精品解析：福建省三明第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题

三明一中2024-2025学年上学期8月月考 高二英语科试卷 本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1、答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号和座位号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2、作答选择题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁；考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第I卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Which animal is in the field? A．A cow. B．A horse. C．A sheep. 2．Who got a promotion? A．Liza. B．Emily. C．Henry. 3．What did Tim dislike about his last job? A．Facing dangers on the road trips. B．Working by a very noisy garage. C．Being away from home for long. 4．Why couldn’t the man understand the woman’s aunt? A．She speaks in sign language B．She speaks with an odd accent. C．She speaks a different language. 5．What should the man’s son do according to the woman? A．Spend more time studying. B．Take pictures of his friends. C．Become a member of a club. 第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6．What happened to the boy in the basketball match? A．He injured his leg. B．He failed to score the ball. C．He left the match half way. 7．Why was the boy disappointed? A．His team lost the match. B．He performed badly in the match. C．His teammates didn’t treat him as a hero. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8．At what price was The Scream sold? A．82.5 million dollar. B．106.5 million dollars. C．119.9 million dollars. 9．What does the woman say about the paintings? A．Their commercial value always changes. B．They’ re becoming more valuable than before. C．They get much appreciation from personal collectors. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至13四个小题。 10．Where does the conversation take place probably? A．In a shop. B．On the phone. C．In an apartment. 11．What needs to be dealt with first? A．The switch. B．The fridge. C．The water heater. 12．What’s wrong with the gas water heater? A．It can’t be used. B．Its seal is broken. C．It is out of order sometimes. 13．When will the Agency send people to solve the problems? A．Next Tuesday. B．This Tuesday. C．Next Thursday. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17四个小题。 14．What does the man think his parents will buy him? A．A T- shirt. B．A pair of trainers. C．A pair of sunglasses. 15．Who went to pick up the speakers’ parents? A．Their neighbor. B．Their grandpa. C．Their grandma. 16．Which room will the man clean? A．The bedrooms. B．The bathroom. C．The living room. 17．What will the speakers have to do in the kitchen? A．Clean the floor. B．Wash the dishes. C．Fill the fridge. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18．What percentage of seniors in the UK would talk with three people a week at most? A．Over 20%. B．Just 26%. C．About 55%. 19．What were more than half of seniors afraid of? A．Leaving their homes. B．Taking early retirement. C．Parting from their children. 20．What did the survey of 2,000 British aged 16-45 show? A．One- third of them wanted to help seniors. B．30% of them felt too shy to talk with seniors. C．A minority of them worried about their elder years. 第二部分： 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Origins of Famous Brands Our lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories. Starbucks It seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world’s greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville’s Moby Dick. The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead. Google Google was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”. Nike Originally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc. The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products. 1. What is the name of the Captain Ahab’s ship? A. Moby Dick. B. Starbucks. C. Pequot. D. Herman Melville. 2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name? A. They mistook their name. B. They wanted new customers. C. The company’s original name was too long. D. The company’s search technology was improving rapidly. 3. What is the importance of the origin story of one company? A. It can change the company’s image. B. It can add myth to the company. C. It explains the development of the company to customers. D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文。文中介绍了星巴克、谷歌和耐克品牌名字的由来，并说明品牌名字的重要性。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Starbucks部分的中间“The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.”(创始人最初的是想以船长Ahab的船的名字来命名公司。但他们最终认定(船的名字)佩特不是咖啡的好名字，所以他们选择了亚哈的大副星巴克，作为名字。)由此可知，这艘船的名字叫Pequot，选项C与文意相符，故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Google”部分中的内容“when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology ”(当时该公司的创始人正在寻找一个新名字，来表示他们搜索引擎技术的快速发展。)可知，改名是因为公司的搜索引擎技术的快速发展，选项D与文意相符，故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.”（恰当的名字对于一个公司的成功是至关重要的，一个伟大故事的起源和一个伟大的产品一样重要。一个吸引人的故事起源是一个让顾客猜测、疑惑和购买公司产品的东西。）可知，一个吸引人的故事起源可以让让顾客猜测和购买公司产品。选项D符合文意，故选D项。 B Alan Mathison Turing was born in England in 1912. Like many talents who go on to great things, Turing showed his incredible intelligence from a very young age. In fact, by the time he was halfway through primary school, Turing’s teachers had already realized he was a mathematical genius. He could do complex calculating in his head even though he had never been taught about it. Fortunately, Turing was the opposite of Hawking, and he absolutely loved school. Proof of this is the extreme lengths he would go just to get to class. For example, on one occasion when there was a train strike, Turing even cycled 60 miles to attend. Now that’s devotion! However, in spite of Turing’s scholarly attitude and his obvious genius, his teachers had their concerns about his future. This is because well-known schools in Britain like the ones Turing attended regarded the Classics, such as Latin and Greek as the most important, not subjects like maths and science. Turing’s proud teachers even wrote letters to his parents asking them to convince the young man to focus more on the Classics. Imagine how different the world might be if the young Turing had listened to his teachers! Thankfully, his love for all things scientific and mathematical meant there was no chance of that. After finishing secondary school, Turing completed a degree in mathematics at King’s College Cambridge, and then obtained his PhD from Princeton University in the USA. It was during these university years that he invented the Turing Machine, which is considered by many people to be the earliest version of a computer processing unit. It sounds unbelievable that anybody could have invented something which was similar to a computer in 1936. But that just shows how far ahead of his time Alan Turing was, even when he was still a young man. 4. What can be inferred about Turing according to paragraphs 1-2? A. He maintained interest in the Classics. B. He rejected attending famous schools. C. He showed a strong desire for schooling. D. He ignored parents’ advice on course selection. 5. What does the writer think of the Turing Machine? A. He argues it’s still limited in many functions. B. He thinks it’s influential in computer history. C. He doubts if it is truly invented by a young man. D. He considers the construction of such machines impossible. 6. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To indicate the link between genius and success. B. To illustrate the invention of the Turing Machine. C. To stress the impact of teachers’ guidance on Turing’s life. D. To introduce Turing’s genius, scholarly attitude and achievement. 7. What does Turing’s story tell us? A Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. B. Ordinary people hope, while talented people create. C. Contented with little, yet wishing for more. D. Chances favor the minds that are prepared. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了英国的艾伦·马西森·图灵的天才，学术态度和成就。图灵的故事告诉我们：没有热情成就不了伟业。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Fortunately, Turing was the opposite of Hawking, and he absolutely loved school. Proof of this is the extreme lengths he would go just to get to class. For example, on one occasion when there was a train strike, Turing even cycled 60 miles to attend. Now that’s devotion!”（幸运的是，图灵和霍金截然相反，他非常热爱学校。证明这一点的证据是，他为了去上课不惜付出极大的努力。例如，有一次火车罢工，图灵甚至骑了60英里去参加。这是奉献!）推知，他表现出上学的强烈愿望。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It sounds unbelievable that anybody could have invented something which was similar to a computer in 1936. But that just shows how far ahead of his time Alan Turing was, even when he was still a young man.”（在1936年，居然有人能发明出类似于计算机的东西，这听起来令人难以置信。但这恰恰说明了艾伦·图灵在他的时代是多么的超前，甚至在他还年轻的时候）推知，作者认为这在计算机历史上很有影响力。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其根据第一段“Alan Mathison Turing was born in England in 1912. Like many talents who go on to great things, Turing showed his incredible intelligence from a very young age. ”（1912年，艾伦·马西森·图灵出生于英国。像许多有才华的人一样，图灵在很小的时候就显示出了惊人的智慧）以及第三段“However, in spite of Turing’s scholarly attitude and his obvious genius, ”（然而，尽管图灵的学术态度和他明显的天才）以及最后一段“It was during these university years that he invented the Turing Machine, which is considered by many people to be the earliest version of a computer processing unit.”（正是在大学期间，他发明了图灵机，这被许多人认为是计算机处理单元的最早版本）可知，本文写作目的是介绍图灵的天才，学术态度和成就。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Fortunately, Turing was the opposite of Hawking, and he absolutely loved school. Proof of this is the extreme lengths he would go just to get to class. For example, on one occasion when there was a train strike, Turing even cycled 60 miles to attend. Now that’s devotion!”（幸运的是，图灵和霍金截然相反，他非常热爱学校。证明这一点的证据是，他为了去上课不惜付出极大的努力。例如，有一次火车罢工，图灵甚至骑了60英里去参加。这是热爱!）以及最后一段“It sounds unbelievable that anybody could have invented something which was similar to a computer in 1936. But that just shows how far ahead of his time Alan Turing was, even when he was still a young man.”（在1936年，居然有人能发明出类似于计算机的东西，这听起来令人难以置信。但这恰恰说明了艾伦·图灵在他的时代是多么的超前，甚至在他还年轻的时候）可知，图灵的故事告诉我们：没有热情成就不了伟业。故选A。 C Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers (同龄人) into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water. In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult. In the following years, Steinberg examined why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers. In a later study, by scanning (扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults, Steinberg found the brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers. The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side. In the latest study, Steinberg’s team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information. It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers. They chose cards from four decks (牌堆): two decks had “good” cards, and two “bad” ones. Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education. “Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,” wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a professor at University College London. 8. What do the underlined words “hold water” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Make sense. B. Face doubts. C. Bring relief. D. Start debates. 9. What is the reason behind teens’ dangerous behavior? A. Inability to tell right from wrong. B. A sense of satisfaction. C Eagerness to follow their friends. D. Lack of social experience. 10. How does risk-taking affect teens in the latest study? A. It starts fights between them. B. It inspires them to question. C. It weakens their independence. D. It helps them to learn better. 11. What would Blakemore suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Conduct group discussion. B. Improve time management. C. Encourage personal opinions. D. Develop decision-making skills. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年与同龄人在一起时更容易冒险的原因，并通过实验表明同龄人的影响也会促使青少年在学习方面取得更好的表现，专家建议利用青少年对朋友的敏感来促进教育。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water.”（青少年的父母往往不信任他们孩子的朋友，担心他们的孩子会被同龄人怂恿去做一些愚蠢甚至危险的事情。他们的担忧hold water。）和下文“In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult.”（在之前的一项研究中，心理学家劳伦斯·斯坦伯格发现，与单独驾驶或与成年人驾驶相比，与同龄乘客一起驾驶的青少年司机发生交通事故的风险更高。）可知，下文用一项研究结论来说明青少年与同龄人在一起时，做一些愚蠢甚至危险的事情，发生意外的可能性确实更高，所以“父母的担心是有道理的”，hold water与make sense意思相近，意为“有道理”。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences.”（当人们体验到一些有益的东西时，大脑的奖励系统就会被激活，比如吃到美味的食物，这会让他们感到满足。在这种情况下，青少年获得的奖励更大，这促使他们寻求更高风险的体验。）可知，青少年之所以会有危险行为，是因为他们寻求奖励，寻求满足感，所以获得满足感是青少年危险行为背后的原因。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone.”（有同伴的玩家更愿意冒险，试图找出哪些牌组可以帮助他们获胜。结果表明，与同龄人一起玩的青少年比单独玩的青少年更有探索行为，学习速度更快，在任务中表现更好。）可知，在最新的研究中，有同伴的玩家更愿意冒险，而这种冒险可以帮助青少年学得更快，表现更好。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education.”（现在，一些专家建议，我们应该利用青少年对朋友在场的敏锐感知来改善教育。）和Blakemore的话“Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,”（在教育背景下，冒险是一项重要的技能，它能够促进进步和创造力的发展。）可推知，Blakemore会建议教师在课堂上进行小组讨论等活动，利用青少年对朋友在场的敏锐感知来提高他们的冒险精神和创造力。故选A项。 D Honey bees are important to our survival as humans. The majority of fruit and vegetables we eat would no longer exist without them. The honey bee population is threatened by a large number of dangers, most of which can be prevented with the help of humans. Being an officer in Environmental Club here at Freedom, I believe this is a very important topic that we want to educate students about. Bees are threatened by large- scale monoculture (单一耕作) agriculture and pesticides that are used on these crops. For the most part, large companies which grow the same kind of crops in large fields are to blame for the widespread use of pesticides and the planting of monoculture crops. It is believed that the use of pesticides makes bee families more easily be affected by infection and sickness, which is hurting their numbers. The belief is that in this weakened state bees become easily affected by mites and fungi (small living things that cause infectious diseases). Then Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) appears. It occurs when the majority of worker bees in a honey bee family disappear. This is a terrible result for the bee family. Another potential cause of CCD is malnutrition (营养不良). Monoculture fields contribute to the malnutrition of bees because a single crop does not provide enough nutrients for a family of bees. Honey bees require a variety of plants to choose from in order to stay healthy and productive. Numerous factors are contributing to the worldwide loss of honey bees. Environmental Club is trying to bring light to this difficult situation that we are facing and we’ re trying to educate students on the topic. The declining bee population is a very pressing issue for all of us, but I find myself realizing that comes along with serious problems. However, many of my generation haven’t been aware of that. We have to work on finding solutions to this and support for more reasonable consumption and production of products that affect bees. 12. What’s the current situation of honey bees? A. Their varieties have decreased a lot. B. They are ignored by students C. They are losing their habitats. D. Their lives are put at risk. 13. What would happen to honey bees after they get pesticides? A. They would be infected with diseases easily. B. They would suffer CCD quickly. C. They would attract mites easily. D. They would die in a moment. 14. Why are monoculture field s harmful to honeybees? A. They are unable to provide enough crops. B. They fail to offer them balanced nutrition. C. They fail to give them a good natural environment. D. They are unable to feed bees with their favorite crops. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Save the bees. B. Say no to pesticides. C. Support bee products. D. Avoid monoculture agriculture. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。蜜蜂对人类生存至关重要,它们对多数水果和蔬菜的授粉不可或缺。然而,蜜蜂正面临多种威胁,其中很多可以通过人类干预来预防。作为自由高中环境俱乐部的成员,作者认为这是一个重要的议题,需要教育学生了解。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The honey bee population is threatened by a large number of dangers, most of which can be prevented with the help of humans. (蜜蜂种群受到许多危险的威胁,其中大多数可以通过人类的帮助来预防。)”可知蜜蜂的生命处于危险之中。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“It is believed that the use of pesticides makes bee families more easily be affected by infection and sickness, which is hurting their numbers. (人们认为,杀虫剂的使用使蜜蜂家族更容易受到感染和疾病的影响,这损害了它们的数量。)”可知蜜蜂遇到杀虫剂后很容易感染疾病。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Monoculture fields contribute to the malnutrition of bees because a single crop does not provide enough nutrients for a family of bees. (单一栽培的田地会导致蜜蜂营养不良,因为一种作物不能为一个蜜蜂家庭提供足够的营养。)”可知单一栽培对蜜蜂不利，因为它们没有给蜜蜂提供均衡的营养。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。阅读全文特别是第一段内容的“Honey bees are important to our survival as humans. The majority of fruit and vegetables we eat would no longer exist without them. The honey bee population is threatened by a large number of dangers, most of which can be prevented with the help of humans.( 蜜蜂对我们人类的生存至关重要。没有它们，我们吃的大多数水果和蔬菜将不复存在。蜜蜂种群受到许多危险的威胁，其中大多数可以通过人类的帮助来预防。)”可知本文主要讲述了蜜蜂对人类生存至关重要,它们对多数水果和蔬菜的授粉不可或缺。然而,蜜蜂正面临多种威胁,其中很多可以通过人类干预来预防。所以A项“，Save the bees.拯救蜜蜂”为最佳标题。故选A。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 The days when art was an Olympic sport Did you know that creating works of art used to be an Olympic competition? ___16___ In the first year, Walter Winans became the first and the only Olympian to win medals for both art and sports. Despite this seemingly optimistic start, the idea of the arts being included in the Olympic Games soon met with disinterest, finally resulting in the removal of the art competition from the Olympic Games. ___17___ The idea to include art in the Olympics came from Baron Pierre de Coubertin, who was the founder of the International Olympic Committee, which created the modern Olympics. Coubertin believed that the arts and sports were linked and was impressed by anyone who had a firm command of both a sport and an artistic discipline(项目). Why aren’t the arts included in the Olympics today? For starters, only amateurs were allowed to compete in the arts part of the Olympics. ___18___ Having artists of average quality competing while only the most competent athletes were allowed to compete created a dramatic divide and gave the impression that the arts were not as important as sports. Secondly, works of art created had to have sports as the subject matter. ___19___ Limiting the subjects also contributed to making the arts part of the Olympic Games boring to the general public. Finally, one of the biggest reasons was that the arts are subjective. Sports can be judged by time and distance, making it easy to determine who is the winner. ___20___ This difficulty in judging a definite winner resulted in the arts part becoming a non-competitive exhibition that ran for the duration of the Olympic Games. A. Why was art made an Olympic discipline? B. What is a discipline in the Olympic Games? C. This rule made the objects produced seem really boring. D. The arts, on the other hand, are not quite so easy to judge E. However, the arts part of the Olympics Games was soon abandoned F. This means that many famous artists were banned from participating. G. For 36 years, from 1912 to 1948, artists participated in the Olympic Games. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. F 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了创作艺术作品是奥林匹克运动的项目的相关历史以及阐述了为什么今天的奥运会不包括艺术项目的原因。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Did you know that creating works of art used to be an Olympic competition?(你知道创作艺术作品曾经是一项奥林匹克竞赛吗？)”可知，此处指出创作艺术作品曾经是奥林匹克竞赛的项目。G选项“For 36 years, from 1912 to 1948, artists participated in the Olympic Games.(从1912年到1948年的36年间，艺术家们参加了奥运会。)”中指出艺术家们参加奥运会。artists与前文的creating works of art相呼应。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据后文“Coubertin believed that the arts and sports were linked and was impressed by anyone who had a firm command of both a sport and an artistic discipline(项目).( Coubertin相信艺术和体育是联系在一起的，他对任何既精通体育又精通艺术的人都印象深刻。)”回答了为什么艺术会成为奥运项目。A选项“Why was art made an Olympic discipline?( 为什么艺术会成为奥运项目?)”符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据前文“For starters, only amateurs were allowed to compete in the arts part of the Olympics .(首先，只有业余选手才被允许参加奥运会艺术部分的比赛。)”可知，只有业余选手才被允许参加奥运会。后文应该提到该项规定造成的影响。F选项“This means that many famous artists were banned from participating.(这意味着许多著名艺术家被禁止参加。)”指出，由于只有业余选手才被允许参加奥运会，这意味着许多著名艺术家被禁止参加。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Secondly, works of art created had to have sports as the subject matter. (其次，创作的艺术作品必须以体育为题材。)”指出，创作艺术作品必须要以体育为题材，由此该项规则对作品进行了限制。C选项“This rule made the objects produced seem really boring.(这个规则让制作出来的作品看起来很无聊。)”承接前文，指出前文限定规则后导致作品看起来无聊，符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Finally, one of the biggest reasons was that the arts are subjective. (最后，最大的原因之一是艺术是主观的。)”可知，由于艺术是主观的，所以很难去判定。以及“Sports can be judged by time and distance, making it easy to determine who is the winner. (运动可以用时间和距离来评判，因此很容易决定谁是赢家。)”可知，后文应该与此形成对应。D选项“The arts, on the other hand, are not quite so easy to judge.(另一方面，艺术就不那么容易判断了。)”与段首呼应的同时，与前文形成对应，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分： 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was a child, my family went to the beach often. However, we ____21____ played in the sand or swam in the ocean. Nature was to be ____22____ far away, with the car windscreen in between. We would wave to the sea from our ____23____, watch the sunset and drive home. My parents were ____24____ in crowded and polluted cities. Their upbringing made them think maybe it was ____25____ for kids to stay inside. Without knowing it, I was ____26____ by their attitudes. It was my own children who led me to another ____27____. They liked observing earthworms and jumping in mud. Their such ____28____ about the natural world allowed me to see it in a ____29____ way. On beach trips, I found myself _____30_____ to dig into the sand with them and _____31_____ its cool graininess (颗粒感) as they buried me in it. Last summer, my love for _____32_____ led to us buying a house in a farming town near a mountain. It’s something I wouldn’t have _____33_____ as a city girl. I’ve found a deeper connection to nature and I’m grateful for it. There are miles of tracks around us that I _____34_____ every day. I walk through snow, mud and rain, _____35_____ my boots — which I bring straight into the house. 21. A. still B. never C. always D. sometimes 22. A. transformed B. evaluated C. appreciated D. greeted 23. A. vehicle B. tent C. house D. hotel 24. A. hired B. raised C. involved D. trapped 25. A. warmer B. happier C. funnier D. safer 26. A. influenced B. confused C. bothered D. reminded 27. A. career B. future C. finding D. path 28. A. concern B. doubt C. curiosity D. knowledge 29. A. systematic B. standard C. general D. different 30. A. hesitant B. astonished C. anxious D. disappointed 31. A. shared B. enjoyed C. interpreted D. showed 32. A. shore B. sand C. farming D. nature 33. A. achieved B. imagined C. supported D. acknowledged 34. A. explore B. notice C. measure D. preserve 35. A. washing B. cooling C. dirtying D. polishing 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在父母的影响下，作者小时候总是远距离欣赏大自然的美，后来在孩子们的影响下，她的态度发生了改变，开始近距离接触大自然，并逐渐爱上了大自然。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们从未在沙滩上玩耍，也从未在海里游泳。A. still仍然；B. never从不；C. always总是；D. sometimes有时。根据下文“Nature was to be ___2__ far away, with the car windscreen in between.”可知，他们从未在沙滩上玩耍，也从未在海里游泳，只是在远处欣赏。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大自然在远处被欣赏，汽车挡风玻璃就在中间。A. transformed使改变；B. evaluated评估；C. appreciated欣赏；D. greeted打招呼。根据句中“with the car windscreen in between.”可知，他们只是在远处欣赏大自然。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们会从车上向大海挥手，看日落，然后开车回家。A. vehicle车辆；B. tent帐篷；C. house房子；D. hotel旅馆。根据上文“with the car windscreen in between.”可知，他们会从车上向大海挥手。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母在拥挤和污染的城市长大。A. hired租用；B. raised抚养；C. involved包含；D. trapped使陷入困境。根据下文“Their upbringing made them think maybe it was _____ for kids to stay inside.”可知，他们的成长经历让他们认为，也许孩子待在车里更安全，由此可知，父母是在城市长大的，所以才会认为孩子待在车里更安全。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的成长经历让他们认为，也许孩子待在车里更安全。A. warmer更温暖的；B. happier更快乐的；C. funnier更有趣的；D. safer更安全的。根据上文“My parents were ___4__ in crowded and polluted cities.”可知，他们认为孩子待在车里更安全，所以才会让孩子在车里欣赏大海。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在不知情的情况下，我被他们的态度所影响。A. influenced影响；B. confused使迷惑；C. bothered打扰；D. reminded提醒。根据句中“their attitudes”可知，作者受到了父母态度的影响，使她也不愿意与大自然亲密接触。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我自己的孩子把我带到了另一条道路上。A. career职业；B. future未来；C. finding调查发现；D. path道路。根据下文“They liked observing earthworms and jumping in mud.”可知，孩子们喜欢与大海亲密接触，在他们的影响下，作者也喜欢上了与大海亲密接触，由此可知，作者的孩子把她带到了另一条道路上。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对自然世界的好奇心让我以不同的方式看待它。A. concern担心；B. doubt怀疑；C. curiosity好奇心；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“They liked observing earthworms and jumping in mud.”可知，孩子们喜欢观察蚯蚓和在泥里跳跃，由此可知，他们对自然世界充满了好奇心。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们对自然世界的好奇心让我以不同的方式看待它。A. systematic系统的；B. standard标准的；C. general一般的；D. different不同的。根据上文“It was my own children who led me to another __7____.”可知，在孩子们的影响下，作者开始以不同的方式看待自然世界。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在海滩旅行中，我发现自己渴望和他们一起挖沙子，当他们把我埋在沙子里时，我享受着沙子凉爽的颗粒感。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. astonished吃惊的；C. anxious渴望的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“buying a house in a farming town near a mountain”可知，作者爱上了自然，渴望和孩子们一起挖沙子。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在海滩旅行中，我发现自己渴望和他们一起挖沙子，当他们把我埋在沙子里时，我享受着沙子凉爽的颗粒感。A. shared分享；B. enjoyed享受；C. interpreted解释，说明；D. showed展示。根据下文“buying a house in a farming town near a mountain”可知，作者爱上了自然，享受自然带给来的乐趣。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，我对大自然的热爱促使我们在一个靠近山的农业小镇买了一栋房子。A. shore海岸；B. sand沙子；C. farming农业；D. nature大自然。根据句中“buying a house in a farming town near a mountain”可知，作者爱上了自然，对大自然的热爱促使她这样做。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我作为一个城市女孩所无法想象的。A. achieved达到；B. imagined想象；C. supported支持；D. acknowledged承认。根据句中“buying a house in a farming town near a mountain”推知，作为一个城市女孩，作者没想象过会在这里买房子。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们周围有好几英里长的小路，我每天都在探索。A. explore探索；B. notice注意；C. measure测量；D. preserve保护。根据下文“I walk through snow, mud and rain”可知，作者在探索周围的小路。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我穿过雪、泥和雨，弄脏了我的靴子——我把它直接带进了房子。A. washing洗；B. cooling冷却；C. dirtying弄脏；D. polishing磨光。根据句中“I walk through snow, mud and rain”可知，作者弄脏了自己的靴子。故选C项。 第II卷 第三部分：语言运用 第一节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Stress: Good or Bad? Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed. In recent years, stress ____36____ (regard) as a cause of ___37___ wide range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress that does you harm. It is time that you should consider that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are ___38___, the better your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though, further stress will only lead to exhaustion, ___39___ (ill)and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself a number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of you, and yet find ___40___impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or ___41___ (annoy) with people ____42____ (talk) over unimportant things? ... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better control your stress, as you ____43____ (probable) are under more stress than is good for you. To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart, ____44____ shows how much stress is involved in _____45_____ (variety) events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely to get ill. 【答案】36. has been regarded 37. a 38. under 39. illness 40. it 41. annoyed 42. talking 43. probably 44. which 45. various 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们压力成为了我们生活中常见的一个词汇，一定范围内的压力能促进我们的工作，但一旦压力过大，就会给我们的生活带来很多负面影响。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：近年来，压力被认为是导致从高血压到精神疾病等一系列医学问题的原因。空处应填谓语动词，时间状语In recent years与现在完成时连用，句子主语stress为不可数名词且与动词regard之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been regarded。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：近年来，压力被认为是导致从高血压到精神疾病等一系列医学问题的原因。a wide range of“一系列的”，固定搭配。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：在一定程度上，你承受的压力越大，你的表现就越好。be under stress“处于压力之下”，固定搭配，stress作为先行词提前，you are under为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词stress。故填under。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，超过一定程度，进一步的压力只会导致疲惫、疾病，最终崩溃。由句意及空前的further stress will only lead to exhaustion可知应填名词形式illness，作宾语，与exhaustion并列。故填illness。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：比如，你是否觉得别人对你的期望太高了，却又无法拒绝？由句意此处应填代词it，作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式to say no。故填it。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你是否发现自己对谈论不重要的事情的人感到不耐烦或恼火？由句意及空前的Do you find yourself getting impatient or可知应填形容词形式annoyed，作表语，与impatient并列。故填annoyed。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你是否发现自己对谈论不重要的事情的人感到不耐烦或恼火？空处应填非谓语动词，people与talk之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作后置定语。故填talking。 43题详解】 考查副词。句意：如果所有这些问题的答案都是肯定的，你最好控制你的压力，因为你可能承受的压力比对你有益的要大。由句意此处应填副词形式probably，作状语。故填probably。 【44题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：医生们制作了一张图表，显示了各种事件所涉及的压力。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a chart，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：医生们制作了一张图表，显示了各种事件所涉及的压力。由句意及空后的名词events可知应填形容词形式various，作定语，修饰名词events。故填various。 第四部分： 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 英汉互译 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10 分） 46. They tested 380 ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.(英译汉) 【答案】他们测试了380种有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。 【解析】 【详解】考查英译汉。主语为they“他们”；tested 380 ancient Chinese medical treatments表示“测试了380种古代中医疗法”，后跟that引导的定语从句，showed promise in the fight against malaria表示“有望战胜疟疾”。故翻译为：他们测试了380种有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。 47. Einstein passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. （英译汉） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】爱因斯坦与世长辞，全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和短语。Einstein passed away表示“爱因斯坦与世长辞”；the whole world表示“全世界”；mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist表示“哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落”，句子时态为一般过去时。故翻译为：爱因斯坦与世长辞，全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。 48. Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well. （英译汉） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】智能马桶也会持续记录你的健康状况。 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。smart toilets译为“智能马桶”，时态为将来进行时，keep track of译为“跟踪”，constant译为“持续的”，your healt译为“你的健康状况”，as well译为“也”，故翻译为：智能马桶也会持续记录你的健康状况。 49. 他们的项目陷入了僵局。然而，屠呦呦并不认输。(汉译英) 【答案】Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。第一句主语为Their project；表示“陷入僵局”短语为get stuck，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时；表示“然而”应用副词however，主语为Tu Youyou；表示“认输”翻译为acknowledge defeat，此处为否定陈述句，would后跟动词原形。故翻译为Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 50. 从这个意义上说，明日之家已经是今日之家。(汉译英) 【答案】In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“从这个意义上说”短语为in this sense；主语“明日之家”翻译为the home of tomorrow；为主系表结构，表示“已经是今日之家”应用be already the home of today。陈述客观事实为一般现在时，主语home是单数，谓语动词用单数。故翻译为In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. 第二节 书面表达（满分15分） 51. 假定你是青年学者李华，获悉(穿越回2015年)屠呦呦刚刚获得了本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。请你给这位伟大的科学家写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示祝贺(钦佩); 2. 陈述理由(感悟)。 注意： 1. 词数100左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 可能用到的词汇：malaria 疟疾;artemisinin 青蒿素 Dear Miss Tu, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Miss Tu, Upon hearing that you have been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, I’m writing to extend my warm congratulations and sincere honour to you. You deserve the honour! Thanks to your discovery of artemisinin, hundreds of thousands of lives have been saved and health of millions of people improved. Without doubt, your success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine and help promote its spread around the world. Personally, I admire your dedication, initiative and team work, from which our younger generation can learn a lot. Your contribution has made a big difference to the world. Congratulate you again on your achievement! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是青年学者李华，获悉(穿越回2015年)屠呦呦刚刚获得了本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。请你给这位伟大的科学家写一封邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 由于：thanks to→due to 毫无疑问：without doubt→undoubtedly 传统的：traditional→conventional 产生影响：make a big difference to→have an effect on 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Without doubt, your success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine and help promote its spread around the world. 拓展句：Without doubt, not only does your success prove the great value of traditional Chinese medicine, but also it can help promote traditional Chinese medicine spread around the world. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Upon hearing that you have been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, I’m writing to extend my warm congratulations and sincere honour to you. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Personally, I admire your dedication, initiative and team work, from which our younger generation can learn a lot. (运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句) 第三节 读后续写表达默写（共6小题，每小题2.5分，满分15分） 52. 当她知道考试结果时，她的眼里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】When she knew the result of the test, her eyes twinkled with joy. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和从句。因讲述的是过去的事情,主从句都用一般过去时，“当她知道考试结果时”译为when she knew the result of the test，when引导时 间状语从句，单词首字母大写，the result of the test考试结果；“她的眼里闪烁着喜悦的光芒”译为her eyes twinkled with joy，with joy充满喜悦地。 故译为When she knew the result of the test, her eyes twinkled with joy. 53. 听到这个消息，他非常生气，紧握着手，身体轻微颤抖着。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】Hearing the news, he was filled with anger, holding his hand tightly and his body trembling slightly. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。表示“听到这个消息”应用hear the news，与主语he构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语；表示“非常生气”可翻译为be filled with anger；表示“紧握着手”应用hold his hand tightly，与he构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；表示“身体轻微颤抖着”应用独立主格结构：名词+现在分词，翻译为his body trembling slightly。句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。故翻译为Hearing the news, he was filled with anger, holding his hand tightly and his body trembling slightly. 54. 当她读到那封真诚的信时，泪水流下了她的脸颊。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】Tears streamed down her cheeks as she read the heartfelt letter. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、时间状语从句和固定短语。句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。“当……时”用as引导时间状语从句，“她读到那封真诚的信”翻译为she read the heartfelt letter，“泪水流下了她的脸颊”翻译为tears streamed down her cheeks。故翻译为Tears streamed down her cheeks as she read the heartfelt letter. 55. 我太害怕了以致于我的大脑一片空白手心出汗。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】I was so scared that my mind went blank and my palms were sweating. 【解析】 【详解】考查结果状语从句，时态和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“太……以致于……”用so...that...引导的结果状语从句，“害怕”用形容词scared作表语，主语是I，be动词用was，“我的大脑”是my mind，“一片空白”是go blank，go用过去式，“手心出汗”是my palms were sweating，用and连接两个并列的句子，因此整句话翻译为“I was so scared that my mind went blank and my palms were sweating”。故答案为I was so scared that my mind went blank and my palms were sweating. 56. 当主持人宣布她获奖时，她激动得心砰砰跳。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】When the host announced that she won the prize, her heart was beating wildly with excitement. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句，时态和宾语从句。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“当主持人宣布她获奖时”用when引导的时间状语从句，“主持人”是the host，“宣布”是announce，用过去式，其后跟that引导的宾语从句，“她获奖”是she won the prize，“激动得”是with excitement，“心砰砰跳”是her heart was beating widely，因此整句话翻译为“When the host announced that she won the prize, her heart was beating wildly with excitement”。故答案为When the host announced that she won the prize, her heart was beating wildly with excitement. 57. 心里七上八下，我感到喉咙发紧。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】With butterflies in my stomach, I felt my throat tight. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和短语。句子描述过去的一般情况，应用一般过去时。“心里七上八下”使用习语with butterflies in my stomach，with复合结构在句中作状语。句子主语“我”I，“感到”用feel的过去式felt，表示“喉咙发紧”用my throat tight，tight是形容词作宾语补足语。故翻译为With butterflies in my stomach, I felt my throat tight. 1-5ABCBC 6-10ACCAB 11-15BCAAB 16-20BCAAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 三明一中2024-2025学年上学期8月月考 高二英语科试卷 本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1、答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号和座位号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2、作答选择题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁；考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第I卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Which animal is in the field? A．A cow. B．A horse. C．A sheep. 2．Who got a promotion? A．Liza. B．Emily. C．Henry. 3．What did Tim dislike about his last job? A．Facing dangers on the road trips. B．Working by a very noisy garage. C．Being away from home for long. 4．Why couldn’t the man understand the woman’s aunt? A．She speaks in sign language. B．She speaks with an odd accent. C．She speaks a different language. 5．What should the man’s son do according to the woman? A．Spend more time studying. B．Take pictures of his friends. C．Become a member of a club. 第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6．What happened to the boy in the basketball match? A．He injured his leg. B．He failed to score the ball. C．He left the match half way. 7．Why was the boy disappointed? A．His team lost the match. B．He performed badly in the match. C．His teammates didn’t treat him as a hero. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8．At what price was The Scream sold? A．82.5 million dollar. B．106.5 million dollars. C．119.9 million dollars. 9．What does the woman say about the paintings? A．Their commercial value always changes. B．They’ re becoming more valuable than before. C．They get much appreciation from personal collectors 听下面一段对话，回答第10至13四个小题。 10．Where does the conversation take place probably? A．In a shop. B．On the phone. C．In an apartment. 11．What needs to be dealt with first? A．The switch. B．The fridge. C．The water heater. 12．What’s wrong with the gas water heater? A．It can’t be used. B．Its seal is broken. C．It is out of order sometimes. 13．When will the Agency send people to solve the problems? A．Next Tuesday. B．This Tuesday. C．Next Thursday. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17四个小题。 14．What does the man think his parents will buy him? A．A T- shirt. B．A pair of trainers. C．A pair of sunglasses. 15．Who went to pick up the speakers’ parents? A．Their neighbor. B．Their grandpa. C．Their grandma. 16．Which room will the man clean? A．The bedrooms. B．The bathroom. C．The living room. 17．What will the speakers have to do in the kitchen? A．Clean the floor. B．Wash the dishes. C．Fill the fridge. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18．What percentage of seniors in the UK would talk with three people a week at most? A．Over 20%. B．Just 26%. C．About 55%. 19．What were more than half of seniors afraid of? A．Leaving their homes. B．Taking early retirement. C．Parting from their children. 20．What did the survey of 2,000 British aged 16-45 show? A．One- third of them wanted to help seniors. B．30% of them felt too shy to talk with seniors. C．A minority of them worried about their elder years. 第二部分： 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Origins of Famous Brands Our lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories. Starbucks It seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world’s greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville’s Moby Dick. The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead. Google Google was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”. Nike Originally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc. The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products. 1. What is the name of the Captain Ahab’s ship? A. Moby Dick. B. Starbucks. C. Pequot. D. Herman Melville. 2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name? A. They mistook their name. B. They wanted new customers. C. The company’s original name was too long. D. The company’s search technology was improving rapidly. 3. What is the importance of the origin story of one company? A. It can change the company’s image. B. It can add myth to the company. C. It explains the development of the company to customers. D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods. B Alan Mathison Turing was born in England in 1912. Like many talents who go on to great things, Turing showed his incredible intelligence from a very young age. In fact, by the time he was halfway through primary school, Turing’s teachers had already realized he was a mathematical genius. He could do complex calculating in his head even though he had never been taught about it. Fortunately, Turing was the opposite of Hawking, and he absolutely loved school. Proof of this is the extreme lengths he would go just to get to class. For example, on one occasion when there was a train strike, Turing even cycled 60 miles to attend. Now that’s devotion! However, in spite of Turing’s scholarly attitude and his obvious genius, his teachers had their concerns about his future. This is because well-known schools in Britain like the ones Turing attended regarded the Classics, such as Latin and Greek as the most important, not subjects like maths and science. Turing’s proud teachers even wrote letters to his parents asking them to convince the young man to focus more on the Classics. Imagine how different the world might be if the young Turing had listened to his teachers! Thankfully, his love for all things scientific and mathematical meant there was no chance of that. After finishing secondary school, Turing completed a degree in mathematics at King’s College Cambridge, and then obtained his PhD from Princeton University in the USA. It was during these university years that he invented the Turing Machine, which is considered by many people to be the earliest version of a computer processing unit. It sounds unbelievable that anybody could have invented something which was similar to a computer in 1936. But that just shows how far ahead of his time Alan Turing was, even when he was still a young man. 4. What can be inferred about Turing according to paragraphs 1-2? A. He maintained interest in the Classics. B. He rejected attending famous schools. C. He showed a strong desire for schooling. D. He ignored parents’ advice on course selection. 5. What does the writer think of the Turing Machine? A. He argues it’s still limited in many functions. B. He thinks it’s influential in computer history. C. He doubts if it is truly invented by a young man. D. He considers the construction of such machines impossible. 6. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To indicate the link between genius and success. B. To illustrate the invention of the Turing Machine. C. To stress the impact of teachers’ guidance on Turing’s life. D. To introduce Turing’s genius, scholarly attitude and achievement. 7. What does Turing’s story tell us? A. Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. B. Ordinary people hope, while talented people create. C. Contented with little, yet wishing for more. D Chances favor the minds that are prepared. C Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers (同龄人) into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water. In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult. In the following years, Steinberg examined why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers. In a later study, by scanning (扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults, Steinberg found the brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers. The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side. In the latest study, Steinberg’s team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information. It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers. They chose cards from four decks (牌堆): two decks had “good” cards, and two “bad” ones. Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education. “Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,” wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a professor at University College London. 8. What do the underlined words “hold water” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Make sense. B. Face doubts. C. Bring relief. D. Start debates. 9. What is the reason behind teens’ dangerous behavior? A. Inability to tell right from wrong. B. A sense of satisfaction. C. Eagerness to follow their friends. D. Lack of social experience. 10. How does risk-taking affect teens in the latest study? A. It starts fights between them. B. It inspires them to question. C. It weakens their independence. D. It helps them to learn better. 11. What would Blakemore suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Conduct group discussion. B. Improve time management. C. Encourage personal opinions. D. Develop decision-making skills. D Honey bees are important to our survival as humans. The majority of fruit and vegetables we eat would no longer exist without them. The honey bee population is threatened by a large number of dangers, most of which can be prevented with the help of humans. Being an officer in Environmental Club here at Freedom, I believe this is a very important topic that we want to educate students about. Bees are threatened by large- scale monoculture (单一耕作) agriculture and pesticides that are used on these crops. For the most part, large companies which grow the same kind of crops in large fields are to blame for the widespread use of pesticides and the planting of monoculture crops. It is believed that the use of pesticides makes bee families more easily be affected by infection and sickness, which is hurting their numbers. The belief is that in this weakened state bees become easily affected by mites and fungi (small living things that cause infectious diseases). Then Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) appears. It occurs when the majority of worker bees in a honey bee family disappear. This is a terrible result for the bee family. Another potential cause of CCD is malnutrition (营养不良). Monoculture fields contribute to the malnutrition of bees because a single crop does not provide enough nutrients for a family of bees. Honey bees require a variety of plants to choose from in order to stay healthy and productive. Numerous factors are contributing to the worldwide loss of honey bees. Environmental Club is trying to bring light to this difficult situation that we are facing and we’ re trying to educate students on the topic. The declining bee population is a very pressing issue for all of us, but I find myself realizing that comes along with serious problems. However, many of my generation haven’t been aware of that. We have to work on finding solutions to this and support for more reasonable consumption and production of products that affect bees. 12. What’s the current situation of honey bees? A. Their varieties have decreased a lot. B. They are ignored by students C. They are losing their habitats. D. Their lives are put at risk. 13. What would happen to honey bees after they get pesticides? A. They would be infected with diseases easily. B. They would suffer CCD quickly. C. They would attract mites easily. D. They would die in a moment. 14. Why are monoculture field s harmful to honeybees? A. They are unable to provide enough crops. B. They fail to offer them balanced nutrition. C. They fail to give them a good natural environment. D. They are unable to feed bees with their favorite crops. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Save the bees. B. Say no to pesticides. C. Support bee products. D. Avoid monoculture agriculture. 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 The days when art was an Olympic sport Did you know that creating works of art used to be an Olympic competition? ___16___ In the first year, Walter Winans became the first and the only Olympian to win medals for both art and sports. Despite this seemingly optimistic start, the idea of the arts being included in the Olympic Games soon met with disinterest, finally resulting in the removal of the art competition from the Olympic Games. ___17___ The idea to include art in the Olympics came from Baron Pierre de Coubertin, who was the founder of the International Olympic Committee, which created the modern Olympics. Coubertin believed that the arts and sports were linked and was impressed by anyone who had a firm command of both a sport and an artistic discipline(项目). Why aren’t the arts included in the Olympics today? For starters, only amateurs were allowed to compete in the arts part of the Olympics. ___18___ Having artists of average quality competing while only the most competent athletes were allowed to compete created a dramatic divide and gave the impression that the arts were not as important as sports. Secondly, works of art created had to have sports as the subject matter. ___19___ Limiting the subjects also contributed to making the arts part of the Olympic Games boring to the general public. Finally, one of the biggest reasons was that the arts are subjective. Sports can be judged by time and distance, making it easy to determine who is the winner. ___20___ This difficulty in judging a definite winner resulted in the arts part becoming a non-competitive exhibition that ran for the duration of the Olympic Games. A. Why was art made an Olympic discipline? B. What is a discipline in the Olympic Games? C. This rule made the objects produced seem really boring. D. The arts, on the other hand, are not quite so easy to judge E. However the arts part of the Olympics Games was soon abandoned F. This means that many famous artists were banned from participating. G. For 36 years, from 1912 to 1948, artists participated in the Olympic Games. 第三部分： 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was a child, my family went to the beach often. However, we ____21____ played in the sand or swam in the ocean. Nature was to be ____22____ far away, with the car windscreen in between. We would wave to the sea from our ____23____, watch the sunset and drive home. My parents were ____24____ in crowded and polluted cities. Their upbringing made them think maybe it was ____25____ for kids to stay inside. Without knowing it, I was ____26____ by their attitudes. It was my own children who led me to another ____27____. They liked observing earthworms and jumping in mud. Their such ____28____ about the natural world allowed me to see it in a ____29____ way. On beach trips, I found myself _____30_____ to dig into the sand with them and _____31_____ its cool graininess (颗粒感) as they buried me in it. Last summer, my love for _____32_____ led to us buying a house in a farming town near a mountain. It’s something I wouldn’t have _____33_____ as a city girl. I’ve found a deeper connection to nature and I’m grateful for it. There are miles of tracks around us that I _____34_____ every day. I walk through snow, mud and rain, _____35_____ my boots — which I bring straight into the house. 21. A. still B. never C. always D. sometimes 22. A. transformed B. evaluated C. appreciated D. greeted 23. A. vehicle B. tent C. house D. hotel 24. A. hired B. raised C. involved D. trapped 25. A. warmer B. happier C. funnier D. safer 26. A. influenced B. confused C. bothered D. reminded 27. A. career B. future C. finding D. path 28. A. concern B. doubt C. curiosity D. knowledge 29. A. systematic B. standard C. general D. different 30. A. hesitant B. astonished C. anxious D. disappointed 31. A. shared B. enjoyed C. interpreted D. showed 32. A. shore B. sand C. farming D. nature 33. A. achieved B. imagined C. supported D. acknowledged 34 A. explore B. notice C. measure D. preserve 35. A. washing B. cooling C. dirtying D. polishing 第II卷 第三部分：语言运用 第一节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Stress: Good or Bad? Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed. In recent years, stress ____36____ (regard) as a cause of ___37___ wide range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress that does you harm. It is time that you should consider that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are ___38___, the better your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though, further stress will only lead to exhaustion, ___39___ (ill)and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself a number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of you, and yet find ___40___impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or ___41___ (annoy) with people ____42____ (talk) over unimportant things? ... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better control your stress, as you ____43____ (probable) are under more stress than is good for you. To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart, ____44____ shows how much stress is involved in _____45_____ (variety) events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely to get ill. 第四部分： 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 英汉互译 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10 分） 46. They tested 380 ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.(英译汉) 47. Einstein passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. （英译汉） ______________________________________________________ 48. Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well. （英译汉） ______________________________________________________ 49. 他们的项目陷入了僵局。然而，屠呦呦并不认输。(汉译英) 50. 从这个意义上说，明日之家已经是今日之家。(汉译英) 第二节 书面表达（满分15分） 51. 假定你是青年学者李华，获悉(穿越回2015年)屠呦呦刚刚获得了本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。请你给这位伟大的科学家写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示祝贺(钦佩); 2. 陈述理由(感悟)。 注意： 1. 词数100左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 可能用到的词汇：malaria 疟疾;artemisinin 青蒿素 Dear Miss Tu, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第三节 读后续写表达默写（共6小题，每小题2.5分，满分15分） 52. 当她知道考试结果时，她的眼里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 53. 听到这个消息，他非常生气，紧握着手，身体轻微颤抖着。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 54. 当她读到那封真诚信时，泪水流下了她的脸颊。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 55. 我太害怕了以致于我的大脑一片空白手心出汗。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 56. 当主持人宣布她获奖时，她激动得心砰砰跳。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 57. 心里七上八下，我感到喉咙发紧。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 1-5ABCBC 6-10ACCAB 11-15BCAAB 16-20BCAAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$