UNIT 4 Humour Section Ⅳ Lesson 2(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 Ⅰ.重点词汇 ◎核心单词 1．muscle n．肌肉 2．far­reaching adj.影响深远的 3．immune adj.有免疫力的 4．cell n．细胞 5．whisper vi.&vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 6．blush vi.脸红 7．expense n．费用，花费 ◎拓展单词 8．tense adj.紧张的；拉紧的 vi.&vt.拉紧，变得紧张 n．时态→tension n．紧张；焦虑；焦急 9．physical adj.身体的；肉体的→physically adv.肉体地，身体上地 10．psychology n．心理学；心理状态→psychological adj.心理的；精神的→psychologist n．心理学家，心理学者 11．mood n．情绪，语气；心境→moody adj.喜怒无常的；易怒的 12．energy n．能量；精力；活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的； 积极的；有力的→energise vt.使充满活力；使增强信心 13．infect v．感染；传染→infection n．感染；传染→infectious adj.传染的；传染性的→infected adj.受感染的 14．incorporate vt.把……并入；包含→incorporation n．公司；合并，编入；团体组织 15．accident n．事故；意外→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv.偶然地；意外地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．blood vessel 血管 2．at sb's expense 嘲笑某人 3．help ...out ... 帮助……走出困境 4．figure out 推算出 5．set up 建立 6．hold on 坚持 7．do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙 Ⅲ.句式语境 be likely to do sth We all know that if we are in a bad mood，we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings; and this makes those around us down，too. 我们都知道，如果我们心情不好，我们很可能会表达消极的态度和情绪；这也会让我们周围的人情绪低落。 [重点词汇] 1．relieve v．减轻；缓解；消除　relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的　relief n．(痛苦、忧虑等的)减轻、消除、缓和 [经典佳句]　 It was such a relief to hear that Mary was found safe and sound.(读后续写之情绪描写) 听到玛丽被找到时安然无恙， 真是如释重负。 relieve sb of sth 　帮某人减轻(负担) be relieved to do sth 做某事感到宽慰 find relief from 从……中摆脱出来 relief of/from ……的减轻/消除 in relief 如释重负；松了口气 to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是 [即学活用]　单句语法填空 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Seeing his figure disappearing (disappear) into thick evergreen forest, I felt relieved (relieve)． ②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)To their relief (relieve), with the guidance of father, they successfully made the breakfast. ③Aspirin can provide quick relief (relieve) for a headache. ④What a relief to be home safe! ⑤Running is a good way to relieve (relief) stress. 2.increase vt.& vi.(使)增长，增加　n．[C，U]增长，增加 [经典佳句]　 Food prices increased by 10% in less than a year. 不到一年，食品价格就上涨了10%。 (1)increase to...　增加到…… increase by... 增加了…… increase from...to... 从……增加到…… (2)an increase in... ……方面的增加 be on the increase 在增加 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·全国乙卷)With an increasing (increase) number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. ②The new law has come into effect, and the number of wild animals here is on the increase now. ③我们学校的学生人数已经增长到了 5 000。 The number of the students in our school has increased to 5,000. ④去年，这个城市的房屋均价下降了13%。 Average house prices in this city decreased by 13% last year. 3.energise vt.使充满活力；使增强决心 [经典佳句]　 Doing exercise every morning energises the old man. 每天早上锻炼使那位老人充满活力。 (1)energy n．精力， 能量 full of energy 精力充沛 save energy 节约能源 (2)energetic adj. 精力充沛的， 富有活力的 (3)energetically adv. 有力地， 大力地 [即学活用]　用energise的适当形式填空 ①Staying positive helps to energise us. ②I have never seen such an energetic child. ③He was a man of great energy and character. ④(2023·北京卷)I have a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early.Therefore, I can study energetically every morning, which makes me study efficiently.Also, I am very healthy. 4.draw one's attention 引起某人的注意 [经典佳句]　 Some speakers use questions from time to time to draw the audience's attention. 一些演讲者会时不时地用一些问题来吸引听众的注意。 pay attention to...　注意……(to为介词) catch/attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意 bring sth to one's attention 使某事引起某人的注意 fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on... 某人将注意力集中于…… [名师点津]　draw one's attention意为“引起某人的注意”，后可跟介词to，表示“引起某人对……的注意”。 [语境串记] Little Jenny was reading a book when a butterfly flew by and caught/drew/attracted her attention.Therefore, she couldn't fix/focus/concentrate her attention on the book any more. 小珍妮正在读书，这时一只蝴蝶飞过，引起了她的注意。因此，她无法再把注意力集中在书上了。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①On World AIDS Day, the minister of the health department demanded that the problem should be paid special attention to. ②(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. ③他敲窗户以吸引我的注意。 He knocked on the window to draw/catch/attract my attention. 5.infection n．感染；传染 [经典佳句]　 Keeping a balanced diet and taking regular exercise can help defend ourselves against infection.(应用文之倡议书) 保持均衡的饮食和经常锻炼有助于保护我们免受感染。 (1)infect vt.　　传染；使感染(疾病、某种情感等) infect...with... 把……传染给……；用……感染…… be infected with... 染上……；感染了…… (2)infectious adj.　　　感染的，传染性的；患有传染病的；有感染力的 [即学活用]　完成句子 她用她的热情感染了班里的其他人。 She infected the rest of the class with her enthusiasm. 6．whisper vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 [经典佳句]　 I cupped my hand over the phone, whispering that I meant no harm.(读后续写之动作描写) 我用手捂住电话，低声说我没有恶意。 (1)whisper sth to sb 　把某事悄悄告诉某人 (2)It is whispered that ... 有人私下里说…… (3)in a whisper＝in whispers 低语 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023－2024学年湖北联考协作体2月联考)The students seemed to expecting another boring and dull English lesson, some dropping their eyes and some whispering (whisper) in the back rows. ②Mike whispered to me that he was fed up with such bad behaviour. ③有人私下里说经理没有能力把他的工作干好。 It is whispered that the manager isn't capable of doing his job well. 7.accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地 [经典佳句]　 The traffic accident was born almost accidentally. 这场交通事故的发生几乎纯属偶然。 (1)accidental adj.　意外的； 偶然的； 附属的 (2)accident n. 事故；意外；偶然；运气 by accident 偶然地 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design? ②(2023·全国乙卷)In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides，there are victories accidentally (accident) or deliberately twisted，especially when only the victors know how to write. ③我不知不觉地学成了写圆体字，不会写女士格式的字体。 I accidentally learned to write round hand instead of ladies­hand. [重点句型] (教材原句)We all know that if we are in a bad mood，we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings; and this makes those around us down，too. 我们都知道，如果我们心情不好，我们很可能会表达消极的态度和情绪；这也会让我们周围的人情绪低落。 [句式分析]　likely常用于“Sb/Sth＋be likely to do sth”句型中，该句型常与“It＋be likely that...”互换。 Sb/Sth is likely to do...某人/某事有可能…… It is likely that... 有可能…… not likely 才不会呢(交际用语) [易混辨析]　likely/possible/probable likely 表示某事很可能发生，与probable意思相近，但主语可以是人也可以是物。常用于“It is likely that...”或“Sb/Sth be likely to do...”句型中，但不能说“It is likely for sb to do sth”。 possible 可能性相对小，作表语时，主语不能是人，常用句式为“It is possible for sb to do sth”或“It is possible that...”。 probable 带有“很可能”的意味，语气比possible强，作表语时不能用人或不定式作主语，常用句式为“It is probable that...”。 [即学活用]　一句多译 凶猛的野兽很可能藏在黑漆漆的灌木丛中，简顿时惊慌失措。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) ①It was likely that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes and Jane got into a panic.(it作形式主语；likely) ②Fierce wild beasts were likely to be hiding in the dark bushes and Jane got into a panic.(be likely to do) ③It was probable that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes and Jane got into a panic.(it作形式主语；probable) Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Can you feel the tension (紧张) in this room? 2．She lives in France but has British nationality (国籍)． 3．He had an angry mood (心情) yesterday. 4．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Scholarships (奖学金) are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. 5．I had a frightening encounter (遇到) with a poisonous snake. 6．Jane's energy (精力) had given out.Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree，weeping without control.(读后续写之情感描写) 7．This is the mark of her real genius (天才) as a designer. 8．Air，water，clothing and insects are all means of infection (传染)． 9．(2023·浙江1月卷)Followed by this procedure was a detailed introduction by our local botanist, ranging from their academic (学术的) names to medicinal value. 10．She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she spoke almost in a whisper (耳语)． Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology (psychological) research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. 2．The guests are mostly (most) her friends. 3．I didn't find the joke at all amusing (amuse)． 4．This artist's creations (create) are worth collecting. 5．(2022·浙江7月卷)So, when people do things to increase (increase) their life satisfaction, they also make themselves more effective (effect) at work. 6．She took the job purely (pure) and simply for the money. 7．Agreement on this issue is almost universal (universe)． 8．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is rarely (rare) enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left wanting more next time. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Or do you just want to be physically (physical) fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? 2．Humour has a positive psychological (psychology) effect when we are in difficulties. 3．We are energised (energy) by love if we put our energy into loving. 4．(2023·全国乙卷)What's more，indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive (expense)． 5．His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering (whisper) support. 6．Quality counts less than attitude and effort — even a stupid joke can relieve others of risk and embarrassment (embarrass)． 7．You accidentally (accidental) reveal to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner. 8．I'll call you for consultation (consult) next time I take a trip somewhere. 9．One deduction is that the infection (infect) has been present in humans for a very long time. 10．It's the age of incorporation (incorporate); have you ever thought about faithful cooperation? Ⅱ.完成句子 1．It is by no accident (绝非偶然) that indeed Tango has so many potential lovers all around the world. 2．(2023·全国甲卷)With millions of people likely to take on (可能会接受) DIY projects over the coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. 3．How clever (多聪明) you are! Could you tell me what makes you deduce that I am the author of the letter? 4．To our joy, the new scientific method has finally proved to be (证明) a success. 5．It sounds as if/though (好像) they might have made a dreadful mistake in measurement. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$