Unit 2-3 宾语从句 课件 2024-2025学年人教版英语九年级全册

宾语:动作的承受者 可由名词/代词(短语)或句子来充当。 I love you. Listen to me. I’m afraid that he won’t come. (及物)动词、介词和某些形容词后有宾语。 只有一套主谓结构 表语(名/形) She looks nice. 一个句子至少有主谓 后面可以直接跟宾语的动词叫及物动词 give sb. sth. tell sb. sth. buy sb. sth. offer sb. sth. He opened the door. He ran. He is talking to his friend. 双宾语:指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语 复合句有主句有从句,主句从句各有一套主谓(至少主谓) if引导的条件状语从句 when/while引导的时间状语从句 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. When you called, I was taking a shower. We know him. We know that he likes English. 主s 主s 谓v 谓v 宾o(句子) 宾o 简单句 复合句 在_句中,如果由一个_充当宾语,那这个句子叫_。 复合 句子 宾语从句 宾语从句 主s 谓v 宾o 什么词后有宾语(从句)? I love you. Listen to me. I’m afraid that he won’t come. (及物)动词、介词和某些形容词后有宾语(从句)。 连接词(引导词) 主句 含宾语从句的句型: 主句+引导词+宾语从句 Do you know when the band starts playing this evening? Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone. I don’t know if he will come tonight. Bill wonders whether he is a student. We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. I’m not sure if he has been back. Find out the Object Clauses tell sb. sth. 陈 述 句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 结构比较 _ + _ + … _ 主语 谓语 . ? _ +_ + _ 特殊 疑问词 一般 疑问句 be 助动词 情态动词 _ / _ /_+ _ +… 主语 ? I am a student. He speaks Chinese. We will go hiking next week. She can play soccer. Are you a student? Does he speak Chinese? Will you go hiking next week? Can she play soccer? Where are you from? What do you often do on weekends? How will you deal with the problem? Where can I buy some books? be 助动词 情态动词 _ / _ /_+ _ 主语 _+ _ + … _ 结构比较 be 情态动词 助动词 主语 谓语 _ + _ + …_ . 主语 ? _ +_+ …_ 特殊 疑问词 一般 疑问句 ? ? _ + _ + …_ 主语 ? _ +_ + …_ 主语 陈 述 句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 主+谓+其它: 陈述语序 疑问语序: be/助/情+主语… I am a teacher will you be back in a week when do you get up is he doing his homework or not the sun rises in the east have you seen the film when 陈述语序 陈述语序 疑问语序 疑问语序 疑问语序 疑问语序 判断语序 疑问语序怎么变陈述语序? A:I am a student. B:Are you a student? A:He has a football. B:Does he have a football? A:I went boating yesterday. B:Did you go boating yesterday? A:I was reading at home at that time. B:Were you reading at home at that time? A:People will have robots. B:Will people have robots? A:I can swim. B:Can you swim? A:I have read Treasure Island. B:Have you read Treasure Island? A:I am watching TV. B:Are you watching TV? 将下列句子改成陈述语序: 1. Is he playing basketball? 2. Were they doing homework? 3. What was she doing? 4. How can she get there? 5. What should he do? 6. Will people use money in the future? 7. What will the future be like? 8. Has she read Treasure Island? He is playing basketball. They were doing homework. What she was doing. How she can get there. What he should do. She has read Treasure Island. What the future will be like. People will use money in the future. 1.Do we have to wear a uniform? 2.Does she work in a hospital? 3.Did you go to the zoo? She works in a hospital. You went to the zoo. We have to wear a uniform. 4.Where did he live last year? 5.What time do you get up? 6. How does she go to school? Where he lived last year. What time you get up. How she goes to school. 将疑问句中的do/does/did 去掉, 动词随即做相应变化 Do you know when the band starts playing this evening? Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone. I don’t know if he will come tonight. Bill wonders whether he is a student. 宾语从句的语序? We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. 宾语从句的语序为_ 即:(引导词)+_+_(+其他) 陈述语序 主语 谓语 下列宾语从句的语序是否正确。 I think that he will come to China next year. I want to know if he was at home yesterday. Can you tell me where does your mother work? Do you know who can answer the question? Please tell us where is the hospital? your mother works the hospital is T T T F F 将下列问句变成陈述句。 1. Can he swim ? swim . 2. Does he have a pen ? a pen . 3. Which place did he go to ? Which place . 4. What's wrong with you ? . 5. What happened to you ? . 6. Who is over there? . 想一想 为什么4,5,6 语序不变? He can He has he went to What happened to you What's wrong with you Who is over there 疑问代词what/who在特殊疑问句中作主语,该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序,所以当该句变为宾语从句时,语序不变。 