (认知的) disability, with a weakened brain disorder and abnormal behavior. That’s why I’ve done my best to control my nervousness. Children with a weakened brain disorder don’t relate well to others, and I don’t want to discourage her attempts. I worry, though, that people will be cold to her or be cruel to her, or that she will trust the wrong person. Happily, in our small town, when Jessica strikes up a conversation with someone, that person almost always responds kindly to her. She never expects to be refused, but I am always tense and ready to collect the pieces if it happens. “What’s your name?” she asks total strangers. “Do you have a dog? How old are you?” It always surprises me that people patiently answer her queries. They must sense something about Jessica, as she’s a little bit different. They never seem to expect me to stop her, although I’ve tried. “We don’t ask adults that,” I say. “That’s a rude question, sweetie.” She asks anyway, and people tell her. When she is done with her question, she will turn to me and say, “We know Michelle now,” or “That is Mrs. Crawford.” She moves them easily from one category to another: people we don’t know or people we do know. Strangers are merely people she hasn’t yet asked for their names. I’m less sure that finding out their names means we know them. It’s a small but easy-going town, and I don’t worry too much about it. She doesn’t go around without supervision (监督) or share anything too personal. Talking to strangers in our small town is normal. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I thought in New York City, which we visited last year, it was another thing. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I couldn’t explain the difference between small towns and big cities because everyone was so kind. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null