Unit 8 Reading 教案 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

教 学 内 容 8B Unit 8 Reading 教 学 目 标 1 了解瑞士的环保措施，增强保护环境的意识。 2 熟练掌握并运用重点词汇、短语、句型 重 点 熟练掌握并运用重点词汇、短语、句型 难 点 如何准确运用本课时所学重点词汇、短语、句型 教学过程 1 I love Switzerland. It is a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes.开门见山法：文章一开头就交代了“我”喜欢瑞士，并交代了瑞士是个什么样的国家，说明了喜欢的原因。我们在写文章时可以用这种方法直接引出下文。 2 try to do sth.尽力做某事 eg：Try to do only one thing at a time. 尽力一次只做一件事。 1) 【辨析】 try to do sth与 try doing sth. try to do sth. “努力去做某亊”，表示努力去做某事，但实际上并不一定成功，侧重尽力，为了达到目的而努力。 I will try to finish the work in an hour. 我会尽力在一小时内完成这项工作。 try doing sth. “尝试着做某事”，指只是一种新的尝试，并没有明显的目的性。 Why don't you try doing the experiment in another way?你为什么不试试用别的方法来做这个实验呢？ 【测一测】 (1 )Try (do) it again, and you’ll finish it. (2) They try ( read) the story in English. 2)【重点】含有动词try的常见短语： try one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力去做某事; try on试穿（衣服等）； try out试验 eg：You should try your best to do it. 你应该尽你最大的努力做这件亊 【测一测】You can that dress. It looks nice. A. turn on B. get on C. try on D. put off 3 separate vt&vi 分开，隔开 eg：He separated the big eggs from the small ones. 他把大蛋和小蛋分开了。 【辨析】separate与divide 词性 含义 示例 separate “分隔”把原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来，常 和from连用。 The machine separates the grain from the husk. 机器把米和糠分开。 divide “划分”把整体分成若干部分，常和介词into连用。 The world is divided into seven continents. 世界被分成了七大洲。 【拓展】separate还可作形容词，意为“单独的；分开的”。 eg：Raw meat must be kept separate from cooked meat. 生肉和熟肉必须分开存放。 4 some...some…others…有的......有的......还有......，一些……一些……还有一些…… eg：Some dinosaurs were really small, some were in middle size, and others were really big. 有些恐龙很小，有的中等身材，还有的真很大。 【测一测】 Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming, like ball games. A. another B. others C. the other D. other 5 【高频】allow vt.允许 eg: All the students must know cheating in the exam is not allowed. 所有学生必须知道在考试中作弊是不被允许的。 【重点】allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某亊”。被动语态为:sb. be allowed to do sth.意为“某人被允许做某事"。 eg: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 青少年应该被允许选择自己的衣服。 【测一测】 Many children in Britain to have their own bank cards these days. A allow B allowed C are allowed D. were allowed 6 cut down砍伐，为“动词+副词”短语，接代词时代词应放在中间。 eg： We should do something to stop people from cutting down trees. 我们应该做点什么来阻止人们砍伐树木。 7 punish vt.处罚，惩罚 eg：Mr Li never punishes his students, does he? 李老师从来不惩罚他的学生，是吗？ punish是及物动词，过去式和过去分词都是punished 搭配:punish sb. for sth.因某事而惩罚某人 eg：The teacher punished Tom for his mistake. 那位老师因汤姆犯错惩罚了他。 【拓展】punishment.处罚，惩罚 eg：He accepted his punishment like a man. 他像男子汉一样接受了惩罚。 8 fine vt.罚款 eg：You will be fined if you don’t obey the rules. 如果你不遵守规则，你将会被罚款。 fine作“罚款”讲时，还可用作名词。 eg: You must pay a fine of Y 10 if you park your car in the wrong place. 如果你把你的汽车停错了地方，你必须付10元的罚款。 9 depend on依靠;取决于 eg：The cooking time needed depends on the size of the potatoes.所需的烹饪时间取决于土豆的大小。 1）depend on意为“取决于;依靠，依赖”。不能用于进行时态，也不可用于被动语态。后接名词、代词、动名词或从句。 eg:The development of human society depends on not only people’s scientific knowledge but also their creative spirit. 人类社会的进步不但取决于人们掌握的科学知识，还取决于他们的创新精神。 考向二:depend的两种用法 人+ depend on 意为“依靠，依赖” You can’t depend on your parents forever.你不能永远依赖你的父母。 物+ depend on 意为“取决于" Health depends on good food and exercise. 健康取决于好的食物和运动。 【测一测】完成句子 在我看来，似乎如今的孩子们更加依赖他们的父母了。 It seems to me that kids today their parents. 【励志名言】Depend on others and you always repent. 依靠別人总要后悔。 10 rich adj.富有的;丰富的 eg:He came from a rich family.他出身于富裕家庭。 rich的比较级为richer, 最高级为richest。 联想:the rich富人;the poor穷人 11 run out用完，耗尽 eg: Conditions are getting worse and supplies are running out. 情况变得更糟糕，补给快用完了。 【辨折】run out和run out of这两个短语都有“用完”的 意思,但用法不同。 词条 含义及用法 示例 run out 作不及物短语，表示 “被用完；被耗尽;”，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。 Time is running out. 没有时 间了。 run out of 是及物短语，表示主动，“（人）把东西用完(或花光）”，其主语通 常是有生命名词。 He has run out of the red ink.他把红墨水用 完了。 【测一测】 Yesterday I used up all the salt to cook dumplings. I need to buy some now.(选出可以替换画线部分的选项） A. ate up B. run out of C. ran of D. ran out of 12 difference n. 差异，不同 eg：Can you tell the differences between the two pictures? 你能看出这两幅图有什么不同吗？ difference常与between，among连用，表不 “……之间的不同”。其形容词形式为different，副词形式为 differently. eg:一Hi，guys. Where were we yesterday? 嗨，伙伴们。我们昨天（学）到哪儿了？ —We learned the differences between fact and opinion. 我们学了fact和opinion的区别。 搭配：make a difference (to sb. /sth.)(对某人/某 物）有影响，起作用 13 so that以便，为了 eg：I recorded the concert so that 1 can hear it tomorrow.我把音乐会录下来，以便我明天可以听它。 【辨析】so that，such …that …与so…that... so…that … 引导结果状语从句 so + adj. /adv. + that从句 such...that... 引导结果状语从句 such + a/an + adj. + 单数可数名词+ that从句 such + adj. +复数名词 + that从句 such + adj. +不可数名 词+ that从句 so that 既可引导目的状语从句，也可引导结果状语从句 引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便;为了”，从句中常使用can/could/ would/should等情态动词或助动词； 引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在so that前可以用逗号，意思是“因此；所以” This teacher is so kind that we all like him. 这位老师如此和蔼以至于我们都喜欢他。 He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him. 他是如此聪明的一个男孩以至于每个人都喜欢他。 You should get up early so that you won't be late for school.你应该早起以便你上学不会迟到。 【测一测】We must get up early we can catch the first bus to school. A. so that B. such that ； C. in order to D. in order ―、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. You have to be 18 years old before you are (允许）to drive a car. 2.The teacher (惩罚）her students for cheating in the exam. 3.This patient should be (隔离) from the others. 4.You will be (罚款）if you don't obey the rules. 5.How many bicycles do you (生产)every week? 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 6. (luck) , he didn't hurt himself badly. 7. James tried his (good) to solve problems in English. 8. Jack asks his cousin (join) the reading club. 9. People in Switzerland recycle many things to reduce ( pollute). 10 There are many ( different) between them. 三、单项选择 11.Project Hope has built many schools big classrooms and libraries. A. in B. of C. for D. with 12.—Can I smoke in the dining hall? —Sorry. It's not . A. promised B. realized C.allowed D. reminded 13.Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information in a short time. A. can be learned B. has been learned C. can learn D. has learned 14.It is of us to use energy the sun,wind and water. A. wise；of B. wisely；from C. wise;from D. wisely；of 15.—Susan, what are the advantages of MP5 players? —Mom, they are smaller and lighter they can be carried very easily. A. unless B. if C. until D. so that 16.一All the oil in the world will some day. 一Yeah. What shall we use for power at that time? A. give away B. put away C. run out D. set out 17.Our country is taking action to air pollution. A. cut down B. cut up C. cut out D. cut off 18.—Are you going to have a part-time job during the summer vacation? —Yes. I don’t think I should always my parents since I’ve grown up. A. fight against B. argue with C. hear from D. depend on 19.Tourists because of their impolite behavior in our country from now on. A.will punish B.will be punished C.is punishing 20.In Switzerland, things like glass and plastic into different groups and then recycled. A. separate B. separated C. are separated D. is separated 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 21.我们应该怎样处理这些旧衣服和鞋子？ What should we these old clothes and shoes? 22.首先,你应该依靠你自己。 First of all, you should yourself. 23.即使是最简单的日常活动也会对环境有影响。 Even the simplest daily activities can the environment. 24.在瑞士，垃圾被分成不同的组，然后再回收利用。 In Switzerland, the rubbish different groups and then recycled. 25.为了进一步美化校园，下个月会在学校种很多树。 Next month many trees in our school to make it more beautiful. to do; reading 答案：depend more on period 一1. allowed 2. punished 3.separated 4.fined 5.produce 二、6.Luckily 7 best 8 to join 9.pollution 10.differences 11.D点拨:考查介词的用法。句意为“希望工程修建了很多有大教室和图书馆的学校。”with意为“具有，带有”。故选D。 12.C点拨:本题用句意理解法。考查被动语态。由句意可知吸烟不被允许。 allow意为“允许”。 13.A点拨:本题用语法判定法。information“信息”和 learn“学习”之间是被动关系，答案C、D是主动语态，B时态不对，故选A。 14.C 15.D点拨:本题用句意理解法。前者问MP5的优势是什么，答语意为“妈妈，它们更小并且更轻，以至于它们很容易被携带。”so that unless除非，if如果，until直到。故选D。 16.C点拨: give away put away收起； run out:set out起程。由句意:总有一天，世界上所有的石油会被用尽。 是的。那时我们用什么作能源？”可知选C。 17.A点拨:本题用辨析法解题。题意:我们国家正在采取措施来减少空气污染。本题考查动词短语。 cut down“减少”，符合题意。 cut up cut out“剪下”； cut off切掉”。 18.D点拨:考查动词短语辨析。句意:暑假期间，你打算做一份兼职工作吗？是的。我认为，既然我已经长大，我就不应该总是依靠父母。 against argue with与……争吵； hear from收到…的来信；de pend on依靠，取决于。 19.B点拨:本题用语法判定法解题。考查被动语态。根据 from now on可知用将来时，主语 Tourists punish是被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态 will be punished. 20.C点拨:本题用语法判定法解题。考查被动语态。根据句意可知东西是被分类，用被动语态，主语是 things，是可数名词复数，故选C。 四、21. do with depend on 23. make a difference to 24. is separated into 25 will be planted 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$