复合不定代词讲义 -2024-2025学年沪教牛津版英语八年级上册

八上 Unit1 Encyclopedia 复合不定代词 模块一 语法知识点讲解 一．some与any的用法和区别 (一).some 和 any 都可以修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，表示“一些….”但二者在用法上有区别。 1. some 用于肯定句 I ask some boys to help you. Please bring some coffee. 2.any用于疑问句或否定句 Are there any cows in the fields? There won’t be any trouble. (二)some 和 any 的特殊用法： 1.some用于疑问句中，表示“请求、邀请、建议或希望得到对方肯定的回答” Would you like some oranges? Can I have some water,please? Why don’t you buy some books? 2.any用于肯定句中修饰可数名词单数“任何一个” Please give me a pen---any pen will be OK. You can read any book in our libraries. (三).some 与any的共同点及区别 词义 用法 修饰词 some 一些 肯定句；疑问句(表请求) 名词复数或不可数名词 any 一些；任何一个 否定句；疑问句 【典例分析】 1.Would you give me _____ books to read, Linda? Of course. A. any B. some C. much D. a 2.Here is _____ information about dinosaurs. A. any B. many C. some D. an 3. There isn’t _____ water here.Could you get_____ for me? All right. A. some;some B. any;any C. some;any D. any;some 4. ( )It’s polite to take_____ flowers as a gift when you go to visit a friend. A. little B. any C. some 5. ( ) There isn’t_____ water in the glass. Let’s go and get some. A. many B. some C. any 2． 【复合不定代词】 (一).教材典句 1. I saw nobody. 2. There is not anybody in the room. 3. Is there anything on the bookcase? 4. Is there anyone next to the piano? 以上句子都含有复合不定代词 nobody，anybody，anything 和 anyone。 (二).复合不定代词 1.含义：复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body, -thing,-one 构成。常见复合不定代词: somebody anybody nobody everybody someone anyone no one everyone something anything nothing everything 2.复合不定代词的用法 1) .一般说来，由 some 构成的复合不定代词往往用于肯定句中；而由 any 构成的复合不定代词则往 往用于否定句或疑问句中。 There is something wrong with my watch. Do you have anything to say? I didn’t go to the movies with anyone. Please give me something to read. 【注】：nobody = not… anybody = not…anyone= no one nothing=not…anything There is nobody in the classroom. = There is not anybody in the classroom. I heard nothing. =I didn’t hear anything. 2）.在表示请求、建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，常用some-类复合不定代词；any-类用于肯定句时，表示“任何”之意。 Would you like something to eat? Would you like something to drink? Why not buy something interesting? Anything is OK. 3）.复合不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Someone wants to read in the classroom. Is there anything I can do for you? Nobody knows why there is nothing in the cup. 4).含-body和 -one 的复合不定代词指人，两者可以互换，含-thing的复合不定代词指物。 Someone/ Somebody is crying in the next room. I can hear nothing but your voice. Everyone has a secret. 5）.当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词要放在复合不定代词之后(即复合不定代词+形容词)。 Do you have anything important to tell us? Did you buy anything special？ I have something important to do. There is something wrong with my computer. 【典例分析】 1.Is there _____ in the classroom? ---No, I can see _____ there. A. anybody, anybody B. nobody, anybody C. somebody, somebody D. anybody, nobody 2.Don’t go into the study. Dad is writing ____ there. A. important nothing B. nothing important C. something important D. important something 3. Would you like _____ to drink, Mr. White? Yes. A cup of coffee, please. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 4.--Are there ( ) women players in the playground? --NO,there are ( )men players. A. any; some B. some; any C. some; any D. any;any 5.--How many students are there in the classroom? --( ). A. No one B. Nobody C. None D. Everyone 6.--Did you find ( ）funny in the book? --No. It just talks about how to be a good kid at home. A. nothing B.something C. anything D. everything 三．常考不定代词用法 (一).many 与 much 1.many 修饰可数名词复数；much 修饰不可数名词 Many students are playing football now. There is much water in the bottle. (二).too many 太多，后加可数名词复数。too much 太多，后加不可数名词。much too 太，常加形容词。I have too many stories to tell you. He doesn’t have too much money. She was much too shy, so she said nothing just now. (3) .few ,a few 与 little, a little 意义 用法 a few 一些，几个 可数名词复数 few 很少，几乎没有 a little 一些，几个 不可数名词 little 很少，几乎没有 There is little milk, so she goes to buy some. He has a few hobbies such as swimming and running. The math problem is so difficult, so few people can solve it. 【典例分析】 1. There is__________water left in the the cup. ---Would you go and get some? A.little B.a little C.few D.a few 2.We had__________ people this year than we had last year. A.little B.less C.few D.fewer 3.I am__________ stronger than my sister. A.very B.quite C.too D.much 4 .Mary has six apples. Her brother has three. -----She has __________ apples than he. A.few B.many C.more D.fewer 5. ---Can you speak English, Mr Wang？ ---Yes, but only __________. A. few B. a little C. a lot D. many (四).all 与 both all 指三者或三者以上的人或物，用来修饰或代替可数名词复数或不可数名词。both 指两个人和或物，用来修饰或代替可数名词复数。 All students are here and let’s begin our meeting. Peter and Mary are good friends. Both of them like playing the guitar. (五).either 与 neither；no 与 none Either 表示“两者任一”；neither 表示“两者都不”，both 的否定词。 