精品解析：山东省潍坊青州市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第一次期末模拟（6月段考）英语试题

高一普通部下学期英语6月份段考试题 考试时间120分钟 满分150分 第一部分 听力（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第一节 (共 5 小题) 1. Who will look after Cindy today? A. Adam. B. Nancy. C. Olivia. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Wear a coat. B. Change to a T-shirt. C. Buy some new clothes. 3. What does the woman think of the watch? A. It is historic. B. It is out of fashion. C. It is popular. 4. Why will the woman visit Jane? A. Jane is ill. B. Jane will hold a party. C. Jane just gave birth to a baby. 5. What does the woman mean? A. They would expand the kitchen. B. They needn’t buy anything now. C. They should make dinner at home. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Asking for help. C. Giving some advice. 7. What will Emily do tonight? A. Do some exercise. B. Go for a trip. C. Prepare for an exam. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman plan to do first? A. Show the man around. B. Introduce the team. C. Make a coffee. 9. How many hours does the man have to work per day? A. Five. B. Eight. C. Nine. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the color of the woman’s bike? A. Green. B. Brown. C. Black. 11. Where are the speakers? A. In Britain. B. In Holland. C. In America. 12. What will the speakers do before moving to other stores? A. Get some coffee. B. Have lunch together. C. Bargain with the shop owner. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Host and guest. C. Husband and wife. 14. Why does the man want to retire in advance? A. To accompany his family. B. To travel with friends. C. To start a new career. 15. What will the man do this Wednesday? A. Visit his children. B. Travel around the world. C. Reunite with his parents. 16 How does the man feel about his retired life? A. Stressed. B. Pleased. C. Bored. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Some school activities. B. Old safety problems. C. New parking rules. 18. Where should parents park their cars after 8:35 a.m.? A. At the school gate. B. At a parking area nearby. C. At the school parking lot. 19. How long does it usually take students to leave the school building? A. About 5 to 10 minutes. B. About 10 to 20 minutes. C. About half an hour. 20. When can parents park at the school gate without getting a traffic ticket? A. After 3:00 p.m. B. After 3:05 p.m. C. After 3:15 p.m. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A In this post, we’ll introduce some top robotics competitions open to high schoolers. Keep reading to learn more. Botball Educational Robotics Program Level: Regional and national competitions available Grades: 9th, 10th. 11th, 12th Over a period of about seven weeks, students learn to code(编程) and develop complex strategies to use artificial intelligence. This allows them to create an autonomous robot together that competes in an annual game challenging against other teams in competitions at various levels across the country. FIRST: Robotics Competition Level: Local, regional and national competitions available Grades: 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th Teams work together with professional teachers to design, assemble(装配), and test an industrial-sized robot .The robot then competes in a head-to-head field game against other teams. Robo Games Level: International Grades: All ages and backgrounds This self-claimed “Olympics of robots” and current largest open robot competition challenges participants in a wide variety of events to display various skills. Amateurs, professionals, young and old alike are invited to participate with the goal of winning prizes, expanding educational service, and recognizing robot-builders in the public eye. Zero Robotics High School Tournament Level: International, including the U.S. and member countries of the European Space Agency Grades: 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th This fascinating competition begins with robots called SPHERES inside the International Space Station. The first phase of the competition is entirely online, in which competitors code the SPHERES to meet a yearly challenge. Finalists compete in person, onboard the International Space Station, conducted live in microgravity by a real astronaut! 1. What do the first and second robotics competitions have in common? A. Teamwork is a must in competitions. B. They have the same goals and rules. C. The robot is tested before competitions. D. They are completely of the same level. 2. Which of the competitions has no age limitation? A. Bot ball Educational Robotics Program. B. FIRST: Robotics Competition. C. Robo Games. D. Zero Robotics High School Tournament. 3. What can we learn about Zero Robotics High School Tournament? A. It is held by the European Space Agency. B. It is a local robotics competition. C. The whole competition is conducted online. D. The final competition is held at the International Space Station. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个对高中生开放的顶级机器人比赛。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Botball Educational Robotics Program部分中的“This allows them to create an autonomous robot together that competes in an annual game challenging against other teams in competitions at various levels across the country.”（这使他们能够共同创造一个自动机器人，参加一年一度的比赛，在全国不同级别的比赛中与其他团队竞争。）和FIRST: Robotics Competition部分中的“Teams work together with professional teachers to design, assemble(装配), and test an industrial-sized robot The robot then competes in a head-to-head field game against other teams.”（团队与专业教师一起设计、组装和测试工业大小的机器人，然后与其他团队进行面对面的比赛。）可知，这两个机器人比赛都是必须由团队成员一起合作来完成的。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Robo Games部分中的“Grades: All ages and backgrounds”（年级:所有年龄和背景）可知，Robo Games是没有年龄限制的。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Finalists compete in person, onboard the International Space Station, conducted live in microgravity by a real astronaut!”（决赛选手将在国际空间站上亲自参加比赛，由一名真正的宇航员在微重力环境下现场指导！）可知，在Zero Robotics高中锦标赛中，决赛是在国际空间站举行。故选D。 B “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 4. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 5. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 6. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 7. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点戒备的姿态，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。 C Killer whales are mama’s boys. A son will follow his mother, taking bits of fish and other food, throughout his life, even as his sisters grow up and have babies of their own. This neediness comes at a significant cost to mom, who gives up having additional children to look after her boy, according to a new study. Michael Weiss has observed the mother-son bond in killer whale groups off the Pacific coast of North America. “It’s kind of wild,” says the behavioral ecologist. These animals live for decades, yet even fully grown males “act like little kids around their mom, rolling around and swimming right beside and behind her like they're still babies”. Weiss wanted to know whether these high-maintenance children came at a cost — particularly, whether they hurt a mother’s ability to raise more children. He and colleagues studied 40 years’ worth of data on three Pacific pods (小群动物), social groups typically consisting of a couple dozen killer whale mothers and sons that traveled and hunted fish together. Sure enough, the team found a “huge effect”, Weiss says. In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says. The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth, her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units. His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition. The team didn’t establish exactly how sons prevented their mothers from having more babies. Weiss says he hopes to do more research across populations, and in different species of whales. But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom. “In other animals,” he says, “at some point, you just stop relying on your mom as much.” 8. What can we learn about a mother killer whale’s chance of having more babies? A. It is independent of her son’s age. B. A mother of a son won’t have another baby. C. A mother of daughters has the least chance. D. It changes with the social structure of the pod. 9. What can be inferred from the research? A. Male killer wales can’t grow fully. B. Male killer wales are precious in their social structure. C. Baby killer wales live with their grandmother. D. Baby killer wales compete against their father for food. 10. Why do mother killer whales favor their boys? A. To increase the pod’s population. B. To compete with other pods. C. To gain support from boys. D. To save food. 11 What does Weiss think of the mother-son bond in killer whale groups? A. It is extremely rare in nature. B. It shows that killer whales have feelings. C. It doesn’t exist in other species of whales. D. It slows male killer whales’ development. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虎鲸母子间的依赖关系及其对繁殖的影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says.(在某一年里，有儿子的母亲生育另一个孩子的可能性不到无子女女性或有女儿的母亲的一半。引人注目的是，无论是3岁的儿子还是18岁的儿子，都会降低他们母亲再生更多孩子的几率，Weiss说)”可知，无论是3岁的儿子还是18岁的儿子，都会降低母亲再生育的机会。即母鲸鱼是否有更多孩子与她儿子的年龄无关。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth, her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units.(研究人员提出，母亲对儿子的偏爱是因为这些群体特有的社会结构而发展的。当一个女儿生育时，她的孩子会留在她和她母亲所在的同一群体中，因此会与其他成员争夺食物和关注。相比之下，一个儿子不会给群体带来更多的需要供养的人口 —— 他与路过群体中的雌性交配，而后这些雌性会在自己的社会单元中抚养后代)”可知，母鲸鱼对儿子的偏爱是因为儿子在社会结构中更为重要，儿子不会带来更多的竞争者，而女儿的孩子会留在群体中，增加竞争，表明雄性虎鲸在它们的社会结构中扮演着重要的角色。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition.(他的孩子们因此变成了“别人的问题”，Weiss解释道。因此，如果妈妈想要在最少的竞争下获得尽可能多的孙子孙女，她给予儿子更多的精力而不是女儿，这是有道理的)”这表明母亲偏爱儿子的原因之一是为了节约食物，减少群体内的竞争。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom.(但现在，虎鲸仍然是动物王国中父母抚育的一个极端例子)”可知，Weiss认为母子关系在虎鲸群体中是极端的例子，这在自然界中是非常罕见的。故选A。 D Dumbphones have very limited functions compared to an iPhone. You can only make and receive calls and messages. And, if you are lucky-listen to radio and take very basic photos, but absolutely not connect to the internet or apps. Dumbphones are enjoying a comeback. Google searches for them increased by 89% between 2018 and 2021. Meanwhile, a study said that one in 10 mobile phone users in the UK had a dumbphone. Kaiwei Tang, CEO of Light Phone, a maker of dumbphones said that, surprisingly, the company’s main customers are aged between 25 and 35. He says he expected buyers to be much older. Sandra Wachter, a researcher at Oxford University, says that it’s easy to see why some of us are looking for simpler mobile phones. One can reasonably say that nowadays a smart phone’s ability to connect calls and send messages is almost a side function. Your smart phone is your entertainment centre, your newspaper, your map, your diary, and your wallet. They always want to catch your attention with notices and latest news. “If aliens came to earth they’d think that mobile phones are the creatures controlling human beings,” Mr. Tang says. “It’s not going to stop. Instead, it’s getting worse. Consumers are realizing that something is wrong, and we want to offer a choice.” Last year, Przemek Olejniczak, changed his smartphone for a dumphone at first for its longer-lasting battery. However, he soon realized there were other benefits. “Before I would always be checking, going through the news, or other facts I didn’t need to know,“ he says. ”Now I have more time for my family and myself. And I’m not addicted to liking, sharing, or describing my life to other people. I have more privacy.“ Yet back in London, Robin West says that many people are confused by her choice of mobile. “Everyone thinks it’s just a short-term thing. They’re always asking me: ‘So when are you getting a smartphone? Are you getting one this week?’ ” 12. What surprises Kaiwei Tang about dumbphones? A. Few people show interest in them. B. They are coming into fashion again. C. Their buyers are mainly young people. D. Dumbphones are in a wider use than smartphones. 13. What does Sandra Wachter think of people’s turning to dumbphones? A. Understandable. B. Unusual. C. Thoughtless. D. Meaningful. 14. What does the author mention Robin West in the last paragraph? A. To give suggestions on mobile choice. B. To show public support for dumbphones. C. To make a prediction about the future of dumbphones. D. To introduce a different opinion on using dumbphones. 