What’s the matter? I don’t know what’s the matter. Who is over there? Can you tell me who is over there? What’s wrong? What’s the matter/trouble ? What happened to…? Who is over there? Which is the way to…? I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. (重庆市) A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what was the matter D. what wrong was C 疑问代词what/who在特殊疑问句中作主语时,该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序,所以当该句变为宾语从句时,语序不变。 Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. I don’t know if he will come tonight. Bill wonders whether he is a student. Please tell me where she has gone. Do you know when the band starts playing this evening? 宾语从句引导词有哪些? if引导的条件状语从句,when/while引导的时间状语从句,宾语从句也需要引导词。 1. 由that引导; 2. 由if/whether引导; 3. 由疑问词引导 if引导的条件状语从句,when/while引导的时间状语从句,宾语从句也需要引导词。 宾语从句的引导词 what,which,who,whom,whose when,where,how,why 连接代词 连接副词 (8w+1h) 当宾语从句由_句变化而来时,用_引导, that只起连接作用,不作句子成分,没有词义, 可以省略 请把下列句子合为一句: a, He says b, Tom is a good student He says (that) Tom is a good student. a,He said b, He had a car accident yesterday He said (that)he had a car accident yesterday. 陈述 that 1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句 注:that 引导的从句,表示陈述一件事实,主句谓语动词表示确定,不疑问 宾语从句的语序要用 _ 语序, 即_+_+_。 陈述 引导词 陈述句变宾语从句: 语序_(变/不变) 主语 谓语动词 不变 1. I believe 2. April is the hottest month in Thailand. I believe _ April is the hottest month in Thailand. ( ) that 从句(陈述句) 1. I know 2. The Water Festival is really fun. I know_ the Water Festival is really fun. 从句(陈述句) that ( ) 主句 主句 The races are so interesting. I think.(合为一句) I think _the races are so interesting. I can join them one day. I hope.(合为一句) I hope _I can join them one day. (that) (that) 1. Our school is beautiful. 2. My mother thinks. My mother thinks _ our school is beautiful. (that) 1. China will become better and better. 2. We all believe. We all believe _China will become better and better. (that) that在下列情况下不可省略 当宾语从句的主语是that时 He says that that is a map of the city. 引导词 宾从主语 2. 当宾语从句前有插入语时 He says, in his letter, that he misses us. 插入语 引导词 插入语:插在句子中的一个词/短语或从句, 通常被逗号,破折号或句子的其他部分隔开,去掉后,句子依旧完整。 Who do you think is your best friend? 3. 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时 I can’t tell him that he didn’t pass the exam. 引导词 双宾语:有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,这两个宾语叫“双宾语” give/tell/buy/offer sb. sth.(双宾语) 指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语 请把下列句子合为一句: a, I don't know b, Will she come here? I don't know if/whether she will come here. a, He asks b, Has she finished her homework? He asks if/whether she has finished her homework. 2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由_句变化而来时, 用_引导,if/whether意为“_” 有词义,不充当句子成分,不能省略 一般疑问 if/whether 是否 注:if/ whether “是否”,说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 表示疑问不确定意义的词之后;从句句意完整,不缺成分。 I wonder _ they’ll have the races again next year. I wonder _ June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. if / whether if / whether 句意完整 疑问语气 句意完整 疑问语气 语序变为_ e.g. Does he work hard? I wonder. I wonder _. if/whether 一般疑问句变宾语从句: he works hard (一般疑问句) 主句 从句 陈述语序 Is April the hottest month of the year in Chiang Mai? I don’t know. (合为一句) I don’t know _April is the hottest month of the year in Chiang Mai. Will you visit Chiang Mai next year? I wonder.(合为一句) I wonder _ you will visit Chiang Mai next year. if/whether if/whether if 与whether 的区别 I don’t know _or not he will come. I don’t care of _ he is handsome. He wondered _ to stay here the next week. _ he will come I am not sure. He asked me _I wanted to go there by train or by bus. We discussed_we should close the shop. He asked me _I hadn’t finish my homework. 当_直接跟在引导词后,只能用_ (whether or not) _后通常用whether _之前只能用whether(whether to do) 句首用_ whether whether whether Whether if whether 在动词_/doubt(怀疑)后只能用whether 宾语从句是_时只能用_ 一般情况下二者没有区别,可以互换,if常用于口语,whether比较正式。 下列情况下,二者不能互换。 强调任意选择时,用_ (whether…or)(选择疑问句) or not whether 介词 to do不定式 Whether whether discuss 否定句 if whether if或whether引导的宾语从句 精练:判断对(T) 还是错( F)。 Let me know whether or not you can come. ( ) 2. She was worried about if she could pass the exam.