精品解析：山东省济宁市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题

济宁市第一中学 2024—2025学年度第一学期质量检测(一) 高三英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在相应位置，认真核对条形码上的姓名、考生号和座号，并将条形码粘贴在指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.回答非选择题时，必须使用 0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸，试题卷上答题无效。保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What food will the woman's daughter avoid? A. Steaks. B. Onions. C. Ice cream. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Co- workers. C. A couple. 3. What flight will the speakers be on? A. CJ 875. B. CJ 865. C. CJ930. 4. Why is the man worried about his brother? A. His brother is too confident. B. His brother struggles to make friends. C. His brother's friends will be a bad influence on him. 5. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Types of schools. B. Places to sleep. C. Online classes. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How can the woman be described? A. Helpful. B. Rude. C. Dishonest. 7. What is the man likely canceling? A. A hospital booking. B. A hotel room. C. A flight. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a café. B. In an office. C. On a soccer field. 9. Who is the best goal scorer in the team? A. Natalie. B. Laura. C. Dave. 10. What position will Bill probably play? A. The goalkeeper. B. The striker. C. The midfielder. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。 11. What does the woman like best about the stamps she collects? A. Their beauty. B. Their price. C. Their cultural value. 12. Which stamp does the man like most? A. The one from Ethiopia. B. The one from Norway. C. The one from Fiji. 13. How much does the set of stamps about Mei Lanfang probably cost? A. 13,000 yuan. B.40,000 yuan. C. 85,000 yuan. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What event are the speakers cleaning for? A. The Easter party. B. The woman's birthday. C. The Spring Festival gathering. 15. How does the woman feel about hosting the event? A. Particular. B. Excited. C. Nervous. 16. Why does the man do the cleaning before Spring Festival? A. To make his mother happy. B. To treat his relatives. C. To get rid of bad luck. 17. What can the man probably do on the first day of the New Year? A. Wash clothes. B. Cook. C. Do the dishes. 听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。 18. What is the name of the speaker's first play? A. Bird on the Wing. B. Iris Falls. C. Clara's Girl. 19. Why did the speaker act the lead character in her first play? A. She was a talented actress. B. She didn't trust another actress. C. She couldn't afford to pay proper actors. 20. Who plays the main character in Clara's Girl? A. Yvette Rogers. B. Dame Vera Parker. C. Shing Wu. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A A Selection of Museums and Attractions in Washington DC The Tidal Basin The basin, part of the West Potomac Park, is surrounded by a path that’s perfect for walking, running or cycling. The memorials to Thomas Jefferson and Martin Luther King Junior are two highlights surrounding the lake. It is the location most associated with Washington’s Cherry Blossom (樱花) Festival that takes place each spring. National Museum of African American History and Culture The museum opened in late 2016 after more than a decade of planning. It is dedicated to African American history and culture and is organized like a vertical timeline, starting with the Atlantic slave trade on the 1400s and moving up to the 21st century. Higher up are exhibitions on African American music, theatre and art. It’s a powerful experience and also very popular: you’ll have to apply for a timed ticket to enter. The Newseum Further along Pennsylvania Avenue is the Newseum, loved for the 800 newspaper front pages from around the world that are hung outside every morning. Inside, there are moving exhibits showing how important historical events have been reported, such as the September 11 attacks. Alongside newspaper pages from the day after the attacks, there’s a video exhibit highlighting the work of journalists reporting on the Twin Towers falling. A must if you’re interested in journalism. National Gallery of Art The art gallery is an impressive space: two buildings, linked underground, and a sculpture garden next door. Inside the light-filed East Building there’s modern art, including a roomful of Jackson Pollock’s murals (壁), Andy Warhol’s Green Marilyn and Roy Lichtenstein’s Look Mickey. The classical West Building tends to house older artwork: the European impressionists and Italian Renaissance art (from artists including Da Vinci and Raphael) are two highlights. 1. Which of the following requires reserving a ticket in advance? A. The Newseum. B. The Tidal Basin. C. National Gallery of Art. D. National Museum of African American History and Culture. 2. What can visitors do at the Newseum? A. Learn about the stories about news. B. Learn how to report important events. C. Talk with journalists about the 9/11 attacks. D. Read 800 recently published newspapers. 3. Why is Green Marilyn exhibited in the East Building? A. It’s a painting of modern art. B. It is a painting of traditional art. C. It is a painting by a famous artist. D. It is a priceless painting of the gallery. B Ms. McIntyre, 38, worked as a publisher. She suffered brain cancer and her health got worse despite some medical treatment. But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay. Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. The group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they cost. In other words, for every 100 donated, the group can pay off 10,000 in unpaid medical bills. Unfortunately, Ms. McIntyre passed away before long. Mr. Gregory posted a message for Ms. McIntyre on her social media accounts. “If you’re reading this, I have passed away,” the post began. Then the post explained, “To celebrate my life, I’ve arranged to buy up others’ medical debts and then destroy the debts.” The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts. Mr. Gregory planned a special event in December to celebrate Ms. McIntyre’s life and to announce how many millions of dollars of medical debts her efforts had paid for. 4. Why did Ms. McIntyre feel luckier than some other people? A. The doctors eventually cured her. B. Her disease didn’t become worse. C. She had security about medical care. D. She had a decent job before being ill. 5. How did Ms. McIntyre and her husband help others? A. By paying for their daily debts. B. By giving away money to them. C. By purchasing medical insurance for them. D. By ridding them of debts from treatments. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The couple’s anticipation. B. The public involvement. C. The operation of a website. D. The increase of medical debts. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Ms. McIntyre? A. Influential and understanding. B. Humorous and elegant. C. Cautious and promising. D. Enthusiastic and adaptable. C Researchers at MIT created a high-tech pill that starts to vibrate (震动) once it makes contact with liquid in the user’s stomach and make him or her feel full. The pill was reportedly thought up by Shriya Srinivasan, currently an assistant professor of bioengineering at Harvard University. VIBES, short for Vibrating Ingestible BioEleotronic Stimulator, was only recently made public in a study published in the Science Journal, but it is already being announced by the media as the future of weight loss. Although it has yet to be tested on humans, trials on pigs have achieved very hopeful results. After about 30 minutes of VIBES activity, pigs consumed on average almost 40 percent less food in the next half hour than they did without the smart pill. Apparently, the revolutionary device works by activating stretch receptors in the stomach, modeling the presence of food. This in turn signals the hypothalamus (下丘脑) to increase the levels of hormones that make us feel full. The vibrating stimulator, which is about the size of a vitamin pill, is powered by an encased battery and activated either by the gastric fluid (胃液) breaking down a coat around the pill, or by an incorporated timer. After producing the desired effect, the pill exits the body with other solid waste: The good news is that it is expected to have a cost in the cents to one dollar range, and researchers say that it may eventually be possible to implant the stimulator and thus remove the need for people to constantly swallow it. “Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of a low-cost, non-operative intervention to reduce food intake and ca lorie consumption. The device functions effectively in the stomach and leading to fullness,” said Giovanni Traverso, co-author of the study. “The device has the potential to revolutionize options for weight loss treatment. However, future studies will need to explore the physiological effects of the device before it’s available for patients.” Researchers are now exploring ways to scale up the producing of VIBES capsules which could enable clinical trials in humans. 8. What is the outcome of taking the pill? A. Liquid production. B. Food storage. C. Sensation of fullness. D. Recovery of users. 9. Which aspect of the device is mentioned in paragraph 2? A. Its working principle. B. Its intelligence. C. Its testing history. D. Its side effect. 10. What is the researchers’ ultimate goal of the device? A. To produce gastric fluid with it. B. To destroy the coat around it. C. To fix it in human body. D. To remove solid waste from it. 11 What is Giovanni Traverso’s attitude towards the future of the device? A. Worried. B. Cautious. C. Doubtful. D. Confused. D Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-toimage generator, like Midjourney or DALL-E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead. What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work. This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named “Nightshade” to fight back against unauthorised image scraping. The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg. The higher the number of “poisoned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned” images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a “poisoned” image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected. Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit. Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights. 12 Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “scraping” (para. 2)? A. Facilitating. B. Collecting. C. Damaging. D. Polishing. 13. What might be the effect of adding poisoned data? A. Users might forget the prompt key words. B. It might discriminate against great masterpieces. C. It might interfere with the training of generative AI. D. The accuracy of returned information might increase. 14. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights. B. Computer scientists has learned to respect the copyright of most artists. C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces. D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest. 15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists B. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training C. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists D. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项. How to Stop Being a People Pleaser As a recovering people pleaser, I spent much of my life keeping others happy. Breaking this habit meant stepping on a few toes. However, I’ve become a happier person as a result. Here are some tips I used to stop being a people pleaser. Identify your priorities. Take a moment to think about why you are trying to learn how to stop being a people pleaser. Who are the people that you feel the need to please? ____16____ Answering these questions will help you set a goal that you can hold yourself accountable to. Just say “no”. One reason why people pleasers say “yes” to everything is that they fear disappointing others. ____17____ If you are a people pleaser, you are likely to spend lots of energy trying to control how people feel about you. The best thing you can do is let them feel their feelings. It will feel liberating to free yourself from being responsible for someone else's reaction. ____18____ Saying “no” is a good way to set better boundaries in your important relationships. All healthy relationships have their own boundaries. If you haven’t set boundaries in your relationships, the odds are that at some point you will end up feeling pressured to do something you don’t want to do. Accept yourself. Many people pleasers are insecure about who they are. ____19____ Check out our summary of Brené Brown’s the Gifts of Imperfection to learn how to accept your imperfections and love yourself. Remember that you cannot please everyone. No matter what you do there will always be someone who is unhappy with your choices. ____20____ A. Set healthy boundaries. B. Keep healthy relationships. C. Why do you feel the need to keep them happy? D. Spend some time learning to love yourself for who you are. E. And why bother trying to please everyone if it isn’t possible? F. But saying “no” is the best way to take care of your own needs. G. That is why the more you seek security, the less of it you have. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alvin, 66, was deep in the woods in Grand Cane last December when something like litter on the ground caught his eye. It was a ___21___ balloon with a note attached. “Dear Santa,” the note ___22___. “My name is Luna. Four years old. This year I have been ___23___. I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, My Little Pony. With love, Luna.” Alvin’s heart hammered in his chest. It reminded him of his childhood wish. He smiled and set out to ___24___ Luna’s wish. He posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas wish list on his Facebook page, asking for help ___25___ the sender. Meanwhile, Gonzalez, the mother of four-year old Luna, had no idea that such a(n) ___26___ was underway. It had been a hard year for her family as COVID-19 spread. On a ___27___ tough day last December, she ___28___ the idea of having Luna send a letter to Santa by releasing a balloon. They enjoyed a ___29___ Christmas together, and then the calendar turned to a new year. One day, Gonzalez received a call saying that someone had found Luna’s balloon. Her jaw ____30____. She logged on to Facebook and saw Alvin’s ____31____. She called Alvin and finally agreed to let Alvin fulfill her daughter’s wish list. “Santa dropped your balloon ____32____,” Gonzalez told Luna, “but one of his elves (精灵) found it.” Not long after that, Luna received three boxes’ worth of ____33____with a note signed “Alvin the Elf.” Now, having received so much ____34____, Gonzalez and her girl intend to pay it forward this year. After all, when Alvin could have just ____35____ that balloon in the trash, he went more than the extra mile. 21. A. beautiful B. broken C. precious D. blown 22. A. printed B. wrote C. typed D. read 23. A. nice B. difficult C. demanding D. smart 24. A. fulfill B. spread C. make D. express 25. A. entertaining B. uniting C. reporting D. locating 26. A. preparation B. effort C. research D. game 27. A. temporarily B. relatively C. particularly D. naturally 28. A. came up with B. argued about C. put up with D. jumped at 29. A. healthy B. green C. modest D. grand 30. A. burst B. cracked C. broke D. dropped 31. A. post B. letter C. name D. photo 32. A. in time B. after all C. by accident D. on purpose 33. A. candies B. gifts C. toys D. books 34. A. attention B. admiration C. popularity D. generosity 35. A. adopted B. stored C. thrown D. dragged 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from ____36____ he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. However, the greatest issue he encountered was the widespread ____37____(inconsistent) in the use of drug names. Realising the importance of field research outweighed ____38____of extensive reading, in 1565 Li travelled far and wide into the mountains and wilderness. He covered what are today’s provinces of Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu, and many other places. After over a decade of field research, Li ____39____(successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. He revised ____40____ work at least three times right up until his death in 1593. Since its first publication in 1596, the book ____41____(receive) world-wide recognition. British naturalist Charles Darwin acknowledged the book ____42____ an “ancient Chinese encyclopedia.” In 2011, the book____43____(list) on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. In 2017, an international conference was held in Beijing ____44____(celebrate) Li’s 500th birthday. Today, there are a ____45____(grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book, and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 你校英语俱乐部拟创办校英文刊物，将召开俱乐部成员会议，商讨刊物栏目(columns)。假如你是成员李华，请你写一份会议发言稿，提议开设一个栏目。内容包括：1. 栏目名称；2.开设理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hello, my dear fellows! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When things went wrong, Ittleby Fein always had something nice to say. When Dad forgot about the pizza and it burned, Ittleby comforted him by saying it would still taste good. And he was right. The pizza edges were dark and crispy, but the middle wasn’t half bad. When Ittleby’s friend David got a low score on the spelling test, Ittleby said that he would do better next time. And, sure enough, David studied hard and got 100 percent the next week. When his teacher, Mr D, bumped into a bookstand in the library, Ittleby told him not to worry as Mrs Bog wouldn’t be upset. He was right. The librarian just laughed and helped pick up the books. Ittleby looked on the bright side. And everyone liked that about him. Everyone, that is, except Hazel. Hazel was the new kid in the class. On her first day, Ittleby said, “Nice to meet you, Hazel. I think you’ll like it here.” Hazel stared at him. “I doubt it.” Ittleby didn’t know what to do. He’d never met anyone like Hazel. When Mr D said they’d have recess inside because of the rain, Ittleby said, “Every cloud has a silver lining.” “A silver lining?” Hazel shook her head. “Clouds are white. Maybe gray. Where do you get this stuff?” Ittleby felt as if the wind had been knocked out of him. Outside the window, the clouds had rolled over the sun. The room felt darker. “Bad things come in threes” said Hazel. No outdoor recess is number one. What will the second thing be? The class didn’t have to wait long to find out. Greta was carrying a tray of paints during art class. She tripped, and the paint went flying. There was blue on the floor and red and black on the walls. Hazel declared it to be the second bad thing. Ittleby didn’t know what to say. Hazel seemed so sure about the Rule of Three Bad Things. Emma came to look at Ittleby’s painting. “It’s beautiful. I especially like the grassland.” She said. 注意： 1、续写词数应150左右; 2、请按如下格式作答。 She picked it up not realizing she had paint on her fingers. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Want to add one?” Ittleby asked Hazel. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1—5 BCABA 6—10 ABCAC 11—15 CBBAC 16—20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 济宁市第一中学 2024—2025学年度第一学期质量检测(一) 高三英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在相应位置，认真核对条形码上的姓名、考生号和座号，并将条形码粘贴在指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.回答非选择题时，必须使用 0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸，试题卷上答题无效。保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What food will the woman's daughter avoid? A. Steaks. B. Onions. C. Ice cream. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Co- workers. C. A couple. 3. What flight will the speakers be on? A. CJ 875. B. CJ 865. C. CJ930. 4. Why is the man worried about his brother? A. His brother is too confident. B. His brother struggles to make friends. C. His brother's friends will be a bad influence on him. 5. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Types of schools. B. Places to sleep. C. Online classes. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How can the woman be described? A. Helpful. B. Rude. C. Dishonest. 7. What is the man likely canceling? A. A hospital booking. B. A hotel room. C. A flight. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a café. B. In an office. C. On a soccer field. 9. Who is the best goal scorer in the team? A. Natalie. B. Laura. C. Dave. 10. What position will Bill probably play? A. The goalkeeper. B. The striker. C. The midfielder. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。 11. What does the woman like best about the stamps she collects? A. Their beauty. B. Their price. C. Their cultural value. 12. Which stamp does the man like most? A. The one from Ethiopia. B. The one from Norway. C. The one from Fiji. 13. How much does the set of stamps about Mei Lanfang probably cost? A. 13,000 yuan. B.40,000 yuan. C. 85,000 yuan. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What event are the speakers cleaning for? A. The Easter party. B. The woman's birthday. C. The Spring Festival gathering. 15. How does the woman feel about hosting the event? A. Particular. B. Excited. C. Nervous. 16. Why does the man do the cleaning before Spring Festival? A. To make his mother happy. B. To treat his relatives. C. To get rid of bad luck. 17. What can the man probably do on the first day of the New Year? A. Wash clothes. B. Cook. C. Do the dishes. 听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。 18. What is the name of the speaker's first play? A. Bird on the Wing. B. Iris Falls. C. Clara's Girl. 19. Why did the speaker act the lead character in her first play? A. She was a talented actress. B. She didn't trust another actress. C. She couldn't afford to pay proper actors. 20. Who plays the main character in Clara's Girl? A. Yvette Rogers. B. Dame Vera Parker. C. Shing Wu. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A A Selection of Museums and Attractions in Washington DC The Tidal Basin The basin, part of the West Potomac Park, is surrounded by a path that’s perfect for walking, running or cycling. The memorials to Thomas Jefferson and Martin Luther King Junior are two highlights surrounding the lake. It is the location most associated with Washington’s Cherry Blossom (樱花) Festival that takes place each spring. National Museum of African American History and Culture The museum opened in late 2016 after more than a decade of planning. It is dedicated to African American history and culture and is organized like a vertical timeline, starting with the Atlantic slave trade on the 1400s and moving up to the 21st century. Higher up are exhibitions on African American music, theatre and art. It’s a powerful experience and also very popular: you’ll have to apply for a timed ticket to enter. The Newseum Further along Pennsylvania Avenue is the Newseum, loved for the 800 newspaper front pages from around the world that are hung outside every morning. Inside, there are moving exhibits showing how important historical events have been reported, such as the September 11 attacks. Alongside newspaper pages from the day after the attacks, there’s a video exhibit highlighting the work of journalists reporting on the Twin Towers falling. A must if you’re interested in journalism. National Gallery of Art The art gallery is an impressive space: two buildings, linked underground, and a sculpture garden next door. Inside the light-filed East Building there’s modern art, including a roomful of Jackson Pollock’s murals (壁), Andy Warhol’s Green Marilyn and Roy Lichtenstein’s Look Mickey. The classical West Building tends to house older artwork: the European impressionists and Italian Renaissance art (from artists including Da Vinci and Raphael) are two highlights. 1. Which of the following requires reserving a ticket in advance? A. The Newseum. B. The Tidal Basin. C. National Gallery of Art. D. National Museum of African American History and Culture. 2. What can visitors do at the Newseum? A. Learn about the stories about news. B. Learn how to report important events. C. Talk with journalists about the 9/11 attacks. D. Read 800 recently published newspapers. 3. Why is Green Marilyn exhibited in the East Building? A. It’s a painting of modern art. B. It is a painting of traditional art. C. It is a painting by a famous artist. D. It is a priceless painting of the gallery. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了华盛顿DC的一些博物馆和景点，包括潮汐盆地、非洲美洲历史文化博物馆、新闻博物馆和国家艺术画廊等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s a powerful experience and also very popular: you’ll have to apply for a timed ticket to enter.”（这是一次强烈的体验，也非常受欢迎：你必须申请一个定时的票才能进入。）可知，需要提前预订票的是非洲美洲历史文化博物馆。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Inside, there are moving exhibits showing how important historical events have been reported, such as the September 11 attacks.”（里面有一些动人的展览，展示了重要的历史事件是如何被报道的，比如9月11日的袭击。）可知，新闻博物馆的参观者可以了解新闻的故事。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Inside the light-filed East Building there’s modern art, including a roomful of Jackson Pollock’s murals (壁), Andy Warhol’s Green Marilyn and Roy Lichtenstein’s Look Mickey.”（在光线充足的东楼里，有现代艺术，包括杰克逊·波洛克的一屋子壁画，安迪·沃霍尔的绿色玛丽莲和罗伊·利希滕斯坦的看米奇。）可知，绿色玛丽莲是现代艺术的一部分，所以在东楼展出。故选A。 B Ms. McIntyre, 38, worked as a publisher. She suffered brain cancer and her health got worse despite some medical treatment. But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay. Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. The group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they cost. In other words, for every 100 donated, the group can pay off 10,000 in unpaid medical bills. Unfortunately, Ms. McIntyre passed away before long. Mr. Gregory posted a message for Ms. McIntyre on her social media accounts. “If you’re reading this, I have passed away,” the post began. Then the post explained, “To celebrate my life, I’ve arranged to buy up others’ medical debts and then destroy the debts.” The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts. Mr. Gregory planned a special event in December to celebrate Ms. McIntyre’s life and to announce how many millions of dollars of medical debts her efforts had paid for. 4. Why did Ms. McIntyre feel luckier than some other people? A The doctors eventually cured her. B. Her disease didn’t become worse. C. She had security about medical care. D. She had a decent job before being ill. 5. How did Ms. McIntyre and her husband help others? A. By paying for their daily debts. B. By giving away money to them. C. By purchasing medical insurance for them. D. By ridding them of debts from treatments. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The couple’s anticipation. B. The public involvement. C. The operation of a website. D. The increase of medical debts. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Ms. McIntyre? A. Influential and understanding. B. Humorous and elegant. C. Cautious and promising. D. Enthusiastic and adaptable. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了身患绝症的出版商McIntyre女士与其丈夫捐赠善款，通过RIP医疗债务组织帮助他人清偿巨额医疗账单的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. (但她意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他人幸运。她有保险来帮助支付医疗费用)”可知，麦金太尔女士觉得自己比其他人幸运，这是因为她有医疗保险帮助支付医疗费用，她有医疗保障。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. (尽管她的健康状况正在恶化，麦金太尔女士还是决定尽可能多地帮助人们偿还医疗债务。这对夫妇开始向一个名为RIP医疗债务的组织捐款，该组织致力于偿还他人未付的医疗债务)”可知，麦金太尔女士和她的丈夫通过偿还他人未付的医疗债务帮助别人。故选D。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts. (这对夫妇在一个网站上设立了一个页面，为此目的筹集资金。他们原本希望筹集约2万美元。尽管如此，麦金太尔女士的最后一篇帖子还是引起了很多关注。她网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在继续。截至2023年11月22日，麦金太尔女士的网页已筹集了62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)”可知，本段主要介绍了公众参与筹集资金，即公众参与。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay. (但麦金太尔女士和她的丈夫格雷戈里先生知道，许多癌症患者由于医疗费用而面临艰难的决定，最终欠款远远超过他们的承受能力)”可知，麦金太尔女士能够理解他人的处境，根据第四段“Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts. (尽管如此，麦金太尔女士的最后一篇帖子还是引起了很多关注。她网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在继续。截至2023年11月22日，麦金太尔女士的网页已筹集了62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)”可知，麦金太尔女士很有影响力，由此可知，麦金太尔女士有影响力和理解他人的。故选A。 C Researchers at MIT created a high-tech pill that starts to vibrate (震动) once it makes contact with liquid in the user’s stomach and make him or her feel full. The pill was reportedly thought up by Shriya Srinivasan, currently an assistant professor of bioengineering at Harvard University. VIBES, short for Vibrating Ingestible BioEleotronic Stimulator, was only recently made public in a study published in the Science Journal, but it is already being announced by the media as the future of weight loss. Although it has yet to be tested on humans, trials on pigs have achieved very hopeful results. After about 30 minutes of VIBES activity, pigs consumed on average almost 40 percent less food in the next half hour than they did without the smart pill. Apparently, the revolutionary device works by activating stretch receptors in the stomach, modeling the presence of food. This in turn signals the hypothalamus (下丘脑) to increase the levels of hormones that make us feel full. The vibrating stimulator, which is about the size of a vitamin pill, is powered by an encased battery and activated either by the gastric fluid (胃液) breaking down a coat around the pill, or by an incorporated timer. After producing the desired effect, the pill exits the body with other solid waste: The good news is that it is expected to have a cost in the cents to one dollar range, and researchers say that it may eventually be possible to implant the stimulator and thus remove the need for people to constantly swallow it. “Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of a low-cost, non-operative intervention to reduce food intake and ca lorie consumption. The device functions effectively in the stomach and leading to fullness,” said Giovanni Traverso, co-author of the study. “The device has the potential to revolutionize options for weight loss treatment. However, future studies will need to explore the physiological effects of the device before it’s available for patients.” Researchers are now exploring ways to scale up the producing of VIBES capsules which could enable clinical trials in humans. 8. What is the outcome of taking the pill? A. Liquid production. B. Food storage. C. Sensation of fullness. D. Recovery of users. 9. Which aspect of the device is mentioned in paragraph 2? A. Its working principle. B. Its intelligence. C. Its testing history. D. Its side effect. 10. What is the researchers’ ultimate goal of the device? A. To produce gastric fluid with it. B. To destroy the coat around it. C. To fix it in human body. D. To remove solid waste from it. 11. What is Giovanni Traverso’s attitude towards the future of the device? A. Worried. B. Cautious. C. Doubtful. D. Confused. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。麻省理工学院的研究人员发明了一种高科技药丸，一旦它与使用者胃里的液体接触，就会开始振动，让他或她有饱腹感。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers at MIT created a high-tech pill that starts to vibrate (震动) once it makes contact with liquid in the user’s stomach and make him or her feel full. (麻省理工学院的研究人员发明了一种高科技药丸，一旦它与使用者胃里的液体接触，就会开始振动，让他或她有饱腹感)”可知，吃下药丸会有饱腹感。故选C项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Apparently, the revolutionary device works by activating stretch receptors in the stomach, modeling the presence of food. This in turn signals the hypothalamus (下丘脑) to increase the levels of hormones that make us feel full. The vibrating stimulator, which is about the size of a vitamin pill, is powered by an encased battery and activated either by the gastric fluid (胃液) breaking down a coat around the pill, or by an incorporated timer. (显然，这种革命性的装置通过激活胃中的拉伸受体来模拟食物的存在。这反过来又向下丘脑发出信号，使我们感到饱腹的激素水平升高。振动刺激器大约有维生素药丸大小，由封装的电池供电，通过胃液分解药丸周围的涂层或通过内置的计时器激活)”可知，第二段在说设备的工作原理。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Researchers are now exploring ways to scale up the producing of VIBES capsules which could enable clinical trials in humans.(研究人员目前正在探索扩大VIBES胶囊生产规模的方法，这可能使其能够在人体内进行临床试验)”可知，设备的最终目标是植入人体内。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The device has the potential to revolutionize options for weight loss treatment. However, future studies will need to explore the physiological effects of the device before it’s available for patients. (该设备有可能彻底改变减肥治疗选择。然而，未来的研究需要在患者使用该设备之前探索其生理效果)”可推知，Giovanni Traverso对设备的将来持谨慎的态度。故选B项。 D Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-toimage generator, like Midjourney or DALL-E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead. What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work. This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named “Nightshade” to fight back against unauthorised image scraping. The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg. The higher the number of “poisoned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned” images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a “poisoned” image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected. Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit. Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights. 12. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “scraping” (para. 2)? A. Facilitating. B. Collecting. C. Damaging. D. Polishing. 13. What might be the effect of adding poisoned data? A. Users might forget the prompt key words. B. It might discriminate against great masterpieces. C. It might interfere with the training of generative AI. D. The accuracy of returned information might increase. 14. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights. B. Computer scientists has learned to respect the copyright of most artists. C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces. D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest. 15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists B. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training C. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists D. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种干扰生成式人工智能的方式，即添加有毒数据对生成式人工智能造成干扰。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately(一些生成器是通过不加选择地……)”和后文“online images, many of which may be under copyright(在线图像，其中许多图像可能是受版权保护的)”以及下一句“This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work.(这导致了许多侵犯版权的案件，艺术家们指责大型科技公司窃取他们的作品并从中获利)”可知，导致了许多侵犯版权的案件是因为一些生成器不加选择地收集在线图像，而其中许多图像可能是受版权保护的。故划线词意思是“收集”。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results.(该工具的工作原理是稍微改变图像的像素，以一种混淆计算机视觉系统的方式，但对人类的眼睛来说，图像保持不变。如果一个组织随后抓取其中一张图像来训练未来的人工智能模型，那么它的数据池就会“中毒”。这可能导致错误的学习，从而使生成器返回意想不到的结果)”可知，添加有毒数据可能会干扰生成式人工智能的训练。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights.(或许最好将数据中毒视为一种创新的解决方案，以解决某些基本人权遭到剥夺的问题)”可知，数据中毒在某种程度上是有理由将人们的注意力引向人权的。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work.(发生了什么？你正在使用的发电机可能已经“中毒”了。这是什么意思？文本到图像生成器的工作原理是在包含数百万或数十亿图像的大型数据集上进行训练。一些生成器是通过不加选择地抓取在线图像来训练的，其中许多图像可能是受版权保护的。这导致了许多侵犯版权的案件，艺术家们指责大型科技公司窃取他们的作品并从中获利)”结合文章主要介绍了一种干扰生成式人工智能的方式，即添加有毒数据对生成式人工智能造成干扰。可知，A选项“数据中毒：限制创新还是授权艺术家”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项. How to Stop Being a People Pleaser As a recovering people pleaser, I spent much of my life keeping others happy. Breaking this habit meant stepping on a few toes. However, I’ve become a happier person as a result. Here are some tips I used to stop being a people pleaser. Identify your priorities. Take a moment to think about why you are trying to learn how to stop being a people pleaser. Who are the people that you feel the need to please? ____16____ Answering these questions will help you set a goal that you can hold yourself accountable to. Just say “no”. One reason why people pleasers say “yes” to everything is that they fear disappointing others. ____17____ If you are a people pleaser, you are likely to spend lots of energy trying to control how people feel about you. The best thing you can do is let them feel their feelings. It will feel liberating to free yourself from being responsible for someone else's reaction. ____18____ Saying “no” is a good way to set better boundaries in your important relationships. All healthy relationships have their own boundaries. If you haven’t set boundaries in your relationships, the odds are that at some point you will end up feeling pressured to do something you don’t want to do. Accept yourself. Many people pleasers are insecure about who they are. ____19____ Check out our summary of Brené Brown’s the Gifts of Imperfection to learn how to accept your imperfections and love yourself. Remember that you cannot please everyone. No matter what you do there will always be someone who is unhappy with your choices. ____20____ A. Set healthy boundaries. B. Keep healthy relationships. C. Why do you feel the need to keep them happy? D. Spend some time learning to love yourself for who you are. E. And why bother trying to please everyone if it isn’t possible? F. But saying “no” is the best way to take care of your own needs. G. That is why the more you seek security, the less of it you have. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何停止取悦他人，从而成为一个更快乐的人的建议。 【16题详解】 根据下文“Answering these questions will help you set a goal that you can hold yourself accountable to.(回答这些问题将有助于你设定一个可以让自己负责的目标。)”可知，上文应提出一些问题，而C项Why do you feel the need to keep them happy?(为什么你觉得有必要让他们快乐？)符合语境，能够承接上下文。其中them指代上文中的the people that you feel the need to please，该句也和下文questions对应。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Just say‘no’. One reason why people pleasers say ‘yes’ to everything is that they fear disappointing others. (只要说‘不’。讨好者对任何事情都说“是”的一个原因是他们害怕让别人失望)”可知，此处建议我们学会说“不”。而F项But saying “no” is the best way to take care of your own needs.(但是说“不”是照顾自己需求的最好方式)能够衔接上文，且与上文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Saying‘no’ is a good way to set better boundaries in your important relationships. All healthy relationships have their own boundaries.(说“不”是在你的重要关系中设定更好界限的好方法。所有健康的关系都有自己的界限)”可知，这里建议设定健康的界限。而A项Set healthy boundaries.(设定健康的界限)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Accept yourself. Many people pleasers are insecure about who they are.(接受你自己。许多讨好者不确定自己是谁)”可知，本段建议接受真实的自己。而D项Spend some time learning to love yourself for who you are.(花点时间学会爱真实的自己)符合语境，其中who you are与上文who they are对应，有承上作用。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Remember that you cannot please everyone. No matter what you do there will always be someone who is unhappy with your choices.(记住，你不可能取悦所有人。无论你做什么，总会有人对你的选择不满意)”可知，这里讲我们是不可能取悦所有的人。而E项And why bother trying to please everyone if it isn’t possible?(那么，如果不可能的话，为什么还要费心去取悦每个人呢？)能够衔接上文，构成因果关系，符合语境。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alvin, 66, was deep in the woods in Grand Cane last December when something like litter on the ground caught his eye. It was a ___21___ balloon with a note attached. “Dear Santa,” the note ___22___. “My name is Luna. Four years old. This year I have been ___23___. I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, My Little Pony. With love, Luna.” Alvin’s heart hammered in his chest. It reminded him of his childhood wish. He smiled and set out to ___24___ Luna’s wish. He posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas wish list on his Facebook page, asking for help ___25___ the sender. Meanwhile, Gonzalez, the mother of four-year old Luna, had no idea that such a(n) ___26___ was underway. It had been a hard year for her family as COVID-19 spread. On a ___27___ tough day last December, she ___28___ the idea of having Luna send a letter to Santa by releasing a balloon. They enjoyed a ___29___ Christmas together, and then the calendar turned to a new year. One day, Gonzalez received a call saying that someone had found Luna’s balloon. Her jaw ____30____. She logged on to Facebook and saw Alvin’s ____31____. She called Alvin and finally agreed to let Alvin fulfill her daughter’s wish list. “Santa dropped your balloon ____32____,” Gonzalez told Luna, “but one of his elves (精灵) found it.” Not long after that, Luna received three boxes’ worth of ____33____with a note signed “Alvin the Elf.” Now, having received so much ____34____, Gonzalez and her girl intend to pay it forward this year. After all, when Alvin could have just ____35____ that balloon in the trash, he went more than the extra mile. 21. A. beautiful B. broken C. precious D. blown 22. A. printed B. wrote C. typed D. read 23. A. nice B. difficult C. demanding D. smart 24. A. fulfill B. spread C. make D. express 25. A. entertaining B. uniting C. reporting D. locating 26. A. preparation B. effort C. research D. game 27. A. temporarily B. relatively C. particularly D. naturally 28. A. came up with B. argued about C. put up with D. jumped at 29. A. healthy B. green C. modest D. grand 30. A. burst B. cracked C. broke D. dropped 31. A. post B. letter C. name D. photo 32. A. in time B. after all C. by accident D. on purpose 33. A. candies B. gifts C. toys D. books 34. A. attention B. admiration C. popularity D. generosity 35. A. adopted B. stored C. thrown D. dragged 【答案】21 B 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了66岁的Alvin捡到一个破气球，上面有四岁的小孩Luna写的向圣诞老人讨要的礼物，Alvin最终帮助Luna实现愿望的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个破气球，上面还贴着一张纸条。A. beautiful美丽的；B. broken破碎的；C. precious珍贵的；D. blown膨胀的。根据前文“something like litter on the ground”可知，这是个破了的气球。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“亲爱的圣诞老人，”纸条上写道。A. printed印刷；B. wrote书写；C. typed打字；D. read阅读，写着。根据前文引号中“Dear Santa”等内容可知，纸条上写着这些内容。read强调的是“告示，信或段落等写着”。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年我很乖。A. nice不错的；B. difficult困难的；C. demanding要求高的；D. smart聪明的。根据前文“Four years old”和后文“I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, My Little Pony.”可知，Luna认为自己表现很不错，所以才向圣诞老人讨要礼物。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他笑了笑，开始去实现Luna的愿望。A. fulfill完成；B. spread传播；C. make制造；D. express表达。根据语境及后文“He posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas wish list on his Facebook page, asking for help ___5___ the sender.”等内容可知，Alvin要帮助Luna实现愿望。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在自己的Facebook主页上发布了一张气球和圣诞愿望清单的照片，请求帮助找到发送者的地点。A. entertaining娱乐；B. uniting联合；C. reporting报告；D. locating查找……的地点，定位。根据语境和前文“He posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas wish list on his Facebook page”可知，他在寻找发送者的地点。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，4岁的Luna的母亲Gonzalez并不知道正在进行这样的努力。A. preparation准备；B. effort努力；C. research研究；D. game游戏。根据语境可知，Luna的母亲Gonzalez并不知道有人在寻找她家的地点，根据前文“He posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas wish list on his Facebook page, asking for help ___5___ the sender.”可知，寻找她家的地点是Alvin努力要做到的事情。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：去年12月，在一个特别艰难的日子里，她想出了让Luna放飞一个气球给圣诞老人寄一封信的主意。A. temporarily暂时地；B. relatively相对地；C. particularly特别，尤其；D. naturally自然地。根据前文“It had been a hard year for her family as COVID-19 spread.”可知，这是个特别艰难的时期。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：去年12月，在一个特别艰难的日子里，她想出了让Luna放飞一个气球给圣诞老人寄一封信的主意。A. came up with想出，追赶上；B. argued about争论；C. put up with容忍；D. jumped at跳向。根据语境和后文“the idea of having Luna send a letter to Santa by releasing a balloon”可知，这是她在这种特殊情况下想出的主意。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们一起度过了一个朴素的圣诞节，然后日历就转到了新的一年。A. healthy健康的；B. green绿色的；C. modest谦虚的，朴素的；D. grand宏大的。根据前文“It had been a hard year for her family as COVID-19 spread.”可知，他们度过了一个比较朴素的圣诞节。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她瞠目结舌。A. burst爆发；B. cracked破裂；C. broke打破；D. dropped坠落。根据语境可知，Luna的母亲Gonzalez并不知道有人在寻找她家的地点，也没有希望真的会有人把Luna的愿望当回事，根据前文“Gonzalez received a call saying that someone had found Luna’s balloon”可知，这个电话让她惊掉了下巴。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她登录了Facebook，看到了Alvin的帖子。A. post帖子，在线留言板上的信息；B. letter信件；C. name姓名；D. photo照片。根据前文“She logged on to Facebook”可知，她在Facebook看到了Alvin的帖子。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：“圣诞老人不小心掉了你的气球，” Gonzalez告诉Luna，“但他的一个小精灵找到了它。” A. in time及时；B. after all毕竟；C. by accident偶然地；D. on purpose故意地。根据语境以及前文“Santa dropped your balloon”可知，妈妈的意思是“圣诞老人不小心掉了你的气球”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此后不久，Luna收到了三盒礼物，其中有一张纸条上写着“精灵Alvin”。A. candies糖果；B. gifts礼物；C. toys玩具；D. books书。根据语境以及前文“I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, My Little Pony.”以及“She called Alvin and finally agreed to let Alvin fulfill her daughter’s wish list.”可知，Alvin帮助Luna实现愿望，寄给她三件礼物。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，Gonzalez和她女儿收到了如此多的慷慨，他们打算在今年把它传递出去。A. attention注意；B. admiration钦佩；C. popularity流行；D. generosity慷慨。基于前文的分析可知，Alvin帮助Luna实现愿望，寄给她三件礼物，这样Gonzalez和她的女儿就得到了慷慨相助。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，当Alvin可以直接把气球扔进垃圾桶的时候，他却做了比那个简单动作多得多的事情。A. adopted采用，收养；B. stored储存C. thrown投掷；D. dragged拖拽。根据语境和后文“that balloon in the trash”可知，此处指Alvin本可以直接把气球扔进垃圾桶。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from ____36____ he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. However, the greatest issue he encountered was the widespread ____37____(inconsistent) in the use of drug names. Realising the importance of field research outweighed ____38____of extensive reading, in 1565 Li travelled far and wide into the mountains and wilderness. He covered what are today’s provinces of Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu, and many other places. After over a decade of field research, Li ____39____(successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. He revised ____40____ work at least three times right up until his death in 1593. Since its first publication in 1596, the book ____41____(receive) world-wide recognition. British naturalist Charles Darwin acknowledged the book ____42____ an “ancient Chinese encyclopedia.” In 2011, the book____43____(list) on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. In 2017, an international conference was held in Beijing ____44____(celebrate) Li’s 500th birthday. Today, there are a ____45____(grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book, and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic. 【答案】36. which 37. inconsistency 38. that 39. successfully 40. the 41. has received 42. as 43. was listed 44. to celebrate 45. growing 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了中国古代医学家李时珍撰写《本草纲目》的经历和该书的广泛影响。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他甚至研究了许多古代诗人的全集，从中挑选了数量惊人的关于医学的诗句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是ancient poets，在从句中作宾语，用which引导。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，他遇到的最大问题是药品名称的使用普遍不一致。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作表语，inconsistent的名词形式是inconsistency，为不可数名词。故填inconsistency。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：李意识到实地考察的重要性超过了广泛阅读的重要性，于是在1565年跋山涉水。根据句意可知，空处代指前文提到的the importance，应用that代指。故填that。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：经过十多年的实地研究，李时珍于1578年成功完成了他的杰作《本草纲目》的初稿。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填successfully。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他在1593年去世前至少修改了三次。空后的work特指上文提到的Bencao Gangmu，所以空处应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自1596年首次出版以来，这本书得到了全世界的认可。receive作本句谓语，根据标志词since可知，用现在完成时，主语是the book为第三人称单数。故填has received。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文称此书为“中国古代百科全书”。此处是固定搭配：acknowledge...as意为“承认……是……”。故填as。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：2011年，《本草纲目》被列入联合国教科文组织《世界记忆名录》。list作本句谓语，和主语the book之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据时间状语In 2011，用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数。故填was listed。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，一场国际会议在北京举行，以庆祝李时珍的500岁生日。本句已有谓语动词was held，所以celebrate用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to celebrate。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：今天，以李时珍和他的著作为中心的国际交流越来越多，世界上许多人仍然可以从这部古老的经典中找到人类发展的智慧。空处修饰空后的名词number，应用形容词作定语，growing“增加的”，形容词。故填growing。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 你校英语俱乐部拟创办校英文刊物，将召开俱乐部成员会议，商讨刊物栏目(columns)。假如你是成员李华，请你写一份会议发言稿，提议开设一个栏目。内容包括：1. 栏目名称；2.开设理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hello, my dear fellows! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Hello, my dear fellows. I’m really excited to be informed that we are going to start an English journal together, which is definitely a wonderful idea. It’s such a golden opportunity to enhance students’ English capability and appreciate the charm of the English language. As for proposals, I’d like to recommend “Students’ Voice” as a distinctive column. As studying is always students’ top priority, we students are under great pressure and lack opportunities to be listened to. Why not help students voice inner feelings and have a good mood to embrace the tough yet bright future? This column, I promise, is bound to be a precious outlet and a stepping stone to communicating fluently in English. That’s all for my advice! Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校英语俱乐部拟创办校英文刊物，将召开俱乐部成员会议，商讨刊物栏目(columns)。假如你是成员李华，请你写一份会议发言稿，提议开设一个栏目。 【详解】1.词汇积累 压力：pressure→stress 拥抱：embrace→hug 绝对：definitely→absolutely 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Why not help students voice inner feelings and have a good mood to embrace the tough yet bright future? 拓展句：It will be helpful for students to voice inner feelings and have a good mood to embrace the tough yet bright future. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m really excited to be informed that we are going to start an English journal together, which is definitely a wonderful idea. (运用了that引导宾语从句和关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] As studying is always students’ top priority, we students are under great pressure and lack opportunities to be listened to. (运用了as引导原因状语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When things went wrong, Ittleby Fein always had something nice to say. When Dad forgot about the pizza and it burned, Ittleby comforted him by saying it would still taste good. And he was right. The pizza edges were dark and crispy, but the middle wasn’t half bad. When Ittleby’s friend David got a low score on the spelling test, Ittleby said that he would do better next time. And, sure enough, David studied hard and got 100 percent the next week. When his teacher, Mr D, bumped into a bookstand in the library, Ittleby told him not to worry as Mrs Bog wouldn’t be upset. He was right. The librarian just laughed and helped pick up the books. Ittleby looked on the bright side. And everyone liked that about him. Everyone, that is, except Hazel. Hazel was the new kid in the class. On her first day, Ittleby said, “Nice to meet you, Hazel. I think you’ll like it here.” Hazel stared at him. “I doubt it.” Ittleby didn’t know what to do. He’d never met anyone like Hazel. When Mr D said they’d have recess inside because of the rain, Ittleby said, “Every cloud has a silver lining.” “A silver lining?” Hazel shook her head. “Clouds are white. Maybe gray. Where do you get this stuff?” Ittleby felt as if the wind had been knocked out of him. Outside the window, the clouds had rolled over the sun. The room felt darker. “Bad things come in threes,” said Hazel. No outdoor recess is number one. What will the second thing be? The class didn’t have to wait long to find out. Greta was carrying a tray of paints during art class. She tripped, and the paint went flying. There was blue on the floor and red and black on the walls. Hazel declared it to be the second bad thing. Ittleby didn’t know what to say. Hazel seemed so sure about the Rule of Three Bad Things. Emma came to look at Ittleby’s painting “It’s beautiful. I especially like the grassland.” She said. 注意： 1、续写词数应为150左右; 2、请按如下格式作答。 She picked it up, not realizing she had paint on her fingers. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Want to add one?” Ittleby asked Hazel. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version She picked it up, not realizing she had paint on her fingers. The fingerprint lay quietly on the painting, seeming to support Hazel’s Rule of Three Bad Things. Hazel pointed, “Ittleby’s picture is messed up! There’s number three.” Upset, Emma apologized to Ittleby with her face blushing with shame. Ittleby comforted her with a pat on the shoulder and stared at the print for a while. Suddenly, with his eyes lit up, he dipped his finger into the yellow paint and added two more prints onto the painting. Now, together with Emma’s, they looked like three colorful butterflies flying above the green grassland. “Want to add one?” Ittleby asked Hazel. Hazel thought about it. “It will be fun.” Ittleby encouraged her. “How strange!”, thought Hazel, hesitantly dipped her finger into the print. Gently pressing it onto Ittleby’s painting, she carefully added wings. “It looks great,” said Ittleby. Outside, the sky happened to clear up, casting golden bright light on the field of butterflies. Looking into each other’s eyes, Hazel and Ittleby laughed together merrily. Ittleby said to Hazel, “Forget your Rule of Three Bad Things. Although bad things happen, good things happen, too. And sometimes, there were good things hiding where they didn’t expect them.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ittleby总能说些好听的话，他看到了光明的一面，每个人都喜欢他这一点，除了Hazel。Hazel似乎对三件坏事的规则深信不疑。这天美术课Emma来看Ittleby的画，结果颜料弄到了画上，而Ittleby通过自己的智慧顺利化解了这一情况。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“她捡了起来，没有意识到手指上有颜料。”可知，第一段可描写Emma把颜料弄到画上，Hazel说这是第三件坏事。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘想再加一个吗？’Ittleby问Hazel。”可知，第二段可描写Ittleby告诉Hazel虽然坏事时有发生，但好事也会发生。有时候，好东西就藏在他们意想不到的地方。 2.续写线索：颜料毁画——印证Hazel的理论——Ittleby想到办法——邀请Hazel作画——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 思考：think about/ reflect on 和……一起：together with /along with 预料：expect /anticipate 情绪类 沮丧：upset /discouraged 小心：carefully / with caution 【点睛】[高分句型1] The fingerprint lay quietly on the painting, seeming to support Hazel’s Rule of Three Bad Things. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Although bad things happen, good things happen, too. (运用了although引导让步状语从句) 听力 1—5 BCABA 6—10 ABCAC 11—15 CBBAC 16—20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$