15. Which of the following might be a suitable title for the text? A. Dumbphones are Here to Stay B. A Generation Controlled by Smartphones C. Smartphones: Where are they leading us? D. Another Choice? The Return of Dumbphones 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种现象，越来越多的人开始舍弃智能手机，而选择只拥有基本功能的旧式手机。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Kaiwei Tang, CEO of Light Phone, a maker of dumbphones said that, surprisingly, the company’s main customers are aged between 25 and 35. He says he expected buyers to be much older.(旧式手机制造商Light Phone的首席执行官唐凯伟表示，令人惊讶的是，该公司的主要客户年龄在25岁至35岁之间。他说，他预计买家的年龄会大得多。)”可知，他对于旧式手机使用者如此年轻感到惊讶。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Sandra Wachter, a researcher at Oxford University, says that it’s easy to see why some of us are looking for simpler mobile phones. One can reasonably say that nowadays a smart phone’s ability to connect calls and send messages is almost a side function.(牛津大学的研究人员Sandra Wachter说，很容易理解为什么我们中的一些人在寻找更简单的手机。人们可以合理地说，如今智能手机的接电话和发送信息的能力几乎是一个附带功能。)”可推断，他对于人们重新选择旧式手机感到可以理解。选项A“Understandable. (可理解的)”；选项B“Unusual. (不同往常的)”；选项C“Thoughtless. (轻率的)”；选项D“Meaningful. (有意义的)”。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yet back in London, Robin West says that many people are confused by her choice of mobile. “Everyone thinks it’s just a short-term thing. They’re always asking me: ‘So when are you getting a smartphone? Are you getting one this week?’ ”(但在伦敦， Robin West表示，许多人对她选择手机感到困惑：“每个人都认为这只是短期的事情。他们总是问我：‘你什么时候买智能手机？你这周会收到吗?’”)”可知，还是有很多人对于重新使用旧式手机感到困惑。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Dumbphones are enjoying a comeback. Google searches for them increased by 89% between 2018 and 2021. Meanwhile, a study said that one in 10 mobile phone users in the UK had a dumbphone.(旧式手机正在卷土重来。从2018年到2021年，谷歌上对它们的搜索量增加了89%。与此同时，一项研究表明，英国十分之一的手机用户使用的是旧式手机。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是人们开始重新选择使用旧式手机。所以“Another Choice? The Return of Dumbphones(另一个选择吗? 旧式手机的回归)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the 1960s and 1970s, some writers and university professors called themselves “futurists”. These futurists tried to forecast the future. ____16____ The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. ____17____ Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. We can also ask the real experts: the scientists and engineers who are bringing us these advances. Because so much of our daily life will be integrated with computers, virtual reality will become an actual, real reality for many of us. This virtual world will at times seem as real as — if not more real than — the actual world around us. Without leaving home, you will be able to take tours of foreign countries, or even get a medical exam by a doctor in another city. ____18____ There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. Much research is being done to unlock the human mind. Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. ____19____ For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. These artificial hands are connected to a person’s nerves so that the person’s brain tells the hands what to do. As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. ____20____ We should all eagerly view the future as a great adventure — a new world waiting to be explored. Who knows exactly what we will find? A. Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. B. That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. C. Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. D. Artificial hands are made stronger and faster than human ones and work very well. E. Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. F. Many new parts will be made to replace broken human body ones. G. This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了二十世纪六七十年代未来主义者对未来的预测及其局限性，并指出我们可以通过观察当前的科学和技术进步，并咨询真正的专家，可以更好地猜测未来技术的发展，虚拟现实、医学进步和机器人技术将成为未来生活的关键部分。 【16题详解】 前文“These futurists tried to forecast the future. (这些未来学家试图预测未来。)”提到未来学家想预测未来，后文“The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. (问题是这些未来学家都不是科学家或工程师。所以，虽然他们知道未来会有更强大的电脑，但他们不知道这些电脑会是什么样子，它们能做什么，或者它们会对我们的生活产生什么影响。)”指出未来学家预测未来所存在的问题，他们的职业导致他们无法预测电脑的具体形态和影响，因此C项“Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. (他们的预测中只有少数是正确的，而且他们都错过了计算机革命。)”符合语境，介绍未来学家预测的对错情况，承前启后，后文是对选项内容的解释，其中的their指代前文的These futurists。故选C。 【17题详解】 前文“So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. (所以，虽然他们知道未来会有更强大的电脑，但他们不知道这些电脑会是什么样子，它们能做什么，或者它们会对我们的生活产生什么影响。)”指出未来学家无法预测电脑的具体形态和影响，后文“Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. (话虽如此，我们可以通过观察当前的科学和技术进步来对未来的技术做出一些好的猜测。)”涉及转折，指出实际上是可以对未来做出好的猜测的，因此G项“This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. (这将使我们在尝试预测未来之前犹豫。)”符合语境，提到我们会对预测未来有犹豫，是前文提到的情况的后果，和后文构成转折。故选G。 【18题详解】 后文“There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. (例如，现在已经有一种技术可以让盲人通过摄像头看到东西，聋哑人通过与大脑相连的麦克风听到声音。未来的技术将使人们能够战胜各种身体残疾。)”主要介绍医学上的科技进步，说明人们有可能在未来解决各种身体残疾的问题，因此A项“Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. (说到医学，脑损伤的人将能够找到新的希望。)”符合语境，提到脑损伤有望得到治疗，契合段落内容。故选A。 【19题详解】 前文“Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. (利用目前正在开发的技术，未来的人们不仅可以读懂别人的思想，还可以像录制电影一样记录他们的想法。)”提到未来的技术有望解读和记录人的想法，后文“For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. (例如，机器人手是为没有手的人开发的。)”举出机器人手的例子，介绍其可以发挥人手的功能，因此E项“Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. (其他一些研究涉及使用机器人技术来替代人类的功能。)”符合语境，提到技术应用的其他领域，涉及用机器人技术的替代功能，和前文是递进关系，后文的例子是选项内容的具体说明。故选E。 【20题详解】 前文“As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. (由于这些进步，在未来，一些严重受伤的人可能会变得更像机器人而不是人类。)”指出技术进步将让严重受伤的人变得更像机器人，因此B项“That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. (也就是说，他们的大脑将控制他们的机器人身体部位，这样他们就可以正常地生活。)”符合语境，具体解释这类人的生活方式，说明他们的机器人身体部位会受大脑控制，承接前文。