Unit 4 Grammar 教案-2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

教 学 内 容 8B Unit 4 Grammar 教 学 目 标 1. 学会正确使用“疑问词+to do”的结构 2. 学会正确使用must和have to 3. 重点词汇、短语 重 点 must和have to区别 难 点 如何利用所学知识正确完成相关练习 教学过程 1 hand in 上交 eg： All of you must hand in your homework tomorrow morning. 你们所有人明天早上必须上交你们的家庭作业。 【重点】hand in为动词加副词结构，若后接代词it或them作宾语时，则放在hand in中间， 即 hand it/them in。 【测一测】明天请把作业交上来。 Please your homework tomorrow. 2 and so on等等 eg：This shop sells clothes, shoes, hats and so on. 这个商店卖衣服、鞋、帽子等等。 and so on之前的举例都是用逗号隔开的，不能用and连接。 eg：I like many sports, such as football, basketball, badminton, table tennis and so on. 我喜欢很多运动，例如像足球、篮球、羽毛 球、乒乓球等等。 We discussed everything—when to go, what to see and so on. 我们什么都商量过了一什么时候走、看什么等等。 3 on time准时 eg：We get there on time.我们准时到达那里。 【拓展】in time及时;at times有时 【测一测】Nick is never late for work. He always gets to the office . A. on time B. in time C. at times Grammar 考点1 疑问词+动词不定式 一“疑问词+动词不定式”可在句中用作宾语、主语和表语。 eg：Can you tell me how to spell the word?你能告诉我怎么拼写这个单词吗？ How to go there is a question.如何去那里是个问题。 二【重点】疑问词+动词不定式"作宾语是初中阶段的重点。在"疑问词+动词不定式”结构中，只有疑问词why不能与不定式连用。有些疑问词，其后可先接名词再接动词不定式。作宾语时，此结构常用于know, learn, see, hear, ask, tell，advise, decide, explain, find out, forget, remember, think, understand, wonder 等动词或动词短语中。也可用于sure,clear等形容词之后。 eg：The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们要做什么。 Have you found out what time to start? 你査淸楚什么时间开始了吗？ I am not sure which way to take. 我不确定走哪条路。 【测一测】 —I’ll have a ten-day holiday. But I don’t know 一How about Paris? A. what to do B. where to go C. when to go 考向三:“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以改写为该疑问词引导的从句。 eg：We do not know what to do. = We do not know what we should do.我们不知道该做什么。 考点二must和have to 一【重点】:must的用法 must为情态动词，后接动词原形。must侧重于表示说话人的主观意愿;must not语气比较强，表“禁止，不允许”。 Must I…?的否定回答用“No, you needn’t. ”，或“No，you don’t have to. ” 【测一测】From March 23rd 2013, anyone under the age of 14 go into Disney’s US parks alone. A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. mightn’t 【测一测2】 一Mom, must I take out the trash now? —No, you . You may take a rest first. A mustn’t B can’t C. shouldn’t D. don’t have to 二【重点】:have to的用法 have to"不得不"，侧重于表示客观需要；第三人称单数形式为has to。 【测一测】It’s getting dark. I go home now. A. can B. would C. have to 随堂练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1 We really don’t know what ( do)during the holiday. 2.Sandy wants to know where (ask) for advice. 3 Millie does not know how ( solve )her problems. 4.She has to (stay) at home and look after her sister. 5 You mustn't (cross) the road when the lights are red. 二、单项选择 6 —Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green? —Yes, I’m afraid we . That’s the traffic rule. A can B. may C. have to D. need 7.Students in our school know shouting is not allowed in the library. A can B. may C. must D. need 8.—Hurry,Mum! The bus is coming. 一Wait a minute,dear. You cross the street until the traffic lights are green. A must B. need C. mustn’t D. needn’t 9 Children sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous. A need B. needn't C. must D. mustn't 10 The math problem is so hard. I really don’t know . A how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it D. to what to do 三、根据要求或汉语提示完成句子 11 The teacher has told us how we should improve our speaking skills.(改为简单句） The teacher has told us how our speaking skills. 12 The girl didn’t know where she could find her mother.(改成简单句） The girl didn’t know where her mother. 13 Mr Yan wondered what he would do next.(改为简单句） Mr Yan wondered next. 14 Mr Jiang told us what we should do during the class.(改为简单句） Mr Jiang told us during the class. 15 Can you tell me where to meet tomorrow? Can you tell me tomorrow? 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 16因为我家离学校远，所以我不得不乘公交车去上学。 I go to school by bus because my home is far from the school. 17 我们计划去北京，但还没决定何时去。 We are planning to go to Beijing, but we haven’t decided 18. He wondered (到哪儿才能找到图书馆) 19. Please tell me (何时交作业）. 20我正在计划怎样度过这个假期。 1. to do 2. to ask 3. to solve 4.stay 5 cross 二、6.C点拨:本题用语法判定法和语境联想法。由上文中“我们必须等到灯变绿吗？”和下文中“那是交通规则”可知，我们必须要等到灯变为绿色。 have to“不得不”，强调客观上的要求，故选C。 7.C点拨:本题用辨析法。can可以；may也许；must必须；need需要。根据句意:我们学校的学生必须知道不允许在图书馆大喊大叫。所以选择答案C 8.C点拨:本题用语法判定法和辨析法。根据 not...until“直到……才”的用法，首先排除A和B，又根据句意:“直到交通灯变成绿色你才能通过马路。”可知语气是“禁止”，故选C。 9.D点拨:本题用句意理解法。根据后面 too dangerous可知是不准坐前面。B是“不必”，相当于don＇ t have to mustn＇＇t意为“禁止”，故选D。 10.A点拨:本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。 what to do how to do it，故A 三、11. to improve 12 to find 13. what to do 14. what to do 15. where we shall meet 四、16. have to 17 when to go 18. where to find the library 19. when to hand in the homework 20. I am planning how to spend this holiday/vacation. /I am planning how I will spend this holiday/vacation. 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$