( ) 3. He asks me if I go there by bus or by subway. ( ) 4. I can’t decide whether to go to the movie tonight. ( ) T F if 改为whether F if 改为whether T Practice time 选择 if / whether。 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about _ he is safe. 3. I wonder _ he is well. 4. I don’t know _ or not he is well. 5. I don’t know _ to go. if / whether whether whether /if whether whether 1. He is not sure _ to watch TV or go to bed. A. if B. whether C. that D. / 2. Mike is thinking about _ his parents will see him today. A. if B. whether C. that D. / 3. I don’t know _ he will come or not. A. if B. whether C. that D. / B B B 中考链接 一、从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。 请把下列句子合为一句: a, I don't know b, When does the train leave? I don't know when the train leaves. a, She askes b,Where is Li Ming from? She asks where Li Ming is from. e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ?(谁的,作定语) 2)Could you tell me why the train is late? (为什么,作状语) 3)He asked who could answer the question.(谁,作主语) 3. 由疑问词引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由_句变化而来时,_就是 引导词。疑问词有词义(即疑问词的意思), 充当句子成分,不能省略。 特殊疑问 疑问词 疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词(8w+1h) 连接代词:_ _ _ _ _ 引导宾从,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语等。 连接副词:_ _ _ _ 引导宾从,在句中作状语(时间/地点/原因/方式) who whom whose what which when where why how 1. He asked _could answer the question. 2. Do you know _ they are waiting for. 3. He asked _ handwriting was the best in the class. 4.Please tell me _we’ll have a meeting. 5. Can you tell me _he is. 6. Could you tell me _I can get to the station. 7. Would you tell me _ the train is late? whom/who whose when where how why who (谁的书法是班上最好的) (谁能回答这个问题) (我们什么时候开会) (他在哪儿) (我该怎么去车站) (为什么火车迟到了) (他们在等谁) 主 宾 定 时间状语 地点状语 方式状语 原因状语 语序变为_ e.g. When did he leave? I don’t know. I don’t know _. 特殊疑问句变宾语从句: when (特殊疑问句) 主句 从句 he left 陈述语序 What is she doing? Can you tell me? Can you tell me _ _ _doing? Where does she live? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _? (从句) (从句) (主句) (主句) what she is where she lives 2.What a nice paper fish! Can you show us _ you make it? A. whether B. how C. why D. what 3. Tomorrow is Father’s Day. I don’t know_ A.What can I do for my father B.what I will get for my father C.where I went with my father D.where will I go with my father 4. I was told to meet Mr.Green at the airport.But I don’t know_ he will arrive. A. where B. why C. how D. when B D B eg: 1.-Mum,summer holiday is coming. I wonder_. -How about Qinling Wild Zoo? A. where can we go B. where we can go C. how can we go D. how we can go B 引导词 通过前面的练习,我们可以总结出: 作宾语从句句子类型 陈述句 一般/选择疑问句 特殊疑问句 引导词为 ( that ) if / whether 特殊疑问词 (8w+1h) he is a teacher. will you be back in a week. when do you get up. where are the restrooms. the sun rises in the east. have you seen the film. if /whether if /whether that that when 活学活用:巧用连接词 I don’t know where 1.填写合适的引导词 1 Can you tell me_you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that 2 I don't know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where 3 I hardly understand _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who 4 She didn't know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be C A B B 5. I don't know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. when 6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how 7. He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose 8. He asked his friend _ to go there or not. A. if B whether C. what D. that C A A B 2:用that, if/whether, how,where,what,….等连接词填空. 1.I hear_ they will visit our school next week. 2.Do you know_ the girl is? 3.Could you tell me _I can get to the park? 4.We thought _you had never been there before . 5.Please tell me_ you live. that who how that where 6.Mother asked me _ I had finished my homework. 7.Do you know_ she is angry? 8.The teacher asked_ your name was. 9.Tom is ten. I want to know _ you are. 10.He asked you_ you were a student or not. why what how old whether if/whether ( )1. The young man asked _ it's summer or winter. A. if B. that C. weather D. whether ( )2. We don't know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which ( )3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time tomorrow . A. that B. if C. when D. what time ( )4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that D A B C Practice I hear (that) Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago. Jim ( be ) an English teacher now. Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow. Jim ( sing )a popular song now. Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice. Jim ( play) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last term. was is will cook is singing has been was playing had learned 1. 如果主句是_,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态,不受主句影响。我们可以根据选择所需要使用的任何一种时态(由从句时间状语决定)(需要性原则) 宾语从句的时态1 一般现在时 主现从任 注意:could/would不表示过去,表委婉语气,为一般现在时 看主句 - Could you please tell me ? - It’s next to the post office. A. where the supermarket is B. where is the supermarket C. where was the supermarket D. where the supermarket was A 注意:could/would不表示过去,表委婉语气,为一般现在时 1. Please tell me_. I have some good news for him. where Bob lives B. where does Bob live C. where Bob lived D. where did Bob live 2. The radio says (that) it _cloudy tomorrow. (be) 3. She says (that) she_English for ten years . 4. I hear (that) they _ (return) it already. 5. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening. 6. -Can you tell me when he_(buy) the car? -Yesterday. 7. I think you _(talk) about the movie now. will be has learned have returned A bought were playing are talking 8. People often remember _when they heard some important news. what they are doing B. what are they doing C. what they were doing D. what they were doing 9. ―Excuse me,could you tell me_? ―In five minutes. A. how soon will the film begin B. how soon the film will begin C. how long the film has been on D. how long has the film been on 10. What a lovely toy race car ! Could you tell me _? A. why did you get it B. when will you get it C. where you got it D. how will you get it 11. - Do you know ? -Yes , he came here by train . A. when he came here B. if he will come here C. why he came here D. how he came here C B C D I hear (that) he is interesed in English. he will come tomorrow. he arrived in Lanzhou yesterday. he has been to Lanzhou twice. I heard (that) he _ interesed in English. he _come the next day. he _ in Lanzhou the day before. he_Lanzhou twice. he _ TV then. he is watching TV now. was had arrived would come was watching had been to 2.如果主句是_,宾语从句要用_的某种时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时),从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。(呼应性原则) 宾语从句的时态2 一般过去时 过去 主过从过 看主句 确定从句的时态(看主句) 主句时态 从 句 时 态 变为宾从前 变为宾从后 一般现在时 时态不变 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时(had done) 一般将来时 过去将来时(would do) 现在进行时 过去进行时(was/were doing) 现在完成时 过去完成时 1. My friend asked me . A. who is the girl B. who the girl was C. who was the girl D. who the girl is 2. - What did your parrot say, Bill?- It asked us _. A. what was the weather like B. what the weather was like C. what does the weather like D. what did the weather like 3. I wanted to know _. A. what did he say B. why does she go to bed late C. why she went to bed late D. why she goes to bed late 4. -What did your father say to you just now? -He asked me _. A. that I would like to see a movie B. where I will spend my holiday C. If I enjoyed myself at the party D. when did I attend the graduation party B B C C 5. -What did your P.E teacher say about your high jump at the sports meetings? -He said that I _better. A. could do B. have done C. will do 6. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 7. Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been 8. She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may A A D B 9. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live 10. He said that he_(be) a member of the Party since 1948. 11. He asked what they _(do) at eight last night. has been B were doing 12. I asked him whether he _ how to pronounce this word. A. knows B. knew C. has known D. will know 13. Dick said that he _ in a train to Washington at seven yesterday . A. ride B. would ride C. was riding D. had ridden 14. Peter said that he _ the way to the chemist’s shop. A. does not know B. did not know C. do not know D. did not knew 15. He said that he _ the next day . A. will set off B. set C. would set off D. won’t set off 将下列句子合并为一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 5. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? I asked where they stopped on the way. Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting? He asked if they liked to make friends with them. Tom asked when he would come back. Would you tell me why the train is late? 6. Is she doing her homework? Jim asked. 7.How can I get to the station? Could you tell me? 8. Where is Tom? They asked. Could you tell me how I can get to the station? They asked where Tom was. Jim asked if she was doing her homework. 若宾语从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等,无论主句是什么时态,宾语从句都用_时。(特殊性原则) He told me (that) summer is after spring . I was told (that) the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents tell me (that) no news is good news. 宾语从句的时态3 一般现在 主客从现 真理永现在 1. Yesterday the teacher told us the earth _ the sun. A. goes around B. went around C. is going around D. would go around 2. The teacher told his class that light _ (travel) faster than sound. 3. The teacher told us that the earth _ round. A. is B. was C. were D. be A 看宾语从句 travels A 1.I didn’t know whom the letters _ from. (be) 2. I didn’t know what time he _ the letter. (write) 3. Mr. Wang told me that the earth _ (move) round the sun. 4. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 5. Ling Feng told me he _ there several times. (be) 6. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) 7. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken had been rises did were 宾语从句的主从时态呼应问题 主 句 + 从 句 现在时态 从句根据实际需要选用任何时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去时态 从句只能用过去时的范畴 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 注:如果从句表达客观规律,客观事实,名言,警句,谚语的话,不管主句是什么时态,从句必须用一般现在时表达。(中考常考知识点) 主现从任 主过从过 主客从现 宾语从句 引导词 语序 时态 that(陈述句) if / whether (一般疑问句) 特殊疑问词(特殊疑问句) 陈述语序 主句一般现在时 主句一般过去时 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 根据实际情况 可用任何时态 宾语从句客观真理用一般现在时 三要素 中考链接一:考查引导宾语从句的连接词 ( ) 1.There’s a red car parking in our neighborhood. Do you know_it is? A What B who C Whose D whom ( ) 2.I’m wondering_ Liu Xiang will have time to attend the meeting. A whether B that C who D what ( ) 3.—Can you tell me_it is from here to the Summer Palace?—Let me see.It’s about fifteen minutes’ ride. A how long B how soon C how far D how much C A C 解题方法:先分析从句,看是否缺少成分,然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的作用作出选择 高分秘籍 中考链接二:考查宾语从句的时态 ( )1.—Where is Tom? Do you know? -I think he_ to the library. A has gone B goes C has been D went ( ) 2.Tom said he _ back in a week. A will come B would come C come ( ) 3.I don’t know if it _ tomorrow.If it_,I’ll stay at home. A will rain,rains B rains ,will rain C will rain ,will rain D rains,rains A B A 高分秘籍 解题方法:1.主句用一般现在时,宾语从句可以根据实 际情况选用各种时态。 2.主句用一般过去时,宾语从句要用与之相 对应的过去时态。(从句表示客观真理、 自然现象时除外) 中考链接三:考查宾语从句的语序(时态,连词,语序同时考查) . ( ) 1.He asked me_ . A.if she will come B. how many books I want to have C.They would help us do it D. what was wrong with me ( ) 2.-The summer holiday is coming .Have you decided_? -I’m planning to go Hawaii, the most wonderful place for water sports. A.when you’re going to enjoy it B. how often are you going to enjoy it C. where you’re going to enjoy it D C 高分秘籍 解题方法:一律为陈述句语序 注意:当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时,语序不变: What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? What happened? eg:I don’t know what’s the matter. Can you tell me who is over there? . Find out the mistakes and correct them. 1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student. 3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is? was is whose 宾语从句的标点: 宾语从句的标点要根据_来确定。 He asked me where I went just now. I don’t know what’s the matter. Tell me how old he is. Do you know when he’ll be back? Can you tell me if he can swim? Would you tell me why the train is late? 当主句是陈述句时,句末通常用_; 当主句是疑问句时,句末通常用_。 主句的句子类型 句点 问号 宾语从句的人称变化: 她说:“我想当一名老师。” 她说她想当一名老师。 She said,“I want to be a teacher.” 两句合为一句(变为间接引语/宾语从句): She said (that) she wanted to be a teacher. 把直接引语变为间接引语就是变为宾语从句。 直接引述别人的话叫直接引语,前后要加引号。引号中的叫直接引语。 转述别人的话叫间接引语,多数情况下构成宾语从句,且不用引号。 