Unit 4 Breaking Boundaries-【志鸿优化训练】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册笔记&必记（外研版2019）辽宁专用

UNIT 4 BREAKING BOUNDARIES UNIT 4 BREAKING BOUNDARIES 核心单词 1.assist v.协助，帮助 assist sb..in doing sth.帮助某人做某事 assist(sb.)in/with sth.帮助（某人）做某事 assist sb.to do sth..帮助某人做某事 assistant m.助手，助理 assistance n.帮助，援助 with the assistance of在…的帮助下 come to one's assistance帮助某人 We will assist you in finding somewhere to live. 我们将帮你找个住的地方。 Lacking experience,Lily wanted me to assist her in/with her work. 由于缺乏经验，莉莉想让我在工作上帮助她。 Who will assist us to accomplish the task? 谁将帮助我们完成这项任务？ 2.vital adj..极其重要的，必不可少的 be vital to/for对…至关重要 It is vital to do sth.做某事是至关重要的 It is vital that.,…是至关重要的 Perseverance is vital to success. 毅力对于成功是至关重要的。 It was vital to give first aid to the injured man. 对这位伤者实施急救是至关重要的。 It's vital that we (should)carry out the operation immediately. 我们应该立刻开始手术，这是至关重要的。 3.relieve vt.给（某人）换班：衬托：缓解压力：减轻疼痛 relieve against在…的映衬下 relieve from从…中解除，减轻 relieve sb.of sth.解除某人的（负担、责任等） At seven o'clock the night nurse came in to relieve her. 7点钟时值夜班的护士进来接了她的班。 This medicine will relieve your headache. 这药将诚轻你的头痛。 The government acted quickly to relieve the widespread distress caused by the earthquake. 地震造成大范围的灾难，政府迅速采取行动赈济灾民。 The mountain is relieved against the blue sky. 在蓝天的映衬下，这座山轮廓分明。 英语· 21 ☑笔记&必记 4.compensate.弥补，补偿 compensate sb.for sth.就…对某人进行补偿 compensate for sth.对…进行弥补 The government is fully prepared to compensate the victims. 政府已做好充分准备补偿受害者。 The official promised to compensate people for the price rise. 那位官员承诺补偿民众的物价上涨。 They spend the rest of their lives trying to compensate for their inability to have children. 他们用自己的余生努力弥补无法生有的缺憾。 5.cast.选派（角色） be cast as sth.被选定扮演某个角色 cast sb.as sth,选某人扮演某个角色 cast a film为电影选角 In my opinion,Daniel Craig is very well cast. 我认为丹尼尔·克雷格这个演员选得很好。 He was cast as a college professor,when he graduated from middle school. 当他中学毕业时，他被选中扮演一名大学教授。 Steven Spielberg cast her as the young Wendy in Hook. 史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格选她扮演影片《铁钩船长》中年轻的温迪一角。 He had no trouble casting the film. 他没费一点儿力气便为这部电影选好了角色。 6.tackle v.处理，对付（难题）；与某人交涉 tackle v.擒获，抓住（小偷等）n.(尤指钓鱼等的)用具，装备 tackle sb.about sth.就某事和某人理论 The first reason to tackle these problems is to save children's lives. 解决这些问题的首要原因是为了挽救孩子们的生命。 I tackled him about the money he owed me. 我就他欠我钱的事与他进行了交涉。 7.infectious adj.传染性的，易传染的，有感染力的 infected adj.带菌的，感染病菌的 infect sb.感染/传染某人 infect sb.with sth.用某事感染某人 These viruses affect children and are highly infectious. 这些病毒会侵袭儿童，而且具有很强的传染性。 We recognized his infectious laughter. 我们认出他那富有感染力的笑声。 8.influential adj.有影响力的 influence n.&..影响 influence sb.to do sth.影响某人去做某事 have an influence on/upon对…有影响 under the influence of...在…的影响下 be influential in(doing)sth.对（做）某事颇有影响 Her work is highly influential in educating children. 她的作品在教育孩子方面很有影响力。 ·英语 UNIT 4 BREAKING BOUNDARIES 核心短语 L.give up放弃：戒除：让给：停止 give up on sb.对某人的到来（或康复，能否找到等）不再抱希望 give up sth.to把…让给/献给… give away泄露（机密）：暴露；分发；捐赠 give in投降：屈服：让步：上交 give in to屈服于，向…让步 give off发出（光、热、气味等）：发散（光线） The Coast Guard didn't give up the hope of finding the two divers alive. 海岸警卫队没有放弃寻找那两名潜水员生还的希望。 You ought to give up smoking. 你应该戒烟。 2.goon持续，继续下去 go on with sth.(尤指停顿或中断之后)继续做某事 go on doing sth.继续做某事 go on to do sth.(完成某事后)接着做另一件事 go through通过（考试，法案等）：经过，经历 go after追求：追逐 goby过去，流逝 go out(火或灯光)熄灭：出去 go over复习，重温 The talks cannot go on forever. 会谈不能永远继续下去。 3.engage in从事于：忙于：埋头致力于 be engaged to sb.与某人订婚 be engaged被占用的 He works in a furniture store where he is busily engaged in painting the furniture every day. 他在一家家具店上班，他每天忙于油漆家具。 Every time I call him,I hear "the number is engaged". 我每次拨打他的电话，总是听到“电话正在通话中”。 Bill was engaged to Betty,which made their parents happy. 比尔和贝蒂订了婚，这让他们的父母很开心 4.put.at risk使…处境危险：使遭受危险 at the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的危险 take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事 at one's own risk自担风险，责任自负 increase/reduce the risk of(doing)sth.增加/降低…的风险 This would mean putting other children at risk. 这将意味着让其他孩子遭受威胁。 You are putting yourself at risk if you are addicted to cigarette smoking,alcohol drinking or drug abuse. 如果你吸烟、酸酒或吸毒成瘾，你就是在把自己置于危险之中。 英语· 23 ☑笔记&必记 He saved my life at the risk of losing his own. 他冒着生命危险救了我的生命。 5.in vain徒劳：无结果(vain是形容词) “in十ad./n.”类介词短语归纳： detail详细（尽）地 place在正确位置 charge主管：负责 comfort舒适地 in peace和平地 ins harmony和谐地 public公开地 sight在视力所及范围之内 effect实际上 short简言之 They tried in vain to team up with that company. 他们试图与那家公司合作，但枉费心机了。 It's apparent that all our efforts were in vain. 很显然，我们所有的努力都白费了。 核心句式 1.It's exactly one month since the last reported case.(P38) 距离上次报告的病例已经整整一个月了。 It was exactly five years since her father had died. 距她父亲去世已经整整五年了。 It's weeks since Hana left home and the police are still searching for her. 汉娜离家已经好几个星期了，警方仍在寻找她。 It won't be long before we meet again. 过不了多久我们就又见面了。 It was several minutes before we realized what was happening. 儿分钟后我们才意识到发生了什么事。 2.To be caught up in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people,not only between carers and patients,but also between all those who have come from different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause.(P39) 陷入这样一场危机，不仅在护理人员和病人之间，而且在所有那些来自世界不同地区、为一项共同 事业而联合在一起的人之间，都产生了强有力的纽带。 To write and direet Hollywood films is more common than before for women. 对女性来说，编写和执导好莱坞电影比以前更为普遍。 It seems impossible to stop the work now. 现在停止这项工作似乎是不可能的。 3....we did everything we could to save them.(P39) …我们尽我们所能去拯救他们。 He opened the door for the children to come in. 他打开门让孩子们进来。 4.Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South,but the boundaries between black and white,and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.(P44) 现在，不仅要消除北方和南方之间的分歧，还要消除黑人和白人之间的界限，并逐步向着人类的平 等而努力，这都取决于活着的人。 24 ·英语 UNIT 4 BREAKING BOUNDARIES It's up to the travel companies to warn customers of any possible danger. 旅游公司有责任提醒顾客任何可能的危险。 5.....we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain...(P45) …我们要在这里下定最大的决心，不让这些死者白白牺牲… They tried in vain to persuade her to go. 他们极力劝说她去，但枉费了一番口舌。 话题作文 如何写演讲稿 I,话题词汇 1.honour n.荣誉 2.introduce v.介绍 3.title m.头衔 +.qualified adj.有资格的 5.diligent ad.勤奋的 6.hobby n.爱好 7.behave v.举止 8.diverse adj.多样化 9.warm-hearted ad..热心肠的 10.willing adj.愿意的 1l.respeet.尊重 12.deserve.值得，应受 13.respect u.尊敬 14.beloved adj.热爱的 15.knowledge n.知识 16.disadvantage n.缺点 I7.aspirant ad.上进的 Ⅱ.话题短语 l.help.out帮助 2.honorary titles荣誉称号 3.get along well with与…相处融洽 4.stand out脱颖而出 5.in need需要 6.play an important/a significant role in..在…中发挥若重要的作用 7.be of great importance to..…很重要 8.cultivate one's skills培养某人的技能 9.make a big difference to...对…有很大的影响 I0.offer the chance to do sth.提供做某事的机会 I1.recruit new members招募新成员 12.sign up(for sth..)报名（参加课程） 13.provide sb.with a platform为某人提供平台 Ⅲ，话题佳句 1.It is a great honour for me to introduce to you one of my best friends.Lin Yang. 我很荣幸向大家介绍我最好的一个朋友林洋。 2.He has just won the title of "The Most Qualified Student". 他刚刚获得了“最合格学生”的称号。 3.First of all,he,who is among the most diligent students in our school,studies hard and behaves well. 首先，他是我们学校最勤奋的学生之一，学习努力，举止得体。 4.In addition,he stands out for his diverse hobbies,including painting and playing the violin. 此外，他以爱好广泛而出类拔萃，包括绘画和拉小提琴。 5.Last but not least,he is warm-hearted and willing to help others,for which he has won our respect. 最后，他热心而且乐于助人，这让他赢得了我们的尊重。 英语· 25 ☑笔记&必记 6.Such is my best friend. 这就是我最好的朋友。 7.In my view,he deserves to win the title of"The Most Qualified Student". 我认为他应该赢得“最合格学生”的称号。 8.Today.I would like to introduce my teacher,the person I respect most. 今天，我要介绍我的老师，我最尊敬的人。 9.As for the person who plays an important role in my life,there is no doubt that he is my beloved teacher. 至于在我生命中扮演重要角色的人，无疑是我敏爱的老师 10.My teacher,in her 40s,is a senior teacher.She has won many honorary titles. 我的老师，40多岁，是一名高级教师，她已获得许多荣誉称号。 11.In her work,she realized that it was important to equip herself with more knowledge. 在她的工作中，她意识到用更多的知识充实自己是很重要的。 12.Therefore,she always finds time to study every day.She gets up early and goes to bed late every day. 因此，她每天总是抽时间学习。她每天起得很早，睡得很晚 13.She works hard and instructs her students patiently without complaining. 她努力工作，耐心指导学生，毫无怨言。 14.Whenever people around are in trouble,they are willing to ask her for help,which makes her respected by all our teachers and students. 每当周围的人遇到麻烦时，他们都愿意向她求助，这使她受到我们所有老师和学生的尊儆。 15.This is my teacher,a kind,hard-working,aspirant woman.I will always respect and love her. 这就是我的老师，一个善良、勤劳，上进的女人。我将永远尊重和爱她。 N,话题作文 假定你是李华，作为交换生在英国一所学校交流学习。现在你即将回国，要作为学生代表在欢送 会上发言，请按下列要点写一篇演讲稿： 1.表示感谢： 2.学习的收获和感受： 3.表达祝愿。 注意： 1.词数80左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文： Dear teachers and friends, I feel greatly honored to give a speech here on behalf of all the exchange students. The first thing I want to say is that living and studying here makes us very fulfilled.During our stay,we have a better understanding of the British life.culture,society and so on,which have not only enriched our knowledge but also broadened our horizon.Apart from that,our abilities including listening,speaking and writing English have also got greatly improved.And it is all the English teachers and classmates here that we should owe many thanks to.Without their help,we couldn't have achieved so much. True friendship never ends,so I hope we can keep in touch with each other even after we go back home.And I also sincerely hope that you can come to China for a visit some day. That's all!Thank you! 26 ·英语