精品解析：四川省平昌中学等校2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

四川省平昌中学高2023级第三学期入学考试题 英语 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 注意事项： 1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3、答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4、所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。 5、考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力分 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man interested in? A. The food. B. The wine. C. The culture. 2. How does the man sound? A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Disappointed. 3. What does the woman mainly want to do? A. Go shopping. B. Save money. C. Buy a new house. 4. When will the man watch the movie? A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Tuesday. 5. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a cinema. B. In a library. C. In a classroom. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7小题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates. B. Competitors. C. Colleagues. 7. What does Elaine think of the man? A. Shy. B. Nervous C. Sociable. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the time now? A. Around 6:00 p. m. B. Around 6:30 p. m. C. Around 7:00p. m 9. In which direction were the speakers supposed to drive? A. South. B. North. C. East. 10. What is the man doing? A. Making a joke. B. Giving directions C. Blaming the woman 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers looking at? A. A phone. B. A picture. C. A map. 12. Where do the speakers want to go? A. To the forest. B. To the lake. C. To the rocks. 13 What will the speakers do next? A. Start walking. B. Make a call. C. Have a drink. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How long has the man been in China? A. For a month. B. For a year. C. For a decade. 15. How did the man feel about his early experience in China? A. Lonely. B. Happy. C. Busy. 16. Where does the man meet a problem? A. At the bank. B. At the shop. C. At the barber's. 17. What does the woman suggest the man do for his main problem? A. Write a note. B. Carry some cash. C. Consult a Chinese. 听第10段材料，回答第 18至20题。 18. What is the age difference between two couple? A. One year. B. Two years. C. Three years. 19. How did the couple's daughter feel after seeing the film? A. Amused. B. Moved. C. Uninterested. 20. What is the story about? A. The film industry in the 1960s. B. The wedding traditions in the 1960s. C. The discovery of a wedding film in the 1960s. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，.选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Winter is for working hard; summer is for playing hard. From the Bahamas to Amsterdam, we have several most appealing summer vacation spots for you to choose from. The Bahamas While there is a risk of getting rained on during hurricane season, June generally sees mild weather, fewer crowds and significantly lower prices. While some resorts in the Out Islands may close, New Providence and Paradise Island remain open year-round. It’s a good choice for families looking for a taste of relaxing island living. Mackinac Island MI Mackinac Island, 20 minutes by boat from either the Upper or Lower Peninsula of Michigan, comes alive on summer weekends. Most of its roughly 4 square miles is parkland, suitable for hiking and cycling. Be sure to take in the beautiful architecture—Victorian cottages that date back to just after the Civil War. You can have a taste of times gone by; cars were banned more than a hundred years ago, and horse-drawn carriages are still used to get around today. Amsterdam Summer is the ideal time to visit this city. The gray skies have lifted, festivals abound and events to enjoy include the Open Garden Days, when visitors can peek into the private gardens behind the beautiful houses that line the famous canals. You can experience urban adventure, crossing Amsterdam’s thousands of bridges and waterways by bike and by boat in search of the perfect brown café. Ocean City, MD This East Coast beach town is best known for its boardwalk, which is known for old-school amusement rides. Cycling in the town is also a great pleasure. Grab your wallets and feast on hard-shelled crabs at Hooper’s crab house or drink in the sunset with a local beer in hand from Fager’s Island Restaurant & Bar’s large bayfront decks Parking is free with your consuming receipt. You can’t miss a classic walk along the boardwalk and the taste of Thrasher’s vinegar and Old Bay French fries 1. Where could you go if you want to enjoy a bit of history? A. The Bahamas B. Mackinac Island. C. Amsterdam. D. Ocean City. 2. According to the text, what can you experience in Amsterdam? A. Exploring waterways in a boat B. Eating seafood in the sunset C. Enjoying life on islands with family D. Riding horse-drawn carriages. 3. What do Mackinac Island and Ocean City have in common? A. They provide free parking B. They have snacks to offer C. They are suitable for cycling D. They have ancient tourist spots B Ms. McIntyre, 38, worked as a published. She suffered brain cancer and her health got worse despite some medical treatment. But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay. Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. The group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they cost. In other words, for every 100 donated, the group can pay off 10,000 in unpaid medical bills. Unfortunately, Ms. McIntyre passed away before long. Mr. Gregory posted a message for Ms. McIntyre on her social media accounts. “If you’re reading this, I have passed away,” the post began. Then the post explained, “To celebrate my life, I’ve arranged to buy up others’ medical debts and then des troy the debts.” The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts. Mr. Gregory planned a special event in December to celebrate Ms. McIntyre’s life and to announce how many millions of dollars of medical debts her efforts had paid for. 4. Why did Ms. McIntyre feel luckier than some other people? A. The doctors eventually cured her. B. Her disease didn’t become worse. C. She had a decent job before being ill. D. She had security about medical care. 5. How did Ms. McIntyre and her husband help others? A. By paying for their daily debts. B. By giving away money to them. C. By paying off their debts from treatments. D. By purchasing medical insurance for them. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The public involvement. B. The couple’s commitment. C. The operation of a website. D. The increase of medical debts. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Ms. McIntyre? A. Humorous and elegant. B. Influential and generous. C. Cautious and promising. D. Enthusiastic and adaptable. C It’s commonly acknowledged that our lives are ruled by algorithms (算法) but have we really collectively understood how they have transformed our culture and personality? In Filterworld: How algorithms flattened culture, Kyle Chayka argues convincingly that the rise of algorithm-driven feeds, used everywhere online from Instagram to Spotify, has led to a more uniform culture. Our tastes and desires increasingly don’t belong to us, but to algorithms that are designed to keep people engaged at all costs. If the collection of our tastes truly shapes our entire personality, then this loss is more psychologically damaging than it first appears. Aimlessly scrolling (滚屏) through Netflix or TikTok may seem harmless, but over days, months or years, we lose touch with what we like and enjoy. Taste-making algorithms are inescapable. Chayka shows this by working through all corners of life: what we wear(TikTok), where we eat(Google Maps), music we listen to(Spotify), even who we date or marry(Tinder). This universe of algorithm-driven decisions has society-wide implications: “It extends to influence our physical spaces, our cities, and the routes we move through…flattening them in turn.” No one gets out of the Filterworld untouched. If you’re lucky enough not to need any sort of algorithm-based system for your work, then you have the option to step back from algorithms for a while. But if your friend suggests a film recommended on X/Twitter or you feel the need to buy those shoes suddenly everyone has started wearing after social media advertisements, what are you to do? It all feels fruitless. This Filterworld may be inescapable, but there is hope. You can start by engaging more with the media you do choose to consume. This could mean reading up about a film you watched or paying artists you like directly. Even the thoughtful act of recommending an album (专辑) to a friend is more rewarding than a random TikTok feed. As Chayka says, resistance to algorithms “requires an act of willpower, a choice to move through the world in a different way.” 8. What is Kyle Chayka’s opinion on algorithms? A. They improve our tastes. B. They make our culture more alike. C. They help to identify our personality. D. They contribute to psychological problems. 