直接引语变为间接引语时,间接引语(宾语从句)的人称会发生变化。 可以随句意变 宾语从句的人称变化: 1. “Can I use your pencil?”He asked me. He asked me if/whether he could use my knife. 2. “Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me. He asked me if/whether I knew her telephone number. 3. Mr. Smith said,“Jack is a good worker.” Mr. Smith said (that) Jack was a good worker. 直接引语的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与_句的_语一致;如果是第二人称,则与_句的_语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。 主 主 主 宾 一随主,二随宾,第三人称不变更 宾语从句与简单句的转换:含有宾语从句的复合句在一定条件下可以转换为简单句 1. 若主从句主语一致,则由_引导的宾语从句可以转换为_+_结构。 I want to know how I can get there.(同义句) I want to know _ _ _ there. John didn’t decide which book he would buy.(变为简单句) John didn’t decide . I don’t know what I should do next. I don’t know _ _ _next. John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy. John didn’t decide _ _ _ _. what to do which shirt to buy 疑问词 疑问词 不定式 how to get which book to buy Could you tell me _ it? A. what can I do B. how can I do C. what to do D. how to do how to do it 与 what to do 的区别 how:对行为方式表示提问,是疑问副词 how to do:怎么去做,do后要有宾语。 what:对行为内容表示提问,是疑问代词 what to do:做什么,what即是do的宾语 D Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me _ _ _ to the police station? Please tell him which book he would read first. Please tell him _ _ _ _ first . 2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时,如果间宾与从句主语一致,也可变为简单句。 how to get which book to read Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(变为复合句) Can you tell me the bus stop ? Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(变为复合句) Please tell Lucy the MP5. how I can get to how she can/should use if 和when的两种含义 If it rains, I’ll stay at home. (if 为 之意,引导 从句) I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. (if 为 之意,引导 从句) When he comes back, please tell me. (when为 之意时,引导 从句) I want to know when he will come back. (when为_之意时,引导 从句) 如果 是否 当…时 什么时候/何时 条件状语 宾语 时间状语 宾语 时态 if/when 条件/时间状语从句: 主将/情/祈从现 宾语从句: 主现从任/主过从过/真理永现在 If/when 区别练习: 1. If it _(rain) tomorrow, I won’t come. 2. He didn’t tell me if it _(rain) tomorrow. 3. I don’t know if he _(come) tomorrow. If he_ (come), I’ll tell you. 4. When it _(stop) raining, we’ll go swimming. 5. Could you tell me when the film _(start)? I’ll leave for a moment. would rain rains will come comes stops will start 如果 是否 是否 如果 当…….的时候 什么时候 6- I don’t know if he _ to Kate’s birthday party. - He’s sure to go if he _. A. goes, knows B. will go, knows C. goes, will know D. go, know 7- Do you know _ the teacher will come back tomorrow or not? - Sorry, I don’t know. _ he comes back, I will tell you at once. A. if, Whether B. if, If C. whether, Whether D. whether, If B D 当主句的主语为第一人称(I/we), 且谓语动词是think/guess/believe/expect/suppose(猜想/料想)等时,如果宾语从句要表达否定意思,则只能否定主句,不能否定从句,即否定前移。 如:我认为你不对。 I don’t think you are right. 宾语从句的否定前移 I/We think/guess/believe/expect/suppose+否定意义的宾语从句 I/We don’t think/guess/believe/expect/suppose+肯定形式的宾语从句 条件: 主句的主语必须是第一人称I/We; 2. 主句的谓语动词是think/guess/believe/expect/suppose; 3. 主句常用一般现在时态; 4. 宾语从句表示否定意义。 Translate the following sentences. 1. 我认为不会下雨. I _ that it _. 2. 我认为你的答案不对. I _your answer _ right. 3. 我们相信他还没走. We _ that he _. don’t think will rain don’t think is don’t believe has gone 变反意疑问句,先还原从句否定,再以从句为准变化 I don’t think this dress fits you well, ? 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿,是吗? I don’t think you are right, ? 我认为你是错的,是吗? I don’t believe you will finish the work today, ? 我认为你今天无法完成工作, 是吗? does it are you will you 否定前移及反意疑问句形式巧记法 我认为猜想有假不可信,提问宾从构反问。 从句若表否定意, 否定词语要前移。 一、引导词 if/whether区别 特殊疑问句的简化:疑问词+to do 二、语序 what is the matter?(怎么了?)语序不变 三 、时态 如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象 ,仍用一般现在时 Could you tell me…? 宾语从句六注意: 四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 五、反意疑问句 一般看主句 I+ think,believe,suppose,guess等看从句 六、否定转移 在think , believe , suppose,imagine等动词所跟的宾语中,如果从句谓语是否定的,一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去,而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如: I don’t think he has time to play with girl. 我认为他没时间和女孩玩。 练习:将下列各句合并成宾语从句。 