渭南市尚德中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试卷

渭南市尚德中学2024-2025学年度上学期第一次质量检测高三 英语试题 （试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman? A. A teacher. B. An official. C. A student. 2. What will the man do next? A. Go to the post office. B. Buy new clothes. C. Do some washing. 3. How does the woman feel about James’ behavior? A. Upset. B. Unsurprised. C. Pleased. 4. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Send a package. B. Pick up her son. C. Fetch her parcel. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A festival. B. A gift. C. A friend. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What did Mary’s family do last Sunday afternoon? A. They went on a picnic. B. They stayed at home. C. They saw a movie. 7. Who did the man spend the weekend with? A. His parents. B. His uncle’s family. C. His friends. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does Mark talk to the woman? A. To make some changes. B. To book a single room. C. To put off his check-in time. 9. How many nights will Mark and his wife spend at the hotel? A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. 10. What does Mark think of the price? A. Quite low. B. Reasonable. C. Very expensive. 听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。 11. What kind of dog does Carol want? A. A smart one. B. A kind one. C. A large one. 12. When did Carol last see Spot? A. A day ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago. 13. Who dislikes Spot? A. Steve’s neighbors. B. Carol’s sister. C. Steve. 14. Why does Steve refuse to get a carpet in his apartment? A. Spot will get sick. B. Spot will bite it. C. Spot will make it dirty. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. Which season is it? A. Winter. B. Spring. C. Summer. 16. Where will the speakers go tomorrow? A. A food market. B. An amusement park. C. A garden downtown. 17. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Tourist and guide. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where did Nightingale start a nursing home for women? A. In Germany. B. In England. C. In France. 19. What did Nightingale do in 1854? A. She built a war hospital. B. She learned nursing abroad. C. She went to the front hospitals. 20. When did Nightingale write a book on public health? A. Before the war. B. During the war. C. After the war. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Natural Life E-Books by Education Expert Wendy Priesnitz Beyond School: Living As If School Doesn’t Exist This is a long-awaited fourth book about life learning. It’s a collection of 17 essays about how families and individuals can live and learn without struggles, and with trust, respect, and dignity. Together, they create ways to help children learn about today’s world while becoming equipped to live in tomorrow’s. Green & Healthy Homes The book will help you and your family make your home greener and healthier, and save money too. It includes tips on making your own cleaning supplies and advice on how to conserve water, avoid dangerous household chemicals and use organic materials for your home. Life Learning: Lessons From the Educational Frontier This is a unique collection of 30 essays about the story of learning written by parents and young people who have experienced it first-hand. It includes learning to read and do math without being taught, learning what’s wrong with education at present, learning in the real world, and much more. Challenging Assumptions in Education: From Institutionalized Education to a Learning Society This book explains why life learners help their children live and learn, and provides inspiration and support for families who have chosen that exciting path. It also challenges open-minded readers — including teachers, parents, and lawmakers — to transform the public education system, using what homeschoolers know about how children learn. ★ We’re pleased to offer you free PDF downloads of these e-Books. ★ PDF digital format only. Click here for more information and a limited-time free download. 21. What do we know about Beyond School? A. Its teaching methods are from schools. B. It’s about survival skills outside school. C. It focuses on making your life greener. D. It better prepares kids for the future world. 22. Which book features real life examples? A. Beyond School. B. Green & Healthy Homes. C. Life Learning. D. Challenging Assumptions in Education. 23. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A. A website. B. A magazine. C. A report. D. A textbook. B When I was 12 years old, I spent most of my free time reading. But sadly, not everyone around me enjoyed reading as much as I did, and not being able to talk about my favorite hobby with my friends made my reading a lonely experience. In my senior year of high school, I came across a channel (频道), “Clau Reads Books” run by Claudia Ramírez Lomelí, who makes book-related content in Spanish, and was introduced to the book world of social media. I could finally hear someone else’s reaction to the stories I like. I love her videos because we prefer the same kind of books. Finally, I followed her on another social networking site, and I learned about the community on it where users blog (写网络日志) about their favorite books. I really wanted to be part of this space and seeing others being closely connected and supportive made it seem like an acceptable community. However, I doubted my ability to express my thoughts well because I was poor at creating content to interest other readers. Therefore, I started reading blogs on how to start a new account (账户) for guidance and after weeks of researching, I learned about the necessary social media skills. I had to spend time designing small sets and finding natural lighting and household items for photo shoots, and learn how to write interesting reviews while using hashtags (话题) in posts to attract other users. My first post was a photo of my favorite book, Hush, Hush by Becca Fitzpatrick, with my hand’s shadow cast on a page. I also took pictures of several of my favorite sentences from the book and included a few hashtags to attract attention. Attracting people with similar interest was hard at first. But gradually, it became kid’s stuff. The community quickly became a good place for me to talk about my favorite books with people having the same interest. 24. Why did the 12-year-old author feel upset? A. She couldn’t spare time for play. B. No one around her liked reading. C. She couldn’t share her love of reading. D. No friend was fond of her favorite book. 25. What can we learn about Claudia Ramírez Lomelí? A. She comes from Spain. B. She taught the author how to blog. C. She hosts a TV program. D. She led the author to a new book world. 26. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. Skills of choosing suitable hashtags. B. The author’s efforts to attract viewers. C. Guidance on starting new accounts. D. The author’s techniques for creating content. 27. What does the author think of attracting people with similar interest now? A. It is easily done. B. It is hard for kids. C. It is easier said than done. D. It needs topics about kids. C Is diet soda safe? If you’re concerned about sugar, diet products seem a better option, sweet and not so bad for you. Wrong! Drinking diet soda regularly can increase your risk of diseases. Despite the fact that we call these drinks “diet”, the artificial sweeteners they contain are linked to weight gain, not loss. There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School. The team drew upon a data set of nearly 32,000 female nurses, ages 42 to 62 when the study began. It turned out that the nurses who consumed the most diet drinks had a 37 percent higher chance of depression, compared to those who drank the least or none. Diet soda also increases your risk of stroke (中风), according to a separate meta-analysis that included 72 studies. Looking for the causes behind the stroke, researchers took various blood measurements when 12 healthy volunteers in their 20s drank water, soda, or diet soda. The result showed that both sodas slowed the flow of blood within the brain. Though the effect didn’t seem sufficient to cause stroke, slower blood flow could have accumulating effects. Other researchers have found that diet soda increases the risk of dementia (痴呆), from data from nearly 178,000 volunteers tracked over an average of nine years. That’s not a big surprise. An earlier study of about 4,300 volunteers concluded that drinking diet soda every day was tied to three times the risk of dementia over the following decade. The researchers looked at brain scans and the results of mental function assessments. A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains and aggravates long-term memory, two risk factors for dementia. Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily. So you know what to do. 28. How does the author present his point of view? A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving opinions. C. By quoting specialists. D. By presenting research. 29. What effect might diet soda have on people? A. Slight weight loss. B. Increased blood flow. C. Raised depression risk. D. Severe mental decline. 30. Which can best replace the underlined word “aggravates” in paragraph 4? A. Deletes. B. Worsens. C. Motivates. D. Stimulates. 