9. What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The society with advanced technology. B. The world without social media platforms. C. The network of algorithm-driven decisions. D. The community free from algorithmic influence. 10. Which of the following is a way to resist the impact of algorithms? A. Limiting the use of social media platforms. B. Making choices based on friends’ suggestions. C. Getting more involved with the selected media. D. Disconnecting from social media advertisements. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Algorithms: Cultural Takeover B. The Secret of Algorithms C. Social Media: Cultural Messenger D. The Rise of Digital Platforms D If your partner gets down on one knee to propose, or you get a call with the job offer, your reaction might be to shout it from the rooftops. But new research suggests that keeping good news a secret before telling someone else could make people feel more energized. “Decades of research on secrecy suggest it is bad for our well-being. However, this work has only examined keeping secrets that have negative effects for our lives. Is secrecy inherently bad for our well-being or do the negative effects of secrecy tend to originate from keeping negative secrets?” asked lead researcher of the latest research Michael Slepian, PhD, a professor of business at Columbia University. In the experiment, some participants were asked to reflect on the good news they kept secret, while others reflected on good news that was not secret, and then rated how energized the news made them feel and whether they intended to share the news with someone else. The researchers found that the participants who reflected on their positive secrets reported feeling more energized than the participants who thought about their good news that was not secret. The research nuances our understanding of the science of secrets. Negative secrets tend to deplete us and have also been linked to anxiety and depression. Positive secrets, however, seem to have an energizing effect and make people alive. One factor could be that people often have different motivations for keeping good news to themselves. Those with positive secrets were much more likely to keep quiet for internal reasons, not because they felt any outside pressures. “People sometimes go to great lengths to plan revealing a positive secret to make it all the more exciting. This kind of surprise can be intensely enjoyable, but surprise is the most fleeting of our emotions, ” Slepian said. “Having extra time days, weeks or even longer-to imagine the joyful surprise on another person’s face allows us more time with this exciting moment, even if only in our own minds.” 12. What did Michael Slepian think of the previous research on secrecy? A. One-sided. B. Pointless. C. Convincing. D. Pioneering. 13. In the experiment, some participants were more energized because ______. A. they were optimistic and cheerful. B. they were free from secrets. C. they had undisclosed positive secrets. D. they had shared good news with others. 14. What does the underlined word “deplete” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Spoil. B. Exhaust. C. Confuse. D. Panic. 15. According to the last paragraph, what did Slepian suggest readers do? A. Never reveal a secret casually. B. Let your imagination run wild. C Be creative when surprising others. D. Delay sharing a positive secret. 第二节 （共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Rock climbing has become a mainstream pleasure enjoyed by many. The natural world offers a thrilling adventure through beautiful environments filled with wildlife. However, rock climbing happens in places that are generally hard to access and unsuitable for agricultural expansion and urbanization. As a result, they have generally suffered less human impact and the areas tend to be important sites for biodiversity. ___16___ With the sport booming, the amazing biodiversity sustained by cliff ecosystems is under pressure. ___17___ Giving nesting birds some place is what climbers can do. The presence of climbers at the cliff where birds are nesting tends to cause them to abandon their chicks to starvation. Climbers should check in advance if there are any bird nesting restrictions. This information is usually available on climbing guidebooks. ___18___ If climbers spot a nest, try to leave a note and find a way to communicate this to the rest of the local climbing community. Some cliff- specialist plant species have very narrow ranges. If a suitable habitat is rare, they have few opportunities to grow elsewhere. However, climbers can remove vegetation and soil when establishing a route that has not been climbed before. ___19___ So climbers should keep the impact on vegetation in mind when developing new climbing routes. Even they can work with other route developers and conservationists to understand the potential impact on the plants. The number of climbers heading out to these cliffs is increasing at an astonishing pace. It is essential for climbers to know what they can do for the protection of the cliff ecosystem. ___20___ Please help those with less experience and knowledge by sharing the information about climbing and biodiversity damage! A. This can wipe out the cliff ecosystem that was there previously. B. And some organizations have an online database offered to check. C. Therefore, every climber is responsible for protecting the cliff ecosystem. D. Even climbers can ask the climbing gym to organise a discussion about this topic. E. Seemingly a straightforward way is to spread the word about these good practices. F. These data can then be accessed by scientists to avoid environmental issues on cliffs. G. For example, 40% of sport climbing areas in Spain are found in nature protection areas. 第三部分：语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15 小题: 每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Staton, once a Maryland sanitation（公共卫生） worker, was accepted to Harvard Law School. His ___21___ American success story went viral. “Although I get ___22___ for diligence, working hard was the easy part because I could control that,” said Staton. “But I just happened to be around people who cared enough about me.” From early on Staton understood the ___23___ of life. His mother ___24___ the family when he was 8. He and older brother Reggie were raised ___25___ by their dad. The family of three struggled to make ends ___26___ . He saw his family's continual struggle to stay ___27___ , the uphill battle to do better. After high school, Staton quit the admission to a college and worked in a trash company, where his co-workers ___28___ him to do more with his life and go to college. It motivated him. A year later, he found his ___29___ to the University of Maryland. But he knew the effort and sacrifice were not his ____30____ . Reggie dropped out of college to help with the family finances when his father had a stroke, ____31____ Staton to finish college. The ____32____ for a better life for his family was the main reason he applied to law school for the further study. Staton was ____33____ to five of the nine law schools, Harvard included. “When my story went viral, the media presented it as a happy story, something like ‘Garbage Man Applies to Harvard, ____34____ In',” he said. “But I did it to ____35____ my family.” 