云南省昆明市五华区云南师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题

块冶风在 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答 题卡上填写清楚。 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟 的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每 段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the woman want to do? A.Catch up on much work. B.Go out for dinner. C.Visit Sarah with the man. 2.Where will Jenny further her study next year? A.To Britain. B.To America. C.To China. 3.What sport did Steve play? A.Basketball. B.Football. C.Tennis. 4.What is the man going to do? A.Stay at home. B.Go hiking. C.Visit a museum. 5.What will the weather probably be like tomorrow? A.Sunny. B.Snowy. C.Rainy. 英语·第1页（共12页） 口口口 维护权益严禁提前考试第一举报者重奖1000元电话：(0)18987573845 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒 钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6.Which name was finally set on the student card? A.Alexander. B.Jonathan. C.Rutherford. 7.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.In the reading room. B.In the dining hall. C.At the registration office. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8.How long does Lisa probably spend playing the piano each day? A.One hour. B.Two hours. C.Three hours. 9.What does the boy mean in the end? A.He is very interested in drawing. B.He wants to have more flexible time. C.He doesn't have time to play the guitar. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第13四个小题。 10.Where does Mark usually read news now? A.In a newspaper. B.In a magazine. C.On the Internet. 11.What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A.It has a small glass window. B.It can make a pizza in a short time. C.It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 2.What does the woman think of the machine? A.It might not be popular. B.It is quite necessary. C.It will certainly succeed. 13.What is an advantage of the machine? A.The 24-hour service. B.Tasty pizza made by it. C.The low production cost. ■■ 英语·第2页（共12页） 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Husband and wife. B.Host and housekeeper. C.Parent and babysitter 15.What does the man expect the woman to do? A.Make herself feel at ease. B.Put on a performance. C.Help Rick with his homework Io.What should the woman avoid doing? A.Using the dishwasher. B.Leaving the children alone C.Giving cookies to the children. 17.What do we know about the man? A.He likes singing. B.He is familiar with Linette. C.He knows his children well. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18.What has the dragon traditionally symbolized in Chinese culture? A.Wealth and wisdom. B.Power and mystery. C.Peace and harmony 19.Which dynasties did the Forbidden City serve as the royal palace? A.Tang and Song Dynasties. B.Yuan and Ming Dynasties. C.Ming and Qing Dynasties. 20.What role do the dragons appear to fulfill? A.Guardians of the ancient palaces. B.Representations of annual festivals. C.Reflection of the emperor's power. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）】 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）》 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A There's nothing more magical than spending a long,dreamy evening watching a bit o theatre.Here we've put together a list of the best ones to visit across the UK. Grosvenor Park,Chester Every summer come July,Storyhouse theatre packs up their props,moves sideways dow the road and builds an entire amphitheatre（露天剧场)in Grosvenor Park. 英语·第3页（共12页） 口口c 维护权益严禁提前考试第一举报者重奖1000元电话：(0)18987573845 The Gangs of New York-a new adaptation written by Kieran Lynn and directed by John Young will be on show here.I don't think this story has ever been staged before and it seems like a wild pick for a summer outdoor show. Thorington Theatre,Suffolk A new and beautiful addition to the outdoor theatre world built in a natural amphitheatre hidden in the Suffolk woodlands. This year's programme includes family favorites such as Teddy Bear's Picnic and The Little Mermaid. Minack Theatre,Cornwall Built into a cliff face in Porthcurno,you hardly need an excuse to visit this theatre;seeing anything at all,back dropped by the sky-blue Cornish sea,will be an unforgettable experience. You can also now order a picnic from the local supper club Husk to meet you an hour before your show in an adjoining field. If you want a show particularly fitting for this unique surrounding,check out The Pirates of Penzance played in September. Roman Theatre Open Air Festival,St Alban's Situated in the country's oldest theatre,this year the festival offers a mix of straight classics,modern retelling and brand-new scripts. The whole line-up looks excellent but I'm a sucker for any production of Sondheim's Into the Woods,and as the name suggests,there's no better place to see it than an outdoor theatre. 