There are two beautiful clothes. Which one do you like? Either is OK. There are two blue shoes. Which one do you like? Neither. I like the red shoes. (六).no 指形容词只能做定语，意思是“没有”,修饰名词。 none 指三个或三个以上的人或物中：“没有一个”，或不可数名词中“没有一点”。 There are no students here. I have five old books. None is useful, so I will throw them away. 【典例分析】 1.—You have tried on several shirts. —Sorry to take up too much of your time. But ______of them look good on me. A. neither B. any C. none D. both 2. How many students are there in the classroom? ____________. They are all in the lab. A. Some B. None C. All D. Neither 3 . I'm hungry, is there any bread in the fridge? ______but we have cakes. Would you like to have one? A. Some B. Much C. None D. Nothing 4. I have two children, and______ of them are working in the west of China. A. all B. both C. neither D. either 5. I prefer speaking to listening in English learning. Oh, really! I think you should be good at of ______ them. A. both B. neither C. some D. all 模块二 语言知识巩固练习 一．选择题 1.She doesn’t have ____ cakes. She has some fish. A．some B．much C．any D．little 2.Are there ____ computers in your classroom? No. There aren’t ___ computers in our classroom. A．some; some B．any; any C．some; any D．any; some 3.There is_______ food here. We must go and buy some. A．some B．any C．no D．a little 4.I’m hungry. I want ____________ to eat. A.anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 5.Do you have____________to say? --No, I have ____________ to say. A.something, everything B. nothing, something C. everything, anything D. anything, nothing 6.Why not ask ____________to help you. A.everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none 7.Everything ____________ ready. We can start now. A.are B. is C. be D. were 8.There’s ____________with his eyes. He’s OK. A.anything wrong B. wrong something C.nothing wrong D.wrong nothing 9. Is there_____ in today’s newspaper? Yes, the UK’s Queen Elizabeth II passed away at 96. You can read this news_____. A.new something; somewhere B. anything new; everywhere C. something new; nowhere D. new something; anywhere 10.Sorry,Jack. I have _________ to do, so I can’t go to the library with you today. A.anything important B. important something C.something important D.important anything 模块三 题型专项训练 一、阅读理解 The Palace Museum is also called the Forbidden City. It lies in the heart of Beijing. The Palace Museum was the imperial (皇帝的) palaces during the Ming and Qing dynasties (朝代). It has a historyof more than 500 years. The Palace Museum is the world's largest palace museum. It is more than 720,000 square meters in size. It is 961 meters long and 760 meters wide, with about 9,000 houses. In 1406, Chinese people began to build it. The construction was finally finished in 1420. In 1925, the Forbidden City was changed into a museum. And it is also the largest museum in China.It has a collection of one million valuable artworks, and most of them belonged to the imperial families of the Ming and Qing dynasties. The museum is open to the public nowadays. Today, many visitors from all over the world come to visit the Palace Museum. ( ) 1. What is another name of the Palace Museum? A. The Summer Palace. B. The Forbidden City. C. The Great Wall. D. Tian' anmen Square. ( ) 2. When did people start to build the Forbidden City? A. In 1407. B. In 1406. C. In 1420. D. In 1925. ( ) 3. How long did it take to complete the construction of the Forbidden City? A. Forty years. B. Fourteen years. C. Sixteen years. D. Forty-one years. ( ) 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The Forbidden City was the imperial palaces in every dynasty in China. B. The Forbidden City was the largest palace museum in the world. C. The Forbidden City covers an area of more than 720,000 square meters. D. The Forbidden City was changed into a museum in 1925. ( ) 5. This passage most probably comes from a (n) ______. A. encyclopaedia B. notebook C. dictionary D. storybook B篇（2023年宝安期中考试） Here are some encyclopedias for you to read in our online library. The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition): An English-language dictionary containing more than 51,000 topics, the Columbia Encyclopedia provides trusted facts and information. More than 200 people make great efforts for depth and accuracy (精确) of the encyclopedia. Its topics are complete and clear. Medical encyclopedias: Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators and students. The library of free medical encyclopedias contains a variety of trusted facts that cover medical conditions, medical symptoms (症状), and medical causes of health-related problems. Computer encyclopedias: Our online library of computer encyclopedias is very useful whether you’re looking for in-depth research or just learning about computer technology. The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science, computer science and engineering, and computer science and technology. Science encyclopedias: Our online library of science encyclopedias covers a variety of topics from biology, psychology, and chemistry to religion and science discoveries. Our online science encyclopedias for kids are a big help for school research projects and science experiments. 1. How many kinds of encyclopedias are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. Medical encyclopedias are for the follow EXCEPT ________. A. doctors B. educators C. scientists D. students 3. Maria is a student and she wants to learn something about computer science. Which of the following can she choose? A. The Columbia encyclopedias. B. Computer encyclopedias. C. Medical encyclopedias. D. Science encyclopedias. 4. The underlined word “covers” mean “________” in English. A. includes B. opens C. turns D. finds 5. Where does the passage probably come from? A A magazine. B. A school website. C. A storybook. D. A diary. C（2023年宝安期中考试） A few days after the party Mary saw Tom again. He was standing at an upstairs window in the mansion (豪宅) and looking down at their garden. Beth and Amy were playing in the snow. They were throwing snowballs and having a lot of fun. Tom’s face was very sad. “Poor boy!” she thought, “He’s all alone. It’s a shame. He needs some friends.” She couldn’t stop thinking about him. She wanted to go and see him but how could she go to his house without an invitation? Then one snowy afternoon, while she was looking out of the window, she saw Mr Laurence, Tom’s grandfather. He was getting into his carriage. He was going out. This gave her an idea. “Tom is alone in the house now.” She thought. “Perhaps he’s looking out on his window.” She put on her hat and an old coat and took a broom and a shovel (铁铲) from the kitchen. “What are you going to do, Mary?” asked Meg when she saw her sister in the hall. “I want to get some exercise,” answered Mary with a smile. “I’m going to clear the garden path.” Tom was standing at the window again. He wasn’t looking at her so she threw a snowball to get his attention. When the snow hit the glass, he turned his head immediately (立即) and a big snowball changed his pale, sad face. Mary laughed and shouted,“How are you? Are you ill?” Tom opened the window and said, “I’m better now, thank you. I had a bad cold and I had to stay inside for a week.” 1. After reading the story, we know that Mary was ________. A. kind B. rich C. hard-working D. lonely 2. Mary went to Tom’s house and saw him ________. A. with Tom’s invitation B. after she found a good excuse (借口) C. when Mr Laurence was in D. before she cleared the garden path carefully 3. Tom didn’t come out to play with snow because ________. A. other children didn’t like him B. he didn’t feel well C. his grandfather didn’t allow him to go out D. he liked being all alone 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Mary came to Tom’s house on a rainy day. B. Tom didn’t want to see Mary. C. Tom was sad because he needed to leave the house. D. Mary overcame difficulties to accompany Tom. 5. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. Tom wanted to go out and play with snow. B. Tom lived with his parents. C. Mary wanted to see Mr Laurence. D. Mary liked doing exercise. D（2023年宝安期中考试） People pay close attention to 5G these years. So, what is 5G? The “G” stands for (代表) the generation of your mobile network. 5G is the 5th generation mobile networks and it’s a hundred times faster than 4G. The first 5G video call was made on a Huawei Mate X smartphone on March 30, 2019. Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks. Monaco became the first country in Europe to use a next-generation 5G mobile phone network based on technology from Chinese company Huawei. It sounds obvious, but it’s important to understand just how much faster 5G is compared to current 4G speeds. 5G will not only be many, many times faster than your existing connection, and it will be greatly faster than the broadband connection you have at home. Now, 4G takes about 100 to 200 milliseconds to send and receive data. But 5G will get it down to 1 millisecond or less. This big change will not only make our mobile Internet faster. It can be used in many other ways as well. For example, 5G will help make self-driving cars safer. Today’s self-driving test cars have one problem—lag. When the car “sees” an obstacle (障碍), it sends this information to a data centre and receives instructions. However, it takes time to send and receive this information. With this kind of lag, the cars might crash because they don’t receive instructions in time. With 5G, this lag will be greatly lowered, making the cars safer, according to CNN. 5G could also be used to power the Internet of Things (IOT). This refers to a large online network that connects all things and people. Fast Internet speeds will be the key to developing this technology. For example, with IOT under 5G, your fridge could automatically (自动地) place an order online for eggs when it finds that there are no eggs left inside. All in all, 5G will shape every type of technology that it touches. And you won’t have to wait too long for that to happen. Though we’ve seen a lot of positive progress just in the last year, we still have a long way to go before 5G is anywhere near as common as 4G is right now. 1. Which city first tested 5G? A. Beijing. B. Guangzhou. C. Shenzhen. D. Shanghai. 2. What can we learn about from Paragraph 2? A. 5G is widely used in Shanghai. B. It took lots of efforts to test 5G. C. China and Monaco is working on its 5G networks. D. 5G would make it possible to take videos. 3. What does the underlined word “lag” probably mean? A. Delay. B. Order. C. Speed. D. Ability. 4. Why does the writer mention the fridge? A. To describe the importance of IOT. B. To encourage people to try the new product. C. To introduce how to use the Internet of Things. D. To show 5G would make IOT more powerful. 5. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. Can 5G go far? B. How is 5G changing our work? C. 5G is on the way D. China is leading the world in 5G 模块四 课后作业（20分钟） 一．用some,any填空 1.I don’t have __________________milk for breakfast. 2.Does he have ______________brothers or sisters ? 3.There aren’t _____________pictures on the wall. 4.Can I ask ____________________questions ? 5. Are there ________flowers in you classroom ? No, there aren’t _________. 6. We have ____________apples, but we don’t have ____________pears. 7. Is there __________orange juice in the fridge ? Yes, there is____________. 8. I can speak ____________English, but I can’t speak___________Russian. 9. Do they have ____________color pencil ? No, they don’t have___________. 10. There isn’t ____________meat at home. I must go and buy____________. 二．选择题 ( )1.There isn’t ________ in the classroom.   A. everybody   B. somebody     C. anybody    D. nobody  ( )2. I can’t find_________ in the cardboard box. It’s empty. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. some things ( )3.---Did you see ______ in the classroom? ---No, I saw ______ in the classroom. A. someone；anybody B. anyone；nobody C. someone；somebody D. anyone；anybody ( )4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ________. A. everything       B. anything C. something       D. nothing ( )5.Be quiet! I have ____ to tell you. A．important anything　 B．anything important C．important something D．something important ( )6.–Have you got ______ready for the sports meeting? -Not. Yet. We still have ______ to do. A. anything; nothing      B. something; everything C. everything; something    D. something; nothing ( )7. ______ is impossible if you put your heart into it. A. Everything       B. Anything C. Something       D. Nothing ( )8. "I hear__________ your grandpa__________ your grandma like watching Min Opera.""Right, just as many old people do in Fuzhou." A. both; of B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八上 Unit1 Encyclopedia 复合不定代词 模块一 语法知识点讲解 一．some与any的用法和区别 (一).some 和 any 都可以修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，表示“一些….”但二者在用法上有区别。 1. some 用于肯定句 I ask some boys to help you. Please bring some coffee. 2.any用于疑问句或否定句 Are there any cows in the fields? There won’t be any trouble. (二)some 和 any 的特殊用法： 1.some用于疑问句中，表示“请求、邀请、建议或希望得到对方肯定的回答” Would you like some oranges? Can I have some water,please? Why don’t you buy some books? 2.any用于肯定句中修饰可数名词单数“任何一个” Please give me a pen---any pen will be OK. You can read any book in our libraries. (三).some 与any的共同点及区别 词义 用法 修饰词 some 一些 肯定句；疑问句(表请求) 名词复数或不可数名词 any 一些；任何一个 否定句；疑问句 【典例分析】 1.Would you give me _____ books to read, Linda? Of course. A. any B. some C. much D. a 2.Here is _____ information about dinosaurs. A. any B. many C. some D. an 3. There isn’t _____ water here.Could you get_____ for me? All right. A. some;some B. any;any C. some;any D. any;some 4. ( )It’s polite to take_____ flowers as a gift when you go to visit a friend. A. little B. any C. some 5. ( ) There isn’t_____ water in the glass. Let’s go and get some. A. many B. some C. any 答案：1-5:BCDCC 2． 【复合不定代词】 (一).教材典句 1. I saw nobody. 2. There is not anybody in the room. 3. Is there anything on the bookcase? 4. Is there anyone next to the piano? 以上句子都含有复合不定代词 nobody，anybody，anything 和 anyone。 (二).复合不定代词 1.含义：复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body, -thing,-one 构成。常见复合不定代词: somebody anybody nobody everybody someone anyone no one everyone something anything nothing everything 2.复合不定代词的用法 1) .一般说来，由 some 构成的复合不定代词往往用于肯定句中；而由 any 构成的复合不定代词则往 往用于否定句或疑问句中。 There is something wrong with my watch. Do you have anything to say? I didn’t go to the movies with anyone. Please give me something to read. 【注】：nobody = not… anybody = not…anyone= no one nothing=not…anything There is nobody in the classroom. = There is not anybody in the classroom. I heard nothing. =I didn’t hear anything. 2）.在表示请求、建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，常用some-类复合不定代词；any-类用于肯定句时，表示“任何”之意。 Would you like something to eat? Would you like something to drink? Why not buy something interesting? Anything is OK. 3）.复合不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Someone wants to read in the classroom. Is there anything I can do for you? Nobody knows why there is nothing in the cup. 4).含-body和 -one 的复合不定代词指人，两者可以互换，含-thing的复合不定代词指物。 Someone/ Somebody is crying in the next room. I can hear nothing but your voice. Everyone has a secret. 5）.当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词要放在复合不定代词之后(即复合不定代词+形容词)。 Do you have anything important to tell us? Did you buy anything special？ I have something important to do. There is something wrong with my computer. 【典例分析】 1.Is there _____ in the classroom? ---No, I can see _____ there. A. anybody, anybody B. nobody, anybody C. somebody, somebody D. anybody, nobody 2.Don’t go into the study. Dad is writing ____ there. A. important nothing B. nothing important C. something important D. important something 3. Would you like _____ to drink, Mr. White? Yes. A cup of coffee, please. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 4.--Are there ( ) women players in the playground? --NO,there are ( )men players. A. any; some B. some; any C. some; any D. any;any 5.--How many students are there in the classroom? --( ). A. No one B. Nobody C. None D. Everyone 6.--Did you find ( ）funny in the book? --No. It just talks about how to be a good kid at home. A. nothing B.something C. anything D. everything 答案：1-3:DCB 答案：4.A 5.C none常常回答how many/how much提问的问题；nobody/no one常常回答who提问的问题。 6.C 三．常考不定代词用法 (一).many 与 much 1.many 修饰可数名词复数；much 修饰不可数名词 Many students are playing football now. There is much water in the bottle. (二).too many 太多，后加可数名词复数。too much 太多，后加不可数名词。much too 太，常加形容词。I have too many stories to tell you. He doesn’t have too much money. She was much too shy, so she said nothing just now. (3) .few ,a few 与 little, a little 意义 用法 a few 一些，几个 可数名词复数 few 很少，几乎没有 a little 一些，几个 不可数名词 little 很少，几乎没有 There is little milk, so she goes to buy some. He has a few hobbies such as swimming and running. The math problem is so difficult, so few people can solve it. 【典例分析】 1. There is__________water left in the the cup. ---Would you go and get some? A.little B.a little C.few D.a few 2.We had__________ people this year than we had last year. A.little B.less C.few D.fewer 3.I am__________ stronger than my sister. A.very B.quite C.too D.much 4 .Mary has six apples. Her brother has three. -----She has __________ apples than he. A.few B.many C.more D.fewer 5. ---Can you speak English, Mr Wang？ ---Yes, but only __________. A. few B. a little C. a lot D. many 答案：1-5:ADDCB (四).all 与 both all 指三者或三者以上的人或物，用来修饰或代替可数名词复数或不可数名词。both 指两个人和或物，用来修饰或代替可数名词复数。 All students are here and let’s begin our meeting. Peter and Mary are good friends. Both of them like playing the guitar. (五).either 与 neither；no 与 none Either 表示“两者任一”；neither 表示“两者都不”，both 的否定词。 There are two beautiful clothes. Which one do you like? Either is OK. There are two blue shoes. Which one do you like? Neither. I like the red shoes. (六).no 指形容词只能做定语，意思是“没有”,修饰名词。 none 指三个或三个以上的人或物中：“没有一个”，或不可数名词中“没有一点”。 There are no students here. I have five old books. None is useful, so I will throw them away. 【典例分析】 1.—You have tried on several shirts. —Sorry to take up too much of your time. But ______of them look good on me. A. neither B. any C. none D. both 2. How many students are there in the classroom? ____________. They are all in the lab. A. Some B. None C. All D. Neither 3 . I'm hungry, is there any bread in the fridge? ______but we have cakes. Would you like to have one? A. Some B. Much C. None D. Nothing 4. I have two children, and______ of them are working in the west of China. A. all B. both C. neither D. either 5. I prefer speaking to listening in English learning. Oh, really! I think you should be good at of ______ them. A. both B. neither C. some D. all 答案：1-5:CBCBD 模块二 语言知识巩固练习 一．选择题 1.She doesn’t have ____ cakes. She has some fish. A．some B．much C．any D．little 2.Are there ____ computers in your classroom? No. There aren’t ___ computers in our classroom. A．some; some B．any; any C．some; any D．any; some 3.There is_______ food here. We must go and buy some. A．some B．any C．no D．a little 4.I’m hungry. I want ____________ to eat. A.anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 5.Do you have____________to say? --No, I have ____________ to say. A.something, everything B. nothing, something C. everything, anything D. anything, nothing 6.Why not ask ____________to help you. A.everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none 7.Everything ____________ ready. We can start now. A.are B. is C. be D. were 8.There’s ____________with his eyes. He’s OK. A.anything wrong B. wrong something C.nothing wrong D.wrong nothing 9. Is there_____ in today’s newspaper? Yes, the UK’s Queen Elizabeth II passed away at 96. You can read this news_____. A.new something; somewhere B. anything new; everywhere C. something new; nowhere D. new something; anywhere 10.Sorry,Jack. I have _________ to do, so I can’t go to the library with you today. A.anything important B. important something C.something important D.important anything 答案：1-5:CBCBD 6-10:BBCBC 模块三 题型专项训练 1、 阅读理解 A篇 The Palace Museum is also called the Forbidden City. It lies in the heart of Beijing. The Palace Museum was the imperial (皇帝的) palaces during the Ming and Qing dynasties (朝代). It has a historyof more than 500 years. The Palace Museum is the world's largest palace museum. It is more than 720,000 square meters in size. It is 961 meters long and 760 meters wide, with about 9,000 houses. In 1406, Chinese people began to build it. The construction was finally finished in 1420. In 1925, the Forbidden City was changed into a museum. And it is also the largest museum in China.It has a collection of one million valuable artworks, and most of them belonged to the imperial families of the Ming and Qing dynasties. The museum is open to the public nowadays. Today, many visitors from all over the world come to visit the Palace Museum. ( ) 1. What is another name of the Palace Museum? A. The Summer Palace. B. The Forbidden City. C. The Great Wall. D. Tian' anmen Square. ( ) 2. When did people start to build the Forbidden City? A. In 1407. B. In 1406. C. In 1420. D. In 1925. ( ) 3. How long did it take to complete the construction of the Forbidden City? A. Forty years. B. Fourteen years. C. Sixteen years. D. Forty-one years. ( ) 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The Forbidden City was the imperial palaces in every dynasty in China. B. The Forbidden City was the largest palace museum in the world. C. The Forbidden City covers an area of more than 720,000 square meters. D. The Forbidden City was changed into a museum in 1925. ( ) 5. This passage most probably comes from a (n) ______. A. encyclopaedia B. notebook C. dictionary D. storybook 答案：1-5:BBBAC B篇（2023年宝安期中考试） Here are some encyclopedias for you to read in our online library. The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition): An English-language dictionary containing more than 51,000 topics, the Columbia Encyclopedia provides trusted facts and information. More than 200 people make great efforts for depth and accuracy (精确) of the encyclopedia. Its topics are complete and clear. Medical encyclopedias: Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators and students. The library of free medical encyclopedias contains a variety of trusted facts that cover medical conditions, medical symptoms (症状), and medical causes of health-related problems. Computer encyclopedias: Our online library of computer encyclopedias is very useful whether you’re looking for in-depth research or just learning about computer technology. The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science, computer science and engineering, and computer science and technology. Science encyclopedias: Our online library of science encyclopedias covers a variety of topics from biology, psychology, and chemistry to religion and science discoveries. Our online science encyclopedias for kids are a big help for school research projects and science experiments. 1. How many kinds of encyclopedias are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. Medical encyclopedias are for the follow EXCEPT ________. A. doctors B. educators C. scientists D. students 3. Maria is a student and she wants to learn something about computer science. Which of the following can she choose? A. The Columbia encyclopedias. B. Computer encyclopedias. C. Medical encyclopedias. D. Science encyclopedias. 4. The underlined word “covers” mean “________” in English. A. includes B. opens C. turns D. finds 5. Where does the passage probably come from? A A magazine. B. A school website. C. A storybook. D. A diary. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了可供在在线图书馆阅读的一些百科全书。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition)”、“Medical encyclopedias”、“Computer encyclopedias”和“Science encyclopedias”可知文中一共提到4种百科全书。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators, and students.”可知，在线医学百科全书是为医生、教育工作者和学生准备的。没有提到科学家。故选C。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science, computer science and engineering, and computer science and technology.”可知，计算机百科全书包括计算机科学、计算机科学与工程以及计算机科学与技术等主题。因此Mary作为学生想要学习有关计算机科学，可以选择计算机百科全书。故选B。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Our online library of science encyclopedias covers a variety of topics from biology, psychology, and chemistry to religion and science discoveries.”可知，我们的在线科学百科全书库涵盖了从生物学、心理学、化学到宗教和科学发现等各种主题。因此covers意为“涵盖、覆盖”，与includes同义。故选A。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Here are some encyclopedias for you to read in our online library.”可知，本文介绍了可供在在线图书馆阅读的一些百科全书。因此这篇文章应是来自一个学校网站。故选B。 C（2023年宝安期中考试） A few days after the party Mary saw Tom again. He was standing at an upstairs window in the mansion (豪宅) and looking down at their garden. Beth and Amy were playing in the snow. They were throwing snowballs and having a lot of fun. Tom’s face was very sad. “Poor boy!” she thought, “He’s all alone. It’s a shame. He needs some friends.” She couldn’t stop thinking about him. She wanted to go and see him but how could she go to his house without an invitation? Then one snowy afternoon, while she was looking out of the window, she saw Mr Laurence, Tom’s grandfather. He was getting into his carriage. He was going out. This gave her an idea. “Tom is alone in the house now.” She thought. “Perhaps he’s looking out on his window.” She put on her hat and an old coat and took a broom and a shovel (铁铲) from the kitchen. “What are you going to do, Mary?” asked Meg when she saw her sister in the hall. “I want to get some exercise,” answered Mary with a smile. “I’m going to clear the garden path.” Tom was standing at the window again. He wasn’t looking at her so she threw a snowball to get his attention. When the snow hit the glass, he turned his head immediately (立即) and a big snowball changed his pale, sad face. Mary laughed and shouted,“How are you? Are you ill?” Tom opened the window and said, “I’m better now, thank you. I had a bad cold and I had to stay inside for a week.” 1. After reading the story, we know that Mary was ________. A. kind B. rich C. hard-working D. lonely 2. Mary went to Tom’s house and saw him ________. A. with Tom’s invitation B. after she found a good excuse (借口) C. when Mr Laurence was in D. before she cleared the garden path carefully 3. Tom didn’t come out to play with snow because ________. A. other children didn’t like him B. he didn’t feel well C. his grandfather didn’t allow him to go out D. he liked being all alone 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Mary came to Tom’s house on a rainy day. B. Tom didn’t want to see Mary. C. Tom was sad because he needed to leave the house. D. Mary overcame difficulties to accompany Tom. 5. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. Tom wanted to go out and play with snow. B. Tom lived with his parents. C. Mary wanted to see Mr Laurence. D. Mary liked doing exercise. 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲了Mary通过找机会与Tom见面来关心Tom的故事。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据“ ‘Poor boy!’ she thought, ‘He’s all alone. It’s a shame. He needs some friends.’ ”可知，Mary认为Tom很可怜，需要朋友，故推断出Mary是一个善良的人。故选A。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Then one snowy afternoon, while she was looking out of the window, she saw Mr Laurence, Tom’s grandfather. He was getting into his carriage. He was going out. This gave her an idea.”可知，Mary在看到Mr Laurence出门后，找了一个借口去Tom的家。故选B。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据“ ‘I’m better now, thank you. I had a bad cold and I had to stay inside for a week.’ ”可知，Tom得了重感冒不得不待在家里，所以他没有出去玩雪。故选B。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据“She wanted to go and see him but how could she go to his house without an invitation?”以及“She put on her hat and an old coat and took a broom and a shovel (铁铲) from the kitchen. ”可知，Mary想要在没有邀请的情况下去看望Tom，故而找机会见Tom，克服困难去陪伴Tom。故选D。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Beth and Amy were playing in the snow. They were throwing snowballs and having a lot of fun. Tom’s face was very sad.”可知，Tom看到伙伴们在外面玩雪很快乐，他很悲伤，故推测出Tom想出去玩雪。故选A。 D（2023年宝安期中考试） People pay close attention to 5G these years. So, what is 5G? The “G” stands for (代表) the generation of your mobile network. 5G is the 5th generation mobile networks and it’s a hundred times faster than 4G. The first 5G video call was made on a Huawei Mate X smartphone on March 30, 2019. Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks. Monaco became the first country in Europe to use a next-generation 5G mobile phone network based on technology from Chinese company Huawei. It sounds obvious, but it’s important to understand just how much faster 5G is compared to current 4G speeds. 5G will not only be many, many times faster than your existing connection, and it will be greatly faster than the broadband connection you have at home. Now, 4G takes about 100 to 200 milliseconds to send and receive data. But 5G will get it down to 1 millisecond or less. This big change will not only make our mobile Internet faster. It can be used in many other ways as well. For example, 5G will help make self-driving cars safer. Today’s self-driving test cars have one problem—lag. When the car “sees” an obstacle (障碍), it sends this information to a data centre and receives instructions. However, it takes time to send and receive this information. With this kind of lag, the cars might crash because they don’t receive instructions in time. With 5G, this lag will be greatly lowered, making the cars safer, according to CNN. 5G could also be used to power the Internet of Things (IOT). This refers to a large online network that connects all things and people. Fast Internet speeds will be the key to developing this technology. For example, with IOT under 5G, your fridge could automatically (自动地) place an order online for eggs when it finds that there are no eggs left inside. All in all, 5G will shape every type of technology that it touches. And you won’t have to wait too long for that to happen. Though we’ve seen a lot of positive progress just in the last year, we still have a long way to go before 5G is anywhere near as common as 4G is right now. 1. Which city first tested 5G? A. Beijing. B. Guangzhou. C. Shenzhen. D. Shanghai. 2. What can we learn about from Paragraph 2? A. 5G is widely used in Shanghai. B. It took lots of efforts to test 5G. C. China and Monaco is working on its 5G networks. D. 5G would make it possible to take videos. 3. What does the underlined word “lag” probably mean? A. Delay. B. Order. C. Speed. D. Ability. 4. Why does the writer mention the fridge? A. To describe the importance of IOT. B. To encourage people to try the new product. C. To introduce how to use the Internet of Things. D. To show 5G would make IOT more powerful. 5. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. Can 5G go far? B. How is 5G changing our work? C. 5G is on the way D. China is leading the world in 5G 【答案】51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了5G。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks.”可知，上海是中国第一个开始测试5G网络的城市。故选D。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Shanghai has also...Monaco became the first country...”可知，该段介绍了上海和摩纳哥在测试和使用5G网络。故选C。 【53题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“However, it takes time to send and receive this information.”可知，发送和接收信息需要时间。结合选项，“延迟”符合语境。故选A。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据“5G could also be used to power the Internet of Things (IOT).”和“Fast Internet speeds will be the key...when it finds that there are no eggs left inside.”可知，文中提到冰箱的例子是为了论证5G还可用来推动物联网。故选D。 【55题详解】 最佳标题题。根据“Though we’ve seen a lot of positive progress just in the last year, we still have a long way to go before 5G is anywhere near as common as 4G is right now.”和全文可知，整篇文章围绕着5G展开，让大家尽请期待，选项C“5G正在路上”符合。故选C。 模块四 课后作业（20分钟） 一．用some,any填空 1.I don’t have __________________milk for breakfast. 2.Does he have ______________brothers or sisters ? 3.There aren’t _____________pictures on the wall. 4.Can I ask ____________________questions ? 5. Are there ________flowers in you classroom ? No, there aren’t _________. 6. We have ____________apples, but we don’t have ____________pears. 7. Is there __________orange juice in the fridge ? Yes, there is____________. 8. I can speak ____________English, but I can’t speak___________Russian. 9. Do they have ____________color pencil ? No, they don’t have___________. 10. There isn’t ____________meat at home. I must go and buy____________. 答案：1.any 2.any 3.any 4.some 5.any,any 6.some,any 7.any;some 8.some,any 9.any,any10.any,some 二．选择题 ( )1.There isn’t ________ in the classroom.   A. everybody   B. somebody     C. anybody    D. nobody  ( )2. I can’t find_________ in the cardboard box. It’s empty. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. some things ( )3.---Did you see ______ in the classroom? ---No, I saw ______ in the classroom. A. someone；anybody B. anyone；nobody C. someone；somebody D. anyone；anybody ( )4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ________. A. everything       B. anything C. something       D. nothing ( )5.Be quiet! I have ____ to tell you. A．important anything　 B．anything important C．important something D．something important ( )6.–Have you got ______ready for the sports meeting? -Not. Yet. We still have ______ to do. A. anything; nothing      B. something; everything C. everything; something    D. something; nothing ( )7. ______ is impossible if you put your heart into it. A. Everything       B. Anything C. Something       D. Nothing ( )8. "I hear__________ your grandpa__________ your grandma like watching Min Opera.""Right, just as many old people do in Fuzhou." A. both; of B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also 答案：1-8:CCBADCAD ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$