21. A. odd B. self- made C. original D. self- controlled 22. A. credit B. commitment C. bonus D. inspiration 23. A. value B. abundance C. instability D. poverty 24. A. abandoned B. abused C. sacrificed D. ruined 25. A. pessimistically B. cautiously C. delicately D. solely 26. A. cross B. depart C. hug D. meet 27. A. afloat B. awake C. aboard D. alert 28. A. witnessed B. permitted C. pushed D. assigned 29. A. attitude B. way C. calling D. honor 30. A. respectively B. alone C. literally D. along 31. A. identifying B. accelerating C. guaranteeing D. praying 32. A. profile B. project C. impression D. desire 33. A. distributed B. covered C. offered D. dismissed 34. A. Breaks B. Gets C. Admits D. Comes 35. A. strengthen B. restore C. resolve D. save 第二节 （共10小题: 每小题1.5分，满分15分） Text1: 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It looks like she has just flowed____36____out of the sky and is standing on a ship. Her head and arms are missing, but you can imagine her ____37____(hold) her arms up high, celebrating the result of ____38____ ancient battle. And just look at how her dress is being folded by the wind! I really can’t believe she’s made ____39____ stone. Text2: 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With just 700 metres ____40____ (go), Alistair saw Jonny about to fall. He ran towards his brother, ____41____ (catch) him and started pulling him towards the finish line. After the race, he just wanted to see his younger brother, ____42____ had been rushed to the medical area. The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons ____43____ they were children. ____44____ (watch) by millions, the ending to the race has divided opinions. Text3: 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We started from Vancouver, ____45____ we picked up our vehicle for the trip-a home on wheels. We got lost a few times even with the help of GPS, but eventually we managed ____46____ (cross) the Rocky Mountains. The views were fantastic, though. There were forests, mountains with snowy tops and ____47____ (mass) of ice. It’s like another world. On the eighth day, I’d fallen asleep ____48____ I heard Dad’s phone rang. He was driving, so I answered it. Guess who it was? Mum! It was then ____49____ I realised her seat was empty. On another day, Mum was using Dad’s phone to take photos of the colourful little houses along the coast when we saw something amazing-a killer whale! Mum was ____50____ excited that she dropped the phone into the sea. 第四部分 词汇基础与翻译（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 单词拼写 （共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分） 根据首字母和中文提示，写出正确的单词； 每空一词。在答题卡上作答时，请写出完整单词。 51. P________ (坚持不懈) is failing nineteen times and succeeding the twentieth. (根据中英文提示填空) 52. Young people are very s________ （敏感的） about their appearance. (根据中英文提示填空) 53. After receiving the c________（证实）email, I felt relieved that my order had been processed. (根据中英文提示填空) 54. Animals in the zoo have lost the a________ （能力） to catch food for themselves. (根据中英文提示填空) 55. As witnesses to the accident, we were asked to make written d________ (声明) what we had seen. (根据中英文提示填空) 56. I found myself in an e________ (彻底地) new world the moment I arrived in China. (根据中英文提示填空) 57. Please write and tell me the p________(手续) of applying for a visa. (根据中英文提示填空) 58 The painter is planning an e________ （展览） of her works for the early spring. (根据中英文提示填空) 59. The aim of the course is to help students to comprehend the structure of c________（当代的）political and social systems. (根据中英文提示填空) 60. The m________ （华丽） of the building is beyond expression. (根据中英文提示填空) 61. Three a________ (尝试) on the school 200- metre record also ended in failure. (根据中英文提示填空) 62. The government has issued clear g________ （指导方针） on the content of religious education. (根据中英文提示填空) 63. She was a d________ （杰出的） oceanographer, and a gifted painter into the bargain. (根据中英文提示填空) 64. He didn't feel compretely at ease in the strange s________(环境). (根据中英文提示填空) 65. She found a company to s________ （资助） her through college. (根据中英文提示填空) 66. The frequent o________ （发生） of heart disease in the remote village has been puzzling scientists. (根据中英文提示填空) 67. Today’s a________ (公布) of a peace agreement came after weeks of discussion. (根据中英文提示填空) 68. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can aim at victims p________(精确地). (根据中英文提示填空) 69. Our country has s________ (充足) of natural resources. (根据中英文提示填空) 70. There is a s________ (缺乏) of well qualified teachers of foreign languages, especially of French. (根据中英文提示填空) 第二节：翻译下列句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 71. 太阳从东边升起，西边落下。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 72. 我们应该保持地球健康。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 73. 那些花看起来又新鲜又好看。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 74. 植物需要水和阳光。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 75. 昨天，我给我儿子买了一盒马克笔（Mark pen）。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 第五部分 书面表达 （满分20分） 76. 请你以“My Summer Story”为题，写一篇日记。日记内容包括： （1） 时间、地点、人物； （2） 具体活动； （3） 你的感受。 注意： （1） 词数100左右； （2） 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； My Summer Story Sunday, August 4th, Sunny ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 四川省平昌中学高2023级第三学期入学考试题 英语 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 注意事项： 1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3、答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4、所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。 5、考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力分 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man interested in? A. The food. B. The wine. C. The culture. 2. How does the man sound? A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Disappointed. 3. What does the woman mainly want to do? A. Go shopping. B. Save money. C. Buy a new house. 4. When will the man watch the movie? A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Tuesday. 5. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a cinema. B. In a library. C. In a classroom. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7小题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates. B. Competitors. C. Colleagues. 7. What does Elaine think of the man? A. Shy. B. Nervous C. Sociable. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the time now? A. Around 6:00 p. m. B. Around 6:30 p. m. C. Around 7:00p. m 9. In which direction were the speakers supposed to drive? A. South. B. North. C. East. 10. What is the man doing? A. Making a joke. B. Giving directions C. Blaming the woman 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers looking at? A. A phone. B. A picture. C. A map. 12. Where do the speakers want to go? A. To the forest. B. To the lake. C. To the rocks. 13. What will the speakers do next? A. Start walking. B. Make a call. C. Have a drink. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14 How long has the man been in China? A. For a month. B. For a year. C. For a decade. 15. How did the man feel about his early experience in China? A. Lonely. B. Happy. C. Busy. 16. Where does the man meet a problem? A. At the bank. B. At the shop. C. At the barber's. 17. What does the woman suggest the man do for his main problem? A. Write a note. B. Carry some cash. C. Consult a Chinese. 听第10段材料，回答第 18至20题。 18. What is the age difference between two couple? A. One year. B. Two years. C. Three years. 19. How did the couple's daughter feel after seeing the film? A. Amused. B. Moved. C. Uninterested. 20. What is the story about? A. The film industry in the 1960s. B. The wedding traditions in the 1960s. C. The discovery of a wedding film in the 1960s. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，.