故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） For most of us, running a marathon is hard enough. Spanish athlete Eric Domingo Roldan is a man who did not think running a marathon was enough of a ____21____. Instead, on November 8, 2021, he attempted to ____22____ his mum in the Barcelona Marathon. Completing the race was not ____23____ for him. To make things even ____24____, he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair (轮椅)”. Such a ____25____ was difficult to achieve, but Eric had a special ____26____. He wanted to develop ____27____ and educate people about multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症), the disease his mother had dealt with for more than 17 years. Their first attempt was ____28____ in the Seville Marathon back in 2020. But instead of ____29____, they trained harder and Eric promised to _____30_____ in 2021. The conditions were _____31_____ this time. Eric was in his home city, so he made a strong _____32_____. Then he hit halfway in 1 hour 26 minutes, well on track for the record. “I was feeling _____33_____ from the first kilometer until the last, as my mum never stopped _____34_____ and supporting other runners, and that was the best part of running together,” he shared. “To cross that line meant we did what we _____35_____ after going through the hardest time of our lives.” 21. A. benefit B. chance C. risk D. challenge 22. A. amaze B. push C. honor D. respect 23. A. possible B. important C. enough D. helpful 24. A. harder B. worse C. clearer D. faster 25. A. standard B. position C. purpose D. goal 26. A. problem B. reason C. result D. personality 27. A. fitness B. fairness C. awareness D. business 28. A. unsuccessful B. incomplete C. unnecessary D. impracticable 29. A. standing by B. carrying on C. falling behind D. giving up 30. A. recover B. return C. relieve D. reply 31. A. similar B. difficult C. favourable D. unknown 32. A. start B. change C. decision D. connection 33. A. nervous B. concerned C. calm D. happy 34 A. asking B. cheering C. passing D. reminding 35. A. needed B. liked C. promised D. suggested 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了西班牙运动员埃里克·多明戈·罗尔丹在巴塞罗那马拉松中推着患多发性硬化症的母亲刷新世界纪录的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们大多数人来说，跑马拉松已经够难了。西班牙运动员埃里克·多明戈·罗尔丹并不认为跑马拉松是一项足够的挑战。A. benefit好处；B. chance机会；C. risk风险；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“running a marathon is hard enough”可知，此处指跑马拉松已经是一项挑战了，但埃里克认为这还不够。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，在2021年11月8日，他试图在巴塞罗那马拉松比赛中推着妈妈跑。A. amaze使惊奇；B. push推；C. honor尊敬；D. respect尊重。根据后文“he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair””可知，此处指埃里克在马拉松比赛中推着轮椅，也就是推着坐在轮椅上的母亲。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：完成比赛对他来说并不够。A. possible可能的；B. important重要的；C. enough足够的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据后文“he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair””可知，埃里克的目标不仅仅是完成比赛，而是要打破世界纪录，所以完成比赛对他来说并不够。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：为了使事情变得更加困难，他还希望打破“推着轮椅跑得最快的马拉松运动员”的世界纪录。A. harder更难的；B. worse更糟糕的；C. clearer更清楚的；D. faster更快的。根据前文“Completing the race was not ____ for him”及后文“he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair””可知，埃里克的目标更高，他想增加难度。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的目标很难实现，但埃里克有一个特殊的原因。A. standard标准；B. position位置；C. purpose目的；D. goal目标。根据前文“he wanted to break the world record”可知，此处指埃里克想要实现的目标。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的目标很难实现，但埃里克有一个特殊的原因。A. problem问题；B. reason原因；C. result结果；D. personality个性。根据后文“He wanted to develop ____ and educate people about multiple sclerosis”可知，埃里克有想要实现这个目标的特殊原因。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想提高人们对多发性硬化症的认识，并教育人们了解这种疾病，他的母亲已经与之抗争了17年多。A. fitness健康；B. fairness公平；C. awareness意识；D. business商业。根据后文“educate people about multiple sclerosis”可知，埃里克想要提高人们对多发性硬化症的认识。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一次尝试是在2020年的塞维利亚马拉松比赛中不成功的。A. unsuccessful不成功的；B. incomplete不完整的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. impracticable不切实际的。根据后文“But instead of ____ , they trained harder”可知，他们训练得更刻苦，可以推测他们第一次尝试没有成功。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但他们没有放弃，反而更加努力训练，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。A. standing by站在一边，旁观；B. carrying on继续；C. falling behind落后；D. giving up放弃。根据后文“they trained harder”可知，他们没有放弃，而是继续努力。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们没有放弃，反而更加努力训练，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。A. recover恢复；B. return返回；C. relieve缓解；D. reply回复。根据前文“they trained harder and Eric promised to”可知，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次的条件是有利的。A. similar相似的；B. difficult困难的；C. favourable有利的；D. unknown未知的。根据后文“Eric was in his home city”可知，埃里克在自己的家乡比赛，所以条件是有利的。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃里克在自己的家乡，所以他做出了一个强有力的开始。A. start开始；B. change改变；C. decision决定；D. connection联系。根据后文“Then he hit halfway in 1 hour 26 minutes”可知，埃里克在比赛中做出了一个强有力的开始。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“从第一公里到最后一公里，我都感觉很高兴，因为我妈妈从未停止过欢呼和支持其他跑步者，这是我们一起跑步最美好的部分，”他分享道。A. nervous紧张的；B. concerned关心的；C. calm冷静的；D. happy高兴的。根据后文“as my mum never stopped ____ and supporting other runners, and that was the best part of running together”可知，母亲的支持使埃里克在比赛中感觉很高兴。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“从第一公里到最后一公里，我都感觉很高兴，因为我妈妈从未停止过欢呼和支持其他跑步者，这是我们一起跑步最美好的部分，”他分享道。A. asking问；B. cheering欢呼；C. passing经过；D. reminding提醒。根据后文“supporting other runners”可知，此处指埃里克的妈妈在比赛中为其他跑步者欢呼。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：跨过那条线意味着我们在经历人生中最艰难的时刻后，做了我们承诺要做的事。A. needed需要；B. liked喜欢；C. promised承诺；D. suggested建议。根据前文“Eric promised to return in 2021”可知，此处指埃里克完成了自己承诺要做的事。故选C。 第二节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___36___ (cover)an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___39___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___40___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___41___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___42___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___43___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___44___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____45_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】36. Covering 37. the 38. were 39. to increase 40. is designed 41. and 42. populations 43. eventually 44. as 45. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语，空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份，因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语，故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处前后为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处和and后的复数名词homes并列，且在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population ，意为“种群”，且应用复数形式。故填populations。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处后为动词achieve，空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve，结合语意可知，此处意为“最终”，应用副词eventually。