21.Which of the following best describes"The Gangs of New York"? A.A cross-cultural adaptation. B.A traditional summer show. C.A new and unconventional choice. D.A well-performed Shakespeare story. 22.How does Husk contribute to the experience at Minack Theatre? A.By organizing guided tours. B.By providing picnic options. C.By offering backstage passes. D.By hosting manual workshops. 23.What do the four theatres have in common? A.They put on unrealistic dramas. B.They are in harmony with nature. C.They are welcomed by the children. D.They enjoy sound reputation in winter. 英语·第4页（共12页） B We've all encountered that person who comes back from the gym or a run seemingly high on life.Scientists say that even a single exercise period can alter your neurochemistry in ways that create feelings of hope,calm,connection,and a generally better mood.However,some people feel worn out after a workout."It's normal not to find exercise rewarding,"said Daniel Lieberman,a scientist at Harvard University."There's nothing wrong with you." Recent discoveries reveal that exercise produces a complex cocktail of "feel-good" chemicals,not just endorphins.Key players include endocannabinoids,which create a rush of excitement,dopamine,which creates a sense of reward,serotonin,which helps you feel focused and calm,and oxytocin,which enhances social connections. The body likely evolved to respond to physical activity to help early humans endure hours of hunting and gathering.The first 20 to 30 minutes of exercise often feel challenging because it takes about that long for the endocannabinoid system to lift your mood.Consistent exercise over about three weeks helps develop a strong dopamine reward system,making exercise more rewarding over time. Exercising with friends or in groups can provide an additional oxytocin boost,enhancing social connections.All types of exercise,including aerobic,resistance,and mindfulness practices like yoga,release mood-enhancing chemicals.It's beneficial to find activities you enjoy or at least don't hate to ensure consistent engagement. To optimize your exercise routine,experiment with different types of activities until you find one you love,and track your mood and enjoyment to guide your choices. 24.What does the phrase "high on life"in paragraph 1 probably mean? A.Exploring something novel. B.Experiencing overall happiness. C.Achieving a new perspective. D.Cultivating a sense of gratitude. 25.How does the body's response to exercise help with endurance? A.By reducing energy spending. B.By conserving muscle strength C.By decreasing oxygen consumption. D.By improving mood and motivation. 26.Why is it suggested to find an activity you like according to the text? A.To nurture close friendships. B.To facilitate forgetting concerns. C.To support long-term involvement. D.To maintain physical fitness levels. 英语·第5页（共12页） 维护权益严禁提前考试第一举报者重奖1000元电话：(0)18987573845 27.What does the text mainly talk about? A.Exercise releases multiple chemicals. B.Exercise promotes emotional balance. C.Exercise increases specific health conditions. D.Exercise boosts mood via chemical releases. C The Antarctic,a continent encircled by ocean,faces far-reaching threats from global warming,often underappreciated due to its remoteness and perceived stability.However,this perception is changing as the continent shows alarming signs of significant melting,with serious global consequences.As Antarctica melts,the gravitational pull of its shrinking ice weakens, causing sea levels elsewhere to rise faster,disproportionately(过度地、不成比例地)affecting North America,Australia,and Oceania. Melting ice sheets do more than raise sea levels;they alter atmospheric circulation, impacting weather in regions like the Sahel and Amazonia.Additionally,the Southern Ocean,a major carbon sink,absorbs 40%of the oceans'carbon dioxide annually.Warming reduces this absorption,further affected by the flowing of trillions of tonnes of freshwater from melting ice, which alters ocean currents. Despite these urgent issues,some countries are cutting Antarctic research budgets,a shortsighted move that restricts critical measurement and modeling of ice sheets.Addressing this deficiency (is essential for understanding and easing the escalating crisis.The implications of the worsening situation need to be properly appreciated and planned for, requiring swift action to improve the study of ice sheets,atmosphere,and ocean currents. If the Antarctic continues to melt,the consequences will extend far beyond rising sea levels. It will cause shifts in atmospheric circulation that affect weather patterns globally and reduce the ocean's ability to absorb carbon dioxide,worsening climate change.This underlines the urgency of increasing investment in Antarctic research to better predict and manage the impacts of global warming. The need for comprehensive measurement and modeling of ice sheets is critical,as current understanding is outdated behind the study of the atmosphere and ocean currents.Governments must prioritize and fund Antarctic research to address these challenges effectively and ensure global preparedness for the changes already underway. 28.What does the melting of Antarctic ice primarily impact? A.Local ecosystems. B.Ocean temperature. C.Global sea levels. D.Atmospheric pressure. 英语·第6页（共12页） 29.What effect does freshwater from melting ice have on the Southern Ocean? A.It enhances the ocean's ability to absorb carbon dioxide. B.It disturbs ocean currents and lowers carbon dioxide absorption. C.It stabilizes ocean currents and increases carbon dioxide absorption. D.It leaves the Southern Ocean's carbon absorption capacity unchanged. 30.What does the text imply about current Antarctic research funding levels? A.They must be expanded to manage the crisis. B.They might be adequate to respond to the crisis. C.They should be minimized to a smaller amount. D.They can be less crucial for climate understanding. 31.Where is the text most probably taken from? A.A science-themed book B.A policy-focused report. C.A climate-oriented proposal. D.A marine-centred curriculum. D Getting a clear sense of what happens inside the brain,why it happens,and its importance to the human experience are monumental challenges. Despite the odds,neuroscientists continue to move forward with determination and persistence.And they have made incredible progress over recent decades.Some of these brave souls investigate a particularly difficult-to-study topic:sleep. Although every human who has ever lived on Earth has experienced this phenomenon,sleep is still covered in mystery.We do not understand the full story,but it is now clear that one of sleep's roles is to solidify,or consolidate memories. Scientists believe that during waking hours,our brains are ready to make or "encode"new memories.But during sleep,our brains switch to consolidation mode.When you first learn something during the day,your brain lays down a "memory trace."Initially,this trace is particularly susceptible to disturbances.In other words,it is easy to forget.Then,during sleep, this memory is consolidated-the memory trace is stabilized.On a cellular level,memories are formed by changing the strength of synaptic connections in a network that represents a memory.During sleep,synapses -the connections between brain cells-are remodeled, producing permanent changes that solidify the memory trace,helping create long-term memories. Researchers have shown that going to sleep shortly after learning something helps the brain consolidate declarative memories more efficiently.What is declarative memory?Declarative memory is defined as recalling events and facts,such as the name of your friends and what you ate last night. 英语·第7页（共12页） 口口口 维护权益严禁提前考试第一举报者重奖1000元电话：(0)18987573845 In one study,researchers asked participants to learn word pairs.They found that people who went to sleep shortly after the task performed better 24 hours later than those who did not sleep until longer after the task.Another study,which involved high school students learning new vocabulary had similar results:Those who went to sleep just a few hours after learning sustained memories better than those who went to sleep many hours after learning. 32.What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A.How memory consolidation works. B.What strengthens memory traces. C.Why new memories are removed. D.How sleep blocks long-term memory. 33.What is declarative memory according to the passage? A.Remembering historical events. B.Remembering how to ride a bike. C.Remembering the feeling of love. D.Remembering how to tie shoelaces. 34.What similarity is noted between the two studies in the last paragraph? A.Both involved different age groups. B.Both used identical experimental data. C.Both focused on physical health impacts. D.Both found sleep timing affected memory. 35.What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A.To explore how sleep benefits memory. B.To examine why sleep maintains brain activity. C.To investigate why extended sleep affects health. D.To illustrate how the brain functions during sleep. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。 The quote "There is nothing noble in being superior to your fellow man;true nobility is being superior to your former self."is often attributed to Ernest Hemingway.30 At its core, the quote encourages us to reflect on what true nobility means and where it can be found. The first part of the quote,"There is nothing noble in being superior to your fellow man," stresses the idea that the pursuit of superiority over others is not internally noble.Often,people are driven to compete,compare,or advocate dominance over their peers.137 However, 英语·第8页（共12页） Hemingway suggests that this form of superiority,achieved at the expense of others,lacks true nobility.It can lead to bighead,division,and a sense of emptiness. 38 That"true nobility is being superior to your former self"emphasizes the idea that the most meaningful and virtuous form of superiority is one's continual self-improvement and personal growth instead of measuring oneself against others.Individuals should strive to become better versions of themselves. What is the concept of self-improvement?It implies a commitment to self-awareness. 39 It suggests that nobility is found in the modesty to acknowledge one's flaws (and weaknesses,and the determination to overcome them.It's about learning,evolving,and becoming a more merciful,.empathetic(共情的)，and virtuous individual. In essence,Hemingway's quote invites us to reevaluate our priorities and values.It encourages us to shift our focus from external comparisons and competitions to the inner journey of self-improvemont and growth.True nobility lies not in outshining others but in outgrowing our former selves.10 A.It's the pursuit of personal goals and values. B.Self-discipline is an essential aspect of human existence. C.The quote also offers an alternative perspective on nobility. D.They believe it to be a mark of success or a good reputation. E.The quote explores the concept of nobility and personal growth. F.That will truly help us become the best versions of who we can be. G.So try to find alternative solutions and adjust the exceptions accordingly. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 Two Oak Park High School students are being celebrated as heroes after saving their physical education teacher,Alfred Kattola,.from cardiac arrest（心脏骤停).The dramatic incident 41 during a routine student-teacher basketball game when Kattola suddenly felt unwell before 42 in the gym. "Medically,I was gone,"Kattola 43 Fox 2 Detroit,reflecting on the terrifying moment. Without 44,Isreal DuBose and Correy Coleman,both juniors at Oak Park High,dived into action.45 the CPR and first aid skills they had learned just months earlier in a health sciences class,the two began administering 46 measures. 英语·第9页（共12页） 雏护权益严禁提前考试第-一举报者重奖1000元电话：(0)18987573845 "We thought we might 47 it at some point in our lives,but not that soon,"Coleman said."We're sitting in the bleachers...I just knew I had to do something,"DuBose said."I began compressions(胸部按压)and around two and a half48_of compressions,the AED was brought and Correy placed the AED pads." Their swift and 49 actions played a key role in keeping their teacher 50. Paramedics arrived promptly,and Kattola was 51 to a local hospital for further treatment. 52,he returned to school the following week,thanks to the timely 53 of his students Kattola reunited with the girls to 54 them for saving his life. "I don't have too much to 55 other than I love you guys,"he said."What more can a teacher say??” 41.A.passed B.unfolded C.developed D.persisted 42.A.collapsing B.jumping C.shouting D.stretching 43.A.turned to B.submitted to C.revealed to D.listened to 44.A.explanation B.hesitation C.exception D.permission 45.A.Inventing B.Demonstrating C.Acquiring D.Employing 46.A.life-saving B.health-promoting C.skill-building D.time-saving 47.A.improve B.adjust C.perform D.reform 48.A.years B.seconds C.rounds D.months 49.在.innovative B.decisive C.routine D.creative 30.A.assured B.absorbed C.adapted D.alive 31.A.returned B.advised C.referred D.rushed 52.A.Incredibly B.Gradually C.Nervously D.Deliberately 53.A.assistance B.feedback C.guidance D.preparation 54.A.honour B.thank C.praise D.reward 55.A.share B.introduce C.express D.contribute 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over two thousand years ago,Zhang Qian embarked on a journey that would not only alter the course of Chinese history but also lay the groundwork for the Silk Road.As China's first envoy to Central Asia,Zhang Qian traveled through is now Tajikistan,passing by the ancient Gissar Fortress.His 57(pioneer&efforts in diplomacy and trade opened unprecedented avenues for cultural and commercial exchanges between the East and the West. 英语·第10页（共12页）★ 秘密 ★ 因涉及考试内容，请老师妥善保管，避免泄漏 云南师大附中2025届高考适应性月考卷（三）·双向细目表 英 语 题号 题型 分值 试题内容 难度系数 备注 1-20 听力 30分 符合全国英语等级考试（二级）要求 中 21-35 阅读理解 50分 A篇 应用文：介绍了英国四个夏日戏剧盛宴。 易 B篇 说明文：锻炼会产生复杂的“感觉良好”化学物质 改善我们的情绪。 中 C篇 说明文：南极洲由于其偏远和稳定的形象，全球变 暖带来的威胁常被忽视。 难 D篇 说明文：睡眠与记忆。 中 36-40 七选五 说明文：真正的高贵是优于过去的自己。 易 41-55 完形填空 15分 记叙文：学生在校学习的急救方法拯救了老师的生命。 中 56-65 语法填空 15分 说明文：张骞出使西域的影响。 中 写作1 15分 应用文：劳动教育实践活动 —— 一次做菜经历。 中 写作2 25分 读后续写：描述了一个宁静的湖畔社区中，年轻女孩艾米丽通过绘制并隐藏彩绘石头给居民带来意外欢乐的故事。 中 命题 原则 达成 目标 优秀率 及格率 平均分 5-10% 85%-90% 110分-115分 1. 以新课程标准和新高考为依据； 2. 以人教版新课标高中英语课本为基础； 3. 以立德树人、学科素养、关键能力、必备知识为根本，注重基础知识的全面考查，重 视综合运用英语能力的检测，强调基础性、综合性、应用性、创造性； 4. 选材目标：题材广泛，体裁多样，贴近生活，与时俱进，内容健康； 5. 命题思想：渗透思政教育，凸显五育并举，具有知识性、文化性、科学性、育人性、 交际性。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 英语参考答案·第 1 页（共 12 页） 英语参考答案 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 1~5 ACBBC 6~10 ACCBC 11~15 BAACA 16~20 BCBCA 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 21~25 CBBBD 26~30 CDCBA 31~35 CAADA 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 36~40 EDCAF 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 41~45 BACBD 46~50 ACCBD 51~55 DAABC 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 56．what 57．pioneering 58．existence 59．legacies 60．are crafted 61．fostered 62．are 63．bridged 64．on 65．and 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 【参考范文】 Dear Chris， I hope you’re doing well! I want to share a little cooking experiment I embarked on this past weekend．During our family gathering，I decided to make a stir-fried chicken dish with a mixture of vibrant vegetables． The process was both immersive and rewarding．I began by preparing the chicken，allowing the flavors to fully develop，before delicately stir-frying it with fresh，crisp vegetables like carrots，green peppers，and onions．The entire experience was truly gratifying． The dish was met with enthusiastic approval from my family，which made the effort even more worthwhile．More than just a meal，it was a reminder of how food can bring people together and the joy that comes from crafting something with care．I’m now inspired to explore more complex recipes and see where this newfound passion will take me． I’m curious to hear what you’ve been up to lately．Let’s catch up soon! Warm regards， Li Hua 英语参考答案·第 2 页（共 12 页） 第二节（满分 25 分） 【参考范文】 Children are especially enchanted by Emily’s creations．They race around the lake，turning over every stone in hopes of finding one of her masterpieces．The beautifully painted rocks have sparked their imaginations， leading to enchanting stories of fairies， hidden treasures， and secret messages．Emily’s rocks have not only beautified their natural environment but have also enriched their childhoods with creativity and wonder．Each rock they find is like discovering a new chapter in a magical storybook，filling their days with joy and excitement．Her art has become a cherished part of their playtime，inspiring endless adventures and memories they will treasure forever． Emily’s generosity does not go unnoticed．The community has rallied around her，organizing events to support her art and celebrating her contributions．Local shops have started donating supplies，ensuring she has everything she needs to continue her work．Neighbors often leave notes of gratitude at her door，expressing their appreciation for the beauty and joy she brings．The sense of community has deepened，with Emily’s rocks acting as a driver of connection and kindness．Her art has not only brightened the landscape but has also fostered a spirit of togetherness，making the neighborhood feel more united and supportive than ever before． 【解析】 第二部分 阅读 第一节 A 体裁：应用文 主题语境：人与社会 — 夏日戏剧盛宴 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了英国四个夏日戏剧盛宴的概况和主要特征。 21．C 细节理解题。考查学生快速查找所需信息的能力。根据 Grosvenor Park，Chester 部 分第二段“The Gangs of New York — a new adaptation written by Kieran Lynn and directed by John Young will be on show here．I don’t think this story has ever been staged before and it seems like a wild pick for a summer outdoor show．”可知，《纽约黑帮》—— 这是基兰·林恩（Kieran Lynn）撰写的新改编剧本，由约翰·杨（John Young）执导。 这个故事以前从未被搬上舞台过，选择它作为夏季户外演出似乎是一个大胆的决定， 故选 C。 22．B 细节理解题。考查学生快速查找所需信息的能力。根据文章 Minack Theatre， Cornwall 部分的第一段最后一句“You can also now order a picnic from the local supper club Husk to meet you an hour before your show in an adjoining field．”可知，你现在也可 以从当地的晚餐俱乐部订购野餐，在你演出前一小时在附近的场地取货，故选 B。 英语参考答案·第 3 页（共 12 页） 23．B 细节理解题。考查学生快速查找、理解、综合所需信息的能力。根据文章可知四个剧 院都与大自然和谐共存的，故选 B。 B 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会 — 健康的生活方式 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。锻炼会产生复杂的“感觉良好”化学物质改善我们的 情绪。 24．B 词意猜测题。本题考查考生根据上下文推断短语含义的能力。根据文章第一段第一、 二句“We’ve all encountered that person who comes back from the gym or a run seemingly high on life．Scientists say that even a single exercise period can alter your neurochemistry in ways that create feelings of hope，calm，connection，and a generally better mood．”可 知，我们都遇到过那种从健身房或跑步回来，似乎对生活充满激情的，享受生活每一 刻的人。科学家说，即使是一次锻炼也能改变你的神经化学反应，带来希望、平静、 连接感和整体更好的情绪，故选 B。 25．D 推理判断题。本题考查考生理解具体信息，并根据所给信息进行推断的能力。题目意 为：身体对运动的反应如何有肋于运动的持久性？根据文章第三段可知，身体可能进 化出对体力活动的这种反应，以帮助早期人类在狩猎和采集中坚持不懈。锻炼的前 20 到 30 分钟通常感觉很艰难，因为需要大约这么长时间内源性大麻素系统才能提升情绪。 持续锻炼大约三周有助于建立一个强大的多巴胺奖励系统，使锻炼随着时间的推移变 得更有回报，故选 D。 26．C 细节理解题。考查学生快速查找、理解、综合所需信息的能力。根据文章第四段内容 “Exercising with friends or in groups can provide an additional oxytocin boost，enhancing social connections．All types of exercise，including aerobic，resistance，and mindfulness practices like yoga，release mood-enhancing chemicals．It’s beneficial to find activities you enjoy or at least don’t hate to ensure consistent engagement．”可知与朋友或团体一起锻 炼可以提供额外的催产素提升，增强社交连接。所有类型的锻炼，包括有氧运动、阻 力训练和瑜伽等正念练习，都会释放改善情绪的化学物质。找到你喜欢的或至少不讨 厌的活动有助于确保持续参与，故选 C。 27．D 主旨大意题。本题考查考生概括文章主旨要义的能力。文章主要讨论了锻炼对身体和 心理的积极影响。科学家们发现，锻炼不仅会产生内啡肽，还会释放一系列复杂的“感 觉良好”化学物质，如内源性大麻素、多巴胺、血清素和催产素，这些化学物质有助 于提升情绪、增强专注感和社交连接。虽然有些人在锻炼后感到疲惫，但持续的锻炼 可以建立一个强大的多巴胺奖励系统，使锻炼变得更加有回报。为了维持长期的锻炼 习惯，建议找到自己喜欢的运动类型，并通过与朋友一起锻炼来增强动力，故选 D。 英语参考答案·第 4 页（共 12 页） C 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自然 — 环境保护 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。南极洲由于其偏远和稳定的形象，全球变暖带来的威 胁常被忽视。 28．C 细节理解题。考查学生快速查找、理解、综合所需信息的能力。根据文章第一段的内 容可知南极洲，一个被海洋包围的大陆，正面临全球变暖的深刻威胁，因其偏远性和 被认为相对稳定而常被忽视。然而，随着南极洲出现显著融化的令人担忧的迹象，并 带来严重的全球影响，这种看法正在改变。随着南极洲的融化，其缩小的冰层的引力 减弱，导致其他地方的海平面上升更快，尤其对北美、澳大利亚和大洋洲的影响尤为 显著，故选 C。 29．B 细节理解题。考查学生快速查找、理解、综合所需信息的能力。根据第二段第二、三 句“Additionally，the Southern Ocean，a major carbon sink，absorbs 40% of the oceans’ carbon dioxide annually．Warming reduces this absorption，further affected by the flowing of trillions of tonnes of freshwater from melting ice，which alters ocean currents．” 可知， 南大洋是一个重要的碳汇，每年吸收全球海洋 40%的二氧化碳。气温升高会减少这种 吸收，而融化冰川带来的数万亿吨淡水涌入海洋，也进一步改变了洋流，故选 B。 30．A 推理判断题。本题考查考生理解具体信息，并根据所给信息进行推断的能力。根据第 三段以及第四段可知，尽管这些问题迫在眉睫，一些国家却在削减南极研究预算，这 种目光短浅的做法阻碍了对冰盖的关键测量和建模。解决这一问题对于理解和缓解日 益加剧的危机至关重要。南极洲融化加剧的后果不仅仅是海平面上升，它将导致大气 循环的变化，影响全球的天气模式，并减少海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力，从而加剧气候 变化。这凸显了增加对南极研究投资的紧迫性，以更好地预测和应对全球变暖的影响， 故选 A。 31．C 文章出处题。本文是一篇说明文，文本讨论了与气候变化相关的问题，尤其是南极洲 融化对全球气候和海平面的影响。这种讨论通常出现在以气候为中心的提案或研究 中，而非一般的书籍、课程或政策报告。因此，C 选项最为合适。故选 C。 D 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会 — 科学研究 — 睡眠与记忆 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。了解大脑内部发生的事情、为什么会发生以及它对人 类体验的重要性是巨大的挑战。尽管困难重重，神经科学家们依然不断前进，并在最近几十 年取得了令人惊叹的进展。其中一些勇敢的科学家研究了一个特别难以研究的主题：睡眠。 英语参考答案·第 5 页（共 12 页） 32．A 主旨大意题。本题考查考生概括文章段落主旨要义的能力。根据文章第四段可知：科 学家们认为，在清醒的时候，我们的大脑准备好形成或“编码”新的记忆。然而，在 睡眠时，大脑会切换到“巩固模式”。当你在白天第一次学习某件事时，大脑会形成 一个“记忆痕迹”。最初，这个痕迹对干扰特别敏感，也就是说，容易被遗忘。然后， 在睡眠中，这个记忆会得到巩固——记忆痕迹被稳定下来。在细胞层面上，记忆是通 过改变神经突触之间的连接强度来形成的。睡眠期间，突触——即脑细胞之间的连接 ——会被重塑，从而产生永久的变化，这些变化巩固了记忆痕迹，帮助形成长期记忆。 本段落大意是记忆如何在睡眠中得到巩固和稳定。故选 A。 33．A 推理判断题。本题考查考生理解具体信息，并根据所给信息进行推断的能力。根据第 五段最后一句“What is declarative memory? Declarative memory is defined as recalling events and facts，such as the name of your friends and what you ate last night．”可知，通 常情况下，陈述性记忆被定义为记住事件和事实，例如你朋友的名字以及你昨晚吃了 什么，故选 A。（记住历史事件）。 34．D 推理判断题。本题考查考生理解具体信息，并根据所给信息进行归纳、对比和推断的 能力。根据文章最后一段可知，在一项研究中，研究人员要求参与者学习词对。他们 发现，那些在任务后不久就去睡觉的人在 24 小时后表现更好，而那些在任务后较长 时间才睡觉的人则效果较差。另一项研究涉及高中生学习新词汇，结果类似：那些在 学习后几小时内就去睡觉的人比那些在学习后很多小时才去睡觉的人记忆保持得更 好，故选 D。“睡眠时间影响记忆”意思是你在学习新信息后何时睡觉会影响你对这 些信息的记忆效果。具体来说，学习后尽早入睡对记忆保持有好处。sleep timing 意为： 睡眠时机。指的是你入睡和醒来的具体时间安排。 35．A 推理判断题。本题考查考生猜测作者写作意图的能力。作者写这篇文章的目的是解释 睡眠在记忆巩固中的作用，并强调最新研究发现：学习后迅速入睡能提高记忆保持力。 文章旨在说明睡眠对记忆巩固的好处以及在这一领域的进展。故选 A。 第二节 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自我 — 认识自我 完善自我 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一段常被归因于海明威的名言来探讨真正的 高贵。文章指出，真正的高贵并不在于比他人优越，而在于不断追求自我提升和个人成长。 它鼓励人们将注意力从外在的竞争和比较转移到内心的自我完善过程，努力成为更好的自己。 36．E 考查学生理解段内总分关系，识别文内归纳，构建语篇连贯的能力。本空位于第一段。 本段的开头提到：“超越你的同伴并不是什么高尚的事；真正的高贵是优于过去的自 己。这句话通常被认为出自欧内斯特·海明威之口。”本空后又提到“这句话的核心 是鼓励我们反思真正的高贵意味着什么，以及在哪里可以找到它。”可见此处是对海 明威所说的这句话的总结，故选 E。（引言探讨了高贵和个人成长的概念）。 英语参考答案·第 6 页（共 12 页） 37．D 考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、构筑段内衔接关系的能力。本空前大意是“引言的第 一部分，‘比你的同伴优越一点也不高尚’，强调了追求比别人优越的想法并不是内在 高尚的。通常情况下，人们被驱使去竞争、比较，或者主张对同龄人的统治。”本空 后面意为“然而，海明威认为这种以牺牲他人为代价获得的优越感缺乏真正的高贵。 它会导致傲慢、分裂和空虚感。”故选 D。（他们认为这是成功或良好声誉的标志）承 接本段前文所述。 38．C 考查考生识别段首句、建立语篇连贯性的能力。空前位于段首。从文章结构可以看出 本段要说明的是引言的第二部分内容，C 项内容为“这句话也为高贵提供了另一种视 角。”是对上一段的承接，符合语境，故选 C。 39．A 考查考生理解语篇语义递进关系，构筑语篇连贯的能力。空前句意为“自我提升的概 念是什么?它意味着对自我意识的承诺。”，空后句意为“它表明高贵在于谦虚地承认 自己的缺点和弱点，并决心克服它们。它是关于学习、进化，成为一个更仁慈、更善 解人意的人（共情的）和更有道德的人。”A 项内容为“是对个人目标和价值观的追 求。”切合上下文语义，故选 A。 40．F 考查考生理解、识别语篇段落结尾，构建语篇段落完整性的能力。本空之前提到“从 本质上讲，海明威的这句话让我们重新评估我们的优先事项和价值观。它鼓励我们将 注意力从外部的比较和竞争转移到自我完善和成长的内心旅程上。真正的高贵不在于 超越别人，而在于超越过去的自己。”F 项（这将真正帮助我们成为最好的自己。）恰 合此意，故选 F。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 体裁：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我 — 急救知识 生命的意义与价值 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了两名奥克公园高中的学生被誉为英雄，因为他 们在体育老师阿尔弗雷德·卡托拉心脏骤停后及时施救。 41．B 考查语境中动词的辨析。passed“传递”；unfolded“发生”；developed“发展”；persisted “持续”。根据语境，这个巨大而又突然的事件发生在一场例行的学生与老师篮球比 赛中，这里 unfolded 指“用于描述某个事件的发生或演变”。例如：“事情的经过逐渐 发生。”故选 B。 42．A 考查语境中动词的辨析。collapsing“崩溃”或“倒下”；jumping“跳跃”；shouting“大 叫”；stretching“拉伸”。根据语境，当时卡托拉突然感到不适并在体育馆内倒地，故 选 A。 英语参考答案·第 7 页（共 12 页） 43．C 考查语境中动词词组的辨析。turned to“求助于、开始做某事”；submitted to“屈服于、 向某人提供”；revealed to“向某人透露”；listened to“倾听”。根据语境“从医学角度 来看，我已经没救了，”卡托拉向福克斯 2 台透露了那个恐怖的瞬间，故选 C。 44．B 考查语境中名词的辨析。explanation“解释；”hesitation“犹豫”；exception“例外”； permission“允许”。根据语境，奥克公园高中的两名学生毫不犹豫地采取了行动，故 选 B。 45．D 考查语境中动词的辨析。Inventing“发明”；Demonstrating“演示”；Acquiring “获 得”；Employing“利用”。根据语境，他们迅速运用几个月前在健康科学课程中学到 的心肺复苏术和急救技能，开始了生命救援，故选 D。 46．A 考查语境中合成形容词的辨析。life-saving“拯救生命的”；health-promoting“促进健 康的”；skill-building“提升技能的”；time-saving“省时间的”。根据语境，他们迅速 运用几个月前在健康科学课程中学到的心肺复苏术和急救技能，开始了生命救援，故 选 A。 47．C 考查语境中动词的辨析。improve“提升、改善”；adjust“调整”；perform“实施”；reform “改革”。根据语境，科尔曼他们觉得可能在某个时刻会用到这些技能，但没想到这 么快就用上了。这里指“实施、运用”，故选 C。 48．C 考查语境中名词的辨析。years“多年”；seconds“几秒”；rounds“几轮”；months“多 月”。根据语境和常识可知，杜博斯开始做胸部按压，大约做了两轮半的按压时，自 动体外除颤仪（AED）被送来，科雷放置了 AED 电极片。这里指“两轮半”，故选 C。 49．B 考查语境中形容词的辨析。innovative“新颖的”；decisive“果断的”；routine“常规 的”；creative“有创造性的”。根据语境，他们迅速果断的行动在维持老师生命方面发 挥了关键作用，这里指“果断的”，故选 B。 50．D 考查语境中形容词的辨析。keep sb．assured“让某人放心”；keep sb．absorbed“让某 人全神贯注”；keep sb．adapted“让某人适应”；keep sb．alive“让某人存活”。根据 语境，他们迅速果断的行动在维持老师生命方面发挥了关键作用。这里指“让老师存 活”，故选 D。 51．D 考查语境中动词的辨析。returned“回到”；advised“建议”；referred“转诊到”；rushed “匆忙送到”。根据语境，救护车很快赶到，卡托拉被匆忙送往当地医院进一步治疗。 这里指“匆忙送往”，故选 D。 52．A 考查语境中副词的辨析。Incredibly“出乎意料地”；Gradually“渐渐地”；Nervously “紧张地”；Deliberately“故意地”。根据语境，出乎意料的是，他在随后的一个星期 回到了学校，这都要感谢他学生们的及时援助。这里指“出乎意料、令人意外的是”， 故选 A。 英语参考答案·第 8 页（共 12 页） 53．A 考查语境中名词的辨析。assistance“援助”；feedback“反馈”；guidance“指导”； preparation“准备”。根据语境，出乎意料的是，他在随后的一个星期回到了学校， 这都要感谢他学生们的及时援助。这里指“援助”， 故选 A。 54．B 考查语境中动语的辨析。honour“表彰”；thank“感谢”；praise“表扬、赞扬”；reward “奖励、回报”。根据语境，卡托拉与这两名学生重聚，感谢他们拯救了自己的生命。 这里指“感谢”，故选 B。 55．C 考查语境中动词的辨析。share“分享”；introduce“介绍”；express“表达”；contribute “捐赠、促成、贡献、投稿、提议”。根据语境，“我没有太多要说的，除了我爱你们，” 他说。“作为老师还能说什么呢？”可知这里指“说话、表达”，故选 C。 第二节 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会 — 文化与交流 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了两千多年前，张骞踏上了一段旅程，这不仅改 变了中国的历史进程，还为丝绸之路奠定了基础。 56．what 考查学生根据上下文正确使用从属连词的能力。此句意为“作为中国首位前往中亚 的使者，张骞途经如今的塔吉克斯坦，经过了古老的希萨尔堡”，这里介词 through 的宾 语由 what 引导的从句充当，故填 what。 57．pioneering 考查考生对现在分词的掌握情况和应用能力。此句意为“他在外交和贸易方 面的开创性努力为东西方之间的文化和商业交流开辟了前所未有的途径”，这里充当名词 efforts 的前置定语，故填 pioneering。 58．existence 考查学生根据上下文逻辑关系及所学单词的派生或屈折变化规则，把动词形式 转换成名词形式的能力。此句意为“丝绸之路是一个从中国延伸到地中海的广泛贸易路 线网络，其存在和成功很大程度上归功于张骞的探索”，故填 existence。 59．legacies 考查考生依据上下文语境正确使用名词复数形式的能力。此句意为“这条古老 贸易路线的持久遗产之一是塔吉克斯坦丰富的纺织品生产传统，这些技术被精心保存并 代代相传，至今依然蓬勃发展”，故填 legacies。 60．are crafted 考查考生根据对上下文语义的理解和语言逻辑关系的分析正确使用被动语态 的能力。此句意为“在现代的塔吉克斯坦，许多传统织物都是手工精细制作的，运用了 古老的工艺，展现了塔吉克工匠非凡的技艺，并反映了丝绸之路所孕育的持久文化遗产”， many traditional fabrics 为句中的主语部分，是从语义逻辑关系上分析是动作的承受者，与 谓语动词 craft 之间是被动关系。依据被动语态结构规则，此处最佳答案应为 are crafted。 英语参考答案·第 9 页（共 12 页） 61．fostered 考查考生对英语动词变为-ed 分词后充当名词修饰语的应用能力。本句的意思是 “在现代的塔吉克斯坦，许多传统织物都是手工精细制作的，运用了古老的工艺，展现 了塔吉克工匠非凡的技艺，并反映了丝绸之路所孕育的持久文化遗产”，从语法结构上看， 此处填补的词需要充当名词 heritage 的后置定语。所给的动词 foster 意为“促进、培养、 孕育”，故应将其变形为过去分词形式。表达“所被孕育的”，之意，故填 fostered。 62．are 考查考生根据上下文正确使用主语和谓语动词数的一致的能力。此句意为“这些以 优雅工艺和独特风格而闻名的手工织物，是这一古老网络深远影响的见证”，此句主语为 These handmade fabrics，故填 are。 63．bridged 考查考生根据上下文正确使用动词一般过去时的能力。此句意为“张骞的历史 性旅程曾连接起遥远的土地，如今在当代塔吉克斯坦蓬勃发展的、历久弥新的传统中继 续产生共鸣”句中的 once 表示“曾经”的意思。因此需要将所给动词改为过去时态，故 填 bridged。 64．on 考查考生根据上下文对“live on”动词词组的掌握情况和正确运用该词组的能力。本 句的意思是“通过这些经久不衰的文化习俗，丝绸之路的精神得以延续”，live on 意为“继 续、延续”，故填 on。 65．and 考查考生根据上下文逻辑关系正确选择使用并列连词的能力。此句意为“通过这些 经久不衰的文化实践，丝绸之路的精神得以延续，象征着一种超越时间和地理的连接与 交流的遗产，提醒我们那些塑造了我们世界的复杂互动网络”，这里考查的是连接两个名 词“连接和交流”，故填 and。 听力原文 Text 1 M：Hey，Anna，do you want to join Sarah and me for dinner tonight? We’re going to that new Italian place downtown．I heard their pasta is amazing． W：Ah，I’m not really in the mood for Italian food．I had pasta for lunch，actually．Besides， I’ve got a lot of work to catch up on，so I think I’ll just stay in tonight．(1) But say hi to Sarah for me，though．Maybe we can all go out together another time． Text 2 M：I hear you are planning to study in Britain next year，Jenny．Is that true? W：No．I intended to go there at first．But my American professor suggested advancing my study in China and I accepted his advice．(2) He said there are some excellent research opportunities and resources available locally that I shouldn’t miss out on． 英语参考答案·第 10 页（共 12 页） Text 3 W：Steve，did you win your match at the weekend? M：We did，Barbara! I got one goal and Jimmy got another! W：Great，you’re both so much better at football than me．(3) I prefer basketball and table tennis! M：That’s cool! Text 4 W：It is so hot．I don’t want to go anywhere but stay at home． M：Me either．But I have promised the kids a hike．(4) W：Are you serious? The heat is unbearable．Why not take them to the museum? M：Well，I don’t want to break my word． Text 5 M：The snow we’ve had for the last few days will stop by the end of the afternoon．Tomorrow we can expect some rain，(5) but by the end of the week，some sunny weather is likely． W：Great! I’m so tired of the snow．Do you have any plans for the sunny days? M：Yes，I’m planning to go hiking and maybe have a picnic． Text 6 M：Hi，it’s my first day at the school．Can I get my student card here? W：Sure．I can do that for you．What’s your name，please?(7) M：It’s Alexander Jonathan Rutherford． W：Sorry，could you spell your name out? Or actually，could you write that down for me? M：Sure．I’ll write that down for you．Here you go． W：Thank you．Oh，I’m afraid there isn’t enough space on the card for your full name． M：You can just use my first name．No need to use my middle name and last name． W：OK，you’re all set．Welcome to our school，Alexander!(6) Text 7 M：Lisa，I listened to your music today．It is truly beautiful! How did you make it? W：Thanks．I have an online piano lesson for one hour per day．My mom also asks me to practice playing the piano for another two hours，one hour in the morning and the other one after I get back home from school．(8) M：Wow，you must really enjoy it． W：I do．What about you，Max? I remember you play the guitar． 英语参考答案·第 11 页（共 12 页） M：Guitar? Oh，that was only a passing fancy．I’m really keen on football．When I went to middle school，our art teacher saw my doodles in the back of my notebook．She encouraged me to join the art club，and I’ve been hooked ever since． W：That sounds like a lot of fun． M：It is，but there’s also one drawback．I spend so much time on my art projects that I barely have time for anything else．(9) Text 8 W：Do you still like reading newspapers or magazines，Mark? M：No．Now I often read news on some famous news sites．(10) It’s more convenient． W：Is there any impressive news today? M：Yes．The news about a vending machine that bakes a pizza in three minutes．(11) W：Baking a pizza in three minutes? That’s really unbelievable．So is it in the US? M：No．It’s in Rome．The machine is called “Mr. Go Pizza”．It offers four different kinds of pizzas which cost between $5 and $7．There’s a small glass window that allows customers to watch as their pizza bakes． W：So what about the pizza? Does it taste good? M：Some people called the pizza “terrible”；others were kinder．They said the pizza was OK， but they also said it was not pizza． W：Well，Italy is well-known for its pizzas．There are so many restaurants that sell pizzas．I don’t think such a machine will be successful there．(12) M：I doubt it，too．But the machine has an advantage． W：What is it? M：It offers 24-hour service．It is very useful if you’re hungry late at night．(13) W：That’s true．Late-night hunger can be a real problem．Maybe it will find some success after all． Text 9 (14、17 题为推理判断题) M：So here we go，I’ll tell you all the things you need to know．My son Rick is usually pretty quiet．He loves playing computer games，but my wife and I don’t allow him to play for too long．When he finishes his homework，please give him a glass of milk and some cookies．The cookies are on the top shelf of the cupboard． W：Okay．What about little Daisy? M：She is younger and more active．She’s crazy about dolls and can play with them for hours．She loves singing，so don’t be surprised if she asks you to watch her performance． 英语参考答案·第 12 页（共 12 页） W：Ha-ha，lovely．What about dinner? M：It’s in the refrigerator．You should heat it up and give it to them around 7：00 p．m．Put the dirty dishes in the dishwasher when they’re done．Don’t be shy，Linette．If you’re hungry，just help yourself.（15） W：Thanks，I already had my dinner．What about their bedtime? M：As for Daisy，she must go to bed before 9：00 p.m．Rick can stay up for another half an hour．Oh，one more thing，please don’t leave the house until I return.（16） W：Got it．Have a nice evening，Mr. Cells． M：Thank you．I should be back from work by midnight． Text 10 W：In traditional Chinese culture，the dragon has long been regarded as a symbol of power and mystery．(18) Among the rich legacies of Chinese history，the dragon symbol in the Forbidden City is undoubtedly a charming presence． The Forbidden City，a magnificent architectural complex known as the“treasure of China”，was once the royal palace of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912) dynasties， (19) and it stands as the world’s largest and most complete existing ancient wooden structure architectural complex．As one of the most important cultural totems in China，the dragon has always been a symbol of good fortune．In the Forbidden City，the dragons，whether hovering in the sky，leaping between beams，or hidden in the details，all narrate ancient stories． In each corner of the Forbidden City，lifelike dragons in various shapes can be seen， showcasing not only exquisite craftsmanship，but also carrying deep historical and cultural connotations． Those dragons sitting on the roofs seem to be keeping watch over the ancient palaces， (20) which are not merely decorations；they carry the essence of Chinese culture． null