选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Winter is for working hard; summer is for playing hard. From the Bahamas to Amsterdam, we have several most appealing summer vacation spots for you to choose from. The Bahamas While there is a risk of getting rained on during hurricane season, June generally sees mild weather, fewer crowds and significantly lower prices. While some resorts in the Out Islands may close, New Providence and Paradise Island remain open year-round. It’s a good choice for families looking for a taste of relaxing island living. Mackinac Island, MI Mackinac Island, 20 minutes by boat from either the Upper or Lower Peninsula of Michigan, comes alive on summer weekends. Most of its roughly 4 square miles is parkland, suitable for hiking and cycling. Be sure to take in the beautiful architecture—Victorian cottages that date back to just after the Civil War. You can have a taste of times gone by; cars were banned more than a hundred years ago, and horse-drawn carriages are still used to get around today. Amsterdam Summer is the ideal time to visit this city. The gray skies have lifted, festivals abound and events to enjoy include the Open Garden Days, when visitors can peek into the private gardens behind the beautiful houses that line the famous canals. You can experience urban adventure, crossing Amsterdam’s thousands of bridges and waterways by bike and by boat in search of the perfect brown café. Ocean City, MD This East Coast beach town is best known for its boardwalk, which is known for old-school amusement rides. Cycling in the town is also a great pleasure. Grab your wallets and feast on hard-shelled crabs at Hooper’s crab house or drink in the sunset with a local beer in hand from Fager’s Island Restaurant & Bar’s large bayfront decks Parking is free with your consuming receipt. You can’t miss a classic walk along the boardwalk and the taste of Thrasher’s vinegar and Old Bay French fries 1. Where could you go if you want to enjoy a bit of history? A. The Bahamas B. Mackinac Island. C. Amsterdam. D. Ocean City. 2. According to the text, what can you experience in Amsterdam? A. Exploring waterways in a boat B. Eating seafood in the sunset C. Enjoying life on islands with family D. Riding horse-drawn carriages. 3. What do Mackinac Island and Ocean City have in common? A. They provide free parking B. They have snacks to offer C. They are suitable for cycling D. They have ancient tourist spots 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几个夏季旅游胜地，包括巴哈马、麦基诺克岛、阿姆斯特丹和海洋城，提供了关于这些地方的天气、景点、活动和特色美食等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mackinac Island, MI下的“Be sure to take in the beautiful architecture—Victorian cottages that date back to just after the Civil War. You can have a taste of times gone by; cars were banned more than a hundred years ago, and horse-drawn carriages are still used to get around today.(一定要去看看美丽的建筑——维多利亚时代的小屋，它们可以追溯到内战后不久。你可以品尝到逝去的时光；汽车在一百多年前就被禁止了，今天人们仍然使用马车出行)”可知，如果你想享受一点历史，你可以去Mackinac Island, MI。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Amsterdam下的“The gray skies have lifted, festivals abound and events to enjoy include the Open Garden Days, when visitors can peek into the private gardens behind the beautiful houses that line the famous canals. You can experience urban adventure, crossing Amsterdam’s thousands of bridges and waterways by bike and by boat in search of the perfect brown café.(灰色的天空已经消失，节日和活动比比皆是，包括开放花园日，游客可以在著名运河两旁的美丽房屋后面窥视私人花园。你可以体验城市冒险，骑自行车或乘船穿过阿姆斯特丹成千上万的桥梁和水道，寻找完美的棕色咖啡馆)”可知，游客在Amsterdam可以体验乘船探索水道。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mackinac Island, MI下的“Most of its roughly 4 square miles is parkland, suitable for hiking and cycling.(它大约4平方英里的大部分是公园，适合徒步旅行和骑自行车)”以及Ocean City, MD下的“Cycling in the town is also a great pleasure.(在城里骑自行车也是一种极大的乐趣)”可知，Mackinac Island和Ocean City的共同之处是：它们适合骑自行车。故选C项。 B Ms. McIntyre, 38, worked as a published. She suffered brain cancer and her health got worse despite some medical treatment. But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay. Though her health was failing Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. The group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they cost. In other words, for every 100 donated, the group can pay off 10,000 in unpaid medical bills. Unfortunately, Ms. McIntyre passed away before long. Mr. Gregory posted a message for Ms. McIntyre on her social media accounts. “If you’re reading this, I have passed away,” the post began. Then the post explained, “To celebrate my life, I’ve arranged to buy up others’ medical debts and then des troy the debts.” The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts. Mr. Gregory planned a special event in December to celebrate Ms. McIntyre’s life and to announce how many millions of dollars of medical debts her efforts had paid for. 4. Why did Ms. McIntyre feel luckier than some other people? A. The doctors eventually cured her. B. Her disease didn’t become worse. C. She had a decent job before being ill. D. She had security about medical care. 5. How did Ms. McIntyre and her husband help others? A. By paying for their daily debts. B. By giving away money to them. C. By paying off their debts from treatments. D. By purchasing medical insurance for them. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The public involvement. B. The couple’s commitment. C. The operation of a website. D. The increase of medical debts. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Ms. McIntyre? A. Humorous and elegant. B. Influential and generous. C. Cautious and promising. D. Enthusiastic and adaptable. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了38岁的麦金太尔和丈夫建立了名为RIP医疗债务的组织，来帮助那些无力支付医疗债务的人。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. (但她意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他一些人幸运。她有保险来帮助支付她的医疗费用。)”可知，麦金太尔觉得自己比其他人幸运因为她有医疗保障。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. (尽管她的健康状况每况愈下，麦金太尔还是决定帮助尽可能多的人还清医疗债务。这对夫妇开始向一个名为RIP医疗债务的组织捐款，该组织致力于为他人偿还未付的医疗债务)”可知，麦金太尔女士和她的丈夫通过偿还他人的治疗债务帮助别人。故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts. (这对夫妇在一个网站上建立了一个页面，为这个目的筹集资金。他们原本希望筹集到大约2万美元。尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务。)”可知，第四段的主要内容是公众参与。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. (尽管她的健康状况每况愈下，麦金太尔还是决定帮助尽可能多的人还清医疗债务。这对夫妇开始向一个名为RIP医疗债务的组织捐款，该组织致力于为他人偿还未付的医疗债务)”可知，麦金太尔女士很慷慨，根据第四段中的“Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts. (尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务。)”可知，麦金太尔女士很有影响力。故可推知，麦金太尔女士有影响力和慷慨。故选B。 C It’s commonly acknowledged that our lives are ruled by algorithms (算法), but have we really collectively understood how they have transformed our culture and personality? In Filterworld: How algorithms flattened culture, Kyle Chayka argues convincingly that the rise of algorithm-driven feeds, used everywhere online from Instagram to Spotify, has led to a more uniform culture. Our tastes and desires increasingly don’t belong to us, but to algorithms that are designed to keep people engaged at all costs. If the collection of our tastes truly shapes our entire personality, then this loss is more psychologically damaging than it first appears. Aimlessly scrolling (滚屏) through Netflix or TikTok may seem harmless, but over days, months or years, we lose touch with what we like and enjoy. Taste-making algorithms are inescapable. Chayka shows this by working through all corners of life: what we wear(TikTok), where we eat(Google Maps), music we listen to(Spotify), even who we date or marry(Tinder). This universe of algorithm-driven decisions has society-wide implications: “It extends to influence our physical spaces, our cities, and the routes we move through…flattening them in turn.” No one gets out of the Filterworld untouched. If you’re lucky enough not to need any sort of algorithm-based system for your work, then you have the option to step back from algorithms for a while. But if your friend suggests a film recommended on X/Twitter or you feel the need to buy those shoes suddenly everyone has started wearing after social media advertisements, what are you to do? It all feels fruitless. This Filterworld may be inescapable, but there is hope. You can start by engaging more with the media you do choose to consume. This could mean reading up about a film you watched or paying artists you like directly. Even the thoughtful act of recommending an album (专辑) to a friend is more rewarding than a random TikTok feed. As Chayka says, resistance to algorithms “requires an act of willpower, a choice to move through the world in a different way.” 8. What is Kyle Chayka’s opinion on algorithms? A. They improve our tastes. B. They make our culture more alike. C. They help to identify our personality. D. They contribute to psychological problems. 