精品解析：江苏省启东中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期初调研英语试题

江苏省启东中学2024~2025学年度第一学期期初反馈检测 高二英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman need to buy? A. A box. B. A desk. C. ATV. 2. What is the woman looking for? A. Her hat. B. Her coat. C. Her gloves 3 Where is the man going probably? A. To a hotel bar. B. To his room. C. To a restaurant 4. Who is Dave? A. The man’s brother. B. The man’s classmate. C. A friend of the man’s brother. 5. What are the speakers doing? A. Studying a book B. Reading a letter. C. Collecting money 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What was the woman’s first job? A. secretary. B. A manager C. A cleaner. 7. How long did the woman work at Teknik Ltd? A. For three years. B. For. four years. C. For seven years. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a school. B. At a cinema. C. At Lily’s house. 9. What movie award show does the woman invite the man to watch? A. The Hundred Flowers Awards. B. The Cannes Film Festival. C. The Golden Rooster Awards 10. What docs the woman like about movie award shows? A. The actors. B. The dresses. C. The stage. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What docs Martha think of the beach? A. It is boring. B. It is exciting. C. It is dangerous. 12. Which place does the man suggest for the trip? A. A museum. B. A lake. C. A gallery. 13. Why does the woman want to go to the mountain? A. It is nearby. B. She has never been there. C. Children could get enough exercise. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What exam is the woman worried about? A. Chemistry. B. Maths C. History. 15. What skill docs the man need to improve? A. Studying for exams. B. Finishing projects. C. Reciting essays. 16. How much of the speakers’ grade depends on their examination results? A. 60%. B. 30%. C. 10%. 17. What will the man do to help the woman? A. Lend her a useful book. B. Help her study for her exam. C. Shares tips with her on social media. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the main topic of the talk? A. The ways to fight coronavirus B. The knowledge of coronavirus vaccination C. A personal experience of catching coronavirus. 19. What did the doctor advise the speaker to do? A. Stay at home. B. Visit another doctor. C. Order medicine online. 20. Why did the speaker feel thankful? A. She had good friends to help her. B. She had had vaccination before. C. She could be treated in hospital. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Post of Executive Director of the AEC Committee Asia Economic Cooperation (AEC), with 21 Member Economies, is a unique cooperative economic forum that has been successful in promoting regional economic growth through trade and investment liberalization, and capacity building since its foundation in 1989. It has achieved this through open dialogue, trust building and voluntary commitments. The AEC Committee, based in Singapore, fulfils an important role is supporting the AEC process, including policy, technical and communications services to an extensive range of shareholders. AEC is looking for a dynamic Executive Director for a 3-year term (with the option for a 1-3year extension) to lead the Committee from January 2025. The successful candidate should be from an AEC Member Economy and must possess strong leadership qualities, public sector experience, senior management experience, and organizational development experience, high political sensitivity and multilateral work experience, preferably in trade or economic related areas. The candidate should also have managed multi-cultural work environment. The candidate must indicate how their experience and qualifications match those required. Extensive travel is expected. More information on AEC can be found at our website www. aec. org. Applications should reach us no later than 15 July 2024 via e-mail hr-recruit@aec. org or mailed to the Human Resource Director, AEC Committee, 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Singapore119616. Your application must indicate how your experience and qualifications match those required. Only shortlisted candidates will be notified. 1. What do we know about the The AEC Committee? A. It is based in Singapore. B. It leads the AEC process. C. It deals with political issues. D. It has 21 Member Economies. 2. What is required of a qualified candidate? A. Strong political background. B. High-level leadership expertise. C. Advanced multi-linguistic skills. D. Sharp environmental awareness. 3. In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A. Cover Story. B. News Updates. C. Career Opportunities. D. Volunteering Information. B Amy was a dear little girl, but she often tended to waste time in getting ready to do her tasks, instead of doing them at once as she ought to. In the village in which she lived, Mr. Thornton kept a store where he sold fruit of all kinds, including berries in their season. One day he said to Amy, whose parents were quite poor, “Would you like to earn some money? ” “Oh, yes,” replied she, “for I want some new shoes, and papa has no money to buy them with. ” “Well, Amy,” said Mr. Thornton, “I noticed some fine, ripe blackberries in Mr. Green’s field today, and he said that anybody was welcome to them. I will pay you thirteen cents a quart (度量单位) for all you will pick for me” Amy was delighted at the thought of earning some money; so she ran home to get a basket, intending to go immediately to pick the berries. Then she thought she would like to know how much money she would get if she picked five quarts. With the help of her slate (书写板) and pencil, she found out that she would get sixty-five cents. “But supposing I should pick a dozen quarts,” thought she, “how much should I earn then?” “Dear me!” she said, after figuring a while, “I should earn a dollar and fifty-six cents.” Amy then found out what Mr. Thornton would pay her for fifty, a hundred, and two hundred quarts. It took her some time to do this, and then it was so near dinner time that she had to stay at home until afternoon. As soon as dinner was over, she took her basket and hurried to the field. Some boys had been there before dinner, and all the ripe berries were picked. She could not find enough to fill a quart measure. 4. Why did Mr. Thornton invite Amy to pick berries? A. To help her buy new shoes. B. To help her make some money. C. To help her get rid of bad habits. D. To help her enter the fruit business. 5. What should Amy do if she wanted to earn the money? A. Calculate how much she earned. B. Make use of her slate and pencil. C. Ask for permission from her parents. D. Get a basket and pick berries quickly. 6. Which of the following words can best describe the character of Amy? A. Considerate and smart. B. Reasonable and realistic. C. Idealistic and impractical. D. Unselfish and independent. 7. Which one can be the best title of the story? A. Lost Blackberries. B. A Girl Picking Berries. C. How Much Amy Can Earn. D. The Money Amy Didn’t Earn. C In an attempt to explore unknown environments, a Chinese team created an octopus (章鱼) — inspired flexible robotic arm capable of sensing and controlling objects in limited spaces and underwater. According to the study published in the latest edition of Science Robotics, the robot allowed blindfolded human operators to guide its arm, using suckers (吸盘) to pick up various objects, including a toy shark and a smooth metal ball, via a single-finger glove. This new invention created by a team of researchers, led by Wen Li from Beihang University was inspired by the octopus, which moves its soft arms to catch its games with sensitive suckers. A simple strategy like this can be used as a model for robotic grasping, controllable with a few inputs, as well as a highly deformable arm with sensing capabilities. Wen’s team fixed electronics and circuits into the robots while maintaining their deformability. The researchers presented a stretchable electronics-integrated soft octopus arm with 16 air-driven devices and multiple degrees of freedom. The robot's stretchable liquid-metal-based electronic circuit can stand super stretching force to perform tasks autonomously in a limited environment, findings from the study showed. The soft arm with two rows of sensory sucking cups that connect with the wearer's finger can perform a reaching-grasping-returning motion across a range of up to 1.5 times its original arm length, similar to the biological counterpart (对应方), the study revealed. “This robotic model provides new prospects and development ideas for the future interactive applications of flexible robots, including medical robots, seabed exploration robots, and so on” said the expert. 8. What inspired the invention of the robotic arm according to the passage? A. The limited spaces underwater. B. The special biological structure of the octopus. C. The desire to explore the living environment of octopus. D. The team work of the researchers from Beihang University. 9. What's the meaning of the underlined word “deformable” in paragraph 4? A. Powerful. B. Changeable. C. Steady. D. Active. 10. Which device is integrated into the robot? A. Plastic circuits. B. Suckers of octopuses. C. Electronic sensors. D. Arms of octopuses. 11. What do the experts imply in the last paragraph? A. Octopus is a very magic underwater creature. B. Creativity plays a very important part in science. C. The unknown world offers possibility for innovation. D. One invention can bring about a chain reaction of breakthroughs. D Some songs might speak to your soul even if you don't know the words. The almost magical way that music reflects and influences our emotions led American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow to declare it the “universal language of mankind”. But how universal is it really? A team of more than a dozen researchers and countless undergraduates set out to collect and interpret descriptions and recordings of musical performances around the world. Their first finding: Music is indeed universal. Or at least statistical modeling strongly suggests that more than 99% of societies have music. Then, they analyzed the song descriptions for sixty very different societies and looked at different qualities related to song performance. As they classified the songs, they found that three dimensions (方面) accounted for more than a quarter of the variability between songs. The first was how formal or informal a song was. Songs high in formality had large audiences and lots of instruments, often involved ceremonial events, and frequently had adult-only audiences. Informal events had smaller audiences, including children, or no audience at all. The second was how arousing a song was to its listeners. Lively events involving lots of dancing were high on this dimension, while a low value reflected a calmer event, like someone singing to themselves or a baby. The last was how religious song was. Songs used in ceremonies were high in religiosity, while those without a spiritual context scored low. The researchers applied their findings to four widespread categories of music: lullabies (摇篮), dance songs, love songs and healing songs, and found clear trend. Most dance was highly arousing and formal, but low in religiosity. Lullabies were mostly low in formality and low in arousal. And healing songs scored high in all dimensions while love songs were low in all dimensions. Even more interesting, the distribution of these behaviors was similar in all societies studied. Scholars say that their database could fuel future research into even more inspiring questions about music universals. And their method might be used to pick out patterns in other hard-to-analyze fields, like storytelling or visual art. 12. How was the research conducted? A. By making comparison and contrast. B. By finding similarities. C. By collecting and analyzing data. D. By illustrating examples. 13. Which kind of music may involve the most audiences and instruments? A. Lullabies. B. Dance songs. C. Love songs. D. Healing songs. 14. How is the future of their research findings according to the scholars? A. Promising. B. Unpredictable. C. Impractical. D. Limited. 15. What can be concluded from the passage? A Songs can speak to your soul only if you know their words. B. Differences in formality lead to the variability between songs. C. Music is classified by the number of audience and instruments. D. Research on the universals of music can help explore other fields. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is likely to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. ___16___ Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening eatery at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example. ___17___ Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behaviour.” It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep. ___18___ In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. ___19___ Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision. ___20___ Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called “information cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically appraising the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviours. A. But is this true? B. It is therefore an easy option. C. After all, there’s “safety in numbers”. D. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. E This could have resulted in a snow-balling effect. F. Herd behaviours, while easy to explain, hold significant dangers. G The number of diners is unlikely to indicate the quality of the meal. 第三部分语 言运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）习题改编 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At 33, I did something brave, or some would say stupid. I ___21___ Congress (国会). For years, I had existed safely ___22___ the scenes in politics as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The polls (投票), however, told a very ___23___ story. I only got 19 percent of the vote. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didn’t worry about being ___24___. In 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code. We immediately see our girls’ ___25___ of not being perfect. When the girls are first learning how to code, she’ll say, “I don’t know what ___26___ to write.” and shows a ___27___ text editor. But if the teacher presses undo a few times, she’ll see her student wrote code and then ___28___ it. Instead of showing the ___29___ that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all. Some people worry about our budget deficit (赤字), but I worry about our ____30____ deficit. Most girls are raised to ____31____ risk and failure. This is ____32____ women are underrepresented in STEM, in Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with ____33____, and we’ve got to do it now. We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers, when it has the most potential to ____34____ their lives, and we have to show them that they will be loved and ____35____ not for being perfect but for being courageous. 21. A. ran for B. lied to C. voted against D. traded with 22. A. on B. off C. inside D. behind 23. A. classic B. simple C. different D. complex 24. A. risky B. perfect C. stupid D. beautiful 25. A. fear B. effort C. trouble D. struggle 26. A. code B. answer C. deficit D. character 27. A. random B. blank C. marked D. broken 28. A. used B. saved C. cracked D. deleted 29. A. mess B. success C. progress D. difference 30. A. honesty B. bravery C. generosity D. determination 31. A. face B. avoid C. admit D. expect 32. A. why B. how C. when D. where 33. A. doubt B. danger C. uncertainty D. imperfection 34. A. earn B. risk C. impact D. enjoy 35. A. inspired B. accepted C. tolerated D. protected 第四部分 名词性从句（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（讲义习题改编） 36. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests. (用适当的词填空) 37. We cannot figure out ______ quite a number of birds and animals are dying out. (用适当的词填空) 38. The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park. (用适当的词填空) 39. Our success depends on ______ well we can get on with one another. (用适当的词填空) 40. Most of the students are sure ______ they can get a good job with higher pay. (用适当的词填空) 41. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a grass-land ten years ago. (用适当的词填空) 42. ______ China is a developing country is known to all. (用适当的词填空) 43. ______ we’ll go camping next week depends on the weather. (用适当的词填空) 44. Energy is ________ makes things work. （用适当的词填空） 45. ________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. (用适当的词填空) 46. The question came up at the meeting ________we had enough money for our research. (用适当的词填空) 47. The reason I plan to go is _____ she will be disappointed if I don’t.（用适当的单词填空） 48. I don’t doubt ______ he’ll come. (用适当的词填空) 49. If you know ______ it was that wrote A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand. (用适当的词填空) 50. Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building, and that's ________ I don' 't agree. (用适当的词填空) 第五部分 暑假作业单句填空（暑期作业改编） 请根据提示，用正确的单词形式填空。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 51. Now employers will give a _________（prefer）to the students who have graduated from universities in Project 985 and 211.（用所给单词适当形式填空） 52. The most likely ________ (explain) is that his plane was delayed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. In 1993 he ______ (permit) to leave for Miami. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. The new ______ (deliver) service has taken off in a big way. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect ________ (combine) is always enough to lift my spirts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. The war showed the ______ (destroy) side of human nature. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. Not only were his skills ______ (impress), but also his performance was very excellent in the last season. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, ______ (fog) climate in which they were invented. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. We heard both sides of the ______ (argue). (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. All non-violent religious and political ______ (belief) should be respected equally. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. It can be __________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. He devotes his time to the ______ (acquire) of knowledge. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. Her unusual talent gained her worldwide _____________ (recognize). (所给词的适当形式填空) 64. Those who fight against the truth are fighting a ______ (lose) battle. (所给词的适当形式填空) 65. Not all snakes are ______ (poison). (所给词的适当形式填空) 第六部分 课本单词单句填空（原创） 请根据提示，用正确的单词形式填空。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 66. The injured were rushed to the hospital in an ______ (救护车). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 67. She erupted into tears, ______ (发泄；释放) all her pent-up emotions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 68. She almost ______ (窒息) to death after breathing in smoke(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 69. Her version in the recent interview ______ (与……相矛盾) her daughter’s. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 70. The engines shut off ___________________ (自动地) in an emergency.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 71. The concert will ______ (播送) live tomorrow evening. (根据汉语提示填空) 72. Fresh flowers will ______ (bright) up any room in the house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 73. That was absolutely a ______ (memory) occasion in my life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 74. If it’s a legal matter you need to seek ________ (profession) advice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 75. He was seized by ______ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空) 第七部分 读后续写句库默写（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）（原创） 76. “Amazing!” she ______ ______ ______ at the scene. 看到这情景，她高兴地惊叹了起来。 77. Then I ______ ______ (蹑手蹑脚地下楼) and ______ (检查) the tags attached to each of the packages. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 78. “Please don’t tell my dad about this”, he said, ______ ______ ______. (羞愧得脸红了。) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 79. I stood there ______ ______ ______. (尴尬地沉默着) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 80. It suddenly ______ ______ me (我突然明白) ______ I didn’t need these things to be happy. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省启东中学2024~2025学年度第一学期期初反馈检测 高二英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman need to buy? A. A box. B. A desk. C. ATV. 2. What is the woman looking for? A. Her hat. B. Her coat. C. Her gloves 3. Where is the man going probably? A. To a hotel bar. B. To his room. C. To a restaurant 4. Who is Dave? A. The man’s brother. B. The man’s classmate. C. A friend of the man’s brother. 5. What are the speakers doing? A. Studying a book B. Reading a letter. C. Collecting money 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What was the woman’s first job? A. secretary. B. A manager C. A cleaner. 7. How long did the woman work at Teknik Ltd? A. For three years. B. For. four years. C. For seven years. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a school. B. At a cinema. C. At Lily’s house. 9. What movie award show does the woman invite the man to watch? A. The Hundred Flowers Awards. B. The Cannes Film Festival. C. The Golden Rooster Awards 10. What docs the woman like about movie award shows? A. The actors. B. The dresses. C. The stage. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What docs Martha think of the beach? A. It is boring. B. It is exciting. C. It is dangerous. 12. Which place does the man suggest for the trip? A. A museum. B. A lake. C. A gallery. 13. Why does the woman want to go to the mountain? A. It is nearby. B. She has never been there. C. Children could get enough exercise. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What exam is the woman worried about? A. Chemistry. B. Maths C. History. 15. What skill docs the man need to improve? A. Studying for exams. B. Finishing projects. C. Reciting essays. 16. How much of the speakers’ grade depends on their examination results? A. 60%. B. 30%. C. 10%. 17. What will the man do to help the woman? A. Lend her a useful book. B. Help her study for her exam. C. Shares tips with her on social media. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the main topic of the talk? A. The ways to fight coronavirus B. The knowledge of coronavirus vaccination C. A personal experience of catching coronavirus. 