1.What is his name? I don’t know _ 2.When did you begin to study English? I didn’t know _ 3.It is important to learn English. The teacher said _ 4.Does he live in that street? Could you tell me_ what his name is . when you began to study English. it was important to learn English. if he lives in that street. 5.我不知道飞机为什么晚点了. I did n’t know_the plane_ _. 6.他问我会议什么时候开始. He asked me _the meeting _ _. 7.没人知道他是什么时候出生的. No one knows _he _ _. why was late when would begin when was born 8.老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大 The teacher told his students the sun _ _ than the moon. 9.我不能肯定他来还是不来. I’m not sure _ he _ _ or not. is bigger whether will come 1. I want to know _ he can be here on time. A. who B. when C. where D. which 2. Could you tell me _? A. what your mother do B. what does your mother do C. your mother does D. what your mother does 3. Did you know _ a sports meeting next Saturday ? A. there would have to be B. if there were C. if there was going to be D. there was going to have 4.Tell me _ , please. A. how old is he B. how old he is C. he is how old D. how old does he 一步两步,选出Mr.Right! ( )1. The young man asked _ it's summer or winter. A. if B. that C. weather D. whether ( )2. We don't know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which ( )3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time tomorrow . A. that B. if C. when D. what time ( )4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that D A B C Practice ( )5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station ( )6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like ( )7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live C B D ( )8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is ( )9. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China ( )10. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , won't go B. rained , wasn't go C. rains , won't go D. rain , will go B C D 将下列句子合并为一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. He said. 5. He will come back. Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way. Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting? He asked if they liked to go skiing. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. 6. Is she doing her homework? Jim asked. 7. When will he come back? Tom asked. 8.How can I get to the station? Could you tell me? 9.Why is the train late? Would you tell me? 10. Where is Tom? They asked. Tom asked when he would come back. Could you tell me how I can get to the station? Would you tell me why the train is late? They asked where Tom was. Jim asked if she was doing her homework. 二、句型转换: 1.I think he can finish the work on time.(否定句) I think he finish the work on time. 2.I want to know how I can get there.(同义句) I want to know get there. 3.Please tell me what I should do next.(同义句) Please tell me do next. don't can how to what to 4.Do you know? When does the train leave? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Do you know ? 5.Where is the market? Can you tell me? (合并为一句) Can you tell me _ the market_? 6.Can you tell us where we should go? (改为同义句) Can you tell us ? 7.Excuse me. How can I get to the park? (改为宾语从句) Can you tell me get to the park? when the train leaves where is where to go how I can 综合练习(各地中考题) 1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if 2.I don't know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. -He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where 3. -We never know _ the old man is. -They say he is a teacher. A. what B. who C. which D. where A D 谁动了我了奶酪 A 4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when 5. -Do you know _ ? I'm going to see him. -Sorry, I don't know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 6-W here do you think _ he _ the computer? - Sorry, I have no idea A./; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy D C A 7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what was the matter 8. -Where is Jack? -He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _ . A. that B. which C. where D. there D C 9. It’s difficult to imagine_ it is like in that village after the earthquake. A. when B. what C. where D. which 10. -Look at the stone bridge! Do you know_ it was built? -In the 1860s.It is quite old. A. when B. how C. where D. why B A $$