9. What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The society with advanced technology. B. The world without social media platforms. C. The network of algorithm-driven decisions. D. The community free from algorithmic influence. 10. Which of the following is a way to resist the impact of algorithms? A. Limiting the use of social media platforms. B. Making choices based on friends’ suggestions. C. Getting more involved with the selected media. D. Disconnecting from social media advertisements. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Algorithms: Cultural Takeover B. The Secret of Algorithms C. Social Media: Cultural Messenger D. The Rise of Digital Platforms 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们的生活普遍受到了算法的影响，算法使我们的文化更加相似，对此提出了一些避免文化被算法趋同的建议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In Filterworld: How algorithms flattened culture, Kyle Chayka argues convincingly that the rise of algorithm-driven feeds, used everywhere online from Instagram to Spotify, has led to a more uniform culture. Our tastes and desires increasingly don’t belong to us, but to algorithms that are designed to keep people engaged at all costs. (在《过滤器世界：算法如何使文化扁平化》一书中，Kyle Chayka令人信服地指出，从Instagram到Spotify，算法驱动的信息流在网上无处不在，它的兴起导致了一种更加统一的文化。我们的品味和欲望越来越不属于我们自己，而是属于那些旨在不惜一切代价让人们参与其中的算法。)”可知，Kyle Chayka对算法的看法是它们使我们的文化更加相似。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“This universe of algorithm-driven decisions has society-wide implications: “It extends to influence our physical spaces, our cities, and the routes we move through…flattening them in turn.” (这种由算法驱动的决策对整个社会都有影响：“它延伸到影响我们的物理空间、城市和我们走过的路线……反过来使它们扁平化。”)”可知，算法驱动的决策网络影响到了我们生活的各个方面，没有人能不受影响地从算法驱动的决策网络走出来。故划线部分指的是“算法驱动的决策网络”。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This Filterworld may be inescapable, but there is hope. You can start by engaging more with the media you do choose to consume. (这个“过滤世界”可能是不可避免的，但还是有希望的。你可以从更多地参与你选择消费的媒体开始。)”可知，更多地参与选定的媒体是抵抗算法影响的方法。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“It’s commonly acknowledged that our lives are ruled by algorithms (算法), but have we really collectively understood how they have transformed our culture and personality? (人们普遍认为，我们的生活是由算法控制的，但我们真的理解了它们是如何改变我们的文化和个性的吗？)”结合文章主要说明了人们的生活普遍受到了算法的影响，算法使我们的文化更加相似，对此提出了一些避免文化被算法趋同的建议。可知，A选项“算法：文化接管”最符合文章标题。故选A。 D If your partner gets down on one knee to propose, or you get a call with the job offer, your reaction might be to shout it from the rooftops. But new research suggests that keeping good news a secret before telling someone else could make people feel more energized. “Decades of research on secrecy suggest it is bad for our well-being. However, this work has only examined keeping secrets that have negative effects for our lives. Is secrecy inherently bad for our well-being or do the negative effects of secrecy tend to originate from keeping negative secrets?” asked lead researcher of the latest research Michael Slepian, PhD, a professor of business at Columbia University. In the experiment, some participants were asked to reflect on the good news they kept secret, while others reflected on good news that was not secret, and then rated how energized the news made them feel and whether they intended to share the news with someone else. The researchers found that the participants who reflected on their positive secrets reported feeling more energized than the participants who thought about their good news that was not secret. The research nuances our understanding of the science of secrets. Negative secrets tend to deplete us and have also been linked to anxiety and depression. Positive secrets, however, seem to have an energizing effect and make people alive. One factor could be that people often have different motivations for keeping good news to themselves. Those with positive secrets were much more likely to keep quiet for internal reasons, not because they felt any outside pressures. “People sometimes go to great lengths to plan revealing a positive secret to make it all the more exciting. This kind of surprise can be intensely enjoyable, but surprise is the most fleeting of our emotions, ” Slepian said. “Having extra time days, weeks or even longer-to imagine the joyful surprise on another person’s face allows us more time with this exciting moment, even if only in our own minds.” 12. What did Michael Slepian think of the previous research on secrecy? A. One-sided. B. Pointless. C. Convincing. D. Pioneering. 13. In the experiment, some participants were more energized because ______. A. they were optimistic and cheerful. B. they were free from secrets. C. they had undisclosed positive secrets. D. they had shared good news with others. 14. What does the underlined word “deplete” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Spoil. B. Exhaust. C. Confuse. D. Panic. 15. According to the last paragraph, what did Slepian suggest readers do? A. Never reveal a secret casually. B. Let your imagination run wild. C. Be creative when surprising others. D. Delay sharing a positive secret. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了哥伦比亚大学的教授Michael Slepian关于保密的研究，他发现在告诉别人之前把好消息保密可以使人们感到更有活力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Decades of research on secrecy suggest it is bad for our well-being. However, this work has only examined keeping secrets that have negative effects for our lives. Is secrecy inherently bad for our well-being or do the negative effects of secrecy tend to originate from keeping negative secrets?”（几十年来对保密的研究表明，保密对我们的健康有害。然而，这项工作只研究了保守对我们的生活有负面影响的秘密。保密是天生对我们的幸福有害，还是保密的负面影响往往源于保守负面秘密？）可知，Michael Slepian认为以前的研究只关注了保守负面秘密的影响，很片面，忽视了保守积极秘密的影响，故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers found that the participants who reflected on their positive secrets reported feeling more energized than the participants who thought about their good news that was not secret.”（研究人员发现，反思他们积极秘密的参与者比思考他们不是秘密的好消息的参与者感到更有活力。）可知，一些参与者因为他们有未公开的积极秘密而感到更有活力，故选C。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Negative secrets tend to deplete us and have also been linked to anxiety and depression.”（消极的秘密往往会deplete，也与焦虑和抑郁症有关。）可推知，负面的秘密有不利影响，往往会耗尽我们。故deplete在此处意为“耗尽”，故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“People sometimes go to great lengths to plan revealing a positive secret to make it all the more exciting. This kind of surprise can be intensely enjoyable, but surprise is the most fleeting of our emotions”（人们有时会不遗余力地计划透露一个积极的秘密，让它变得更加令人兴奋。这种惊喜可能非常令人愉快，但惊喜是我们情绪中最短暂的。）和“Having extra time days, weeks or even longer-to imagine the joyful surprise on another person’s face allows us more time with this exciting moment, even if only in our own minds.”（有额外的时间——几天，几周甚至更长的时间——想象别人脸上的喜悦惊喜，让我们有更多的时间享受这个激动人心的时刻，即使只是在我们自己的脑海中。）可推知，告诉别人之前把好消息保密可以使人们感到更兴奋，Slepian建议读者延迟分享积极的秘密，故选D。 