31. What might the author advise us to do? A. Quit consuming diet sodas. B. Limit the daily sugar intake. C. Set achievable health goals. D. Follow fixed aging process. D “Is the glass half empty or half full?” This old English saying has long been used to tell a pessimist from an optimist. For most young people today, the answer is usually “half full”, because we have been taught that a positive attitude towards life is one of the primary keys to success. However, is this necessarily a good thing? Recent studies indicate that it all depends. There is such a thing as too much positivity. It happens when someone remains in a happy and positive state and ignores any bad and negative emotions across all situations. But as a matter of fact, it is normal for us to experience any emotions. The death of a pet or loved one, a low score on a test, or a mountain of new homework should lead to emotions such as sadness, frustration and anger. If we hide these emotions just because we want to look optimistic in front of our friends and family, they can build up inside of us and end up erupting in unexpected ways. There is new evidence to suggest that many of these overly positive people are at a risk of developing drug or alcohol addictions as well as other psychological problems. Aside from the personal emotional impacts, this attitude can also have a negative effect on the people around you. Imagine having had a bad day, and wanting to talk about it with your friend. However, instead of listening to your problems and sympathizing with you, they simply told you to “be positive” and give you the impression that your problems are being completely ignored. Just take everything as it comes and express how you really feel. This makes you human, and your true friends will always stick by you. So my simple advice to you is to do what gives you the best “attitude” in life, whatever for you that might be. Regardless of whether a glass is half-empty or half-full, it nonetheless still has space to fill. 32. Why does the writer mention the glass at the beginning of the text? A. To give some evidence. B. To introduce the topic. C. To present an argument. D. To explain his ideas. 33. What is the writer’s attitude to the person who remains positive across all situations? A. Negative. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. 34. What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A. The cause of overly positivity. B. The prevention of overly positivity. C. The bad effect of overly positivity on others. D. The bad impacts of overly positivity on personal emotion. 35. Which of the following may the writer agree with? A. Positivity is the key to success. B. We needn’t stay positive all the time. C. There isn’t such a thing as overly positive. D. Positivity always does a harm effect to our lives. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sustainable travel is now one of the fastest-growing movements. Its goal is to meet the needs of the tourism industry without harming natural and cultural environments. 36 Here are some concrete ways to reduce your environmental impact as a traveler. 37 Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away. It’s the art of exploration, discovery and getting out of your comfort zone, all of which can just as well be nearby. Find somewhere nearby you haven’t been, get in your car, and go for a visit. You never know what you’ll come across. Make greener transportation choices. After walking, public transportation is the next best way to explore new destinations. 38 When it comes to longer distances, buses and trains are your best way of getting around, both of which can be quite an experience in and of itself. Avoid over-visited destinations. If you can, avoid places with over-tourism. You’ll find fewer crowds and lower prices, and you also won’t be putting as much pressure on local communities struggling to keep up. And, from a personal-enjoyment point of view, who wants to deal with crowds or long lines? No one. 39 Take a nature-related trip. If you want to better understand and appreciate the natural world, try taking a trip with the single purpose of connecting with nature. 40 I promise that when you come home, you’ll have a new viewpoint on why we’re all so focused on being environmentally friendly these days. A. Stay close to home. B. Find an ideal place to explore. C. Sustainable travel can be useful to support communities. D. Not only is it better for the environment, but it’s cheaper as well. E. Get in touch with the world in a way that sitting at home doesn’t. F. If not managed properly, tourism can have incredibly negative impacts. G. Visiting less-visited destinations can be much more enjoyable and rewarding. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The 29-year-old Wu Quansui has worked in the kindergarten for six years. Many of her 41 call her “Mother Wu”, and her closeness with the students is the main reason she has stayed on the 42 long after many of her peers have left. The conditions were not 43 when she first arrived on the island, and a boat carried daily necessities to the isolated (偏远的) community once a 44 . The condition was so tough that there was 45 meat, the teachers mainly ate cabbages and carrots, and they also 46 fresh water, she said, adding that they had to use seawater in the shower. Unlike in other schools, the teachers at the school spend most of the day with their students. “We don’t have much to do as there is not much 47 on this small island, so after the students have eaten dinner, they come back to the school and 48 with us. Sometimes, they 49 more time with us than with their parents,” Wu said. “When there was no school on the island, the children had to go far away to study, so they could only 50 their parents a few times a year. Our school offers them the opportunity to be together with families, and that’s what really 51 me.” Conditions on the island are also improving. Now, there are two boats every week and a grocery store has opened. The school has also been 52 from a two-story building into a four-story one. Her 53 with the school expires (到期) next year, but she plans to 54 it and stay to see more children 55 on the island happily. 41. A. colleagues B. pupils C. fellows D. neighbors 42. A. farm B. campus C. village D. island 43. A. tough B. good C. poor D. familiar 44. A. month B. year C. week D. season 45. A. little B. enough C. much D. various 46. A. lacked B. sold C. applied D. needed 47. A. development B. entertainment C. movement D. apartment 48. A. live B. study C. discuss D. play 49. A. spend B. take C. cost D. pay 50. A. call B. visit C. hear D. meet 51. A. explores B. bothers C. encourages D. challenges 52. A. explained B. exchanged C. expected D. expanded 53. A. contract B. contact C. context D. content 54. A. recall B. leave C. renew D. respond 55. A. take off B. grow up C. break out D. give in 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently 56 (unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are 57 (current) on display. The exhibits cover a wide range of periods 58 include a variety of fields. The exhibition vividly describes the history of human origins, the 59 (form) of Chinese civilization and its development within the boundaries of China. One striking part of the exhibition is the hand axes (斧), 60 are fundamental tools that were created and used by early humans. They are characterized by both their aesthetic (美学的) and practical 61 (function). Bronzeware is another eye-catching part of the exhibition. A bronze box 62 Yuncheng, Shanxi Province that 63 (date) back to the Spring and Autumn period is famous for its elegant design. And a string-patterned stove vividly reflects the significant role that the Silk Road played in 64 (connect) China with the world. It is also worth noting that the design of the exhibition hall was inspired by the unique spatial (空间的) structures of the archaeological sites, offering audiences the chance 65 (understand) the relationship between archaeological work and its outcomes better. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 假如你是校学生会主席李华，学校计划举办一场主题为“你笑起来真好看”的心理剧（psychodrama）表演。请你在校报上发布一则通知，内容包括： （1） 活动的时间、地点； （2）活动的意义。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice 第二节 （满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 People say there seems to be so much negativity in this world, but there are good people out there and sometimes we are made aware of them when we least expect it. My family had been planning a yard sale for several weeks. Our five-year-old son, Braxton, asked if he could set up a lemonade (柠檬水) stand during the yard sale. He wanted to make a little money and save up to buy a set of Lego bricks, which might add up to $100. “I will earn it myself!” he declared proudly. He had been talking about it almost non-stop and couldn’t wait for the day to finally arrive. Two days ago, we put up the sign “Yard Sale” in front of the driveway, telling neighbors about the time and items. On the very day, Braxton woke up early at 6:00 am and couldn’t hide his excitement. After setting everything out for the yard sale, he made the lemonade and baked some cookies to begin his business adventure. After about an hour or more, we had several customers, but Braxton still had not sold any lemonade. He was a little sad. Then a young woman walked up with her baby to browse the items. While making small talk, we told her about Braxton’s plan to save his money for his little dream. She then selected a couple of baby toys for just $6 and paid with a $10 bill. “Keep the change, boy!” she said gently. Braxton offered to give her the lemonade and cookies he made. He couldn’t have been happier to receive his first little bit of money for the day. The woman left with the baby toys, the lemonade and some cookies. We didn’t give it much thought after that, but the story didn’t end there. 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Several minutes passed and the woman returned. Holding the envelope and the bill, we were so moved. 渭南市尚德中学2024—2025学年度上学期第一次质量检测参考答案 第一部分 听力 1—5 ACACB 6—10 ABACB 11—15 BCAAB 16—20 CBBCC 第二部分 阅读 第一节 A篇 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由教育专家Wendy Priesnitz编写的四本电子书。 21. D 细节理解题。根据Beyond School: Living As If School Doesn’t Exist部分最后一句的“they create ways to help children learn about today’s world while becoming equipped to live in tomorrow’s”可知，该书介绍的方法会帮助孩子们了解当今世界，同时使他们为未来的生活做好准备。故选D。 22. C 推理判断题。根据Life Learning: Lessons From the Educational Frontier部分第一句“This is a unique collection of 30 essays about the story of learning written by parents and young people who have experienced it first-hand.”可知，本书是30篇文章的合集，文章的作者是亲身经历过这种教育的父母和年轻人，所以本书以现实生活中的例子为特色。故选C。 23. A 文章出处题。根据文章标题中的E-Books和文章最后的“We’re pleased to offer you free PDF downloads of these e-Books.”以及“PDF digital format only. Click here for more information and a limited-time free download.”可知，本文来自网站。故选A。 B篇 本文是一篇记叙文。作者以前缺少跟别人分享阅读的快乐的机会，现在有一个社交媒体平台可以让她跟别人分享这种快乐。 24. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But sadly, not everyone around me enjoyed reading as much as I did, and not being able to talk about my favorite hobby with my friends made my reading a lonely experience.”可知，令人伤心的是，作者身边并不是所有人都像作者那样喜欢阅读，不能和朋友谈论最喜欢的爱好使得阅读变成了一段孤独的经历。故选C。 25. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I came across a channel ... and was introduced to the book world of social media. I could finally hear someone else’s reaction to the stories I like.”可知，Claudia Ramírez Lomelí把作者带入一个社交媒体的图书世界。故选D。 26. B 段落大意题。根据第二段最后一句中的“I was poor at creating content to interest other readers”、第三段中的“Therefore, I started reading ... for guidance”“designing small sets”“finding ... for photo shoots”和“write interesting reviews while using hashtags (话题) in posts to attract other users”可知，作者对如何创作吸引其他读者的内容不熟悉，因此作者开始阅读一些关于如何开一个新账号的网络日志来寻求指导，接着具体讲述了作者为了创作出吸引其他用户的内容所采取的一系列举措。因此，第三段主要谈论了作者吸引其他用户所做的努力。故选B。 27. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Attracting people with similar interest was hard at first.”可知，吸引有相似兴趣的人一开始很困难。结合本句话后的转折连词But可知，“it became kid’s stuff”的含义应与前一句相反，故可推知，吸引有相似兴趣的人渐渐变得简单起来。故选A。 C篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章中作者通过引用多项研究来表明喝无糖汽水的危害，包括增加患抑郁症、中风和痴呆的风险。 28. D 推理判断题。结合全文内容可知，作者通过引用多项研究来支持自己的观点。这些研究结果佐证了作者关于饮用无糖汽水会对人体造成危害的观点，故作者通过展示研究来提出自己的观点。故选D。 29. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression ...”可知，根据哈佛医学院研究人员的数据，无糖汽水会增加患抑郁症的风险。故选C。 30. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains”和画线词后的“two risk factors for dementia”可知，每天喝无糖汽水会导致大脑萎缩，所以“aggravates long-term memory”也应表示无糖汽水的不良影响。因此，aggravate的意思应为“使恶化”，worsen与之意思相近。故选B。 31. A 推理判断题。结合全文内容可知，多项研究表明喝无糖汽水对人的健康有危害，包括增加患抑郁症、中风和痴呆的风险。同时结合最后一段中的“Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily.”可知，为了能健康地老去，作者可能会建议我们停止喝无糖汽水。故选A。 D篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过度积极会对自己和身边的人产生消极影响。 32. B 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者提出“一杯水是半空还是半满”的问题，今天大多数年轻人会回答是“半满的”，因为我们都被教导要用积极的心态看待事物，但作者在下文提出过度积极并不完全是好事。由此可推知，作者在第一段提到那杯水是为了引出话题。故选B。 33. A 观点态度题。根据第二、三段内容可知，作者在这两段分别阐述了过度积极对自己和身边的人的消极影响。由此可推知，作者对于在任何情况下都保持积极状态的人持不赞同的态度。故选A。 34. C 段落大意题。根据第三段第一句“Aside from the personal emotional impacts, this attitude can also have a negative effect on the people around you.”可知，除了对个人情绪的影响外，这种态度也会对你周围的人产生消极影响。所以第三段主要介绍了过度积极会对周围的人产生消极影响。故选C。 35. B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了过度积极会对自己和身边的人产生消极影响。由此可推知，作者可能会赞同“我们不需要时刻保持积极”这一观点。故选B。 第二节 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可持续旅游，以及一些降低旅行者对环境的影响的具体方法。 36. F 空前介绍了可持续旅游及其目标，空后建议了一些具体方法来降低旅游对环境的影响。分析选项可知，F项“如果管理不当，旅游业可能会产生令人难以置信的负面影响。”对开展可持续旅游的原因进行了解释（即“为什么”），承接了上文的“是什么”，同时开启了下文的“怎么做”。故选F。 37. A 空处应填入本段的中心句。空后内容“Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away ... all of which can just as well be nearby. Find somewhere nearby ...”强调了旅游并不一定要去很远的地方，在附近探索和发现也可以。分析选项可知，A项“待在家附近。”符合语境。故选A。 38. D 本段主旨是“选择更环保的交通方式”。空前提到公共交通是仅次于步行的探索新目的地的最佳方式。分析选项可知，D项“它不仅对环境更好，而且更便宜。”分析了公共交通的好处，解释了为什么要选择公共交通工具，承接上文，符合语境。选项中的it指代的是上文的public transportation。故选D。 39. G 本段主旨是“避免（去）游客过多的目的地”。空处位于段尾，应总结本段内容，再次点明主旨。分析选项可知，G项“去探访较少有人去的目的地可能更加令人愉悦和有益。”总结了本段的内容，符合语境。“Visiting less-visited destinations”是对本段关键信息“over-visited destinations”的反义转述。故选G。 40. E 空处上文强调，通过“与自然亲近”的旅游，人们可以更好地理解和欣赏自然界。分析选项可知，E项中的“Get in touch with the world”指的就是亲近自然，是“connecting with nature”的同义表达。同时，选项中的“sitting at home”也和下文中的“come home”形成呼应。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年轻的吴泉穗老师主动留在条件艰苦的岛上工作，并与当地的孩子们建立了深厚的感情的故事。 41. B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“her closeness with the students”可知，她的许多学生都称呼她为“吴妈妈”。B项意为“学生”，符合语境。故选B。 42. D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“when she first arrived on the island”可知，她与学生们的亲密关系是她在许多同行离开后仍然留在岛上的主要原因。D项意为“岛”，符合语境。故选D。 43. B 考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示当她刚上岛时，岛上的条件并不好。B项意为“好的”，符合语境。故选B。 44. C 考查名词辨析。根据下文“Now, there are two boats every week and a grocery store has opened.”可知，此处指一艘船每周为岛上运送一次生活必需品。C项意为“周，星期”，符合语境。故选C。 45. A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“The condition was so tough”及语境可知，条件非常艰苦，几乎没有肉，老师们主要吃白菜和胡萝卜。A项意为“几乎没有”，符合语境。故选A。 46. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“they had to use seawater in the shower”及语境可知，此处指她们也缺乏淡水。A项意为“缺乏”，符合语境。故选A。 47. B 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指吴老师说在小岛上，他们没有太多的事情要做，因为岛上的娱乐活动非常少。B项意为“娱乐活动”，符合语境。故选B。 48. D 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示学生们吃完饭后就会回到学校和老师们一起玩。D项意为“玩”，符合语境。故选D。 49. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“more time”及语境可知，有时，孩子们和老师们一起度过的时间比和父母在一起的时间还多。A项意为“度过，花（时间）”，符合语境。故选A。 50. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“their parents a few times a year”及语境可知，此处表示在岛上没有学校的时候，孩子们需要去很远的地方学习，他们一年只能见父母几次。D项意为“遇见”，符合语境。故选D。 51. C 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“Our school offers them the opportunity to be together as families”及语境可知，此处表示这所学校为孩子们提供了与家人在一起的机会，这是真正激励吴老师的地方。C项意为“激励”，符合语境。故选C。 52. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“from a two-story building into a four-story one”及语境可知，此处表示学校的教学楼由两层扩建到了四层。D项意为“扩大”，符合语境。故选D。 53. A 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，吴老师与学校签的合同明年就到期了。A项意为“合同”，符合语境。故选A。 54. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“stay to see more children”及语境可知，此处表示她计划续签合同。C项意为“中止后继续”，符合语境。故选C。 55. B 考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的“on the island happily”及语境可知，吴老师还想继续待在海岛上看着更多的孩子快乐地长大。B项意为“长大”，符合语境。故选B。 第二节 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国国家博物馆的“鉴往知远——新时代考古成果展”。 56. unearthed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词“are”，所以此处应用非谓语动词；动词unearth与其逻辑主语“cultural relics”之间是动宾关系，所以应用其过去分词作定语。故填unearthed。 57. currently 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰整个句子。故填currently。 58. and 考查连词。此处表示展品涵盖了各个时期，涵盖了各种领域。“cover”和“include”为并列谓语，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 59. formation 考查词性转换。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，此处应用form的名词形式，指“中华文明的形成过程”。故填formation。 60. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“hand axes (斧)”，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。 61. functions 考查名词的单复数。function在此处指“功能”，为可数名词，其前无冠词，所以应用其复数形式表泛指。故填functions。 62. from 考查介词。此处表示“来自”山西运城的一个青铜盒子，应用介词from。故填from。 63. dates 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处作定语从句的谓语，指这个青铜盒子可以追溯到春秋时期，是对事实的陈述，应用一般现在时，“that”指代“a bronze box”，是第三人称单数，应用date的第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 64. connecting 考查非谓语动词。介词in后应用动名词形式。故填connecting。 65. to understand 考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰“the chance”。故填to understand。 第四部分 写作 第一节 参考范文： Notice With the purpose of raising our awareness of mental health and guiding us to seek psychological help properly, a psychodrama show themed “you look better when smiling” is scheduled on the first Friday of March at the Concert Hall of our school. As a creative activity, psychodramas can provide an outlet for unsolved negative emotions and a platform to display artistic talents such as directing and performing, thus injecting power and energy into our school life. I am eagerly calling for your active participation. 第二节 参考范文： Paragraph 1: Several minutes passed and the woman returned. “Is there anything wrong?” I thought to myself. I actually thought she was here to ask for her change back. Of course, I couldn’t have been more wrong. She was carrying an envelope this time. She handed it to us and said, “The lemonade and cookies are so delicious that I want to buy all of them. I hope you can give them away to whoever passes by your stand for me.” We thanked her and she walked away. We opened the envelope after she left and found a $100 bill in it. Paragraph 2: Holding the envelope and the bill, we were so moved. It was just a random act of kindness by a total stranger that would make a little five-year-old boy’s wish come true. At the same time, she delivered that kindness to other strangers by offering them lemonade and cookies for free. She obviously did not do it for praise or recognition. She just did it out of the kindness of her heart. Contrary to what some may think, the positivity in this world really does outweigh the negativity. There are good people around us doing good deeds, asking for nothing back. 听力材料 Text 1 M: Do you still work for the government? W: No. I’m teaching English at a middle school. I like my students a lot. Text 2 W: Hey, I need to go to the post office. Do you want to come with me? M: I’m afraid I can’t. I’ve got to wash my clothes. Text 3 W: James didn’t even say “hi” when he passed by me today. I feel so hurt. M: I wouldn’t be surprised, because maybe he didn’t notice you. Text 4 W: Could you please go and get the parcel (包裹) for me? I’m going to pick up my son. M: No problem. By the way, where should I put your parcel? W: You can keep it. I’ll fetch it at your place later. Text 5 M: Lily, Merry Christmas! Here is a little gift for you. W: Oh, thank you. You are so sweet. I like pink and I also like silk, so this scarf is perfect for me. Text 6 M: What did your family do together last weekend, Mary? W: On Saturday afternoon we went to a movie and on Sunday afternoon we went to a park and ate some food we brought there. What about you? M: Neither of my parents was in town last weekend. My mother was in China for work and my father was attending a conference in Chicago. W: So did you spend the whole weekend at home alone? M: No. My uncle’s family lives near my home. I was with them the whole weekend. Text 7 W: Good morning, Los Angeles Sunshine Hotel. How may I help you, please? M: Morning. My name is Mark Smith. I booked a single room for two nights at your hotel last week. W: Let me check. Yes. Your name is on the list. M: Err, can I change it to a double room, please? My wife is coming with me and we plan to spend a short holiday there after my work in the city. W: OK. You want a double room for two nights, right? M: Sorry, we want to spend three more nights there. W: OK, sir, I’ve changed that for you. M: Thanks. So what’s the rate (价格) for my new room? W: 260 dollars a night. Breakfast is included. M: Well, it’s not very expensive. Thank you. W: You’re quite welcome, sir. And I hope you and your wife will have a great time in the city! Bye. Text 8 W: Hey, Steve. I was thinking about getting a dog next month. I want the same type as your dog Spot. He is such a kind animal. M: That’s great, Carol. What made you want to get a dog? W: Well, I went to get a dog with my sister yesterday, and I realized how much I wanted one after we got to her house and played with it. She got a big dog, but I want a small and kind dog like Spot. M: Spot isn’t small anymore. It was a year ago when you last saw him. He has grown a lot since then. He is still kind, but he is also very loud when he’s running around. My downstairs neighbors do not like Spot. W: I have carpets in my apartment, so I think that would help make it less noisy. You should consider getting carpets to solve that problem. M: No. I don’t want to get one, because my apartment is getting too hot in the summer and Spot will get sick. Text 9 W: Tomorrow we’re going on a special trip. Last year in December, we went to an amusement park. But this spring, we’re going to help make our town a better place. I’ll tell you our schedule for the day. At 9:00, we’ll take the school bus to the garden downtown. The nice ladies who are in charge of the garden will teach us how to plant vegetables. People who live in the neighborhoods often use the vegetables in their home cooking, especially those who don’t have a lot of money to buy food in the market. Yes, Daniel? M: Ms. Green, will we be able to pick anything tomorrow? W: No, nothing is ripe yet. But we will go back at the end of the school year in June to see what’s happened to our plants. There should be food ready to pick then. Text 10 W: Florence Nightingale was born into a rich family. When she was young, she took lessons in music and drawing, and read great books. As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure. She then made up her mind to be a nurse. She went to learn nursing in Germany. When she returned to England, Nightingale started a nursing home for women. During the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) in 1854, she went with a group of thirty-eight nurses to the front hospitals. What they saw there was scary. Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled. The officer there did not want any women to tell him how to run a hospital, either. But the brave nurses stuck to work. After the war, she was honored for her services by Queen Victoria. She raised money to build the Nightingale Training School in London. Moreover, she wrote a book on public health, which was printed in several countries. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null