UNIT 6 The Media Section Ⅵ Writing Workshop to Check Your Progress(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored, non­personal message to promote or sell a product, a service or an idea.Sponsors of advertising are often businessmen who wish to promote their products or services.Advertising is different from public relations since an advertiser usually pays for and has control over the message.It is different from personal selling since the message is non­personal and not directed at a particular individual. Advertising is communicated through various mass media, including old media such as newspapers, magazines, television, radio, outdoor advertising or direct mail; or new media such as search results, blogs, websites or text messages.The actual presentation of the message in a medium is referred to as an advertisement or “ad”． Commercial ads often seek to increase consumption of products or services through “branding”， which associates a product name or image with certain qualities in the minds of consumers.Non­commercial advertisers who spend money on advertising items other than a consumer product or a service include political parties, interest groups, religious organisations and governmental agencies.Non­profit organisations may use free modes of persuasion, such as a public service announcement.Advertising may also be used to reassure employees or shareholders that the company is successful. Modern advertising was created with the innovative techniques introduced with tobacco advertising in the 1920s.The most significant example was the campaigns of Edward Bernays, considered the founder of modern Madison Avenue advertising. In 2015, the world spent an estimate of $529.43 billion on advertising.Its distribution in 2017 was 40.4% on TV, 33.3% on digital media, 9% on newspapers, 6.9% on magazines, 5.8% on outdoor activities and 4.3% on radio.Internationally, the largest “big four” advertising conglomerates are IPG, Omnicom Group, Publicis Groupe, and WPP. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广告的传播方式、类型以及全球的广告花费等情况。 1．In what way does advertising differ from public relations? A．Advertisers pay for and are in charge of the message. B．Messages advertised are non­profit. C．Advertising is communicated through various mass media. D．Advertising is used to reassure employees or shareholders. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Advertising is different from public relations since an advertiser usually pays for and has control over the message.”可知，广告与公共关系的不同之处在于广告商付费并控制信息。故选A。 2．Sponsors usually make use of some new media to promote their products, including . A．direct mail　　　　 B．television C．websites D．newspapers 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Advertising is communicated through ...or new media such as search results, blogs, websites or text messages.”可知，赞助商通常利用一些包括网站在内的新媒体来推广他们的产品。故选C。 3．Which of the following is the typical goal of commercial ads? A．Profits. B．Popularity. C．Consumers. D．Brands. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that ...promote or sell a product, a service or an idea.”以及第三段中的“Commercial ads often seek to increase consumption of products or services through ‘branding’”可推知，商业广告的目标是销售商品、追求利润。故选A。 4．What does the underlined word in the last paragraph probably refer to? A．Businessmen. B．Companies. C．Stores. D．Organisers. 解析：B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“are IPG, Omnicom Group, Publicis Groupe, and WPP”可知，在国际上，最大的四家广告公司是IPG集团、奥姆尼康集团、阳狮集团和WPP集团。故画线词义为“公司”。故选B。 B (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. To do so, I divided the book into two parts.In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter.This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter.In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high­quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use.Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文向读者介绍了一本书，该书解释了何为数字极简主义并提供了实现极简主义生活方式的方法。 5．What is the book aimed at? A．Teaching critical thinking skills. B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C．Solving philosophical problems. D．Promoting the use of a digital device. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism”、第二段中的“digital lives”和最后一段中的“a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle”可知，本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。故选B。 6．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Clear­up. B．Add­on. C．Check­in. D．Take­over. 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“step away from”可知，画线词表示“清除，清理”，A项含义与画线词含义相近。 7．What is presented in the final chapter of part one? A．Theoretical models. B．Statistical methods. C．Practical examples. D．Historical analyses. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter” “You'll hear these participants' stories”可知，第一部分的最后一章提供了真实的例子。 8．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A．Use them as needed. B．Recommend them to friends. C．Evaluate their effects. D．Identify the ideas behind them. 解析：A　推断判断题。根据最后一段中的“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances”可知，作者建议读者把这些方法当成帮助自己实现极简主义生活方式的工具，即在需要的时候使用这些方法。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating? My friend Stella is such an example.Every time we went to a restaurant she would not take a bite until all the dishes we 1 were on the table.Then she would spend five minutes in 2 the dishes in a seemingly random but in fact 3 order.Then the most important part: taking pictures.After that, she would choose one of the 4 and click in the filter app.The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no 5 to really enjoy it—it all went cold, actually Stella's real life is much less elegant.For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days. Many people care too much about others' opinions and try too hard to 6 others.They find it hard to be 7 and to accept themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their 8 life on social media.What they are trying to prove is 9 what they lack in reality.But this will not bring any 10 to reality, as they still 11 the same old pattern of life. If they really want an elegant life, they should put more 12 into achieving it 13 fabricating it.Being more confident, 14 themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than 15 their life on social media. [语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了现在一些人在社交媒体上过度美化自己的生活，作者认为这是不自信、不敢接受自己造成的。如果他们想要优雅的生活，他们应该更加努力，而不是制造假象。 1．A.ordered　　　　　 B．served C．offered D．prepared 解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我们去饭馆，直到我们点的菜都上桌了她才会开始吃。A.ordered点；B.served服务；C.offered提供；D.prepared准备。根据句意可知，此处是指作者与朋友点的菜被端上桌，故选A。 2．A.cooking B．washing C．setting D．collecting 解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A.cooking烹饪；B.washing清洗；C.setting摆；D.collecting收集。根据下文的“Then the most important part: taking pictures.”可推测，她要把菜品摆好来拍照，故选C。 3．A.messy B．arranged C．casual D．missed 解析：B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A.messy杂乱的；B.arranged布置好的；C.casual随意的；D.missed错过的。根据句意可知，此处应选择一个和random相反的词，故选B。 4．A.dishes B．restaurants C．tables D．pictures 解析：D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：之后，她会选择一张照片，然后放进滤镜APP。A.dishes菜；B.restaurants饭馆；C.tables桌子；D.pictures照片。根据上文的“taking pictures”可知此处用“照片”符合语境，picture是原词复现，故选D。 5．A.chance B．choice C．excuse D．reason 解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，食物看起来比事实上的美味10倍，但是我们没有享用的机会，因为食物已经冷了。A.chance机会；B.choice选择；C.excuse借口；D.reason原因。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为有人拍照，导致食物变凉，大家错过了享受美食的机会，故选A。 6．A.comfort B．please C．inspire D．discourage 解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人过于在乎别人的观点，并且尽全力去取悦别人。A.comfort安慰；B.please使……高兴；C.inspire启发；D.discourage使丧气。根据上文的“Many people care too much about others' opinions”可知此处用“取悦别人”符合语境，故选B。 7．A.independent B．generous C．responsible D．confident 解析：D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实的一面展现在社交媒体上。A.independent独立的；B.generous慷慨的；C.responsible负责的；D.confident自信的。根据下文“thus they are afraid to show their...life on social media”可知，他们觉得接受自己很困难，由此推测他们不自信，故选D。 8．A.real B．secret C．peaceful D．healthy 解析：A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实的一面展现在社交媒体上。A.real真正的；B.secret 秘密的；C.peaceful和平的；D.healthy健康的。根据下文“what they lack in reality”可知此处用“真实的自己”符合语境，real和reality是同根词，故选A。 9．A.rarely B．hardly C．exactly D．nearly 解析：C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们尽力想要证明的，恰好是他们在现实生活中缺乏的。A.rarely稀少地；B.hardly几乎不；C.exactly确切地，恰好；D.nearly几乎。根据下文“what they lack in reality”可知，此处是指人们在社交媒体上展示的东西，恰好是自己所缺乏的东西，故选C。 10．A.difficulty B．change C．guidance D．harm 解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A.difficulty困难；B.change改变；C.guidance向导；D.harm伤害。根据下文“as they still 11 the same old pattern of life”可知他们的现实生活并没有改变，故选B。 11．A.question B．dislike C．doubt D．follow 解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A.question质问；B.dislike不喜欢；C.doubt怀疑；D.follow遵循。根据still和下文the same可推断，此处是指他们依然按原来的方式来生活，用“遵循”符合语境，故选D。 12．A.effort B．ambitions C．feeling D．money 解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们真的想要优雅的生活，他们应该付出更多的努力来实现它而不是捏造它。A.effort努力；B.ambitions抱负；C.feeling感觉，知觉；D.money金钱。根据常识可知，想要美好的生活，就必须付出努力，故选A。 13．A.other than B．more than C．rather than D．less than 解析：C　考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果他们真的想要优雅的生活，他们应该付出更多的努力来实现它而不是捏造它。A.other than除了；B.more than超过；C.rather than而非；D.less than少于。根据句意可知，上下文是对比关系，rather than表示“而非”符合语境。故选C。 14．A.identifying B．accepting C．persuading D．amusing 解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：自信，接受自己，尽最大努力变得更好，比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活更有意义。A.identifying识别；B.accepting接受；C.persuading说服；D.amusing使高兴。根据上文的“They find it hard to be 7 and to accept themselves”可知此处用“接受”符合语境，accept是原词复现，故选B。 15．A.simplifying B．ruining C．beautifying D．worsening 解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：自信，接受自己，尽最大努力变得更好，比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活更有意义。A.simplifying简化；B.ruining摧毁；C.beautifying美化；D.worsening恶化。根据第一段的“After that, she would choose one of the 4 and click in the filter app.”可知，作者的朋友是在美化自己的生活，故此处用“美化”符合语境，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$