第二节 （共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Rock climbing has become a mainstream pleasure enjoyed by many. The natural world offers a thrilling adventure through beautiful environments filled with wildlife. However, rock climbing happens in places that are generally hard to access and unsuitable for agricultural expansion and urbanization. As a result, they have generally suffered less human impact and the areas tend to be important sites for biodiversity. ___16___ With the sport booming, the amazing biodiversity sustained by cliff ecosystems is under pressure. ___17___ Giving nesting birds some place is what climbers can do. The presence of climbers at the cliff where birds are nesting tends to cause them to abandon their chicks to starvation. Climbers should check in advance if there are any bird nesting restrictions. This information is usually available on climbing guidebooks. ___18___ If climbers spot a nest, try to leave a note and find a way to communicate this to the rest of the local climbing community. Some cliff- specialist plant species have very narrow ranges. If a suitable habitat is rare, they have few opportunities to grow elsewhere. However, climbers can remove vegetation and soil when establishing a route that has not been climbed before. ___19___ So climbers should keep the impact on vegetation in mind when developing new climbing routes. Even they can work with other route developers and conservationists to understand the potential impact on the plants. The number of climbers heading out to these cliffs is increasing at an astonishing pace. It is essential for climbers to know what they can do for the protection of the cliff ecosystem. ___20___ Please help those with less experience and knowledge by sharing the information about climbing and biodiversity damage! A. This can wipe out the cliff ecosystem that was there previously. B. And some organizations have an online database offered to check. C. Therefore, every climber is responsible for protecting the cliff ecosystem. D. Even climbers can ask the climbing gym to organise a discussion about this topic. E. Seemingly a straightforward way is to spread the word about these good practices. F. These data can then be accessed by scientists to avoid environmental issues on cliffs. G. For example, 40% of sport climbing areas in Spain are found in nature protection areas. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“攀岩运动对悬崖生态系统及生物多样性的影响”这一主题展开，通过阐述攀岩活动对鸟类、植物等生物的影响，以及攀岩者可以采取的保护措施，来提醒和呼吁攀岩者关注并保护悬崖生态系统。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“However, rock climbing happens in places that are generally hard to access and unsuitable for agricultural expansion and urbanization. As a result, they have generally suffered less human impact and the areas tend to be important sites for biodiversity. (然而，攀岩活动通常发生在交通不便、不适合农业扩张和城市化的地方。因此，它们通常受到较少的人类影响，而且这些地区往往是生物多样性的重要地点。)”可知，本空应继续谈论攀岩活动发生的地区。选项G“For example, 40% of sport climbing areas in Spain are found in nature protection areas. (例如，西班牙40%的运动攀岩区位于自然保护区。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据下文的“Giving nesting birds some place is what climbers can do. The presence of climbers at the cliff where birds are nesting tends to cause them to abandon their chicks to starvation. Climbers should check in advance if there are any bird nesting restrictions. This information is usually available on climbing guidebooks. (给筑巢的鸟一些地方是攀登者能做的。在鸟类筑巢的悬崖上，登山者的出现往往会导致它们把雏鸟饿死。攀登者应事先查询有关雀鸟筑巢的限制。这些信息通常可以在登山指南书上找到。)”可知，此处需要一个承上启下的句子；结合选项可知，选项C. Therefore, every climber is responsible for protecting the cliff ecosystem.(因此，每个登山者都有责任保护悬崖生态系统。)引出下文，符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据下文的“If climbers spot a nest, try to leave a note and find a way to communicate this to the rest of the local climbing community. (如果登山者发现了一个巢穴，试着留下一张纸条，并找到一种方法与当地攀岩社区的其他人交流。)”可知，此处指人们为保护悬崖生态系统所做的努力；结合选项可知，选项E“And some organizations have an online database offered to check.(一些组织有一个在线数据库可供查询。)”能引起下文，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文的“Some cliff- specialist plant species have very narrow ranges. If a suitable habitat is rare, they have few opportunities to grow elsewhere. However, climbers can remove vegetation and soil when establishing a route that has not been climbed before. (一些悬崖特有的植物种类分布范围很窄。如果合适的栖息地很少，它们就没有机会在其他地方生长。然而，登山者在建立以前没有攀登过的路线时可以清除植被和土壤。)”可知，这里需要一个说明这种行为对崖生态系统造成坏的结果的选项。选项A“This can wipe out the cliff ecosystem that was there previously. (这可能会摧毁以前存在的悬崖生态系统。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据下文的“Please help those with less experience and knowledge by sharing the information about climbing and biodiversity damage! (请通过分享攀岩和生物多样性破坏的信息来帮助那些经验和知识较少的人！)”可知，前句强调攀岩者需知道如何保护生态系统，选项E.Seemingly a straightforward way is to spread the word about these good practices.（似乎一个直接的方法是传播这些良好实践的信息）提出具体行动，与后文“请帮助经验不足者分享信息”完美呼应。故选E。 第三部分：语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15 小题: 每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Staton, once a Maryland sanitation（公共卫生） worker, was accepted to Harvard Law School. His ___21___ American success story went viral. “Although I get ___22___ for diligence, working hard was the easy part because I could control that,” said Staton. “But I just happened to be around people who cared enough about me.” From early on Staton understood the ___23___ of life. His mother ___24___ the family when he was 8. He and older brother Reggie were raised ___25___ by their dad. The family of three struggled to make ends ___26___ . He saw his family's continual struggle to stay ___27___ , the uphill battle to do better. After high school, Staton quit the admission to a college and worked in a trash company, where his co-workers ___28___ him to do more with his life and go to college. It motivated him. A year later, he found his ___29___ to the University of Maryland. But he knew the effort and sacrifice were not his ____30____ . Reggie dropped out of college to help with the family finances when his father had a stroke, ____31____ Staton to finish college. The ____32____ for a better life for his family was the main reason he applied to law school for the further study. Staton was ____33____ to five of the nine law schools, Harvard included. “When my story went viral, the media presented it as a happy story, something like ‘Garbage Man Applies to Harvard, ____34____ In',” he said. “But I did it to ____35____ my family.” 21. A. odd B. self- made C. original D. self- controlled 22. A. credit B. commitment C. bonus D. inspiration 23. A. value B. abundance C. instability D. poverty 24. A. abandoned B. abused C. sacrificed D. ruined 25. A. pessimistically B. cautiously C. delicately D. solely 26. A. cross B. depart C. hug D. meet 27. A. afloat B. awake C. aboard D. alert 28. A. witnessed B. permitted C. pushed D. assigned 29. A. attitude B. way C. calling D. honor 30. A. respectively B. alone C. literally D. along 31. A. identifying B. accelerating C. guaranteeing D. praying 32. A. profile B. project C. impression D. desire 33. A. distributed B. covered C. offered D. dismissed 34. A. Breaks B. Gets C. Admits D. Comes 35. A. strengthen B. restore C. resolve D. save 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了环卫工人斯塔顿被哈弗大学法学院录取的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在美国靠个人奋斗成功的故事迅速传播开来。A. odd古怪的；B. self- made靠个人奋斗成功的；C. original原先的；D. self- controlled自我控制的。根据上文“Staton, once a Maryland sanitation（公共卫生）worker, was accepted to Harvard Law School.”提到被哈佛大学法学院录取，由此可知，此处应表示他在美国靠个人奋斗成功的故事迅速传播开来。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯塔顿说：“虽然我因勤奋而受到赞扬，但努力工作是容易的部分，因为我可以控制这一点。”A. credit赞扬；B. commitment承诺；C. bonus奖金；D. inspiration灵感。根据句意以及下文“for diligence”由此可知，此处应表示斯塔顿因勤奋而受到赞扬。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从很早的时候，斯塔顿就明白生活的不稳定性。A. value价值；B. abundance丰富；C. instability不稳定性；D. poverty贫穷。根据下文“His mother ___4___ the family when he was 8. He and older brother Reggie were raised ___5___ by their dad.”提到家庭的变化，由此可知，此处应表示斯塔顿很早就明白生活的不稳定性。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他母亲在他8岁时抛弃了这个家。A. abandoned抛弃；B. abused虐待；C. sacrificed牺牲；D. ruined破坏。根据下文“He and older brother Reggie were raised ___5___ by their dad.”由此可知，此处应表示他母亲在他8岁时抛弃了这个家。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他和哥哥雷吉都是由父亲独自抚养长大的。A. pessimistically悲观地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. delicately精致地；D. solely独自地。根据上文提到的母亲在他8岁时抛弃了这个家，以及下文“The family of three struggled to make ends.”由此可知，此处应表示他和哥哥雷吉都是由父亲独自抚养长大的。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个三口之家勉强维持生计。