19. What did the doctor advise the speaker to do? A. Stay at home. B. Visit another doctor. C. Order medicine online. 20. Why did the speaker feel thankful? A She had good friends to help her. B. She had had vaccination before. C. She could be treated in hospital. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Post of Executive Director of the AEC Committee Asia Economic Cooperation (AEC), with 21 Member Economies, is a unique cooperative economic forum that has been successful in promoting regional economic growth through trade and investment liberalization, and capacity building since its foundation in 1989. It has achieved this through open dialogue, trust building and voluntary commitments. The AEC Committee, based in Singapore, fulfils an important role is supporting the AEC process, including policy, technical and communications services to an extensive range of shareholders. AEC is looking for a dynamic Executive Director for a 3-year term (with the option for a 1-3year extension) to lead the Committee from January 2025. The successful candidate should be from an AEC Member Economy and must possess strong leadership qualities, public sector experience, senior management experience, and organizational development experience, high political sensitivity and multilateral work experience, preferably in trade or economic related areas. The candidate should also have managed multi-cultural work environment. The candidate must indicate how their experience and qualifications match those required. Extensive travel is expected. More information on AEC can be found at our website www. aec. org. Applications should reach us no later than 15 July 2024 via e-mail hr-recruit@aec. org or mailed to the Human Resource Director, AEC Committee, 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Singapore119616. Your application must indicate how your experience and qualifications match those required. Only shortlisted candidates will be notified. 1. What do we know about the The AEC Committee? A. It is based in Singapore. B. It leads the AEC process. C. It deals with political issues. D. It has 21 Member Economies. 2. What is required of a qualified candidate? A. Strong political background. B. High-level leadership expertise. C. Advanced multi-linguistic skills. D. Sharp environmental awareness. 3. In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A. Cover Story. B. News Updates. C. Career Opportunities. D. Volunteering Information. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是亚洲经济合作委员会（AEC）发布的一则招聘启事，寻找一位具有强大领导力、公共部门经验、高级管理经验、组织发展经验、高度政治敏感性和多边工作经验的执行董事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The AEC Committee, based in Singapore, fulfils an important role is supporting the AEC process, including policy, technical and communications services to an extensive range of shareholders.(总部设在新加坡的AEC委员会在支持AEC进程方面发挥着重要作用，包括向广泛的股东提供政策、技术和沟通服务。)”可知，AEC 委员会总部位于新加坡，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The successful candidate should be from an AEC Member Economy and must possess strong leadership qualities, public sector experience, senior management experience, and organizational development experience, high political sensitivity and multilateral work experience, preferably in trade or economic related areas.(成功的候选人必须来自AEC成员经济体，必须具有很强的领导才能，公共部门经验，高级管理经验，组织发展经验，高度的政治敏感性和多边工作经验，最好是在贸易或经济相关领域。)”可知，合格的候选人需要具有高水平的领导才能，故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Post of Executive Director of the AEC Committee(AEC委员会执行主任一职)”以及文章内容可知，本文是一篇招聘广告，所以它可能出现在杂志的“职业机会”栏目中，故选C。 B Amy was a dear little girl, but she often tended to waste time in getting ready to do her tasks, instead of doing them at once as she ought to. In the village in which she lived, Mr. Thornton kept a store where he sold fruit of all kinds, including berries in their season. One day he said to Amy, whose parents were quite poor, “Would you like to earn some money? ” “Oh, yes,” replied she, “for I want some new shoes, and papa has no money to buy them with. ” “Well, Amy,” said Mr. Thornton, “I noticed some fine, ripe blackberries in Mr. Green’s field today, and he said that anybody was welcome to them. I will pay you thirteen cents a quart (度量单位) for all you will pick for me” Amy was delighted at the thought of earning some money; so she ran home to get a basket, intending to go immediately to pick the berries. Then she thought she would like to know how much money she would get if she picked five quarts. With the help of her slate (书写板) and pencil, she found out that she would get sixty-five cents. “But supposing I should pick a dozen quarts,” thought she, “how much should I earn then?” “Dear me!” she said, after figuring a while, “I should earn a dollar and fifty-six cents.” Amy then found out what Mr. Thornton would pay her for fifty, a hundred, and two hundred quarts. It took her some time to do this, and then it was so near dinner time that she had to stay at home until afternoon. As soon as dinner was over, she took her basket and hurried to the field. Some boys had been there before dinner, and all the ripe berries were picked. She could not find enough to fill a quart measure. 4. Why did Mr. Thornton invite Amy to pick berries? A. To help her buy new shoes. B. To help her make some money. C. To help her get rid of bad habits. D. To help her enter the fruit business. 5. What should Amy do if she wanted to earn the money? A. Calculate how much she earned. B. Make use of her slate and pencil. C. Ask for permission from her parents. D. Get a basket and pick berries quickly. 6. Which of the following words can best describe the character of Amy? A. Considerate and smart. B. Reasonable and realistic. C. Idealistic and impractical. D. Unselfish and independent. 7. Which one can be the best title of the story? A. Lost Blackberries. B. A Girl Picking Berries. C. How Much Amy Can Earn. D. The Money Amy Didn’t Earn. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个叫Amy的小女孩，总是光想事不做事。一天，Mr. Thornton叫她去农场摘黑莓，告诉她这是一个挣钱的好机会，可是Amy迟迟不去，一直在算她能挣多少钱，最后等她到了农场发现，黑莓都被摘光了。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In the village in which she lived, Mr. Thornton kept a store where he sold fruit of all kinds, including berries in their season. One day he said to Amy, whose parents were quite poor, “Would you like to earn some money? ”(在她居住的村子里，桑顿先生开了一家商店，出售各种水果，包括当季的浆果。有一天，他对父母很穷的艾米说：“你想赚点钱吗？”)”可知，桑顿先生让艾米去摘浆果是为了让她赚点钱。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段““Well, Amy,” said Mr. Thornton, “I noticed some fine, ripe blackberries in Mr. Green’s field today, and he said that anybody was welcome to them. I will pay you thirteen cents a quart (度量单位) for all you will pick for me”(“嗯，艾米，”桑顿先生说，“我今天在格林先生的田里看到了一些又好又熟的黑莓，他说任何人都可以采摘。你帮我采摘一夸脱，我会付给你十三美分。”)”可知，如果艾米想赚钱，她应该拿一个篮子，快速采摘浆果。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Amy was a dear little girl, but she often tended to waste time in getting ready to do her tasks, instead of doing them at once as she ought to.(艾米是一个可爱的小女孩，但她往往会浪费时间准备做事，而不是像她应该的那样立即完成它们。)”和倒数第二段“Amy then found out what Mr. Thornton would pay her for fifty, a hundred, and two hundred quarts. It took her some time to do this, and then it was so near dinner time that she had to stay at home until afternoon.(艾米随后得知桑顿先生愿意为她支付五十夸脱、一百夸脱和两百夸脱的酒钱。她花了不少时间才搞清楚，但此时已经快到晚餐时间了，她不得不待在家里直到下午)”可知，艾米只顾计算能挣多少钱，迟迟采取行动去摘黑莓，以至于最后黑莓被摘光了，由此可推知，艾米是理想化而不切实际的。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一个叫Amy的小女孩，总是光想事不做事。一天，Mr. Thornton叫她去农场摘黑莓，告诉她这是一个挣钱的好机会，可是Amy迟迟不去，一直在算她能挣多少钱，最后等她到了农场发现，黑莓都被摘光了，以至于最后没有挣到钱。D项“艾米没有赚到的钱。”适合作文章标题，故选D。 C In an attempt to explore unknown environments, a Chinese team created an octopus (章鱼) — inspired flexible robotic arm capable of sensing and controlling objects in limited spaces and underwater. According to the study published in the latest edition of Science Robotics, the robot allowed blindfolded human operators to guide its arm, using suckers (吸盘) to pick up various objects, including a toy shark and a smooth metal ball, via a single-finger glove. This new invention created by a team of researchers, led by Wen Li from Beihang University was inspired by the octopus, which moves its soft arms to catch its games with sensitive suckers. A simple strategy like this can be used as a model for robotic grasping, controllable with a few inputs, as well as a highly deformable arm with sensing capabilities. Wen’s team fixed electronics and circuits into the robots while maintaining their deformability. The researchers presented a stretchable electronics-integrated soft octopus arm with 16 air-driven devices and multiple degrees of freedom. The robot's stretchable, liquid-metal-based electronic circuit can stand super stretching force to perform tasks autonomously in a limited environment, findings from the study showed. The soft arm with two rows of sensory sucking cups that connect with the wearer's finger can perform a reaching-grasping-returning motion across a range of up to 1.5 times its original arm length, similar to the biological counterpart (对应方), the study revealed. “This robotic model provides new prospects and development ideas for the future interactive applications of flexible robots, including medical robots, seabed exploration robots, and so on” said the expert. 8. What inspired the invention of the robotic arm according to the passage? A. The limited spaces underwater. B. The special biological structure of the octopus. C. The desire to explore the living environment of octopus. D. The team work of the researchers from Beihang University. 9. What's the meaning of the underlined word “deformable” in paragraph 4? A. Powerful. B. Changeable. C. Steady. D. Active. 10. Which device is integrated into the robot? A. Plastic circuits. B. Suckers of octopuses. C. Electronic sensors. D. Arms of octopuses. 11. What do the experts imply in the last paragraph? A. Octopus is a very magic underwater creature. B. Creativity plays a very important part in science. C. The unknown world offers possibility for innovation. D. One invention can bring about a chain reaction of breakthroughs. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国团队创造了一种受章鱼启发的柔性机械臂，够在有限的空间和水下感应和控制物体。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“This new invention created by a team of researchers, led by Wen Li from Beihang University was inspired by the octopus, which moves its soft arms to catch its games with sensitive suckers. (这项由北航大学的温丽领导的研究小组创造的新发明受到了章鱼的启发，章鱼会移动柔软的手臂，用敏感的吸盘捕捉游戏)”可知，根据文章，章鱼的特殊生物结构激发了机械臂的发明。故选B。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。文章第五段讲到“Wen’s team fixed electronics and circuits into the robots while maintaining their deformability. The researchers presented a stretchable electronics-integrated soft octopus arm with 16 air-driven devices and multiple degrees of freedom. (温的团队在保持机器人变形能力的同时，将电子器件和电路固定在机器人上。研究人员展示了一种可拉伸的电子集成软章鱼手臂，该手臂具有16个空气驱动装置和多个自由度)”可知，这种机器人的手臂是一种可拉伸的电子集成软章鱼手臂，这个手臂是软的，可变形的，因此划线单词所在句子的意思是“像这样的简单策略可以用作机器人抓取的模型，只需少量输入即可控制，也可以用作具有传感能力的高度变形手臂”。因此，第四段中带下划线单词的含义是“可变的”。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“The soft arm with two rows of sensory sucking cups that connect with the wearer's finger can perform a reaching-grasping-returning motion across a range of up to 1. 5 times its original arm length, similar to the biological counterpart(对应方), the study revealed. (柔软的手臂上有两排与佩戴者手指相连的感觉吸盘，可以在高达1的范围内进行伸手抓地的返回动作。研究显示，它是原来臂长的5倍，与生物对应物相似。)”可知，电子传感器集成到机器人中。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“ This robotic model provides new prospects and development ideas for the future interactive applications of flexible robots, including medical robots, seabed exploration robots, and so on(该机器人模型为未来柔性机器人的交互应用提供了新的前景和发展思路，包括医疗机器人、海底探测机器人等)”可知，专家们在最后一段中的意思是：一项发明可以带来突破的连锁反应。故选D。 D Some songs might speak to your soul even if you don't know the words. The almost magical way that music reflects and influences our emotions led American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow to declare it the “universal language of mankind”. But how universal is it really? A team of more than a dozen researchers and countless undergraduates set out to collect and interpret descriptions and recordings of musical performances around the world. Their first finding: Music is indeed universal. Or at least statistical modeling strongly suggests that more than 99% of societies have music. Then, they analyzed the song descriptions for sixty very different societies and looked at different qualities related to song performance. As they classified the songs, they found that three dimensions (方面) accounted for more than a quarter of the variability between songs. The first was how formal or informal a song was. Songs high in formality had large audiences and lots of instruments, often involved ceremonial events, and frequently had adult-only audiences. Informal events had smaller audiences, including children, or no audience at all. The second was how arousing a song was to its listeners. Lively events involving lots of dancing were high on this dimension, while a low value reflected a calmer event, like someone singing to themselves or a baby. The last was how religious song was. Songs used in ceremonies were high in religiosity, while those without a spiritual context scored low. The researchers applied their findings to four widespread categories of music: lullabies (摇篮), dance songs, love songs and healing songs, and found clear trend. Most dance was highly arousing and formal, but low in religiosity. Lullabies were mostly low in formality and low in arousal. And healing songs scored high in all dimensions while love songs were low in all dimensions. Even more interesting, the distribution of these behaviors was similar in all societies studied. Scholars say that their database could fuel future research into even more inspiring questions about music universals. And their method might be used to pick out patterns in other hard-to-analyze fields, like storytelling or visual art. 12. How was the research conducted? A. By making comparison and contrast. B. By finding similarities. C. By collecting and analyzing data. D. By illustrating examples. 13. Which kind of music may involve the most audiences and instruments? A. Lullabies. B. Dance songs. C. Love songs. D. Healing songs. 14. How is the future of their research findings according to the scholars? A. Promising. B. Unpredictable. C. Impractical. D. Limited. 15. What can be concluded from the passage? A. Songs can speak to your soul only if you know their words. B. Differences in formality lead to the variability between songs. C. Music is classified by the number of audience and instruments. D. Research on the universals of music can help explore other fields. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员对音乐普遍性进项了分析和研究。音乐普遍性具有启发性，也有助于探索其他领域。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A team of more than a dozen researchers and countless undergraduates set out to collect and interpret descriptions and recordings of musical performances around the world.(一个由十几名研究人员和无数本科生组成的团队开始收集和解读世界各地音乐表演的描述和录音)”以及第三段“As they classified the songs, they found that three dimensions (方面) accounted for more than a quarter of the variability between songs.(当他们对歌曲进行分类时，他们发现三个维度占歌曲之间可变性的四分之一以上)”可推知，研究是通过收集和分析数据进行的。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Songs high in formality had large audiences and lots of instruments, often involved ceremonial events, and frequently had adult-only audiences.(高度正式的歌曲有大量的观众和大量的乐器，通常涉及仪式活动，而且通常只有成人观众)”以及第四段“Most dance was highly arousing and formal, but low in religiosity. (大多数舞蹈都很有煽动性，很正式，但宗教信仰很低)”可推知，舞曲可能涉及最多的观众和乐器。故选B。 14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scholars say that their database could fuel future research into even more inspiring questions about music universals. And their method might be used to pick out patterns in other hard-to-analyze fields, like storytelling or visual art.(学者们表示，他们的数据库可以推动未来对音乐普遍性更具启发性的问题的研究。他们的方法可能被用来挑选其他难以分析的领域的模式，比如讲故事或视觉艺术)”可推知，学者们认为，他们的研究结果是很有前景的。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scholars say that their database could fuel future research into even more inspiring questions about music universals. And their method might be used to pick out patterns in other hard-to-analyze fields, like storytelling or visual art.(学者们表示，他们的数据库可以推动未来对音乐普遍性更具启发性的问题的研究。他们的方法可能被用来挑选其他难以分析的领域的模式，比如讲故事或视觉艺术)”可推知，对音乐普遍性的研究有助于探索其他领域。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is likely to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. ___16___ Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening eatery at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example. ___17___ Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behaviour.” It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep. ___18___ In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. ___19___ Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision. ___20___ Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called “information cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically appraising the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviours. A. But is this true? B. It is therefore an easy option. C. After all, there’s “safety in numbers”. D. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. E. This could have resulted in a snow-balling effect. F. Herd behaviours, while easy to explain, hold significant dangers. G. The number of diners is unlikely to indicate the quality of the meal. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了跟随他人行为问题，包括在选择餐馆时随意跟随人群的不良影响，并解释了“从众”行为的危险性。 【16题详解】 上文“How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is likely to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service(如何挑选一个最适合休息的地方？如果你和大多数人一样，一个简单的线索可能会改变你的选择。你会寻找最繁忙、食客最多的餐厅，因为它的受欢迎程度必然会反映在食物和服务的质量上)”指出了人们在挑选餐馆时会跟随他人的行为，下文“Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant.(越来越多的顾客被这家餐厅吸引，这可能会导致在过度拥挤的餐厅中出现糟糕的晚餐选择。)”指出，食客多、繁忙的餐厅晚餐也可能不好；A项“但这是真的吗？”承上启下，下文对此问题作出了回答，“this”指代上文陈述的内容。故选A。 【17题详解】 上文“Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening eatery at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example.(早起的食客对于选择哪家餐厅没有任何有意义的线索，他们可能会随机选择晚餐餐厅，例如选择名字最好听的餐厅或笑容最灿烂的服务员。随后的路人可能会误解他们的餐厅选择是明智的决定，并盲目地效仿他们的做法)”指出人们在选择餐厅时只是根据名字最好听或笑容最灿烂的服务员等来选择，这是没有任何意义的，这导致其他人误解他们的选择是明智的，进而盲目跟随，下文“Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant.(越来越多的顾客被这家餐厅吸引，这可能会导致在过度拥挤的餐厅中出现糟糕的晚餐选择。)”指出这种盲目跟风行为导致一种不良结果，由此可知，空处应引起下文，指出这种行为会产生不良后果，E项“这可能会产生滚雪球效应。”符合语境，选项中“snow-balling effect”与下文“Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant”相对应。故选E。 【18题详解】 上文“Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behaviour.” It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep.(自愿模仿其他人的想法或选择，或者只是随波逐流通常被称为“从众行为”。这种行为在人类以及许多其他动物中经常发生，常见的例子就是绵羊。)”介绍了指出这种自愿模仿其他人的想法或选择，或者只是随波逐流通常被称为“从众行为”，下文“In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. (我在之前的一篇文章中讨论了所谓的“群体智慧”，该观点认为，大群体的平均判断往往优于个人选择。此外，随大流似乎能提供保护和安慰。)”指出这种行为所蕴含的智慧，由此可知，这种行为似乎很有道理，D项“从众行为看上去很有道理。”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 上文“Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort.(此外，随波逐流似乎能带来保护和安慰。)”指出从众似乎能带来保护和安慰，空处承接上文，对此作出解释，C项“毕竟，‘人多势众。”符合语境，“人多势众”这种心理使得人们感觉从众会带来保护和安慰，故选C。 【20题详解】 下文“Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called “information cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically appraising the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviours.(与所谓的“群体智慧”相反，从众行为通常依赖于所谓的“信息瀑布”，即人们接受他人的信念或模仿他们的选择，而不批判性地评估其背后的原因。这经常导致模仿不合理或愚蠢的行为)”指出了从众心理的危害性，F项“从众行为虽然很容易解释，但却具有重大危险”符合语境，引起下文，故选F。 第三部分语 言运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）习题改编 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At 33, I did something brave, or some would say stupid. I ___21___ Congress (国会). For years, I had existed safely ___22___ the scenes in politics as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The polls (投票), however, told a very ___23___ story. I only got 19 percent of the vote. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didn’t worry about being ___24___. In 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code. We immediately see our girls’ ___25___ of not being perfect. When the girls are first learning how to code, she’ll say, “I don’t know what ___26___ to write.” and shows a ___27___ text editor. But if the teacher presses undo a few times, she’ll see her student wrote code and then ___28___ it. Instead of showing the ___29___ that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all. Some people worry about our budget deficit (赤字), but I worry about our ____30____ deficit. Most girls are raised to ____31____ risk and failure. This is ____32____ women are underrepresented in STEM, in Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with ____33____, and we’ve got to do it now. We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers, when it has the most potential to ____34____ their lives, and we have to show them that they will be loved and ____35____ not for being perfect but for being courageous. 21. A. ran for B. lied to C. voted against D. traded with 22. A. on B. off C. inside D. behind 23. A. classic B. simple C. different D. complex 24. A. risky B. perfect C. stupid D. beautiful 25. A. fear B. effort C. trouble D. struggle 26. A. code B. answer C. deficit D. character 27. A. random B. blank C. marked D. broken 28. A. used B. saved C. cracked D. deleted 29. A. mess B. success C. progress D. difference 30. A. honesty B. bravery C. generosity D. determination 31. A. face B. avoid C. admit D. expect 32. A. why B. how C. when D. where 33. A. doubt B. danger C. uncertainty D. imperfection 34. A. earn B. risk C. impact D. enjoy 35. A. inspired B. accepted C. tolerated D. protected 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在33岁的时候做了一些勇敢的事：竞选国会议员。由此作者感悟到女生会被爱和接受，不是因为她们完美，而是因为她们勇敢。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我竞选国会议员。A. ran for为……竞选；B. lied to对……撒谎；C. voted against投票反对；D. traded with对……与交易。根据下文“but in my heart, I always wanted to run”可知，作者参选国会议员。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：多年来，作为一名组织者，我一直安全地生活在政治的幕后，但在我心中，我一直想参选。A. on在……上；B. off关闭；C. inside内部；D. behind在……的后面。根据下文“as an organizer”可知，作者多年来一直在幕后工作。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，民意调查却讲述了一个截然不同的故事。A. classic经典的；B. simple简单的；C. different不同的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“but in my heart, I always wanted to run”以及下文“I only got 19 percent of the vote”可知，作者心里想的参选结果和事实结果是不同的。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管结果如此，这是我一生中第一次做一些真正勇敢的事情，我不担心自己是完美的。A. risky有风险的；B. perfect完美的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据上文“I only got 19 percent of the vote. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave”可知，这是作者第一次参选，虽然结果不太如意，作者真正做了这一生中真正勇敢的事实，作者也不必担心自己不够完美。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们立刻看到了我们的女孩们对不完美的恐惧。A. fear害怕；B. effort努力；C. trouble故障；D. struggle奋斗。根据下文“Instead of showing the ___9___ that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all.”可知，女孩子们害怕出现错误。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道该写什么代码。A. code代码；B. answer答案；C. deficit赤字；D. character性格。根据上文“When the girls are first learning how to code”可知，此处指的是写代码。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后展示一个空白文本编辑器。A. random随机的；B. blank空白的；C. marked标记的；D. broken破碎的。根据下文“Instead of showing the ___9___ that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all.”可知，女孩子们宁愿在编辑器里什么都不显示，也不愿展示出她们出现的错误，因此，编辑器是空白的。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果老师按下undo几次，她会看到她的学生写了代码，然后删除了它。A. used用；B. saved保存，拯救；C. cracked断裂；D. deleted删除。根据下文“Instead of showing the ___9___ that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all. ”可知，女孩子们宁愿在编辑器里什么都不显示，也不愿展示出她们取得的进步。她们把编辑器里的代码都删除了。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她宁愿什么都不显示，而不是显示她所取得的进步。A. mess一团糟；B. success成功；C. progress进度；D. difference差别。根据上文“But if the teacher presses undo a few times, she’ll see her student wrote code”以及常识可知，写代码的过程是一个不断修正，不断试错，从而取得进步的过程。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人担心我们的预算赤字，但我担心我们的勇气赤字。A. honesty诚实；B. bravery勇敢；C. generosity慷慨；D. determination决心。根据下文“We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers”可知，作者担心女孩子们不够勇敢。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数女孩的成长是为了避免风险和失败。A. face面对；B. avoid避免；C. admit承认；D. expect预料。根据下文“We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers”可知，教育女孩子们避免风险。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查表语从句连接词辨析。句意：这就是为什么女性在STEM、国会以及几乎所有你看到的地方都代表性不足的原因。A. why为什么；B. how如何；C. when当……时候；D. where哪里。根据上文“Most girls are raised to ___11___ risk and failure.”可知，这是女性代表性不足的原因。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须让我们的女孩适应不完美，现在我们必须这样做。A. doubt怀疑；B. danger危险；C. uncertainty不确定性；D. imperfection缺陷。根据下文“and we have to show them that they will be loved and ___15___ not for being perfect but for being courageous.”可知，要让我们的女孩适应不完美。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须在学校以及他们职业生涯的早期就教导他们要勇敢，因为那时对他们的生活影响最大，而且我们必须向他们表明，他们之所以被爱和接纳，并非因为他们完美无缺，而是因为他们勇敢无畏。A. earn赚；B. risk风险；C. impact影响；D. enjoy享受。根据上文“We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers”可知，学会勇敢这对他们以后的生活有影响。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. inspired启发；B. accepted接受；C. tolerated耐受；D. protected保护。根据前文“be loved”可知，因为自己的勇敢和不完美而被接受和被爱。故选B项。 第四部分 名词性从句（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（讲义习题改编） 36. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whoever 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：萨拉希望和任何和她有共同兴趣的人成为朋友。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“无论谁”应用whoever。故填whoever。 37. We cannot figure out ______ quite a number of birds and animals are dying out. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们弄不明白为什么相当多的鸟类和动物正在灭绝。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，句子表示“我们弄不明白为什么相当多的鸟类和动物正在灭绝”，空格处意为“为什么”，用why引导宾语从句，故填why。 38. The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：上次我们玩得很开心是在参观水上公园的时候。空处引导表语从句并在从句中作时间状语，用连接副词when引导从句。故填when。 39. Our success depends on ______ well we can get on with one another. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】how 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们的成功取决于我们能否和睦相处。空处引导宾语从句，空处修饰well，用how表示程度，how well意思为：多么好。故填how。 40. Most of the students are sure ______ they can get a good job with higher pay. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：大多数学生确信他们能找到一份薪水更高的好工作。空处引导宾语从句，从句成份和意义都完整，需用that引导宾语从句。故填that。 41. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a grass-land ten years ago. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。一座现代城市在一个十年前是废地的地方建起来了。空处引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，宾语从句缺主语，表示“事物、东西”，使用连接代词what，故填what。 42. ______ China is a developing country is known to all. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】That 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。空处引导主语从句，主语从句中，句子意思和成分完整，需用that引导主语从句，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填That。 43. ______ we’ll go camping next week depends on the weather. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whether 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：下周我们是否去露营取决于天气。引导主语从句，位于句首，且表示“是否”应用whether，首字母大写。故填Whether。 44. Energy is ________ makes things work. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】what 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：能量是事物运转的动力。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句缺主语，指的是事物，故用what引导。故填what。 45. ________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whichever 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：无论哪个队在星期六获胜都将进入全国锦标赛。分析句子，will go through 作主句谓语，该空需填主语从句的连接词，且名词team缺少限定词。根据句意，whichever符合语境，且位于句首。故填Whichever。 46. The question came up at the meeting ________we had enough money for our research. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：会议上提出了我们是否有足够的资金进行研究的问题。分析句子可知，此处引导the question的同位语从句，表示“是否”，不做任何成分，whether引导同位语从句，if不可以。故填whether。 47. The reason I plan to go is _____ she will be disappointed if I don’t.（用适当的单词填空） 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我打算去的原因是如果我不去，她会失望的。设空处引导一个表语从句，从句成分和句意完整，所以应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导该从句且不可省略。故填that。 48. I don’t doubt ______ he’ll come. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我毫不怀疑他会来的。doubt用作动词时，在否定句中，应用 that引导宾语从句。故填that。 49. If you know ______ it was that wrote A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：如果你知道《双城记》的作者是谁，请举手。know后为宾语从句，it was that为强调句型结构，从句缺少wrote的主语，此处表示“人”，用who引导宾语从句。故填who。 50. Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building, and that's ________ I don' 't agree. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：怀特先生反对修复旧建筑，那是我不同意的地方。分析句子可知，is后接表语从句，从句agree是不及物动词，从句缺少地点状语，where (……的地方)符合句意，故填where。 第五部分 暑假作业单句填空（暑期作业改编） 请根据提示，用正确的单词形式填空。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 51. Now employers will give a _________（prefer）to the students who have graduated from universities in Project 985 and 211.（用所给单词适当形式填空） 【答案】preference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在用人单位将优先考虑985和211大学毕业的学生。此处用可数名词preference（偏爱）作动词give的宾语，即give preference to sb.（给某人优先权、偏爱某人）。 故填preference。 52. The most likely ________ (explain) is that his plane was delayed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】explanation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：最有可能的解释是他的飞机晚点了。分析句子结合空前的形容词likely（可能的）可知此处需要填入名词形式作句子的主语，提示词explain（解释）的名词形式为explanation，由谓语动词is可知用单数，故填explanation。 53. In 1993 he ______ (permit) to leave for Miami. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was permitted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：1993年，他获准前往迈阿密。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语In 1993可知，句子是一般过去时，主语he和动词permit之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为he，be用was。故填was permitted。 54. The new ______ (deliver) service has taken off in a big way. (所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】delivery 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这项新的送货服务已大获成功。空处修饰service，此处用名词作定语，delivery service意思为：送货服务。故填delivery。 55. No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect ________ (combine) is always enough to lift my spirts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】combination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：不管我的心情有多糟糕，这种完美的组合总是足以让我振作起来。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意以及空前that perfect可知，名词combination“组合，结合体”符合句意。故填combination。 56. The war showed the ______ (destroy) side of human nature. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】destructive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：战争显示了人性的破坏性。根据空格前后的the和side可知，这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词，作定语，故需要使用其形容词形式destructive来填充空格，意为“破坏性的”。故答案是destructive。 57. Not only were his skills ______ (impress), but also his performance was very excellent in the last season. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impressive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不仅他的技术令人印象深刻，而且他在上个赛季的表现也非常出色。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词impressive“令人印象深刻的”，作表语。故填impressive。 58. Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, ______ (fog) climate in which they were invented. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】foggy 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：四川火锅诞生于潮湿多雾的气候，非常适合这里。空处修饰climate，用形容词作定语，fog对应的形容词为foggy。故填foggy。 59. We heard both sides of the ______ (argue). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】argument 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们听到了双方的争论。空处为名词作介词的宾语，argue对应的名词为argument。故填argument。 60. All non-violent religious and political ______ (belief) should be respected equally. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】beliefs 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有非暴力的宗教和政治信仰都应得到平等尊重。空格处位于形容词之后，因此填入名词，belief为名词，此次指的是“信仰”，为可数名词，且有all修饰，所以要用复数。故填beliefs。 61. It can be __________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】beneficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与你信任的人分享你的感受能够受益。根据空格前的系动词be可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，根据句意“受益的”是beneficial。故填beneficial。 62. He devotes his time to the ______ (acquire) of knowledge. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】acquisition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他把时间花在获取知识上。空处作介词to的宾语，用acquire对应的名词acquisition。故填acquisition。 63. Her unusual talent gained her worldwide _____________ (recognize). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】recognition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她不同寻常天赋获得了全世界的认可。根据空格前的形容词worldwide可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，根据句意“认可”是recognition，为不可数名词。故填recognition。 64. Those who fight against the truth are fighting a ______ (lose) battle. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】losing 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：那些与真理作斗争的人正在打一场注定失败的战斗。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“battle”。动词“lose”需要转换为形容词形式。在英语中，losing是lose的现在分词形式用作形容词，表示“正在失去的”或“注定失败的”。故填losing。 65. Not all snakes are ______ (poison). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】poisonous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不是所有的蛇都有毒。作表语，应用形容词poisonous，故填poisonous。 第六部分 课本单词单句填空（原创） 请根据提示，用正确的单词形式填空。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 66. The injured were rushed to the hospital in an ______ (救护车). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】ambulance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：伤者被救护车迅速送往医院。“救护车”为ambulance，为名词作宾语，an后用名词单数。故填ambulance。 67. She erupted into tears, ______ (发泄；释放) all her pent-up emotions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】releasing 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：她突然哭了起来，释放了所有压抑的情绪。“发泄；释放”为release；句子中有谓语动词erupted，所以需要填入非谓语动词；release与其逻辑主语She之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填releasing。 68. She almost ______ (窒息) to death after breathing in smoke(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】choked 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她吸入浓烟后几乎窒息而死。“窒息”为choke，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式choked。故填choked。 69. Her version in the recent interview ______ (与……相矛盾) her daughter’s. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】contradicted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她在最近采访中的说法与她女儿的说法相矛盾。“与……相矛盾”为动词contradict，结合in the recent interview可知，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填contradicted。 70. The engines shut off ___________________ (自动地) in an emergency.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】automatically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：发动机在紧急情况下自动关闭。根据汉语提示可知，automatically“自动地”，副词，修饰动词短语“shut off”，故填automatically。 71. The concert will ______ (播送) live tomorrow evening. (根据汉语提示填空) 【答案】be broadcast## be broadcasted 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：音乐会将于明晚现场直播。“播送”为broadcast，此处的主语为“concert”，所以为“被播送”，所以需要使用被动语态，句子中已经有will，所以用一般将来时的被动语态；broadcast的过去分词为broadcast或broadcasted。故填be broadcast或者be broadcasted。 72. Fresh flowers will ______ (bright) up any room in the house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】brighten 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：新鲜的花将使房间变得明亮。本句是一般将来时，谓语动词由will接动词原形构成，所给词“bright”为形容词“明亮的”，其动词形式为“brighten”。短语“brighten up”含义为“使生色；为…增辉添彩；”。故填brighten。 73. That was absolutely a ______ (memory) occasion in my life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】memorable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那绝对是我一生中难忘的时刻。空格处位于名词前，因此需要填入形容词；memory为名词，形容词为memorable，表示“难忘的”。故填memorable。 74. If it’s a legal matter you need to seek ________ (profession) advice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】professional 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果是法律问题，你需要寻求专业意见。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词advice，应用形容词；profession的形容词形式为professional，表示“专业的、职业的”。故填professional。 75. He was seized by ______ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他被好奇心所驱使。by为介词，后接名词作宾语，curious是形容词，其名词为curiosity，意为“好奇心”，是不可数名词。故填curiosity。 第七部分 读后续写句库默写（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）（原创） 76. “Amazing!” she ______ ______ ______ at the scene. 看到这情景，她高兴地惊叹了起来。 【答案】 ①. exclaimed ②. in ③. delight 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“惊叹”可用动词exclaim，作谓语动词，本句描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；表示“高兴地”可用介词短语in delight，作状语。故填exclaimed in delight。 77. Then I ______ ______ (蹑手蹑脚地下楼) and ______ (检查) the tags attached to each of the packages. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. crept ②. downstairs ③. examined 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和副词。句意：然后我蹑手蹑脚地下楼，检查每个包裹上的标签。“蹑手蹑脚地下楼”用creep downstairs，“检查”用examine，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填①crept②downstairs③examined。 78. “Please don’t tell my dad about this”, he said, ______ ______ ______. (羞愧得脸红了。) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. blushing ②. with ③. shame 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。句意：“请不要告诉我爸爸这件事，”他说，羞愧得脸红了。“羞愧得脸红”用blush with shame，空处为非谓语，逻辑主语为he，与blush为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填①blushing②with③shame。 79. I stood there ______ ______ ______. (尴尬地沉默着) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. awkward ③. silence 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：我尴尬地沉默着站在那里。根据汉语提示可知，表示“尴尬地沉默着”应使用介词短语in awkward silence作状语。其中awkward修饰名词silence。故填in awkward silence。 80. It suddenly ______ ______ me (我突然明白) ______ I didn’t need these things to be happy. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. dawned ②. on ③. that 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：我突然明白，我并不需要这些东西来获得快乐。“我突然明白”可以用固定句型It dawns on me that表示，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，此处描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填dawned；on；that。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$