故填eventually。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语serve as，意为“充当”，故空处应填介词as。故填as。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知，空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词，指代先行词species，指物，在从句中作主语，且先行词前有all修饰，故只能用关系代词that。故填that。 【点睛】 第三节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据汉语和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。 46. He decided to devote the rest of his life to s________ (科学的) research.(根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】scientific##cientific 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他决定将余生奉献给科学研究。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“科学的”以及空后名词research可知，此处应用形容词scientific“科学的”，作定语。故填scientific。 47. I have never e________ (偶然碰到) this kind of problem before. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】encountered##ncountered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我以前从未遇到过这种问题。结合首字母和汉语提示可知，“偶然碰到”应用动词encounter，且根据“have never”可知，时态为现在完成时，encounter需用过去分词的形式。故填encountered。 48. We must make the most e________ (效率高的) use of the natural resources. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】efficient##fficient 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们必须最有效地利用自然资源。结合首字母提示可知，“效率高的”应用形容词efficient，和the most构成形容词最高级，作修饰use的定语。故填efficient。 49. Mr. Leach is on holiday and is not a________ (有空的) for the meeting. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】available##vailable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：Leach先生在度假，无法参加会议。本空用形容词available“有空的”，作表语。故填available。 50. E________ (重视) was placed on the importance of family life by him. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】Emphasis##mphasis 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他强调家庭生活的重要性。结合首字母提示可知，“重视”应用名词emphasis，作主语，不可数名词，短语place emphasis on意为“强调”，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Emphasis。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 51. 学校英文报“科技创新发明”栏目征稿介绍你想进行的发明。请你以“My Hi-tech Smart Pen”为题向该栏目投稿。 内容包括： 1.发明目的 2.功能及作用。 注意：词数：80个左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Hi-tech Smart Pen The Hi-tech Smart Pen is designed to revolutionize the way we take notes and learn. Its primary purpose is to enhance productivity and accessibility for students and professionals alike. This pen incorporates voice recognition technology, allowing it to transcribe spoken words into written text seamlessly. It also includes a built-in dictionary and translator, offering instant definitions and translations directly on a small OLED display. Furthermore, the smart pen can connect to a smartphone app, where users can organize, edit, and share their notes digitally. This invention aims to make note-taking easier and more efficient, helping users focus on learning rather than manual transcription. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校英文报“科技创新发明”栏目征稿介绍考生想进行的发明，要求考生以《我的高科技智能笔》为题向该栏目投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 彻底改变：revolutionize→ completely change 主要的：primary→ main 目的：purpose→ aim 提高：enhance→ improve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This pen incorporates voice recognition technology, allowing it to transcribe spoken words into written text seamlessly. 拓展句：This pen incorporates voice recognition technology, which allows it to transcribe spoken words into written text seamlessly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Its primary purpose is to enhance productivity and accessibility for students and professionals alike.（运用了不定式to enhance作表语） 【高分句型2】This pen incorporates voice recognition technology, allowing it to transcribe spoken words into written text seamlessly.（运用了现在分词allowing作状语） 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Araguaia River is one of the biggest rivers in Brazil. It is home to thousands of animals, including bright blue and yellow macaws. River dolphins swim and play in the water, and there are many different colored fish. In one town, a 13-year-old boy named Rhenan would walk along the river every day. But looking at the river made him worry because there was rubbish everywhere. He saw plastic bottles, old clothing, and empty food packages. The water looked dark and ugly. At school, Rhenan asked about the dirty river. “You wouldn’t want trash in your house,” said his teacher. “Think about the poor animals!” For days, Rhenan couldn’t stop thinking about the river. It didn’t seem right to him that this big, powerful river was filled with trash. “It’s hurting the animals in my area,” he thought. “And it’s also hurting the families who live here.” Then Rhenan had an idea. The next morning, Rhenan talked to his mother about his plan for the river. He wanted to go around his town and ask for everyone’s help. Maybe if they all worked together, they could clean up the river! Rhenan’s mother loved his idea. “I believe the most important thing for you, Rhenan, is learning how to change things that you care about. That will stay with you forever,” she told him. She told him she would help him all along the way. The next day, Rhenan went to the police department. Then he went to the Mayor’s office. He visited other schools, offices, and businesses. Soon he had a very big group of people who liked his idea! 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Over an entire day, they all worked together to clean up the rubbish. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking at the clean river Rhenan decided to stop this problem from happening again. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Over an entire day, they all worked together to clean up the rubbish. Rhenan and his group of volunteers filled up many bags with plastic bottles, old clothing, and empty food packages from the river. They walked along the riverbank and the surrounding area, picking up all kinds of litter. More people from all walks of life, young or old, joined them to make a positive change in their community. Hard as the work was, they were all happy to help. Looking at the clean river, they felt a sense of pride. Looking at the clean river, Rhenan decided to stop this problem from happening again. He came up with the idea of raising the awareness of the importance of protecting the environment by making posters and flyers with pictures of the clean river and the animals that lived in it. It was with the students who he first held discussions about how it could help to keep the river clean and also benefit the community. What’s more, he suggested that the Mayor and other officials set up recycling programs to make it easier for people to dispose of their waste properly. Rhenan’s dedication showed that one person can make a huge difference. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了一名13岁的巴西男孩Rhenan对家乡受污染的阿拉瓜亚河（Araguaia River）感到担忧，并决定采取行动来清理这条河流的故事。他注意到河流中充满了垃圾，并担心这会对动物和当地居民的生活造成危害。在母亲的鼓励下，Rhenan开始了一个清理河流的倡议，并成功地得到了当地社区的支持。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“在一整天的时间里，他们一起清理垃圾。”可知，第一段可描写他们清理垃圾的过程以及成效。 ②由第二段首句内容“看着这条干净的河流，Rhenan决定阻止这个问题再次发生。”可知，第二段可描写Rhenan提出的进一步改善环境的措施。 2.续写线索：清理垃圾——更多的人加入他们——河水清澈，感到自豪——想出创意——进一步解决问题 3.词汇激活 行类 装满：fill up/feed to the full 帮助：help/assist 想出：come up with/figure out 情绪类 高兴的：happy/delighted 感到自豪：feel a sense of pride/feel proud 【点睛】[高分句型1] Hard as the work was, they were all happy to help.（运用了部分倒装） [高分句型2] What’s more, he suggested that the Mayor and other officials set up recycling programs to make it easier for people to dispose of their waste properly.（运用了that引导宾语从句和虚拟语气） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一普通部下学期英语6月份段考试题 考试时间120分钟 满分150分 第一部分 听力（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第一节 (共 5 小题) 1. Who will look after Cindy today? A. Adam. B. Nancy. C. Olivia. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Wear a coat. B. Change to a T-shirt. C. Buy some new clothes. 3. What does the woman think of the watch? A. It is historic. B. It is out of fashion. C. It is popular. 4. Why will the woman visit Jane? A. Jane is ill. B. Jane will hold a party. C. Jane just gave birth to a baby. 5. What does the woman mean? A. They would expand the kitchen. B. They needn’t buy anything now. C. They should make dinner at home. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Asking for help. C. Giving some advice. 7. What will Emily do tonight? A. Do some exercise. B. Go for a trip. C. Prepare for an exam. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman plan to do first? A. Show the man around. B. Introduce the team. C. Make a coffee. 9. How many hours does the man have to work per day? A. Five. B. Eight. C. Nine. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the color of the woman’s bike? A. Green. B. Brown. C. Black. 11. Where are the speakers? A. In Britain. B. In Holland. C. In America. 12. What will the speakers do before moving to other stores? A. Get some coffee. B. Have lunch together. C. Bargain with the shop owner. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Host and guest. C. Husband and wife. 14. Why does the man want to retire in advance? A. To accompany his family. B. To travel with friends. C. To start a new career. 15. What will the man do this Wednesday? A. Visit his children. B. Travel around the world. C. Reunite with his parents. 16. How does the man feel about his retired life? A. Stressed. B. Pleased. C. Bored. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Some school activities. B. Old safety problems. C. New parking rules. 18. Where should parents park their cars after 8:35 a.m.? A. At the school gate. B. At a parking area nearby. C. At the school parking lot. 19. How long does it usually take students to leave the school building? A. About 5 to 10 minutes. B. About 10 to 20 minutes. C. About half an hour. 20. When can parents park at the school gate without getting a traffic ticket? A. After 3:00 p.m. B. After 3:05 p.m. C. After 3:15 p.m. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A In this post, we’ll introduce some top robotics competitions open to high schoolers. Keep reading to learn more. Botball Educational Robotics Program Level: Regional and national competitions available Grades: 9th, 10th. 11th, 12th Over a period of about seven weeks, students learn to code(编程) and develop complex strategies to use artificial intelligence. This allows them to create an autonomous robot together that competes in an annual game challenging against other teams in competitions at various levels across the country. FIRST: Robotics Competition Level: Local, regional and national competitions available Grades: 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th Teams work together with professional teachers to design, assemble(装配), and test an industrial-sized robot .The robot then competes in a head-to-head field game against other teams. Robo Games Level: International Grades: All ages and backgrounds This self-claimed “Olympics of robots” and current largest open robot competition challenges participants in a wide variety of events to display various skills. Amateurs, professionals, young and old alike are invited to participate with the goal of winning prizes, expanding educational service, and recognizing robot-builders in the public eye. Zero Robotics High School Tournament Level: International, including the U.S. and member countries of the European Space Agency Grades: 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th This fascinating competition begins with robots called SPHERES inside the International Space Station. The first phase of the competition is entirely online, in which competitors code the SPHERES to meet a yearly challenge. Finalists compete in person, onboard the International Space Station, conducted live in microgravity by a real astronaut! 1. What do the first and second robotics competitions have in common? A. Teamwork is a must in competitions. B. They have the same goals and rules. C. The robot is tested before competitions. D. They are completely of the same level. 2. Which of the competitions has no age limitation? A. Bot ball Educational Robotics Program. B. FIRST: Robotics Competition. C. Robo Games. D. Zero Robotics High School Tournament. 3. What can we learn about Zero Robotics High School Tournament? A. It is held by the European Space Agency. B. It is a local robotics competition. C. The whole competition is conducted online. D. The final competition is held at the International Space Station. B “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 4. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 5. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 6. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 7. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. C Killer whales are mama’s boys. A son will follow his mother, taking bits of fish and other food, throughout his life, even as his sisters grow up and have babies of their own. This neediness comes at a significant cost to mom, who gives up having additional children to look after her boy, according to a new study. Michael Weiss has observed the mother-son bond in killer whale groups off the Pacific coast of North America. “It’s kind of wild,” says the behavioral ecologist. These animals live for decades, yet even fully grown males “act like little kids around their mom, rolling around and swimming right beside and behind her like they're still babies”. Weiss wanted to know whether these high-maintenance children came at a cost — particularly, whether they hurt a mother’s ability to raise more children. He and colleagues studied 40 years’ worth of data on three Pacific pods (小群动物), social groups typically consisting of a couple dozen killer whale mothers and sons that traveled and hunted fish together. Sure enough, the team found a “huge effect”, Weiss says. In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says. The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units. His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition. The team didn’t establish exactly how sons prevented their mothers from having more babies. Weiss says he hopes to do more research across populations, and in different species of whales. But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom. “In other animals,” he says, “at some point, you just stop relying on your mom as much.” 8. What can we learn about a mother killer whale’s chance of having more babies? A. It is independent of her son’s age. B. A mother of a son won’t have another baby. C. A mother of daughters has the least chance. D. It changes with the social structure of the pod. 9. What can be inferred from the research? A. Male killer wales can’t grow fully. B. Male killer wales are precious in their social structure. C. Baby killer wales live with their grandmother. D. Baby killer wales compete against their father for food. 10. Why do mother killer whales favor their boys? A. To increase the pod’s population. B. To compete with other pods. C To gain support from boys. D. To save food. 11. What does Weiss think of the mother-son bond in killer whale groups? A. It is extremely rare in nature. B. It shows that killer whales have feelings. C. It doesn’t exist in other species of whales. D. It slows male killer whales’ development. D Dumbphones have very limited functions compared to an iPhone. You can only make and receive calls and messages. And, if you are lucky-listen to radio and take very basic photos, but absolutely not connect to the internet or apps. Dumbphones are enjoying a comeback. Google searches for them increased by 89% between 2018 and 2021. Meanwhile, a study said that one in 10 mobile phone users in the UK had a dumbphone. Kaiwei Tang, CEO of Light Phone, a maker of dumbphones said that, surprisingly, the company’s main customers are aged between 25 and 35. He says he expected buyers to be much older. Sandra Wachter, a researcher at Oxford University, says that it’s easy to see why some of us are looking for simpler mobile phones. One can reasonably say that nowadays a smart phone’s ability to connect calls and send messages is almost a side function. Your smart phone is your entertainment centre, your newspaper, your map, your diary, and your wallet. They always want to catch your attention with notices and latest news. “If aliens came to earth they’d think that mobile phones are the creatures controlling human beings,” Mr. Tang says. “It’s not going to stop. Instead, it’s getting worse. Consumers are realizing that something is wrong, and we want to offer a choice.” Last year, Przemek Olejniczak, changed his smartphone for a dumphone at first for its longer-lasting battery. However, he soon realized there were other benefits. “Before I would always be checking, going through the news, or other facts I didn’t need to know,“ he says. ”Now I have more time for my family and myself. And I’m not addicted to liking, sharing, or describing my life to other people. I have more privacy.“ Yet back in London, Robin West says that many people are confused by her choice of mobile. “Everyone thinks it’s just a short-term thing. They’re always asking me: ‘So when are you getting a smartphone? Are you getting one this week?’ ” 12. What surprises Kaiwei Tang about dumbphones? A. Few people show interest in them. B. They are coming into fashion again. C. Their buyers are mainly young people. D. Dumbphones are in a wider use than smartphones. 13. What does Sandra Wachter think of people’s turning to dumbphones? A. Understandable. B. Unusual. C. Thoughtless. D. Meaningful. 14. What does the author mention Robin West in the last paragraph? A. To give suggestions on mobile choice. B. To show public support for dumbphones. C. To make a prediction about the future of dumbphones. D. To introduce a different opinion on using dumbphones. 15. Which of the following might be a suitable title for the text? A. Dumbphones are Here to Stay B. A Generation Controlled by Smartphones C. Smartphones: Where are they leading us? D. Another Choice? The Return of Dumbphones 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the 1960s and 1970s, some writers and university professors called themselves “futurists”. These futurists tried to forecast the future. ____16____ The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. ____17____ Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. We can also ask the real experts: the scientists and engineers who are bringing us these advances. Because so much of our daily life will be integrated with computers, virtual reality will become an actual, real reality for many of us. This virtual world will at times seem as real as — if not more real than — the actual world around us. Without leaving home, you will be able to take tours of foreign countries, or even get a medical exam by a doctor in another city. ____18____ There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. Much research is being done to unlock the human mind. Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. ____19____ For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. These artificial hands are connected to a person’s nerves so that the person’s brain tells the hands what to do. As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. ____20____ We should all eagerly view the future as a great adventure — a new world waiting to be explored. Who knows exactly what we will find? A. Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. B. That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. C. Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. D. Artificial hands are made stronger and faster than human ones and work very well. E. Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. F. Many new parts will be made to replace broken human body ones. G. This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） For most of us, running a marathon is hard enough. Spanish athlete Eric Domingo Roldan is a man who did not think running a marathon was enough of a ____21____. Instead, on November 8, 2021, he attempted to ____22____ his mum in the Barcelona Marathon. Completing the race was not ____23____ for him. To make things even ____24____, he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair (轮椅)”. Such a ____25____ was difficult to achieve, but Eric had a special ____26____. He wanted to develop ____27____ and educate people about multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症), the disease his mother had dealt with for more than 17 years. Their first attempt was ____28____ in the Seville Marathon back in 2020. But instead of ____29____, they trained harder and Eric promised to _____30_____ in 2021. The conditions were _____31_____ this time. Eric was in his home city, so he made a strong _____32_____. Then he hit halfway in 1 hour 26 minutes, well on track for the record. “I was feeling _____33_____ from the first kilometer until the last, as my mum never stopped _____34_____ and supporting other runners, and that was the best part of running together,” he shared. “To cross that line meant we did what we _____35_____ after going through the hardest time of our lives.” 21. A. benefit B. chance C. risk D. challenge 22 A. amaze B. push C. honor D. respect 23. A. possible B. important C. enough D. helpful 24. A. harder B. worse C. clearer D. faster 25. A. standard B. position C. purpose D. goal 26. A. problem B. reason C. result D. personality 27. A. fitness B. fairness C. awareness D. business 28. A. unsuccessful B. incomplete C. unnecessary D. impracticable 29. A. standing by B. carrying on C. falling behind D. giving up 30. A. recover B. return C. relieve D. reply 31. A. similar B. difficult C. favourable D. unknown 32. A. start B. change C. decision D. connection 33. A. nervous B. concerned C. calm D. happy 34. A. asking B. cheering C. passing D. reminding 35 A. needed B. liked C. promised D. suggested 第二节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___36___ (cover)an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___39___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___40___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___41___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___42___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___43___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___44___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____45_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 第三节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据汉语和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。 46. He decided to devote the rest of his life to s________ (科学的) research.(根据中英文提示填空) 47. I have never e________ (偶然碰到) this kind of problem before. (根据中英文提示填空) 48. We must make the most e________ (效率高的) use of the natural resources. (根据中英文提示填空) 49. Mr. Leach is on holiday and is not a________ (有空的) for the meeting. (根据中英文提示填空) 50. E________ (重视) was placed on the importance of family life by him. (根据中英文提示填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 51. 学校英文报“科技创新发明”栏目征稿介绍你想进行的发明。请你以“My Hi-tech Smart Pen”为题向该栏目投稿。 内容包括： 1.发明目的 2.功能及作用。 注意：词数：80个左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Araguaia River is one of the biggest rivers in Brazil. It is home to thousands of animals, including bright blue and yellow macaws. River dolphins swim and play in the water, and there are many different colored fish. In one town a 13-year-old boy named Rhenan would walk along the river every day. But looking at the river made him worry because there was rubbish everywhere. He saw plastic bottles, old clothing, and empty food packages. The water looked dark and ugly. At school, Rhenan asked about the dirty river. “You wouldn’t want trash in your house,” said his teacher. “Think about the poor animals!” For days, Rhenan couldn’t stop thinking about the river. It didn’t seem right to him that this big, powerful river was filled with trash. “It’s hurting the animals in my area,” he thought. “And it’s also hurting the families who live here.” Then Rhenan had an idea. The next morning, Rhenan talked to his mother about his plan for the river. He wanted to go around his town and ask for everyone’s help. Maybe if they all worked together, they could clean up the river! Rhenan’s mother loved his idea. “I believe the most important thing for you, Rhenan, is learning how to change things that you care about. That will stay with you forever,” she told him. She told him she would help him all along the way. The next day, Rhenan went to the police department. Then he went to the Mayor’s office. He visited other schools, offices, and businesses. Soon he had a very big group of people who liked his idea! 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Over an entire day, they all worked together to clean up the rubbish. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking at the clean river, Rhenan decided to stop this problem from happening again. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $