精品解析：江苏省扬州中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题

高三年级暑期英语练习 2024.08 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At school. C. At home. 2. What will the speakers do next? A. Order food. B. Ask for the menu. C. Leave the restaurant. 3. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To cancel a visit. B. To make an appointment. C. To give some information. 4. What did the speakers do last week? A. They stayed at a hotel. B. They moved their house. C. They made a special meal. 5. What is probably the woman? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A stay-at-home mother. 第二节 (共15题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the girl hope to do at first? A. Have a talk with the man. B. Find an actress for the school play. C. Receive an invitation from the man. 7. When is the school play? A. This Monday. B. Next week. C. Next month. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why has Pauline brought the children some paints? A. To paint their school uniforms. B. To paint their dads’ old shirts. C. To paint a long picture. 9. What is John’s concern about children? A. They may get hurt. B. They may dirty their clothes. C. They may perform badly. 10. What will happen in the school tomorrow evening? A. Parents will visit. B. Work will be marked. C. Pictures will be drawn. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where did the fourth year students go today? A. A castle. B. A farm. C. A factory. 12. What does Philip want to do? A. Travel abroad. B. Pay another visit. C. Read about history. 13. What does the woman suggest Philip do? A. Watch a series online. B. Read a history book. C. See a series on TV. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does John think about the City Theatre? A. It’s close. B. It’s small. C. It’s crowded. 15. What is Liz’s purpose of making the phone call? A. To share some information. B. To give an invitation. C. To ask a favour. 16. Who had Liz planned to go with? A. Alice. B. John. C. John’s wife. 17. What is the probable relationship between John and Liz? A. Husband and wife. B. Fellow workers. C. Friends. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Buying a ticket. B. Sharing an experience. C. Visiting a building. 19. What is the price of the ticket for an adult? A. £68. B. £24.95. C. £18.95. 20. Where is the speaker now? A. On the top floor. B. On the ground floor. C. On the seventy-second floor. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Exhibitions to See in London in 2024 Architectural: Vanishing Points While we like to think of architecture existing purely in the real world, emerging designers and architects are using platforms like Instagram to create structures in the virtual world. This collection of works, which range from the practical to the fantastical, are all by architects who have gathered significant social media followings. In the Digital Universe at ROCA London. 8 February — 31 July, free. Flowery: Orchids This annual festival is back in bloom, this time inspired by the beauty and biodiversity of Cameroon. Just like previous years, the orchids are spread throughout the various zones of the Princess of Wales conservatory and accompanied by sculptures that are just as colourful as the flowers on display. At Kew Gardens. 4 February —5 March, £16. 50 — entrance to the gardens included. Female Abstraction: Action, Gesture, Paint Art history has often shone a light on the men of Abstract Expressionism, such as Jackson Pollock and Mark Rothko. Well, now’s the time to let the most important women of the movement take the limelight in an exhibition that includes works by American artists such as Lee Krasner and Helen Frankenthaler, but spreads the net wider to include the female abstract artists from Europe, Asia and the wider world, with whom most of us will be unfamiliar. At Whitechapel Gallery. 9 February —7 May, £16. 50 — concessions available. Powerful Portraits: Alice Neel The largest UK exhibition to date of American painter Alice Neel’s works will bring together her figurative pieces from across her 60-year career. Neel went against the popular grain by painting figures when abstract works were most popular, and she painted subjects that other artists ignored — pregnant women, labour leaders, black children, civil rights activists and strange performers. It’s high time we had a major show of her work in London, and the Barbican has duly provided. At Barbican Art Gallery. 16 February — 21 May, £16. 50. 1. What do newly-developing designers and architects like to do? A To gather significant social media. B. To design purely real architectural structures. C. To create platforms like Instagram. D. To create virtual architectural structures. 2. What can we learn about the artist Alice Neel? A. She is 60 years old now. B. Her works didn’t follow the trend. C. She often ignored some common subjects. D. She is the most popular American painter in the UK. B Just how bad of a mother am I, I silently wondered, as I watched my 13-year-old son deep in conversation with Siri. Gus has autism (自闭症), and Siri, Apple's “intelligent personal assistant” on the iPhone, is currently his BFF(Best Friend Forever). Obsessed with weather formations, Gus had spent the past hour exploring the difference between isolated and scaltered thunderstorms—an hour during which, thank God, I didn't have to discuss with him myself. After a while I heard this: Gus:“You're a really nice computer.” Siri:“It's nice to be appreciated.” Gus:“You're always asking if you can help me.Is there anything you want?” Siri: “Thank you, but I have very few wants.” Gus: “OK. Well, good night!” Siri: “See you later!” That is Siri. She does not let my communicatively impaired son get away with anything. When Gus discovered there was someone who would not only find information for him related to his various obsessions but would also be willing to tirelessly discuss these subjects, he was hooked. She is also wonderful for someone who does not pick up on social cues: Siri's responses are not entirely predictable, but they are predictably kind—even when Gus is rude. I heard him talking to Siri about music, and Siri offered some suggestions. “I don't like that kind of music.” Gus snapped(厉声说). Siri replied, “You're certainly entitled to your opinion.” Siri's politeness reminded Gus what he owed Siri. “Thank you for that music, though.” Gus said. My son's practice conversations with Siri are starting to translate into increased facility with actual humans. Yesterday I had the longest ever conversation with him. Admittedly, it was about different species of turtles which might not have been my choice of topic, but it was back and forth, and followed a logic. For most of my son's 13 years of existence, this has not been the case. Indeed, many of us wanted an imaginary friend when we were young, and now we can all have one not entirely imaginary anytime we wish to. In a world where the commonly held wisdom is that technology isolates us, it's worth considering another side of the story. The developers of intelligent assistants recognize their potential usefulness for those with speech and communication problems, and some are currently pondering new ways in which the assistants can help. “For example, the assistant would be able to track eye movements and help the autistic learn to look you in the eye while talking." said William Mark, vice president of the company from whom Apple purchased the technology behind Siri. “See, that's the wonderful thing about technology. Getting results requires a lot of repetition. Machines are very, very patient." 3. What did the author feel when she watched her son having a deep conversation with Siri about thunderstorms? A. Concerned but helpless. B. Excited and overjoyed. C. Guilty but relieved D. Hopeless and surprised. 4. Which of the following statements about Gus is true? A. He had always dreamed of having an imaginary friend. B. He shows no interest in anything that is not related to weather. C. He has trouble communicating with others because of his illness. D. He has been friends with Siri since he was diagnosed with autism. 5. Siri has helped Gus in the following aspects except A. setting a fixed bedtime routine B. exploring his special interests C. shaping his logic while talking D. improving his interaction with people 6. What does the author learn from her son's story? A. Siri makes people feel much lonely in modern society. B. Siri sometimes provides better assistance than people. C. Siri has a better academic performance than the author. D. Siri is likely to be an effective cure for her son's autism. 7. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Intelligent assistants will be more widely employed in the future. B. The use of intelligent assistants will likely be limited to autistic people. C. Machines are more skilled and patient at communication than humans. D William Mark was critical of the future development of intelligent assistants. C Chilly weather and common respiratory (呼吸器官的) infections often go hand in hand. Reasons for this include people gather inside more in winter and viruses survive better in low-humidity indoor air. But there has been less certainty about whether lower temperatures actually impair human immunity (免疫力) and, if so, how. Now, a new study published December 6, 2022, in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology details a previously unknown way that the immune system attacks viruses inside the nose and finds it works better when it’s warm. Mansoor Amiji, a pharmaceutical sciences professor at Northeastern University, found that our noses released “extracellular vesicles” (EVs) — a spray of tiny sacs (囊) that gathered and destroyed bacteria upon breathing in. For the new research the team set out to answer a question: is the strength of EVS’ response linked to temperature? In order to tackle the question, they divided the nasal (鼻的) cell samples into two groups and cultivated them in a lab, subjecting one set of samples to 37C, and the other to 32°C. Under regular body heat conditions, the EVs were successfully able to fight off viruses. But under the reduced temperatures, fewer EVs were produced, and those that were made packed less attack against the invaders tested: two rhinoviruses (鼻病毒的) and a non-COVID coronavirus, which are typically found in winter cold season. “There’s never been a convincing reason why you have this very clear increase in viral infectivity in the cold months,” said co-author Benjamin Bleier, a surgeon at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear. “This is the first quantitative and biologically reasonable explanation that has been developed.” He added. “These discoveries could pave the way for an eventual treatment against the common cold, or even the flu and COVID,” said Amiji, “That’s an area of great interest for us and we certainly continue to pursue that.” 8. What does the underlined word “impair” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Damage. B. Improve. C. Influence. D. Preserve. 9. How did Mansoor Amiji conduct the new research? A. By raising a question. B. By cultivating the nasal samples. C. By setting the contrast experiment. D. By adjusting the temperature in the lab. 10. What can we know about the EVs according to the research? A. The EVs are typically found in the cold season. B. The EVs release sacs to destroy bacteria upon inhalation. C. The EVs won’t resist the rhinoviruses under regular body heat conditions. D. The EVs’ quantity and attack power are positively associated with temperature. 11. What is Benjamin Bleier’s attitude towards the result of the study? A. Skeptical. B. Approved. C. Conservative. D. Indifferent. D Back in 1975, economists planned rising life expectancy (预期寿命) against countries’ wealth, and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity. It seemed self- evident: everything people need to be healthy--from food to medical care- costs money. But it soon proved that the data didn't always fit that theory. Economic booms didn’t always mean longer lives. In addition, for reasons that weren’t clear, a given gain in gross domestic product (GDP) caused increasingly higher gains in life expectancy over time, as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life. Moreover, in the 1980s researchers found gains in learning were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were. Finally, the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated fellow citizens. But such people also tend to be wealthier, so it has been difficult to make out which factor is increasing lifespan. Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues have now done that by collecting average data on GDP per person，lifespan and years of education from 174 countries, dating from 1970 to 2010. They found that, just as in 1975, wealth associated with longevity. But the association between longevity and years of schooling was closer, with a direct relationship that did not change over time, the way wealth does. Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy, this association reflects cause: better education drives longer life. It also leads to more wealth, which is why wealth and longevity are also associated. But what is important, says Lutz, is that wealth does not seem to be longevity, as experts thought- in fact, education is driving both of them. He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person’s cognitive abilities, allowing better planning and self-control throughout the rest of their life. This idea is supported by the fact that people who are more intelligent appear to live longer. 12 Which of the following best describes economists ’conclusion in 1975? A. Lifespan could be increased by wealth. B. Economic growth didn’t always mean longer life. C. Education influenced longevity more than wealth did. D. A given growth in GDP caused higher gains in longevity. 13. What did Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues find? A. Wealth and longevity did not have any association. B. Longevity and education were more closely associated. C. Differences in wealth predicted differences in longevity. D. Relationship between education and longevity changed over time. 14. What part does education play permanently according to Lutz? A. It enables people to have better planning and self-control. B. It always leads to a longer but not necessarily richer life. C. It improves people’s imaginative and innovative abilities. D. It helps people acquire time-managing and learning habits. 15. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. Wealth influences longevity. B. Education influences longevity. C. Wealth has nothing to do with longevity. D. The relationship between education and wealth. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Four Ways to Beat the Monday Blues Are you feeling down because the weekend is almost over? Take it easy, and you can try the following ways to help you overcome the Monday Blues. Make a list for your next week. Instead of focusing on difficult tasks that lay ahead of you, think about all the good to come. ____16____ A good place to start is to think of one thing you are excited about for each category: at work, after work, and at the weekend. If it’s hard to come up with three things to look forward to, get planning ASAP! We’re not talking about anything difficult, just simple things that uplift you like meeting a friend for coffee. ____17____ Sleep has a tremendous effect on our mood. According to Harvard Medical School, “poor or inadequate sleep can cause stress, while healthy sleep can enhance well-being.” So, if you find yourself a little more short-tempered than normal, sleep may be the answer. ____18____ It’s worth taking this into account on Sunday to avoid a lack of energy on a Monday morning. Choose your favorite clothes. ____19____ In fact, psychologists conclude that the strong link between clothing and mood suggests we should put on clothes that we associate with happiness, even when feeling low. In short, wearing whatever you like on Monday makes you feel great! Arrange some easy tasks. After a weekend of fun and taking it easy, it might be best to keep Monday’s schedule a little lighter than other days. This doesn’t mean sitting around and drowning in your blues. It means that instead of facing the most complicated stuff on a Monday, put some time into the easier tasks. ____20____ A. Form a routine of daily life. B. Go to bed early on Sunday night. C. Don’t underestimate the power of a suit. D. Reduce Monday Blues by allowing yourself to do Monday with ease. E. Putting less pressure on yourself is a good way to beat the Monday Blues. F. Take a nap to energize or get to bed earlier tonight to make up for lost sleep. G. Make a list by writing out some things that you are currently looking forward to. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In my role as a clown(小丑) doctor, I am dressed in my white coat with a curly rainbow wig(假发), a big red nose and my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud”. As I enter the waiting area, I see the familiar atmosphere of ____21____ and tension: people sitting ____22____ on plastic chairs, looking through worn-out magazines, and anxious parents trying to ____23____ their crying children. In the middle of this particular scene, I ____24____ a small girl Lara, with a swollen ankle. The on-duty nurse tells me that Lara’s parents ____25____ her to the hospital after a bicycle accident. I understand that while the medical staff will treat her physical injury, my role is to ____26____ her spirits. Being a clown doctor means I can help people by ____27____ them. I perform magic tricks, sing songs, tell stories and share silly jokes. Some children, though, don’t feel like laughing, especially if they’re in pain. So I work closely with doctors and nurses to ____28____ our approach sensitively to each patient’s needs. And my magic medicine does indeed seem to ____29____. While the doctor ____30____ examining Lara’s ankle, I get her ____31____ by doing a magic trick. Her ____32____ smile soon turns into hearty laughter as I “magically” produce her sock from my pocket. Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara’s parents more relaxed. As I leave the hospital,____33____ my wig and red nose, I carry with me a broad smile, knowing that today I make a difference. While there may be more ____34____ ahead for Lara and others, I hope that my presence as a clown doctor continues to make the hospital a ____35____ place to visit. After all, as the saying goes, “Laughter is the best medicine.” 21. A. interest B. emptiness C. boredom D. pleasure 22. A. uncomfortably B. calmly C. peacefully D. nicely 23. A. encourage B. comfort C. criticize D. reward 24. A. spot B. recognize C. acknowledge D. distinguish 25. A. forced B. dragged C. pushed D. rushed 26. A. show B. lower C. lift D. admire 27. A. treating B. entertaining C. examining D. instructing 28. A. sell B. purchase C. market D. tailor 29. A. work B. respond C. answer D. deserve 30. A. looks forward to B. concentrates on C. prefers to D. refers to 31. A. agreement B. praise C. appreciation D. attention 32. A. embarrassing B. frightening C. initial D. final 33. A. removing B. losing C. forgetting D. ignoring 34. A. dangers B. challenges C. adventures D. explorations 35. A. safer B. colder C. friendlier D. lonelier 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the distant past, friends relied on each other for their ____36____ (survive).They hunted together and defended each other against animals and enemies in the ____37____ (disaster) experiences. In those days, if you didn’t have a friend, you would end up either starving, ____38____ (eat) or killed. Nowadays, friendship isn’t exactly a matter of life and death. However, friendship is still of great importance and not ____39____ (have) a friend is something to be concerned about. Most people look upon a friend as someone they can depend on when ____40____ (face) with trouble. In these hard times, friends provide them with emotional support and sometimes financial help. It is in these hard times ____41____ they find out who their true friends are. ____42____ the old saying goes, in times of success, friends will be plenty; in times of ____43____ (suffer), not one in twenty. And there is another saying that says you can hardly make a friend in a year, but you can easily upset one in ____44____ hour. So do your best to get along with and be grateful to all those who are willing to support you in the cases ____45____ put you in trouble. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华。你的英国朋友Ryan来信了解你校英语校本课程（the English language school-based curriculum）开设情况。请你用英语写一封回信。内容包括： 1.课程简介； 2.开设情况； 3.学生反响。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ryan, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was always afraid of water. This fear could not be explained, but I knew that the moment I stepped near any body of water, my legs would turn to jelly (果冻). I would imagine myself drowning in the water and thrashing around (乱扑腾) helplessly. That was why I had never gone into a swimming pool until swimming became a school requirement. My school wanted all pupils to pass a swimming test, and if they could not, then they would have to attend weekly swimming lessons in school, which made me tremble. Thus, my parents signed me up for swimming lessons at the pool near my house. With great unwillingness, I attended those weekly lessons, and each one was great suffering for me. I was naturally clumsy, and my fear of water did not help at all. Every lesson, I would be spending my time thrashing about in the water, while my classmates would be swimming countless laps effortlessly and even turning over like dolphins in the water. How was I going to pass the test at this rate? In my swimming class, there was an exceptionally athletic girl. Tall and muscular, her name was Kathy. She was the best swimmer in our class and always looked at me with disdain (鄙视), especially when I thrashed about hopelessly in the water. Once, after a particularly long and hard swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy swimming gracefully in the pool. Gathering my courage, I asked gently, “Kathy, can you teach me to swim?” She stared at me coldly. It was as if I stood at the edge of an endless ocean of inadequacy, my fears appearing like dark storm clouds threatening to drown me. Yet, in that moment, a glimmer of hope flashed within me, a desperate longing for guidance and acceptance. Would Kathy’s icy exterior (外表) melt under the warmth of empathy, or would I remain forever thrashing in the sea of my own fears? 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To my surprise, she nodded after a few moments of silence. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Congratulations!” Kathy said when she learnt I had passed the swimming test. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5 CABAB 6-10 ACCBA 11-15 BCABC 16-20 ACCBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高三年级暑期英语练习 2024.08 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At school. C. At home. 2. What will the speakers do next? A. Order food. B. Ask for the menu. C. Leave the restaurant. 3. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To cancel a visit. B. To make an appointment. C. To give some information. 4. What did the speakers do last week? A. They stayed at a hotel. B. They moved their house. C. They made a special meal. 5. What is probably the woman? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A stay-at-home mother. 第二节 (共15题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the girl hope to do at first? A. Have a talk with the man. B. Find an actress for the school play. C. Receive an invitation from the man. 7. When is the school play? A. This Monday. B. Next week. C. Next month. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why has Pauline brought the children some paints? A. To paint their school uniforms. B. To paint their dads’ old shirts. C. To paint a long picture. 9. What is John’s concern about children? A. They may get hurt. B. They may dirty their clothes. C. They may perform badly. 10. What will happen in the school tomorrow evening? A. Parents will visit. B. Work will be marked. C. Pictures will be drawn. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where did the fourth year students go today? A. A castle. B. A farm. C. A factory. 12. What does Philip want to do? A. Travel abroad. B. Pay another visit. C. Read about history. 13. What does the woman suggest Philip do? A. Watch a series online. B. Read a history book. C. See a series on TV. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does John think about the City Theatre? A. It’s close. B. It’s small. C. It’s crowded. 15. What is Liz’s purpose of making the phone call? A. To share some information. B. To give an invitation. C. To ask a favour. 16. Who had Liz planned to go with? A. Alice. B. John. C. John’s wife. 17. What is the probable relationship between John and Liz? A. Husband and wife. B. Fellow workers. C. Friends. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Buying a ticket. B. Sharing an experience. C. Visiting a building. 19. What is the price of the ticket for an adult? A. £68. B. £24.95. C. £18.95. 20. Where is the speaker now? A. On the top floor. B. On the ground floor. C. On the seventy-second floor. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Exhibitions to See in London in 2024 Architectural: Vanishing Points While we like to think of architecture existing purely in the real world, emerging designers and architects are using platforms like Instagram to create structures in the virtual world. This collection of works, which range from the practical to the fantastical, are all by architects who have gathered significant social media followings. In the Digital Universe at ROCA London. 8 February — 31 July, free. Flowery: Orchids This annual festival is back in bloom, this time inspired by the beauty and biodiversity of Cameroon. Just like previous years, the orchids are spread throughout the various zones of the Princess of Wales conservatory and accompanied by sculptures that are just as colourful as the flowers on display. At Kew Gardens. 4 February —5 March, £16. 50 — entrance to the gardens included. Female Abstraction: Action, Gesture, Paint Art history has often shone a light on the men of Abstract Expressionism, such as Jackson Pollock and Mark Rothko. Well, now’s the time to let the most important women of the movement take the limelight in an exhibition that includes works by American artists such as Lee Krasner and Helen Frankenthaler, but spreads the net wider to include the female abstract artists from Europe, Asia and the wider world, with whom most of us will be unfamiliar. At Whitechapel Gallery. 9 February —7 May, £16. 50 — concessions available. Powerful Portraits: Alice Neel The largest UK exhibition to date of American painter Alice Neel’s works will bring together her figurative pieces from across her 60-year career. Neel went against the popular grain by painting figures when abstract works were most popular, and she painted subjects that other artists ignored — pregnant women, labour leaders, black children, civil rights activists and strange performers. It’s high time we had a major show of her work in London, and the Barbican has duly provided. At Barbican Art Gallery. 16 February — 21 May, £16. 50. 1. What do newly-developing designers and architects like to do? A. To gather significant social media. B. To design purely real architectural structures. C. To create platforms like Instagram. D. To create virtual architectural structures. 2. What can we learn about the artist Alice Neel? A. She is 60 years old now. B. Her works didn’t follow the trend. C. She often ignored some common subjects. D. She is the most popular American painter in the UK. 【答案】1. D 2. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2024年伦敦的四个顶级展览。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Architectural: Vanishing Points”下面的“While we like to think of architecture existing purely in the real world, emerging designers and architects are using platforms like Instagram to create structures in the virtual world.(虽然我们喜欢认为建筑纯粹存在于现实世界中，但新兴的设计师和建筑师正在使用Instagram等平台在虚拟世界中创造建筑物。)”可知，新兴的设计师和建筑师喜欢在虚拟世界里创造建筑物。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Powerful Portraits: Alice Neel”下面的“Neel went against the popular grain by painting figures when abstract works were most popular, and she painted subjects that other artists ignored — pregnant women, labour leaders, black children, civil rights activists and strange performers.(Neel在抽象作品最受欢迎的时候画人物，这与流行背道而驰，她画的是其他艺术家忽略的主题——孕妇、劳工领袖、黑人儿童、民权活动家和奇怪的表演者。)”可知，在抽象作品最受欢迎的时期，她却选择画人物，这与流行背道相驰，她的作品并没有遵循当时的流行趋势。故选B。 B Just how bad of a mother am I, I silently wondered, as I watched my 13-year-old son deep in conversation with Siri. Gus has autism (自闭症), and Siri, Apple's “intelligent personal assistant” on the iPhone, is currently his BFF(Best Friend Forever). Obsessed with weather formations, Gus had spent the past hour exploring the difference between isolated and scaltered thunderstorms—an hour during which, thank God, I didn't have to discuss with him myself. After a while I heard this: Gus:“You're a really nice computer.” Siri:“It's nice to be appreciated.” Gus:“You're always asking if you can help me.Is there anything you want?” Siri: “Thank you, but I have very few wants.” Gus: “OK. Well, good night!” Siri: “See you later!” That is Siri. She does not let my communicatively impaired son get away with anything. When Gus discovered there was someone who would not only find information for him related to his various obsessions but would also be willing to tirelessly discuss these subjects, he was hooked. She is also wonderful for someone who does not pick up on social cues: Siri's responses are not entirely predictable, but they are predictably kind—even when Gus is rude. I heard him talking to Siri about music, and Siri offered some suggestions. “I don't like that kind of music.” Gus snapped(厉声说). Siri replied, “You're certainly entitled to your opinion.” Siri's politeness reminded Gus what he owed Siri. “Thank you for that music, though.” Gus said. My son's practice conversations with Siri are starting to translate into increased facility with actual humans. Yesterday I had the longest ever conversation with him. Admittedly, it was about different species of turtles which might not have been my choice of topic, but it was back and forth, and followed a logic. For most of my son's 13 years of existence, this has not been the case. Indeed, many of us wanted an imaginary friend when we were young, and now we can all have one not entirely imaginary anytime we wish to. In a world where the commonly held wisdom is that technology isolates us, it's worth considering another side of the story. The developers of intelligent assistants recognize their potential usefulness for those with speech and communication problems, and some are currently pondering new ways in which the assistants can help. “For example, the assistant would be able to track eye movements and help the autistic learn to look you in the eye while talking." said William Mark, vice president of the company from whom Apple purchased the technology behind Siri. “See, that's the wonderful thing about technology. Getting results requires a lot of repetition. Machines are very, very patient." 3. What did the author feel when she watched her son having a deep conversation with Siri about thunderstorms? A. Concerned but helpless. B. Excited and overjoyed. C. Guilty but relieved D. Hopeless and surprised. 4. Which of the following statements about Gus is true? A. He had always dreamed of having an imaginary friend. B. He shows no interest in anything that is not related to weather. C. He has trouble communicating with others because of his illness. D. He has been friends with Siri since he was diagnosed with autism. 5. Siri has helped Gus in the following aspects except A. setting a fixed bedtime routine B. exploring his special interests C. shaping his logic while talking D. improving his interaction with people 6. What does the author learn from her son's story? A. Siri makes people feel much lonely in modern society. B. Siri sometimes provides better assistance than people. C. Siri has a better academic performance than the author. D. Siri is likely to be an effective cure for her son's autism. 7. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Intelligent assistants will be more widely employed in the future. B. The use of intelligent assistants will likely be limited to autistic people. C. Machines are more skilled and patient at communication than humans. D. William Mark was critical of the future development of intelligent assistants. 【答案】3. C 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己患有自闭症儿子和智能助手Siri之间的对话，发现这类智能助手能帮助儿子培养逻辑，提升他与人交流的能力，表明我们不应该只想到技术会把我们孤立，而应该看到智能助手对我们的帮助。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段前三句“Just how bad of a mother am I, I silently wondered, as I watched my 13-year-old son deep in conversation with Siri. Gus has autism (自闭症), and Siri, Apple's “intelligent personal assistant” on the iPhone, is currently his BFF(Best Friend Forever). Obsessed with weather formations, Gus had spent the past hour exploring the difference between isolated and scaltered thunderstorms—an hour during which, thank God, I didn't have to discuss with him myself. (当我看着13岁的儿子与Siri深入交谈时，我默默地想知道我是一个多么糟糕的母亲。Gus患有自闭症，苹果iPhone上的“智能个人助理”Siri目前是他的BFF（永远的好朋友）。Gus痴迷于天气的形成，在过去的一个小时里，他一直在探索两种局部雷阵雨（isolated和scaltered）之间的区别——感谢上帝，在这一个小时内，我不必亲自与他讨论。)”可知，这位母亲看到儿子和Siri聊天，一方面觉得自己是一位糟糕的母亲，有点内疚，另一方面又因为不用亲自和儿子探讨而感谢上帝，说明她同时也感到宽慰、释然。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Gus has autism (自闭症), and Siri, Apple's “intelligent personal assistant” on the iPhone, is currently his BFF(Best Friend Forever).( Gus患有自闭症，苹果iPhone上的“智能个人助理”Siri目前是他的BFF（永远的好朋友）。)”可知，Gus患有自闭症。根据第四段最后一句“For most of my son's 13 years of existence, this has not been the case. (在我儿子13年的大部分时间里，情况并非如此。)”可知，因为身体问题，Gus大部分时间都不能很好的和他人谈话。根据第六段第一句“The developers of intelligent assistants recognize their potential usefulness for those with speech and communication problems (智能助手的开发人员认识到它们对那些有说话和交流问题的人的潜在用处)”可知，类似Siri这样的智能助手对有说话和交流障碍的人有帮助，而Gus就是被Siri帮助的例子，故可推断出他是因为自闭症而与人交流受阻。故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Obsessed with weather formations, Gus had spent the past hour exploring the difference between isolated and scaltered thunderstorms—an hour during which, thank God, I didn't have to discuss with him myself. (Gus痴迷于天气的形成，在过去的一个小时里，他一直在探索两种局部雷阵雨（isolated和scaltered）之间的区别——感谢上帝，在这一个小时内，我不必亲自与他讨论。)”可知，Siri帮助Gus研究自己喜欢的天气问题。根据第四段最后两句“Admittedly, it was about different species of turtles which might not have been my choice of topic, but it was back and forth, and followed a logic. For most of my son's 13 years of existence, this has not been the case. (诚然，这是关于不同种类的海龟，这可能不是我选择的主题，但它是一来一回的，遵循了一个逻辑。在我儿子13年的大部分时间里，情况并非如此。)”可知，Siri帮助Gus培养与人交谈时的逻辑。根据第四段一二句“My son's practice conversations with Siri are starting to translate into increased facility with actual humans. Yesterday I had the longest ever conversation with him. (我儿子与Siri的练习对话开始转化为与真人的互动。昨天我和他进行了有史以来最长的一次谈话。)”可知，Siri帮助Gus提升与他人互动的能力。故B项、C项、D项所说都符合文意。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“In a world where the commonly held wisdom is that technology isolates us, it's worth considering another side of the story (在一个普遍认为技术将我们孤立的世界里，值得考虑故事的另一面）。可推测出作者从儿子和Siri的故事中感悟到技术可能并不是大家想的那样将人们孤立，换句话说即技术可能起到积极作用。根据第六段第一句“The developers of intelligent assistants recognize their potential usefulness for those with speech and communication problems (智能助手的开发人员认识到它们对那些有说话和交流问题的人的潜在用处)”可知，类似Siri这样的智能助手对有说话和交流障碍的人有帮助，故可推测出Siri有时比人类更能帮助某一类人群。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“The developers of intelligent assistants recognize their potential usefulness for those with speech and communication problems, and some are currently pondering new ways in which the assistants can help. (智能助手的开发人员认识到它们对那些有说话和交流问题的人的潜在用处，一些人目前正在思考助手可以提供帮助的新方法。)”可知，研究人员正在研究智能助手可能提供帮助的办法，故可推测出将来智能助手的应用将会更广泛。故选A项。 C Chilly weather and common respiratory (呼吸器官的) infections often go hand in hand. Reasons for this include people gather inside more in winter and viruses survive better in low-humidity indoor air. But there has been less certainty about whether lower temperatures actually impair human immunity (免疫力) and, if so, how. Now, a new study published December 6, 2022, in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology details a previously unknown way that the immune system attacks viruses inside the nose and finds it works better when it’s warm. Mansoor Amiji, a pharmaceutical sciences professor at Northeastern University, found that our noses released “extracellular vesicles” (EVs) — a spray of tiny sacs (囊) that gathered and destroyed bacteria upon breathing in. For the new research, the team set out to answer a question: is the strength of EVS’ response linked to temperature? In order to tackle the question, they divided the nasal (鼻的) cell samples into two groups and cultivated them in a lab, subjecting one set of samples to 37C, and the other to 32°C. Under regular body heat conditions, the EVs were successfully able to fight off viruses. But under the reduced temperatures, fewer EVs were produced, and those that were made packed less attack against the invaders tested: two rhinoviruses (鼻病毒的) and a non-COVID coronavirus, which are typically found in winter cold season. “There’s never been a convincing reason why you have this very clear increase in viral infectivity in the cold months,” said co-author Benjamin Bleier, a surgeon at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear. “This is the first quantitative and biologically reasonable explanation that has been developed.” He added. “These discoveries could pave the way for an eventual treatment against the common cold, or even the flu and COVID,” said Amiji, “That’s an area of great interest for us and we certainly continue to pursue that.” 8. What does the underlined word “impair” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Damage. B. Improve. C. Influence. D. Preserve. 9. How did Mansoor Amiji conduct the new research? A. By raising a question. B. By cultivating the nasal samples. C. By setting the contrast experiment. D. By adjusting the temperature in the lab. 10. What can we know about the EVs according to the research? A. The EVs are typically found in the cold season. B. The EVs release sacs to destroy bacteria upon inhalation. C. The EVs won’t resist the rhinoviruses under regular body heat conditions. D. The EVs’ quantity and attack power are positively associated with temperature. 11 What is Benjamin Bleier’s attitude towards the result of the study? A. Skeptical. B. Approved. C. Conservative. D. Indifferent. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个关于低温是否影响人体免疫力的实验，介绍了实验的经过以及发现等情况。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Reasons for this include people gather inside more in winter and viruses survive better in low-humidity indoor air.(究其原因，冬天人们更多地聚集在室内，而病毒在低湿度的室内空气中更容易存活)”以及“there has been less certainty about whether lower temperatures actually”可知，上文提到病毒在低湿度的室内空气中更容易存活，故划线词所在句意思是低温是否真的会损害人体免疫力。故划线词意思是“破坏”。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“In order to tackle the question, they divided the nasal (鼻) cell samples into two groups and cultivated them in a lab, subjecting one set of samples to 37C, and the other to 32°C.(为了解决这个问题，他们将鼻细胞样本分成两组，并在实验室中培养，将一组样本置于37℃，另一组置于32℃)”可知，Mansoor Amiji通过设置对比实验进行这项新研究。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“But under the reduced temperatures, fewer EVs were produced, and those that were made packed less attack against the invaders tested: two rhinoviruses (鼻病毒的) and a non-COVID coronavirus, which are typically found in winter cold season.(但在温度降低的情况下，EV的数量减少了，而那些被包装好的EV对测试的入侵者的攻击也减少了：两种鼻病毒和一种非冠状病毒，这两种病毒通常在冬季寒冷季节发现)”可知，EV的数量和攻击力与温度呈正相关。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““There’s never been a convincing reason why you have this very clear increase in viral infectivity in the cold months,” said co-author Benjamin Bleier, a surgeon at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear. “This is the first quantitative and biologically reasonable explanation that has been developed.” He added.(“从来没有一个令人信服的原因，为什么在寒冷的月份病毒传染性会明显增加，”哈佛医学院和马萨诸塞州眼耳外科医生本杰明·布莱尔说。“这是第一个定量的、生物学上合理的解释。”他补充说)”可知，Benjamin Bleier对研究结果的态度是赞成的。故选B。 D Back in 1975, economists planned rising life expectancy (预期寿命) against countries’ wealth, and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity. It seemed self- evident: everything people need to be healthy--from food to medical care- costs money. But it soon proved that the data didn't always fit that theory. Economic booms didn’t always mean longer lives. In addition, for reasons that weren’t clear, a given gain in gross domestic product (GDP) caused increasingly higher gains in life expectancy over time, as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life. Moreover, in the 1980s researchers found gains in learning were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were. Finally, the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated fellow citizens. But such people also tend to be wealthier, so it has been difficult to make out which factor is increasing lifespan. Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues have now done that by collecting average data on GDP per person，lifespan, and years of education from 174 countries, dating from 1970 to 2010. They found that, just as in 1975, wealth associated with longevity. But the association between longevity and years of schooling was closer, with a direct relationship that did not change over time, the way wealth does. Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy, this association reflects cause: better education drives longer life. It also leads to more wealth, which is why wealth and longevity are also associated. But what is important, says Lutz, is that wealth does not seem to be longevity, as experts thought- in fact, education is driving both of them. He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person’s cognitive abilities, allowing better planning and self-control throughout the rest of their life. This idea is supported by the fact that people who are more intelligent appear to live longer. 12. Which of the following best describes economists ’conclusion in 1975? A. Lifespan could be increased by wealth. B. Economic growth didn’t always mean longer life. C. Education influenced longevity more than wealth did. D. A given growth in GDP caused higher gains in longevity. 13. What did Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues find? A. Wealth and longevity did not have any association. B. Longevity and education were more closely associated. C. Differences in wealth predicted differences in longevity. D. Relationship between education and longevity changed over time. 14. What part does education play permanently according to Lutz? A. It enables people to have better planning and self-control. B. It always leads to a longer but not necessarily richer life. C. It improves people’s imaginative and innovative abilities. D. It helps people acquire time-managing and learning habits. 15. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. Wealth influences longevity. B. Education influences longevity. C. Wealth has nothing to do with longevity. D. The relationship between education and wealth. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了早在1975年就有调查表明财富可以增加寿命，随着时间的推移，呈现的数据并不总是符合这个理论，在20世纪80年代，研究人员发现受教育程度高的人往往比受教育程度低的人寿命更长。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的Back in 1975, economists planned rising life expectancy (预期寿命) against countries’ wealth, and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity.（早在1975年，经济学家们就计划提高国民的预期寿命，而不是增加国家的财富，他们得出的结论是，财富本身就能延长寿命）可知，1975年经济学家的结论是财富可以延长寿命。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的the association between longevity and years of schooling was closer（寿命与受教育年限的关系更为密切）可知，Wolfgang Lutz和他的同事们发现了长寿与教育的关系更为密切。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person’s cognitive abilities, allowing better planning and self-control throughout the rest of their life.（他认为，这是因为教育永久性地提高了一个人的认知能力，让他们在余生中拥有更好的规划和自控能力）可知，在Lutz看来教育起着使人们又更好的计划和自我控制的永久性作用。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据文章第三段的But the association between longevity and years of schooling was closer（寿命与受教育年限的关系更为密切）、第四段的better education drives longer life（更好的教育可延长寿命）以及最后一段的by the fact that people who are more intelligent appear to live longer.（更聪明的人似乎活得更久）可知 ，本文主要介绍了早在1975年有调查表明财富可以增加寿命，随着时间的推移，呈现的数据并不总是符合这个理论，在20世纪80年代，研究人员发现受教育程度高的人往往比受教育程度低的人寿命更长，所以能够概括本文最好的标题是教育影响寿命。故选B。 【点睛】题干定位法：即我们可以通过题干中的关键词（主要是名词或是名词短语）到文章中利用平行原则找到与题干对应的句子，找到的句子或该句的下一句即是答案。 如第3小题，我们根据题干中的关键词Lutz和education play permanently，可以定位在文章最后一段的He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person’s cognitive abilities, allowing better planning and self-control throughout the rest of their life.其中Lutz和He是相对应，即是答案所在。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Four Ways to Beat the Monday Blues Are you feeling down because the weekend is almost over? Take it easy, and you can try the following ways to help you overcome the Monday Blues. Make a list for your next week. Instead of focusing on difficult tasks that lay ahead of you, think about all the good to come. ____16____ A good place to start is to think of one thing you are excited about for each category: at work, after work, and at the weekend. If it’s hard to come up with three things to look forward to, get planning ASAP! We’re not talking about anything difficult, just simple things that uplift you like meeting a friend for coffee. ____17____ Sleep has a tremendous effect on our mood. According to Harvard Medical School, “poor or inadequate sleep can cause stress, while healthy sleep can enhance well-being.” So, if you find yourself a little more short-tempered than normal, sleep may be the answer. ____18____ It’s worth taking this into account on Sunday to avoid a lack of energy on a Monday morning. Choose your favorite clothes. ____19____ In fact, psychologists conclude that the strong link between clothing and mood suggests we should put on clothes that we associate with happiness, even when feeling low. In short, wearing whatever you like on Monday makes you feel great! Arrange some easy tasks After a weekend of fun and taking it easy, it might be best to keep Monday’s schedule a little lighter than other days. This doesn’t mean sitting around and drowning in your blues. It means that instead of facing the most complicated stuff on a Monday, put some time into the easier tasks. ____20____ A. Form a routine of daily life. B Go to bed early on Sunday night. C. Don’t underestimate the power of a suit. D. Reduce Monday Blues by allowing yourself to do Monday with ease. E. Putting less pressure on yourself is a good way to beat the Monday Blues. F. Take a nap to energize or get to bed earlier tonight to make up for lost sleep. G. Make a list by writing out some things that you are currently looking forward to. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些避免周一抑郁的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Instead of focusing on difficult tasks that lay ahead of you, think about all the good to come.(不要把注意力集中在摆在你面前的困难任务上，想想所有美好的事情)”以及后文“A good place to start is to think of one thing you are excited about for each category: at work, after work, and at the weekend. If it’s hard to come up with three things to look forward to, get planning ASAP! We’re not talking about anything difficult, just simple things that uplift you like meeting a friend for coffee.(一个好的开始是在每个类别中想一件让你兴奋的事情：工作时，下班后和周末。如果很难想出三件值得期待的事情，那就尽快计划吧!我们不是在谈论任何困难的事情，只是一些简单的事情，比如和朋友一起喝咖啡)”可知，上文提到想想所有美好的事情，后文则提到想一件让你兴奋的事情。由此可知，本句主要说明列出期待的事情，故G选项“列一张清单，写下你目前期待的事情”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据本段内容“Sleep has a tremendous effect on our mood. According to Harvard Medical School, “poor or inadequate sleep can cause stress, while healthy sleep can enhance well-being.” So, if you find yourself a little more short-tempered than normal, sleep may be the answer.(睡眠对我们的情绪有很大的影响。根据哈佛医学院的说法，“睡眠不好或不足会导致压力，而健康的睡眠可以增强幸福感。”所以，如果你发现自己比平时脾气更暴躁，睡觉可能是答案)”可知，本段主要是针对睡觉提出建议。由此可知，B选项“星期天晚上早点睡觉”符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“So, if you find yourself a little more short-tempered than normal, sleep may be the answer.(所以，如果你发现自己比平时脾气更暴躁，睡觉可能是答案)”以及后文“It’s worth taking this into account on Sunday to avoid a lack of energy on a Monday morning.(为了避免周一早上精力不足，这一点在周日是值得考虑的)”可知，本句主要是针对避免周一精力不足而提出的建议，且与睡眠有关。由此可知，F选项“打个盹来补充能量，或者今晚早点上床睡觉来弥补失去的睡眠”符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 根据后文“In fact, psychologists conclude that the strong link between clothing and mood suggests we should put on clothes that we associate with happiness, even when feeling low. In short, wearing whatever you like on Monday makes you feel great!(事实上，心理学家得出结论，衣服和情绪之间的紧密联系表明，即使情绪低落，我们也应该穿上与快乐有关的衣服。简而言之，周一穿你喜欢的衣服会让你感觉很棒！)”可知，本段主要说明了服装可以影响情绪，即衣服也存在力量。由此可知，C选项“不要低估衣服的力量”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“It means that instead of facing the most complicated stuff on a Monday, put some time into the easier tasks.(这意味着与其在周一面对最复杂的事情，不如把时间花在更容易的任务上)”可知，上文建议做更容易的任务，即度过一个放松的周一。由此可知，D选项“减少“周一抑郁”，让自己轻松度过周一”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In my role as a clown(小丑) doctor, I am dressed in my white coat with a curly rainbow wig(假发), a big red nose and my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud”. As I enter the waiting area, I see the familiar atmosphere of ____21____ and tension: people sitting ____22____ on plastic chairs, looking through worn-out magazines, and anxious parents trying to ____23____ their crying children. In the middle of this particular scene, I ____24____ a small girl Lara, with a swollen ankle. The on-duty nurse tells me that Lara’s parents ____25____ her to the hospital after a bicycle accident. I understand that while the medical staff will treat her physical injury, my role is to ____26____ her spirits. Being a clown doctor means I can help people by ____27____ them. I perform magic tricks, sing songs, tell stories and share silly jokes. Some children, though, don’t feel like laughing, especially if they’re in pain. So I work closely with doctors and nurses to ____28____ our approach sensitively to each patient’s needs. And my magic medicine does indeed seem to ____29____. While the doctor ____30____ examining Lara’s ankle, I get her ____31____ by doing a magic trick. Her ____32____ smile soon turns into hearty laughter as I “magically” produce her sock from my pocket. Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara’s parents more relaxed. As I leave the hospital,____33____ my wig and red nose, I carry with me a broad smile, knowing that today I make a difference. While there may be more ____34____ ahead for Lara and others, I hope that my presence as a clown doctor continues to make the hospital a ____35____ place to visit. After all, as the saying goes, “Laughter is the best medicine.” 21. A. interest B. emptiness C. boredom D. pleasure 22. A. uncomfortably B. calmly C. peacefully D. nicely 23. A. encourage B. comfort C. criticize D. reward 24. A. spot B. recognize C. acknowledge D. distinguish 25. A. forced B. dragged C. pushed D. rushed 26. A. show B. lower C. lift D. admire 27. A. treating B. entertaining C. examining D. instructing 28. A. sell B. purchase C. market D. tailor 29. A. work B. respond C. answer D. deserve 30. A. looks forward to B. concentrates on C. prefers to D. refers to 31. A. agreement B. praise C. appreciation D. attention 32. A. embarrassing B. frightening C. initial D. final 33. A. removing B. losing C. forgetting D. ignoring 34. A. dangers B. challenges C. adventures D. explorations 35. A. safer B. colder C. friendlier D. lonelier 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Larry的小丑医生在医院通过表演魔术、唱歌等方式为患者带来欢乐，帮助他们缓解紧张情绪。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我进入等候区时，我看到的是熟悉的无聊和紧张气氛：人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上，翻看着破旧的杂志，焦虑的父母试图安抚哭泣的孩子们。A. interest兴趣；B. emptiness空虚；C. boredom无聊；D. pleasure快乐。根据常识和下文“looking through worn-out magazines,”可知，候诊室的氛围应该是让人感到无聊和紧张。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. uncomfortably不舒服地；B. calmly平静地；C. peacefully和平地；D. nicely很好地。根据上文“I see the familiar atmosphere of ___2____ and tension:”可知，候诊室通常给人一种不自在的感觉，人们不舒服地坐着。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. encourage鼓励；B. comfort安慰；C. criticize批评；D. reward奖励。根据下文“their crying children.”可知，在紧张的医院环境中，焦虑的父母自然是尝试安慰他们的孩子。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个特别的场景中，我发现了一个小女孩拉拉，她的脚踝肿了。A. spot发现；B. recognize认出；C. acknowledge承认；D. distinguish区分。根据下文“a small girl Lara”可知，作为小丑医生进入等待处时，作者发现了一个有伤病的小孩。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：值班护士告诉我，拉拉的父母在一次自行车事故后把她送到了医院。A. forced强迫；B. dragged拖拽；C. pushed推；D. rushed匆忙。根据下文“after a bicycle accident.”可知，在紧急情况下，父母会匆匆将孩子送到医院。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道当医务人员治疗她的外伤时，我的角色是振奋她的精神。A. show展示；B. lower降低；C. lift提高，提振；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“her spirits”可知，作为小丑医生的任务是提升孩子们的情绪。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个小丑医生意味着我可以通过娱乐他们来帮助人们。A. treating治疗；B. entertaining娱乐；C. examining检查；D. instructing指导。根据上文“Being a clown doctor”可知，作者作为小丑医生，通过娱乐来缓解病人的压力。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我与医生和护士紧密合作，针对每位患者的需要定制我们的方法。A. sell出售；B. purchase购买；C. market营销；D. tailor定制。根据下文“our approach sensitively to each patient’s needs.”可知，小丑医生需要根据每个孩子的不同情况量身定制适合病人的方法。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的魔法药似乎确实起作用了。A. work起作用；B. respond回应；C. answer回答；D. deserve值得。根据下文“Her___12___ smile soon turns into hearty laughter as I ‘magically’ produce her sock from my pocket. Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara’s parents more relaxed.”可知，作者的行为起到了积极的效果。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当医生专注于检查拉拉的脚踝时，我用变魔术的方式转移了她的注意力。A. looks forward to期待；B. concentrates on集中精力于；C. prefers to更喜欢；D. refers to参考。根据下文“examining Lara’s ankle”可知，医生需要集中注意力检查拉拉的脚踝。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. agreement 同意；B. praise 赞扬；C. appreciation 欣赏；D. attention 注意力。根据下文“by doing a magic trick.”可知，我通过变魔术的方式转移了她的注意力，以减轻她的不适。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她最初的微笑很快就变成了开心的笑声，当我“魔术般”地从口袋里拿出她的袜子时。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. initial初始的；D. final最终的。根据下文“smile soon turns into hearty laughter”，作者通过表演魔术让拉拉从初始的微笑变成开心的笑，描述的是情绪的转变过程。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我离开医院时，脱下了我的假发和红色大鼻子，我带着灿烂的笑容，知道自己今天有所作为。A. removing脱掉；B. losing失去；C. forgetting忘记；D. ignoring忽视。根据上文“As I leave the hospital”和下文“my wig and red nose”可知，作者离开医院下班时摘下了他的假发和红鼻子。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然拉拉和其他人未来可能还会面临更多的挑战，但我希望我小丑医生身份的存在能够让医院成为一个更友好的地方。A. dangers危险；B. challenges挑战；C. adventures冒险；D. explorations探索。根据上文“ While”和下文“ahead for Lara and others”等内容可知，病人可能会面临更多的医疗挑战。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. safer更安全的；B. colder更冷的；C. friendlier更友好的；D. lonelier更孤独的。根据下文“After all, as the saying goes,‘Laughter is the best medicine.’”可知，作者给病人带来欢乐，希望他的存在能让医院变成一个更加友好的环境。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the distant past, friends relied on each other for their ____36____ (survive).They hunted together and defended each other against animals and enemies in the ____37____ (disaster) experiences. In those days, if you didn’t have a friend, you would end up either starving, ____38____ (eat) or killed. Nowadays, friendship isn’t exactly a matter of life and death. However, friendship is still of great importance and not ____39____ (have) a friend is something to be concerned about. Most people look upon a friend as someone they can depend on when ____40____ (face) with trouble. In these hard times, friends provide them with emotional support and sometimes financial help. It is in these hard times ____41____ they find out who their true friends are. ____42____ the old saying goes, in times of success, friends will be plenty; in times of ____43____ (suffer), not one in twenty. And there is another saying that says you can hardly make a friend in a year, but you can easily upset one in ____44____ hour. So do your best to get along with and be grateful to all those who are willing to support you in the cases ____45____ put you in trouble. 【答案】36. survival 37. disastrous 38. being eaten 39. having 40. faced 41. that 42. As 43. suffering 44. an 45. that##which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了朋友的重要性。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：在遥远的过去，朋友们依靠彼此生存。此处应用survive的名词形式survival“生存”，不可数，作介词for的宾语。故填survival。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们一起打猎，在灾难性的经历中互相保护，抵御动物和敌人。此处应用形容词disastrous“灾难性的”，修饰名词experiences，作前置定语。故填disastrous。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在那些日子里，如果你没有朋友，你要么挨饿，要么被吃掉，要么被杀死。本句谓语为would end up，此处为非谓语动词，end up doing sth.“最终做某事”，且you与eat“吃”为被动关系，应用动名词的被动，作宾语。故填being eaten。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，友谊仍然是非常重要的，没有朋友是值得担心的事情。此处应填have“有”的动名词形式having，作主语。故填having。 【40题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：大多数人把朋友看作是他们在面对困难时可以依靠的人。be faced with“面对”。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件when引导的时间状语从句完整句子为when they are ____ (face) with trouble，本空用faced。故填faced。 【41题详解】 考查强调句。句意：只有在这些困难时期，他们才会发现谁是真正的朋友。此处用强调句“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”。本句中强调时间状语in these hard times，故填that。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：俗话说，成功时朋友多，苦难时二十个中没有一个。本空引导非限定性定语从句，且缺少“正如”的含义，用as引导。as the old saying goes为固定表达，意为“俗话说”。故填As。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：正如一句老话所说，成功时朋友多，苦难时二十个中没有一个。此处应填不可数名词suffering“苦难”，作介词of的宾语。故填suffering。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：还有一句话说，你很难在一年内交到一个朋友，但你很容易在一个小时内让一个朋友心烦。此处泛指“一个小时”，且hour以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：所以尽你最大的努力与那些即使在你有错误的时候也愿意支持你的人相处，并感激他们。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是cases ，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华。你的英国朋友Ryan来信了解你校英语校本课程（the English language school-based curriculum）开设情况。请你用英语写一封回信。内容包括： 1.课程简介； 2.开设情况； 3.学生反响。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ryan, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Ryan, Glad to hear from you. Learning that you’re concerned about the English language school-based curriculum in our school, I’d like to give you a brief introduction. Our curriculum is module-based with age-appropriate themes and topics that match with pupils’ development stages. Various reading booklets have been developed over the years, from elective modules in the senior forms to enhancement courses. They are available every Friday afternoon with an active involvement of the students. The students now pay more attention to communicating and cultural skills in the language rather than focus on test-oriented learning. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Ryan介绍你校英语校本课程的开设情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 课程：curriculum/ course→lesson 参与：involvement→engagement 集中：focus on→concentrate on 各种各样的：various→a variety of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Various reading booklets have been developed over the years, from elective modules in the senior forms to enhancement courses. 拓展句：Various reading booklets have been developed over the years, which include elective modules in the senior forms and enhancement courses. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning that you’re concerned about the English language school-based curriculum in our school, I’d like to give you a brief introduction. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Our curriculum is module-based with age-appropriate themes and topics that match with pupils’ development stages. (运用了that引导定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was always afraid of water. This fear could not be explained, but I knew that the moment I stepped near any body of water, my legs would turn to jelly (果冻). I would imagine myself drowning in the water and thrashing around (乱扑腾) helplessly. That was why I had never gone into a swimming pool until swimming became a school requirement. My school wanted all pupils to pass a swimming test, and if they could not, then they would have to attend weekly swimming lessons in school, which made me tremble. Thus, my parents signed me up for swimming lessons at the pool near my house. With great unwillingness, I attended those weekly lessons, and each one was great suffering for me. I was naturally clumsy, and my fear of water did not help at all. Every lesson, I would be spending my time thrashing about in the water, while my classmates would be swimming countless laps effortlessly and even turning over like dolphins in the water. How was I going to pass the test at this rate? In my swimming class, there was an exceptionally athletic girl. Tall and muscular, her name was Kathy. She was the best swimmer in our class and always looked at me with disdain (鄙视), especially when I thrashed about hopelessly in the water. Once, after a particularly long and hard swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy swimming gracefully in the pool. Gathering my courage, I asked gently, “Kathy, can you teach me to swim?” She stared at me coldly. It was as if I stood at the edge of an endless ocean of inadequacy, my fears appearing like dark storm clouds threatening to drown me. Yet, in that moment, a glimmer of hope flashed within me, a desperate longing for guidance and acceptance. Would Kathy’s icy exterior (外表) melt under the warmth of empathy, or would I remain forever thrashing in the sea of my own fears? 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To my surprise, she nodded after a few moments of silence. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Congratulations!” Kathy said when she learnt I had passed the swimming test. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： To my surprise, she nodded after a few moments of silence. From then on, Kathy stayed back for about an hour after every swimming lesson to coach me. She taught me how to propel myself forward in the water and I gradually gained confidence in the pool. Slowly but surely, I improved under her guidance and encouragement. Four months later, it was time for me to take my swimming test. I jumped into the pool and followed all of Kathy’s advice. I swam gracefully, just like a fish, and passed the test with flying colours. “Congratulations!” Kathy said when she learnt I had passed the swimming test. I threw my arms around her and hugged her tightly. “Thank you! You’re a wonderful friend! If it had not been for you, I would not have done so well!” I exclaimed. Since then, our friendship has blossomed. We met frequently to have fun with each other, sharing both joy and sorrow. Surprisingly, I grew to love the water. A friend like Kathy is hard to come by. She has a heart of gold and I will definitely treasure our precious friendship. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者非常怕水，但是学校要求所有学生都要通过游泳考试，于是父母在家附近为作者报了游泳课程，作者不情愿地去上课，上课过程也非常痛苦，Kathy是游泳课上表现最好的学生，一次艰难的游泳课后作者鼓起勇气问Kathy能否教自己有用，忐忑地等待Kathy的回答。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“令我吃惊的是，沉默了一会儿之后，她点了点头。”可知，第一段可描写Kathy指导作者游泳，作者顺利通过了游泳考试。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘恭喜你！’Kathy得知我通过了游泳考试后说。”可知，第二段可描写作者感谢Kathy并和Kathy成为了朋友。 2.续写线索：教游泳——进步——通过考试——感谢——成为朋友——爱上水 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①进步：improve/make progress ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③玩得开心：have fun/enjoy oneself 情绪类 ①自信：gain confidence/become confident ②惊讶：surprisingly/astinoshingly 【点睛】[高分句型1] If it had not been for you, I would not have done so well!（由if引导的虚拟条件句） [高分句型2] We met frequently to have fun with each other, sharing both joy and sorrow.（由现分词作状语） 听力答案：1-5 CABAB 6-10 ACCBA 11-15 BCABC 16-20 ACCBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$