A. cross穿过；B. depart分开；C. hug拥抱；D. meet满足。根据上文提到的他和哥哥雷吉都是由父亲独自抚养长大的，以及“The family of three struggled…”由此可知，此处应表示这个三口之家勉强维持生计。make ends meet“入不敷出，维持生计”为固定搭配。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：他看到他的家人为了维持生计而不断挣扎，为了做得更好而进行的艰苦战斗。A. afloat经济上周转得开的，不欠债的；B. awake醒着的；C. aboard在船上的；D. alert警觉的。根据下文“the uphill battle to do better”由此可知，此处应表示他看到他的家人为了维持生计而不断挣扎。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业后，斯塔顿放弃了大学录取，在一家垃圾处理公司工作，他的同事们敦促他在生活中做更多的事情，去上大学。A. witnessed目睹；B. permitted允许；C. pushed促使；D. assigned分配。根据句意以及下文“…to do more with his life and go to college.”由此可知，此处应表示他的同事们敦促他在生活中做更多的事情，去上大学。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，他进入了马里兰大学。A. attitude态度；B. way路；C. calling呼叫；D. honor荣誉。根据句意以及下文“…to the University of Maryland.”由此可知，此处应表示一年后，他进入了马里兰大学。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但他知道，付出努力和牺牲的不仅仅是他一个人。A. respectively各自地；B. alone独自；C. literally字面上地；D. along向前，一起。根据下文“Reggie dropped out of college to help with the family finances when his father had a stroke,”提到雷吉从大学退学，由此可知，此处应表示他知道，付出努力和牺牲的不仅仅是他一个人。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲中风后，雷吉从大学退学，以帮助家庭经济，保证斯塔顿完成大学学业。A. identifying识别；B. accelerating加速；C. guaranteeing保证；D. praying乞求。根据上文“Reggie dropped out of college to help with the family finances when his father had a stroke”提到父亲中风后，雷吉从大学退学，以帮助家庭经济，由此可知，雷吉的做法是为了保证斯塔顿完成大学学业。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为家人过上更好的生活是他申请法学院深造的主要原因。A. profile外形，轮廓；B. project项目；C. impression印象；D. desire愿望。根据下文“…for a better life for his family was the main reason he applied to law school for the further study”由此可知，此处应表示为家人过上更好的生活是他申请法学院深造的主要原因。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：9所法学院中有5所录取了斯塔顿，包括哈佛大学。A. distributed分布；B. covered覆盖；C. offered录取，提供；D. dismissed解雇。根据下文“…to five of the nine law schools, Harvard included”由此可知，此处应表示9所法学院中有5所录取了斯塔顿。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析辨析。句意：他说：“当我的故事在网上疯传时，媒体把它描绘成一个快乐的故事，就像‘垃圾工申请哈佛，进来了’。”A. Breaks in闯入，打断；B. Gets in到达；C. Admits in承认；D. Comes in进来。根据上文提到的9所法学院中有5所录取了斯塔顿，包括哈佛大学，由此可知，此处应表示媒体把它描绘成一个快乐的故事，就像‘垃圾工申请哈佛，进来了’。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我这样做是为了巩固我的家庭。A. strengthen加强，巩固；B. restore恢复；C. resolve解决；D. save节省。根据上文提到的为家人过上更好的生活是他申请法学院深造的主要原因。由此可知，此处应表示斯塔顿这样做是为了巩固他的家庭。故选A项。 第二节 （共10小题: 每小题1.5分，满分15分） Text1: 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It looks like she has just flowed____36____out of the sky and is standing on a ship. Her head and arms are missing, but you can imagine her ____37____(hold) her arms up high, celebrating the result of ____38____ ancient battle. And just look at how her dress is being folded by the wind! I really can’t believe she’s made ____39____ stone. 【答案】36. down 37. holding 38. an 39. of 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是一个缺失头部和双臂的女神雕像。 【36题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她看起来就像从天而降，站在一艘船上。设空处与空前flowed构成固定短语，表示“流下”用动词短语flow down。故填down。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的头部和手臂不见了，但你可以想象她曾经高高地举起手臂，庆祝一场古代战争的成果。句中imagine one's doing sth为固定短语，意为“想象某人做某事”，此处动名词的复合结构“形容词性物主代词+动名词”作宾语，故填holding。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。句中battle为可数名词，此处表示泛指，同时其前面修饰词ancient发音为元音音素开头。故填an。 【39题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我真不敢相信她是石头做的。句中be made of意为“由……制成（能看出来原材料）”，此处指该雕像是由石头制成的。故填of。 Text2: 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With just 700 metres ____40____ (go), Alistair saw Jonny about to fall. He ran towards his brother, ____41____ (catch) him and started pulling him towards the finish line. After the race, he just wanted to see his younger brother, ____42____ had been rushed to the medical area. The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons ____43____ they were children. ____44____ (watch) by millions, the ending to the race has divided opinions. 【答案】40. to go 41. caught 42. who 43. since 44. Watched 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。阿里斯泰尔在铁人三项赛接近终点时看到弟弟乔尼即将摔倒，他冲向弟弟抓住他并拉向终点。赛后，他只想看到被送往医疗区的弟弟。这场比赛的结尾在数百万观众的注视下引起了不同意见。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：还有700米就要到达终点了，阿里斯泰尔看到乔尼即将摔倒。此处为with的复合结构，应用动词不定式作宾补表示将要发生的动作。故填to go。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他朝乔尼跑去，抓住他并开始把他拉向终点线。此处ran、started与设空处为并列谓语，根据空前动词ran和started可知，本空应用一般过去时。故填caught。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：比赛结束后，他只想看看被紧急送往医疗区的弟弟。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代先行词his younger brother，为人。故填who。 【43题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：布朗利兄弟从小就开始参加三项全能运动。根据句意，此处表示“自从”用since，其引导的是时间状语从句。故填since。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在数百万人的注视下，这场竞选的结局众说纷纭。句中has divided为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处the ending与watch之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。同时，该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Watched。 Text3: 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We started from Vancouver, ____45____ we picked up our vehicle for the trip-a home on wheels. We got lost a few times even with the help of GPS, but eventually we managed ____46____ (cross) the Rocky Mountains. The views were fantastic, though. There were forests, mountains with snowy tops and ____47____ (mass) of ice. It’s like another world. On the eighth day, I’d fallen asleep ____48____ I heard Dad’s phone rang. He was driving, so I answered it. Guess who it was? Mum! It was then ____49____ I realised her seat was empty. On another day, Mum was using Dad’s phone to take photos of the colourful little houses along the coast when we saw something amazing-a killer whale! Mum was ____50____ excited that she dropped the phone into the sea. 【答案】45. where 46. to cross 47. masses 48. when 49. that 50. so 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一家人在旅途中经历的各种趣事，包括在使用GPS导航时迷路，欣赏美丽的雪山和冰川景色，以及妈妈在拍照时兴奋过度不小心将手机掉入大海。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我们从温哥华出发，在那儿我们拿到了这次旅行的交通工具——一辆房车。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词Vancouver。故填where。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：有好几次即使用了GPS，我们还是迷路了，但最终我们成功穿越了落基山脉。句中manage to do sth为固定短语，意为“设法做成某事”。骨头案to cross。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们看到了森林，看到了白雪皑皑的山脉以及大片的冰原。表示“大片的，大量的”用masses of。故填masses。 【48题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：第八天，我刚睡着，这时突然听到爸爸的电话响了。本句为“sb had done sth when”句型，翻译为：某人做某事，这时（突然），when为并列连词。故填when。 【49题详解】 考查强调句。句意：就在那时，我意识到她座位是空的。设空处与前文的it was构成强调句结构即it was+强调的部分+that，句中是对then进行强调。故填that。 【50题详解】 考查结果状语从句。句意：妈妈如此兴奋以至于她把电话掉进了海里。句中构成so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。故填so。 第四部分 词汇基础与翻译（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 单词拼写 （共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分） 根据首字母和中文提示，写出正确的单词； 每空一词。在答题卡上作答时，请写出完整单词。 51. P________ (坚持不懈) is failing nineteen times and succeeding the twentieth. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】Perseverance##erseverance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：坚持不懈就是失败了十九次，第二十次成功了。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母P开头且表示“坚持不懈”含义的表达为Perseverance。该词为不可数名词，故填 Perseverance。 52. Young people are very s________ （敏感的） about their appearance. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】sensitive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：年轻人对于自己的外表都非常敏感。分析句子可知，空处作表语，结合所给首字母和汉语意思推知，应用形容词sensitive表示“敏感的”。故填sensitive。 53. After receiving the c________（证实）email, I felt relieved that my order had been processed. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】confirmation##onfirmation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：收到确认邮件后，我的订单得到了处理，我感到很欣慰。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词confirmation“证实，确认”，满足句意要求。故填confirmation。 54. Animals in the zoo have lost the a________ （能力） to catch food for themselves. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】ability##bility 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：动物园里的动物已经失去了自己捕食的能力。根据首字母和汉语提示“能力”可知，此处应填名词ability，作宾语，故填ability。 55. As witnesses to the accident, we were asked to make written d________ (声明) what we had seen. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】declarations##eclarations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为事故的目击者，我们被要求书面陈述我们所看到的情况。根据中英文提示可知应用名词declaration，前文没有冠词数量大于一应用复数形式。故填declarations。 56. I found myself in an e________ (彻底地) new world the moment I arrived in China. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】entirely##ntirely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我一到中国就发现自己进入了一个全新的世界。本空用副词entirely“彻底地”，修饰形容词new，作状语。故填entirely。 57. Please write and tell me the p________(手续) of applying for a visa. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】procedures 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：请写信告诉我申请签证的程序。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词procedure“手续”,不止一条操作步骤，应用名词复数。故填procedures。 58. The painter is planning an e________ （展览） of her works for the early spring. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】exhibition##xhibition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位画家计划在早春举办她的作品展览。根据汉语提示以及句子结构可知，此处应填入名词exhibition，作宾语，冠词an提示用其单数形式。故填exhibition。 59. The aim of the course is to help students to comprehend the structure of c________（当代）political and social systems. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】contemporary##ontemporary 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：本课程的目的是帮助学生理解当代政治和社会制度的结构。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词contemporary“当代的”作定语修饰system，满足句意要求。故填contemporary。 60. The m________ （华丽） of the building is beyond expression. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】magnificence##agnificence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这一建筑的华丽难以言表。分析句子可知，空处符合the...of的结构，需要名词，结合所给汉语意思和首字母，应用magnificence表示“华丽，宏伟”作主语。故填magnificence。 61. Three a________ (尝试) on the school 200- metre record also ended in failure. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】attempts##ttempts 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：三次试图打破学校的200米纪录也以失败告终。根据中英文提示可知应用名词attempt，作主语，根据上文three可知用复数。故填attempts。 62. The government has issued clear g________ （指导方针） on the content of religious education. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】guidelines 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府已经就宗教教育的内容发布了明确的指导方针。空处作has issued的宾语，需要名词，结合所给的汉语意思和首字母，应用guideline表示“指导方针”，可数名词，用复数形式表泛指。故填guidelines。 63. She was a d________ （杰出的） oceanographer, and a gifted painter into the bargain. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】distinguished##istinguished 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一位杰出的海洋学家，同时也是一位有天赋的画家。根据中英文提示及句意，空格处应填形容词distinguished，意为“杰出的”，作定语。故填distinguished。 64. He didn't feel compretely at ease in the strange s________(环境). (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】surroundings##urroundings 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在这个陌生的环境中，他没有感到完全的自在。根据中文提示“环境”以及首字母“s”，可确定此处应填入名词surroundings，表示“周围的环境”。故填surroundings。 65. She found a company to s________ （资助） her through college. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】sponsor##ponsor 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：她找到了一家公司资助她完成大学学业。根据汉语提示及首字母提示可知，此处应填动词sponsor，表示“资助”。结合空前to可知空处应为动词原形，故填sponsor。 66. The frequent o________ （发生） of heart disease in the remote village has been puzzling scientists. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】occurrence##ccurrence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：心脏病在这个偏远村庄的频繁发生一直困扰着科学家。根据句子结构，空格处需要一个名词来作为“frequent”的修饰对象。“发生”是“occurrence”，抽象概念，不可数。故填occurrence。 67. Today’s a________ (公布) of a peace agreement came after weeks of discussion. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】announcement##nnouncement 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过数周的讨论，今天宣布了和平协议。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词announcement“公布”，满足句意要求。故填announcement。 68. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can aim at victims p________(精确地). (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】precisely##recisely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：利用新技术，骗子可以精确地瞄准受害者。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处副词precisely“精确地”作状语，满足句意要求。故填precisely。 69. Our country has s________ (充足) of natural resources. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】sufficiency##ufficiency 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我国有充足的自然资源。根据汉语提示和首字母s以及空格后的of可知，空格处应该用名词sufficiency，构成短语sufficiency of“充足的”。故填sufficiency 。 70. There is a s________ (缺乏) of well qualified teachers of foreign languages, especially of French. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】shortage##hortage 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：合格的外语教师，尤其是法语教师短缺。设空处使用名词作主语。表示“缺乏，短缺”用shortage。故填shortage。 第二节：翻译下列句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 71. 太阳从东边升起，西边落下。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、动词和介词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，表示“太阳”为名词The sun；表示“升起”为动词rise；表示“落下”为动词sets；表示“在东边”应为介词短语in the east；表示“在西边”应为介词短语in the west；结合句意可知，该句为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 72. 我们应该保持地球健康。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should keep the earth healthy. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和形容词。根据句意以及句子结构可知，应改为“should”；表示“保持某物怎样”应为动词短语keep sth adj；表示“地球”为名词earth；表示“健康”为形容词healthy作宾语补足语。故翻译为：We should keep the earth healthy. 73. 那些花看起来又新鲜又好看。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Those flowers look fresh and beautiful. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词和时态。句子描述的是现在的状态，时态用一般现在时。中文句子中的“那些花”翻译为The flowers，在句中作主语；“看起来”翻译为look，在句中作谓语；“又新鲜又好看”翻译为fresh and beautiful，作表语。故译为The flowers look fresh and beautiful。 74. 植物需要水和阳光。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Plants need water and sunlight. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“植物”用plants，表示“需要”用need，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“水和阳光”用water and sunlight，句子结构为主谓宾。故翻译为Plants need water and sunlight. 75. 昨天，我给我儿子买了一盒马克笔（Mark pen）。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Yesterday, I bought a box of Mark pens for my son. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词，时态和名词词组。根据所给中文句子，“昨天”作时间状语，译为“yesterday”，“我”作主语，译为“I”，“买了”作谓语，根据时间状语可知，句子时态用一般过去时，译为“bought”，“一盒马克笔”作宾语，根据题干提示，译为“a box of Mark pens”，“给我儿子”译为“for my son”。故译为：Yesterday, I bought a box of Mark pens for my son. 第五部分 书面表达 （满分20分） 76. 请你以“My Summer Story”为题，写一篇日记。日记内容包括： （1） 时间、地点、人物； （2） 具体活动； （3） 你的感受。 注意： （1） 词数100左右； （2） 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； My Summer Story Sunday, August 4th, Sunny ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 My Summer Story Sunday, August 4th, Sunny This summer, I had an unforgettable experience. I went to the beach with my family. We spent the whole day there. In the morning, we played beach volleyball and built sandcastles. It was so much fun. In the afternoon, we went swimming in the sea. The water was cool and refreshing. After that, we had a picnic on the beach. We ate delicious food and enjoyed the beautiful scenery. In the evening, we watched the sunset. It was so beautiful that I took a lot of photos. I felt very happy and relaxed. This summer story will always be in my memory. I hope I can have more wonderful experiences in the future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“My Summer Story”为题，写一篇日记。 【详解】1.词汇积累 难忘的：unforgettable→memorable 欣赏：enjoy→admire/appreciate 高兴：happy→delighted 美味的：delicious→tasty 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：In the morning, we played beach volleyball and built sandcastles. It was so much fun. 拓展句：In the morning, we played beach volleyball and built sandcastles, which was so much fun. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was so beautiful that I took a lot of photos. (运用了结果状语从句) [高分句型2] I hope I can have more wonderful experiences in the future. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 听力1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $