精品解析：山东省聊城市第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

2022级高三上学期第1次测试（开学考） 英语试题 （试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Linda love most about Chongqing? A. The food. B. The people. C. The landscape. 2. Where does Jason’s mother come from? A. Spain. B. Mexico. C. America. 3. What makes the woman choose the zoo? A Its size. B. Its location. C. Its design. 4. What does the woman think of the man’s deed? A. Stupid. B. Great. C. Confusing. 5. How would the woman like to watch movies? A. At the cinema. B. On the computer. C. On the smartphone. 第二节、(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6-7题。 6. What is Karen’s favorite leisure time activity? A. Gardening. B. Reading books. C. Collecting stamps. 7. How many stamps has the man collected? A. 100. B. 150. C. 200. 听第7段材料，回答第8-10题。 8. How old should a child be to go to the camp? A. At least 3 years old. B. At least 9 years old. C. At least 19 years old. 9. What do older children mainly learn in the class? A. Basic dance skills. B. Different styles of dance. C. Challenging ballet movements. 10. What will the speakers do next? A. Book a class online. B. Find out the camp’s price. C. Tell Amy about the camp. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Guy Parker-Rees do for the book? A. He wrote the story. B. He financed it. C. He drew its paintings. 12. What did John decide to do after reading the book? A. Learn to admire others. B. Keep learning new things. C. Appreciate his own strengths. 13. Where did John get the book? A. From a bookstore. B. From a library. C. From a friend. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What record does Zuriel Oduwole hold? A. The filmmaker of making the most films. B. The most famous filmmaker at the moment. C. The youngest filmmaker in the film industry ever. 15. Why did Zuriel Oduwole make films? A. To make some money. B. To draw attention to African lives. C. To promote education for African girls. 16. What does the woman say about Zuriel Oduwole? A. She is brave. B. She is inspiring. C. She is confident. 17. What is most probably the woman? A. An athlete. B. A coach. C. An actress. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s opinion on learning after leaving school? A. It’s popular. B. It’s important. C. It’s challenging. 19. What does the speaker love doing most? A. Traveling to new places. B. Joining peer groups. C. Reading books. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to get a better tutor. B. How to develop new hobbies. C. How to become a lifelong learner. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A There are tons of physics textbooks available around the world. Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics This book is a collection of online teachings by Professor R. Shankar. Shankar is one of the first to be involved in the innovative Open Yale Courses program. It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. The new and improved 10th edition features multi-media resources, and questions to test students’ understanding of each concept. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Richard Feynman is regarded as one of the greatest teachers of physics to walk the face of the earth. This book is a collection of Feynman’s lectures. In his words, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, formed the basis of this book. University Physics with Modern Physics The book is recognized for teaching and applying principles of physics through a narrative (叙事的) method. To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding. 1. What do the first two books have in common? A. They are improved editions. B. They are written by professors. C. They favor students of engineering. D. They feature multi-media resources. 2. Which book best suits students who enjoy learning physics through practical examples? A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics. B. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering. C. The Feynman Lectures on Physics. D. University Physics with Modern Physics. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An online article. B. A research paper. C. A physics textbook. D. A science journal. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本物理学入门教科书，这些书用简单的语言介绍了物理学。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful.(这是大学物理的完美入门。化学、工程和AP物理专业的学生会发现这本书很有帮助。)”可知，Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics这本书适合化学、工程学和AP物理学专业的学生，再由文章第三段“This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. (这本书帮助学生阅读科学数据，回答科学问题，并确定基本概念。)”可知，Physics for Students of Science and Engineering这本书能帮助学生阅读科学数据、回答科学问题并确定基本概念，且此书的名字也提及了工程学专业，故这两本书都适合工程学专业的学生阅读。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding.(为了确保更好地理解和应用这些概念，提供了工作示例，为学生提供了培养解决问题的能力和概念理解的工具。)”可知，University Physics with Modern Physics这本书最适合喜欢通过实际例子学习物理的学生。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language.(根据我们的网络研究，以下是我们用简单实用的语言介绍物理学的四大精选。)”并分析文章的语言和内容结构可知，这篇文章可能是一篇在线文章（类似于网络文章或博客帖子）。故选A项。 B College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 4. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To offer background information about Carvey. B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 5. What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A. Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use. 6. What can we learn about AuREUS? A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production. C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D. It can make waste advantageous. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble. C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了菲律宾27岁学生Carvey Ehren Maigue凭借AuREUS系统技术在James Dyson可持续发展大奖赛中脱颖而出的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloud y day! (这位27岁的菲律宾人一直在菲律宾一所顶尖的工程学校学习，很快就要毕业了。在那里的这段时间里，他学到了很多关于设计的知识，这就是他创建AuREUS系统技术的原因。这些太阳能电池板由食物垃圾制成，即使在阴天也能将紫外线转化为可再生能源)”可知，第二段介绍了Carvey的学习背景，并指出正是因此他才研发了AuREUS系统；再结合第一段最后一句“But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won— for good reason! (虽然每个参赛作品都令人印象深刻，但卡维·埃伦·麦格的最终获奖是有充分理由的！)”可知，第二段的功能是解释了为什么Carvey能够赢得比赛。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! (它是环保的，可以长期使用，完全符合我们的目的，使它成为最引人注目的！)”可知，AuREUS环保且耐用的特点让它符合比赛的宗旨，因此是可持续性使它脱颖而出。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future- looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now. (通过AuREUS，我们对遭受自然灾害（如台风）袭击的农民的作物进行升级利用，而台风也恰好是气候变化的影响。通过将它们转化为新能源，我们既可以着眼于未来，又可以解决我们目前遇到的问题。)”可知，这种技术可以对遭受了自然灾害影响的农民的农作物加以循环利用，将它们转化为新的能源。AuREUS能够变废为宝。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的““I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” (“我很高兴，因为我知道，通过这个奖项，我将能够接触到更多的人，”他补充说。“这是我第二次申请，通过坚持，我成功了。”)”可知，Carvey是一个乐于助人且坚持不懈的人。故选C。 C Is diet soda safe? If you’re concerned about sugar, diet products seem a better option, sweet and not so bad for you. Wrong! Drinking diet soda regularly can increase your risk of diseases. Despite the fact that we call these drinks “diet”, the artificial sweeteners they contain are linked to weight gain, not loss. There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School. The team drew upon a data set of nearly 32,000 female nurses, ages 42 to 62 when the study began. It turned out that the nurses who consumed the most diet drinks had a 37 percent higher chance of depression, compared to those who drank the least or none. Diet soda also increases your risk of stroke (中风), according to a separate meta-analysis that included 72 studies. Looking for the causes behind the stroke, researchers took various blood measurements when 12 healthy volunteers in their 20s drank water, soda, or diet soda. The result showed that both sodas slowed the flow of blood within the brain. Though the effect didn’t seem sufficient to cause stroke, slower blood flow could have accumulating effects. Other researchers have found that diet soda increases the risk of dementia (痴呆), from data from nearly 178,000 volunteers tracked over an average of nine years. That’s not a big surprise. An earlier study of about 4,300 volunteers concluded that drinking diet soda every day was tied to three times the risk of dementia over the following decade. The researchers looked at brain scans and the results of mental function assessments. A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains and aggravates long-term memory, two risk factors for dementia. Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily. So you know what to do. 8. How does the author present his point of view? A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving opinions. C. By quoting specialists. D. By presenting research. 9. What effect might diet soda have on people? A. Slight weight loss. B. Increased blood flow. C. Raised depression risk. D. Severe mental decline. 10. Which can best replace the underlined word “aggravates” in paragraph 4? A. Deletes. B. Worsens. C. Motivates. D. Stimulates. 11. What might the author advise us to do? A. Quit consuming diet sodas. B. Limit the daily sugar intake. C. Set achievable health goals. D. Follow fixed aging process. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章中作者通过引用多项研究来表明喝无糖汽水的危害，包括增加患抑郁症、中风和痴呆的风险。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School.(最新的证据表明，它们会增加患抑郁症的风险，这一证据来自哈佛医学院研究人员的一项新分析)”以及倒数第二段“Other researchers have found that diet soda increases the risk of dementia (痴呆), from data from nearly 178,000 volunteers tracked over an average of nine years.(其他研究人员发现，无糖汽水会增加患痴呆症的风险，这些数据来自对近17.8万名志愿者平均9年的跟踪调查)”可知，作者通过展示研究来提出自己的观点。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School.(最新的证据表明，它们会增加患抑郁症的风险，这一证据来自哈佛医学院研究人员的一项新分析)”可知，根据哈佛医学院研究人员的数据，无糖汽水会增加患抑郁症的风险。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains(每天喝无糖汽水会导致大脑萎缩)”和后文“two risk factors for dementia(痴呆的两个危险因素)”可知，每天喝无糖汽水会导致大脑萎缩，所以“aggravates long-term memory(aggravates长期记忆)”也应表示无糖汽水的不良影响。因此，aggravate的意思应为“使恶化”，worsen与之意思相近。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily. So you know what to do.(避免抑郁、中风和痴呆是任何想要健康老去的人的一个明显目标。所以你知道该怎么做)”可知，为了能健康地老去，作者可能会建议我们停止喝无糖汽水。故选A。 D Recent developments in robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have brought us in the eye of the storm of a new automation age. About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. Automation can enable businesses to improve performance by reducing errors and improving quality and speed, and in some cases achieving outcomes that go beyond human capabilities. At a time of weak productivity growth worldwide, automation technologies can provide the much-needed promotion of economic growth, according to the report. Automation could raise productivity growth globally by 0.8 percent to 1.4 percent. At a global level, technically automated activities involved 1.1 billion employees and 11.9 trillion U.S. dollars in wages, the report said. The report also showed that activities most influenced by automation were physical ones in highly structured and predictable environments, as well as data collection and processing. In the United States, these activities make up 51 percent of activities in the economy, accounting for almost 2.7 trillion dollars in wages. They are most common in production, accommodation and food service, and the retail (零售) trade. And it’s not just low-skill, low-wage work that is likely to be influenced by automation; middle-skill and high-paying, high-skill occupations, too, have a degree of automation potential. The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive (认知的) capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. 12. What is the report mainly about? A. Comparisons of robots with humans. B. Analysis of automation’s potential in economy. C. Prediction of the unemployment problem. D. Explanations of the concept of the automation age. 13. What might happen in 2055 according to the text? A. Automation will cause weak productivity growth. B. Automation will reduce employees’ wages. C. Activities like data collection and processing will disappear. D. Activities involve feeling emotions can be performed by robots. 14. How does the author feel about human workers? A. Worried. B. Mixed. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Automation: A challenge to all? B. Automation: Where to go from here? C. Automation: Who is the eventual winner? D. Automation: A future replacement for humans? 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告。报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人类工作有可能实现自动化。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. (麦肯锡全球研究所(McKinsey Global Institute)的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着技术的发展，大约一半的人类工作可能会实现自动化。)”和接下来三段的展开论述可知，这篇报告主要分析了自动化对经济的影响，探讨了自动化在提高效率、推动经济增长方面的作用，以及这一趋势对不同类型工作的影响。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容“The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. (机器人和计算机不仅可以比人类更好、更便宜地完成一系列日常体力劳动，而且也越来越有能力完成需要认知能力的活动，比如感受情绪或驾驶。)”可知，机器人和计算机会越来越能够完成需要认知能力才能完成的事，例如感受情绪或驾驶车辆。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. (虽然目前关于自动化的争论主要集中在许多人可能被取代从而失去经济资源的可能性上，但分析表明，人类仍然是需要的：只有当人类与机器一起工作时，总生产率才会提高。)”可知，作者对人类工作者持积极乐观的态度。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文开头主要介绍了机器人技术、人工智能和机器学习的最新发展使人类处于一个新的自动化时代的风口浪尖。麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人工工作有可能实现自动化。接着文章展开介绍了自动化对经济及不同类型工作的影响，最后提出人类和机器一起工作，总生产率提高才会实现。因此D项“自动化：未来人类的替代品？”适合作本文标题。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sustainable travel is now one of the fastest-growing movements. Its goal is to meet the needs of the tourism industry without harming natural and cultural environments. ____16____ Here are some concrete ways to reduce your environmental impact as a traveler. ____17____ Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away. It’s the art of exploration, discovery and getting out of your comfort zone, all of which can just as well be nearby. Find somewhere nearby you haven’t been, get in your car, and go for a visit. You never know what you’ll come across. Make greener transportation choices. After walking, public transportation is the next best way to explore new destinations. ____18____ When it comes to longer distances, buses and trains are your best way of getting around, both of which can be quite an experience in and of itself. Avoid over-visited destinations. If you can, avoid places with over-tourism. You’ll find fewer crowds and lower prices, and you also won’t be putting as much pressure on local communities struggling to keep up. And, from a personal-enjoyment point of view, who wants to deal with crowds or long lines? No one. ____19____ Take a nature-related trip. If you want to better understand and appreciate the natural world, try taking a trip with the single purpose of connecting with nature. ____20____ I promise that when you come home, you’ll have a new viewpoint on why we’re all so focused on being environmentally friendly these days. A. Stay close to home. B. Find an ideal place to explore. C. Sustainable travel can be useful to support communities. D. Not only is it better for the environment, but it’s cheaper as well. E Get in touch with the world in a way that sitting at home doesn’t. F. If not managed properly, tourism can have incredibly negative impacts. G. Visiting less-visited destinations can be much more enjoyable and rewarding. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可持续旅游，以及一些降低旅行者对环境的影响的具体方法。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Its goal is to meet the needs of the tourism industry without harming natural and cultural environments.（其目标是在不损害自然和文化环境的情况下满足旅游业的需要。）”介绍了可持续旅游及其目标，以及空后“Here are some concrete ways to reduce your environmental impact as a traveler.（这里有一些具体的方法来减少你的旅行对环境的影响。）”建议了一些具体方法来降低旅游对环境的影响。F项“（如果管理不当，旅游业可能会产生令人难以置信的负面影响。）”对开展可持续旅游的原因进行了解释（即“为什么”），承接了上文的“是什么”，同时开启了下文的“怎么做”。故选F。 【17题详解】 空处应填入本段的中心句。根据空后“Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away. It’s the art of exploration, discovery and getting out of your comfort zone, all of which can just as well be nearby.（旅行并不一定要去很远的地方。这是一种探索、发现和走出舒适区的艺术，所有这些都可以近在咫尺。）”强调了旅游并不一定要去很远的地方，在附近探索和发现也可以。A项“Stay close to home.（待在家附近。）”符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 本段主旨是“Make greener transportation choices.（选择更环保的交通方式。）”。根据空前“After walking, public transportation is the next best way to explore new destinations.（除了步行，公共交通是探索新目的地的第二佳方式。）”提到公共交通是仅次于步行的探索新目的地的最佳方式。D项“Not only is it better for the environment, but it’s cheaper as well.（它不仅对环境更好，而且更便宜。）”分析了公共交通的好处，解释了为什么要选择公共交通工具，承接上文，符合语境。选项中的it指代的是上文的public transportation。故选D。 【19题详解】 本段主旨是“Avoid over-visited destinations.（避免去游客过多的目的地。）”。空处位于段尾，应总结本段内容，再次点明主旨。分析选项可知，G项“Visiting less-visited destinations can be much more enjoyable and rewarding.（去探访较少有人去的目的地可能更加令人愉悦和有益。）”总结了本段的内容，符合语境。“Visiting less-visited destinations”是对本段关键信息“over-visited destinations”的反义转述。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Take a nature-related trip. If you want to better understand and appreciate the natural world, try taking a trip with the single purpose of connecting with nature.（来一次与大自然有关的旅行。如果你想更好地了解和欣赏自然世界，试着带着与自然联系的唯一目的去旅行。）”可知上文强调，通过“与自然亲近”的旅游，人们可以更好地理解和欣赏自然界。E项中的“Get in touch with the world”指的就是亲近自然，是“connecting with nature”的同义表达。同时，选项中的“sitting at home”也和下文中的“come home”形成呼应。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There was a time in my life when I lost everything. Infected by a rare bacterium, I lost the ability to walk and ____21____ in a wheelchair. For a whole year, I was bedbound. After that, I lost everything else. I lost friends, who lost ____22____ with me and grew tired of waiting for an unlikely recovery. I lost my ____23____ which I had worked for decades to build — my source of independent income. There went my sense of ____24____ too. And I lost my marriage. I lost my house after the ____25____. I had nowhere to live and had to move back in with my parents. Facing all these losses, most people would fall into ____26____. And I did experience depression. But, most of all, I experienced ____27____. I believe that my life could start over. I could ____28____ not only physically but in all ways. My health ____29____ slowly but surely. I ____30____ made my health a top priority. I ate healthier foods, exercised more regularly, and constantly ____31____ new ways to reduce stress like meditation and yoga. Then new friends ____32____ my life. A new job presented itself. A new ____33____ partnership presented itself as well. I was grateful that these events ____34____ people’s true colors and true integrity. When bad things happen it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need to ____35____ hope. It was more important than anything else. 21. A. rose up B. rolled up C. ended up D. turned up 22. A. temper B. patience C. cooperation D. touch 23. A. status B. wealth C. fame D. career 24. A. purpose B. trust C. loss D. shame 25. A. conflict B. crisis C. divorce D. departure 26. A. poverty B. despair C. confusion D. trouble 27. A. hope B. relief C. courage D. strength 28. A. fight B. respond C. twist D. heal 29. A. declined B. performed C. returned D. changed 30. A. accidentally B. cautiously C. quickly D. deliberately 31 A. compared B. discussed C. integrated D. simplified 32. A. entered B. influenced C. benefited D. shaped 33. A. friendly B. flexible C. strategic D. romantic 34. A. revealed B. marked C. preserved D. recorded 35. A. get close to B. hold on to C. let go of D. take notice of 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是当作者失去一切的时候，她很沮丧，但在家人的帮助下，作者改变了态度，又逐渐找回了失去的一切。 【21题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：我被一种罕见的细菌感染，失去了走路的能力，最后只能坐在轮椅上。 A. rose up站起来；B. rolled up卷起；C. ended up以……结束、最终……；D. turned up出现。由上文“I lost the ability to walk”可知，这里指作者“最终”只能坐在轮椅上度日。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我失去了朋友，他们对我失去了耐心，厌倦了等待不太可能的康复。A. temper脾气；B. patience耐心；C. cooperation合作；D. touch联系。由后下文“grew tired of waiting for an unlikely recovery”可知，这里表示朋友对作者也失去了“耐心”。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我失去了我工作了几十年来建立事业——我的独立收入来源。 A. status状态；B. wealth财富；C. fame名声；D. career生涯。由下文“my source of independent income”可知，这里指作者失去了“职业生涯”。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也失去了使命感。A. purpose目的；B. trust信任；C. loss损失；D. shame羞耻。由下文“And I lost my marriage. ”以及语境可知，作者生活没有任何期待，所以感觉失去了“使命感”，生活没有了目标，sense of purpose表“使命感”，符合语境。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：离婚后我失去了房子。A. conflict冲突；B. crisis危机；C. divorce离婚；D. departure离开。由上文“And I lost my marriage. ”可知，作者“离婚”后失去了房子。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对这些损失，大多数人会陷入绝望。 A. poverty贫困；B. despair绝望；C. confusion迷惑；D. trouble麻烦。由上文“Facing all these losses”可知，面对失去如此多的东西，人们一般会是“绝望的”。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，最重要的是，我经历了希望。A. hope希望；B. relief欣慰；C. courage勇气；D. strength力量。由上文“I did experience depression”以及but表转折可知，这里指作者在绝境中又找到了“希望”。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅可以从身体上治愈，而且可以从各个方面治愈。 A. fight打架；B. respond回答；C. twist扭曲；D. heal治愈。由下文“Then new friends 　12　　my life. ”以及本段上下文可知，这里指作者身心都得到了“治愈”。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的健康慢慢地但肯定地恢复了。A. declined拒绝；B. performed表演；C. returned返回；D. changed改变。由下文“I ate healthier foods, exercised more regularly, ”可知，这里指作者的健康又“返回”了。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我故意把健康放在首位。A. accidentally意外地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. quickly迅速地；D. deliberately有意地。由下文“made my health a top priority”以及语境可知，这里指作者“有意地”把健康放在首位。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我吃了更健康的食物，更经常地锻炼，并不断地整合冥想和瑜伽等新的减压方式。A. compared与……相比；B. discussed讨论；C. integrated整合；D. simplified简化。由下文“new ways to reduce stress like meditation and yoga.”以及语境可知，这里指作者“整合”冥想和瑜伽等新的减压方式。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后新朋友进入了我的生活。A. entered进入；B. influenced影响；C. benefited受益；D. shaped塑造。由上文“new friends”可知，这里指新朋友“进入了”作者的生活。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一种新的浪漫伴侣关系也出现了。A. friendly友好的；B. flexible灵活的；C. strategic战略的；D. romantic浪漫的。由下文“partnership”以及语境可知，这里指作者又开始了一段“浪漫的”感情。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很感激这些事件揭示了人们的本色和真正的正直。 A. revealed揭示；B. marked标记；C. preserved保护；D. recorded记录。由下文“ people’s true colors and true integrity”以及语境可知，这里指作者经历的这些好事和坏事都“揭示”人们的本色和真正的正直。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：我们只需要坚持希望。 A. get close to靠近；B. hold on to坚持；C. let go of放开；D. take notice of注意到。由上文“ I believe that my life could start over.”以及语境可知，作者这里建议我们应“坚持”希望。故选B项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently ____36____ (unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are ____37____ (current) on display. The exhibits cover a wide range of periods ____38____ include a variety of fields. The exhibition vividly describes the history of human origins, the ____39____ (form) of Chinese civilization and its development within the boundaries of China. One striking part of the exhibition is the hand axes (斧), ____40____ are fundamental tools that were created and used by early humans. They are characterized by both their aesthetic (美学的) and practical ____41____ (function). Bronzeware is another eye-catching part of the exhibition. A bronze box ____42____ Yuncheng, Shanxi Province that ____43____ (date) back to the Spring and Autumn period is famous for its elegant design. And a string-patterned stove vividly reflects the significant role that the Silk Road played in ____44____ (connect) China with the world. It is also worth noting that the design of the exhibition hall was inspired by the unique spatial (空间的) structures of the archaeological sites, offering audiences the chance ____45____ (understand) the relationship between archaeological work and its outcomes better. 【答案】36. unearthed 37. currently 38. and 39. formation 40. which 41. functions 42. from 43. dates 44. connecting 45. to understand 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国国家博物馆正在举办一场名为“鉴往知来：新时代中国考古成就展”的展览，展示了来自43家博物馆和考古机构的近400件最新出土文物，涵盖多个历史时期和领域，展示了中华文明的形成与发展，以及考古工作的重要性。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，43家博物馆和考古机构收藏的近400件最新出土文物正在展出。are是本句的谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，cultural relics和unearth为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填unearthed。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，43家博物馆和考古机构收藏的近400件最新出土文物正在展出。空处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，作状语。故填currently。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：展品涵盖了广泛的时期，包括各种领域。空处连接cover和include两个并列谓语，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：展览生动地描述了人类起源的历史、中华文明的形成及其在中国境内的发展。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，此处应用form的名词形式formation，意为“形成”，不可数名词。故填formation。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：展览的一个引人注目的部分是手斧，这是早期人类创造和使用的基本工具。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是hand axes，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们的特点是兼具美学和实用功能。根据空前形容词practical可知，空处需填名词，function在此处指“功能”，可数名词，其前无冠词，所以应用其复数形式表泛指。故填functions。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：山西运城的一个春秋时期的青铜盒子以其优雅的设计而闻名。此处表示“来自”山西运城的一个青铜盒子，应用介词from。故填from。 【43题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：山西运城的一个春秋时期的青铜盒子以其优雅的设计而闻名。空处作定语从句的谓语动词，是对客观事实的陈述，应用一般现在时，that指代先行词a bronze box，是单数主语，故谓语动词date应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：而一个串纹炉灶生动地反映了丝绸之路在连接中国与世界方面发挥的重要作用。空处位于介词in之后，应用动名词形式。故填connecting。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同样值得注意的是，展览馆的设计灵感来自考古遗址独特的空间结构，为观众提供了更好地了解考古工作与其成果之间关系的机会。名词chance后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to understand。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）你完成的作品； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers. The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted. In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生给Chris写一封信, 分享在公园上美术课的经历。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 决定：decide→determine 整个的：entire→whole 提供：offer→provide 总之：in a word→in short 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers. 拓展句：Because I was inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, which was surrounded by blooming flowers. 【点睛】[高分句型1]We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. (that引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.(as引导的时间状语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Para 1 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure. Para 2 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次因风暴延误的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租车前往车站赶最后一班去布拉格的公共汽车。司机冈特不熟悉车站位置，通过电话求助后顺利抵达。到达时作者却发现自己没带现金，尝试用葡萄牙银行卡支付没有成功，而车站的取款机也故障了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我跑回到冈特那里，告诉他这个坏消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者留下冈特的电话，承诺会还钱给对方，冈特同意，最终作者及时登上了公共汽车。 ②由第二段首句内容“四天后，当我回到维也纳时，我按照承诺给冈特打了电话。”可知，第二段可描写作者付费给冈特，并向对方表示感激，两人成为了好朋友。 2.续写线索：作者给出解决办法——承诺还钱——冈特同意——作者登上公共汽车——履行承诺还钱——两人成为朋友 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①拒绝：reject/refuse ②给某人拥抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb. ③记下，写下：write down/set down 情绪类 ①难以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably ②开心地：happily/joyfully 【点睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句，that引导的限制性定语从句） 听力1—5 ABCBA 6—10 ACACB 11—15 CCBCC 16—20 BABAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2022级高三上学期第1次测试（开学考） 英语试题 （试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Linda love most about Chongqing? A. The food. B. The people. C. The landscape. 2. Where does Jason’s mother come from? A. Spain. B. Mexico. C. America. 3. What makes the woman choose the zoo? A. Its size. B. Its location. C. Its design. 4. What does the woman think of the man’s deed? A. Stupid. B. Great. C. Confusing. 5. How would the woman like to watch movies? A. At the cinema. B. On the computer. C. On the smartphone. 第二节、(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6-7题。 6. What is Karen’s favorite leisure time activity? A. Gardening. B. Reading books. C. Collecting stamps. 7. How many stamps has the man collected? A. 100. B. 150. C. 200. 听第7段材料，回答第8-10题。 8. How old should a child be to go to the camp? A. At least 3 years old. B. At least 9 years old. C. At least 19 years old. 9. What do older children mainly learn in the class? A. Basic dance skills. B. Different styles of dance. C. Challenging ballet movements. 10. What will the speakers do next? A. Book a class online. B. Find out the camp’s price. C. Tell Amy about the camp. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Guy Parker-Rees do for the book? A. He wrote the story. B. He financed it. C. He drew its paintings. 12. What did John decide to do after reading the book? A. Learn to admire others. B. Keep learning new things. C. Appreciate his own strengths. 13. Where did John get the book? A. From a bookstore. B. From a library. C. From a friend. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What record does Zuriel Oduwole hold? A. The filmmaker of making the most films. B. The most famous filmmaker at the moment. C. The youngest filmmaker in the film industry ever. 15. Why did Zuriel Oduwole make films? A. To make some money. B. To draw attention to African lives. C. To promote education for African girls. 16. What does the woman say about Zuriel Oduwole? A. She is brave. B. She is inspiring. C. She is confident. 17. What is most probably the woman? A. An athlete. B. A coach. C. An actress. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s opinion on learning after leaving school? A. It’s popular. B. It’s important. C. It’s challenging. 19. What does the speaker love doing most? A. Traveling to new places. B. Joining peer groups. C. Reading books. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to get a better tutor. B. How to develop new hobbies. C. How to become a lifelong learner. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A There are tons of physics textbooks available around the world. Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics This book is a collection of online teachings by Professor R. Shankar. Shankar is one of the first to be involved in the innovative Open Yale Courses program. It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. The new and improved 10th edition features multi-media resources, and questions to test students’ understanding of each concept. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Richard Feynman is regarded as one of the greatest teachers of physics to walk the face of the earth. This book is a collection of Feynman’s lectures. In his words, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, formed the basis of this book. University Physics with Modern Physics The book is recognized for teaching and applying principles of physics through a narrative (叙事的) method. To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding. 1 What do the first two books have in common? A. They are improved editions. B. They are written by professors. C. They favor students of engineering. D. They feature multi-media resources. 2. Which book best suits students who enjoy learning physics through practical examples? A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics. B. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering. C. The Feynman Lectures on Physics. D. University Physics with Modern Physics. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An online article. B. A research paper. C. A physics textbook. D. A science journal. B College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 4. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To offer background information about Carvey. B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 5. What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use. 6. What can we learn about AuREUS? A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production. C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D. It can make waste advantageous. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble. C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible. C Is diet soda safe? If you’re concerned about sugar, diet products seem a better option, sweet and not so bad for you. Wrong! Drinking diet soda regularly can increase your risk of diseases. Despite the fact that we call these drinks “diet”, the artificial sweeteners they contain are linked to weight gain, not loss. There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School. The team drew upon a data set of nearly 32,000 female nurses, ages 42 to 62 when the study began. It turned out that the nurses who consumed the most diet drinks had a 37 percent higher chance of depression, compared to those who drank the least or none. Diet soda also increases your risk of stroke (中风), according to a separate meta-analysis that included 72 studies. Looking for the causes behind the stroke, researchers took various blood measurements when 12 healthy volunteers in their 20s drank water, soda, or diet soda. The result showed that both sodas slowed the flow of blood within the brain. Though the effect didn’t seem sufficient to cause stroke, slower blood flow could have accumulating effects. Other researchers have found that diet soda increases the risk of dementia (痴呆), from data from nearly 178,000 volunteers tracked over an average of nine years. That’s not a big surprise. An earlier study of about 4,300 volunteers concluded that drinking diet soda every day was tied to three times the risk of dementia over the following decade. The researchers looked at brain scans and the results of mental function assessments. A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains and aggravates long-term memory, two risk factors for dementia. Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily. So you know what to do. 8. How does the author present his point of view? A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving opinions. C. By quoting specialists. D. By presenting research. 9. What effect might diet soda have on people? A. Slight weight loss. B. Increased blood flow. C. Raised depression risk. D. Severe mental decline. 10. Which can best replace the underlined word “aggravates” in paragraph 4? A. Deletes. B. Worsens. C. Motivates. D. Stimulates. 11. What might the author advise us to do? A. Quit consuming diet sodas. B. Limit the daily sugar intake. C. Set achievable health goals. D. Follow fixed aging process. D Recent developments in robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have brought us in the eye of the storm of a new automation age. About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. Automation can enable businesses to improve performance by reducing errors and improving quality and speed, and in some cases achieving outcomes that go beyond human capabilities. At a time of weak productivity growth worldwide, automation technologies can provide the much-needed promotion of economic growth, according to the report. Automation could raise productivity growth globally by 0.8 percent to 1.4 percent. At a global level, technically automated activities involved 1.1 billion employees and 11.9 trillion U.S. dollars in wages, the report said. The report also showed that activities most influenced by automation were physical ones in highly structured and predictable environments, as well as data collection and processing. In the United States, these activities make up 51 percent of activities in the economy, accounting for almost 2.7 trillion dollars in wages. They are most common in production, accommodation and food service, and the retail (零售) trade. And it’s not just low-skill, low-wage work that is likely to be influenced by automation; middle-skill and high-paying, high-skill occupations, too, have a degree of automation potential. The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive (认知的) capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. 12. What is the report mainly about? A. Comparisons of robots with humans. B. Analysis of automation’s potential in economy. C. Prediction of the unemployment problem. D. Explanations of the concept of the automation age. 13. What might happen in 2055 according to the text? A. Automation will cause weak productivity growth. B. Automation will reduce employees’ wages. C Activities like data collection and processing will disappear. D. Activities involve feeling emotions can be performed by robots. 14. How does the author feel about human workers? A. Worried. B. Mixed. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Automation: A challenge to all? B. Automation: Where to go from here? C. Automation: Who is the eventual winner? D. Automation: A future replacement for humans? 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sustainable travel is now one of the fastest-growing movements. Its goal is to meet the needs of the tourism industry without harming natural and cultural environments. ____16____ Here are some concrete ways to reduce your environmental impact as a traveler. ____17____ Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away. It’s the art of exploration, discovery and getting out of your comfort zone, all of which can just as well be nearby. Find somewhere nearby you haven’t been, get in your car, and go for a visit. You never know what you’ll come across. Make greener transportation choices. After walking, public transportation is the next best way to explore new destinations. ____18____ When it comes to longer distances, buses and trains are your best way of getting around, both of which can be quite an experience in and of itself. Avoid over-visited destinations. If you can, avoid places with over-tourism. You’ll find fewer crowds and lower prices, and you also won’t be putting as much pressure on local communities struggling to keep up. And, from a personal-enjoyment point of view, who wants to deal with crowds or long lines? No one. ____19____ Take a nature-related trip. If you want to better understand and appreciate the natural world, try taking a trip with the single purpose of connecting with nature. ____20____ I promise that when you come home, you’ll have a new viewpoint on why we’re all so focused on being environmentally friendly these days. A. Stay close to home. B. Find an ideal place to explore. C. Sustainable travel can be useful to support communities. D. Not only is it better for the environment, but it’s cheaper as well. E Get in touch with the world in a way that sitting at home doesn’t. F. If not managed properly, tourism can have incredibly negative impacts. G. Visiting less-visited destinations can be much more enjoyable and rewarding. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There was a time in my life when I lost everything. Infected by a rare bacterium, I lost the ability to walk and ____21____ in a wheelchair. For a whole year, I was bedbound. After that, I lost everything else. I lost friends, who lost ____22____ with me and grew tired of waiting for an unlikely recovery. I lost my ____23____ which I had worked for decades to build — my source of independent income. There went my sense of ____24____ too. And I lost my marriage. I lost my house after the ____25____. I had nowhere to live and had to move back in with my parents. Facing all these losses, most people would fall into ____26____. And I did experience depression. But, most of all, I experienced ____27____. I believe that my life could start over. I could ____28____ not only physically but in all ways. My health ____29____ slowly but surely. I ____30____ made my health a top priority. I ate healthier foods, exercised more regularly, and constantly ____31____ new ways to reduce stress like meditation and yoga. Then new friends ____32____ my life. A new job presented itself. A new ____33____ partnership presented itself as well. I was grateful that these events ____34____ people’s true colors and true integrity. When bad things happen, it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need to ____35____ hope. It was more important than anything else. 21. A. rose up B. rolled up C. ended up D. turned up 22. A. temper B. patience C. cooperation D. touch 23. A. status B. wealth C. fame D. career 24. A. purpose B. trust C. loss D. shame 25. A. conflict B. crisis C. divorce D. departure 26. A. poverty B. despair C. confusion D. trouble 27. A. hope B. relief C. courage D. strength 28. A. fight B. respond C. twist D. heal 29. A. declined B. performed C. returned D. changed 30. A. accidentally B. cautiously C. quickly D. deliberately 31. A. compared B. discussed C. integrated D. simplified 32. A. entered B. influenced C. benefited D. shaped 33. A. friendly B. flexible C. strategic D. romantic 34. A. revealed B. marked C. preserved D. recorded 35. A. get close to B. hold on to C. let go of D. take notice of 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently ____36____ (unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are ____37____ (current) on display. The exhibits cover a wide range of periods ____38____ include a variety of fields. The exhibition vividly describes the history of human origins, the ____39____ (form) of Chinese civilization and its development within the boundaries of China. One striking part of the exhibition is the hand axes (斧), ____40____ are fundamental tools that were created and used by early humans. They are characterized by both their aesthetic (美学的) and practical ____41____ (function). Bronzeware is another eye-catching part of the exhibition. A bronze box ____42____ Yuncheng, Shanxi Province that ____43____ (date) back to the Spring and Autumn period is famous for its elegant design. And a string-patterned stove vividly reflects the significant role that the Silk Road played in ____44____ (connect) China with the world. It is also worth noting that the design of the exhibition hall was inspired by the unique spatial (空间的) structures of the archaeological sites, offering audiences the chance ____45____ (understand) the relationship between archaeological work and its outcomes better. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）你完成的作品； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1—5 ABCBA 6—10 ACACB 11—15 CCBCC 16—20 BABAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$