Unit 3 Grammar 教案-2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

教 学 内 容 8B Unit3 Grammar 教 学 目 标 1. 复习一般过去时和现在完成时 2. 了解两者时态的区别 3. 重点词汇、短语 重 点 两者时态的区别 难 点 加深对现在完成时的理解 教学过程 1. dream of梦想；想象 eg: The boy dreams of becoming a pilot. 那男孩一心渴望当飞行员。 考向: dream of也可用dream about替换。 eg: We all dream about things that we would like to do and things we hope to achieve in the future. 我们都梦想过要做什么，而且也希望在将来能圆梦。 【拓展】dream也可作名词，意为“梦”，梦想。 派生词: dreamer n.梦想家 eg:It was only a dream， after all. 这不过是一场梦而已。 【一语巧记】: I dreamed a sweet dream.I dreamed of being a pilot. 我做了个很甜美的梦。我梦想自己成为一名飞行员。 【测一测1】 Guo Chuan is the first Chinese to realize the （梦想）of sailing around the world. 【测一测2】 Whenever I see the birds， I＇ll flying in the sky. A. think about B. dream of C. work on D. pick up 2. by taking an online tour通过在线旅游 by此处表示“通过……，靠……的方式”，后面接动词的-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式获得某种结果”。 eg: My cousin learns English by watching an English TV programme. 我的表妹通过看一个英文电视节目学英语。 You can improve(提高)your English reading more. A.in B. with C. by D. of Grammar 一般过去时和现在完成时都可以表示过去发生的动作，但是在具体的语境中，这两种时态有明显的区别。 考点1:一般过去时 考向:表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态，说话的侧重点在陈述过去发生的动作或状态。常与 last night yesterday， last week， some years ago， in 2000. in the past， at that time just now等时间状语连用。 eg: They visited our school last week. 他们上周参观了我们学校。 The girl bought lots of clothes on the day of Double 11 last year. 去年“双11”那一天这个女孩买了好多衣服。 【测一测1】Beijing and Zhangjiakou applying to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games in 2013. A. begin B. began C. has begun D. had begun 【测一测2】 -You look very nice in your new dress today. -Oh，really？I_____it when it was on sale. A buy B bought C have bought D will buy 考点2现在完成时 考向表示到说话时为止已经发生或完成（不一定结束）的动作或状态，强调造成的结果或对现在产生的影响。句中常有just， ever， never， before，since＋从句/时间点，for＋时间段，等状语。 eg: I have bought a new mobile phone. 我买了一部新手机。（指有新手机可用） I have been to china many times. 我去过中国很多次。（指对中国熟悉） 【测一测1】—When will you hand in your book report？ —Sorry， I＇m not sure. I ______writing it yet. A. didn＇t finish B. don＇t finish C. hadn＇t finished D. haven＇t finished 【测一测2】 -Yunnan is very beautiful.I_____there last year. -Yes，I _____there twice. A went； have gone B went； have been C have gone； went D have been； went 考点3:一般过去时与现在完成时的其他区别 考向:现在完成时强调动作的结果或对现在的影响，属于现在时的范畴；一般过去时强调动作所发生的时间，属于过去时的范畴。因此，过去时须跟过去时间连用或跟有表示过去时间的上下 文连用，而现在完成时不能与过去时间连用。 eg: I read the book two weeks ago. 我两周前读了这本书。 【测一测】 I _____to Rongjiang last year， but I never __________to Chongjiang. A.went: have； been B will go； have；been C. went； have； gone D go； have； gone 随堂练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.We (begin) to learn English three years ago. We (learn it for three years. 2.Some of Lucy’s classmates ( not be) to Hainan yet. 3.My aunt ( visit) some places of interests in America and ( eat) some local food in 2013. 4.— you ( see ) my iPad anywhere? -Yes. I (see) it on your desk a moment ago. 5. Lucy (go) to Shanghai. She (leave)this morning. 6.I ( buy) the bike two months ago.I (buy) it for two months. 7. Miss Lee ( teach) us English since she came here three years ago. 8. —Is your father at home? —No, I’m afraid he (go) out. 二、单项选择 9. Ken his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back. A. left B.leaves C. is leaving D. was leaving 10. The story of Tom Sawyer in Missouri,America, in the 19th century. A. had happened B. was happening C. has happened D. happened 11.—Excuse me,look at the sign NO PHOTOS! 一Sony, I it. A.don’t see B. didn’t see C.haven’t seen D. won’t see 12.—Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol? —Yes, I in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice. A.had stayed B. stay C. stayed D. have stayed 13.Tony football every weekend when he was young. A. plays B. played C. is playing D. has played 14.William Shakespeare for over 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A. died B. was dying C. has died D. has been dead 15.My uncle has taught in this school he was twenty years old. A. since B. for C. until D. after 16.—Where is Tom? We can't find him anywhere. —Perhaps he home. A. has gone B. is going C. went D. was going 17.—Can you find our city a lot in recent years? —Yes. The road is wider and the buildings are taller. A. has changed B. changes C. changed D. will change 18.Julie’s father to London last month. He there three times. A.went； had gone B.has gone； has been C.went ； has been D.has been； had gone 单元语法精讲 一,1.began;have learnt 2.haven't been 3.visited;ate 4.Have;seen;saw 5.has gone;left 6.bought;have had 7.has taught 8.has gone 二9.A 点拨:本题用把握语境法。 根据句子语境“他不得不把它拿回来”可知Ken过去把夹克衫忘在了体育馆,此处应该用过去时,故选A。 10.D 点拨:本题考查时态。19世纪是一个 已经过去的时间,所以这里用一般过去时。故选D。 11.B 点拨:本题用把握语境法。 根据句意二一打扰了,请看'禁止拍照'的标 牌!一一对不起,我没有看见它。"可以判断是“刚才没有看见",须用一般过去时.故选B 12.C 点拨:考查动词时态。句意:一一卡萝尔,你曾经爬过泰山吗?一一是的,去年我在泰安呆过一周,到过山顶两次。last year"去年",是一般过去时的标志,故选C. 13.B 14.D 点拨:考查现在完成时态。 句意:威廉·莎士比亚已经去世400多年了,但是如今他的著作仍然有巨大的影响。 结合语境可知用现在完成时态。die是非延续性动词,表示“距今去世多少年”要用hasbeen dead,故选 D. 15.A 点拨:考查现在完成时。since 引导的从句是现在完成时的标志。 句意为“我的叔叔自从20岁起就一直在这所学校里教学”. 16.A 点拨:本题用句意理解法。句意:一一汤姆在哪里? 我们到处都找不到他。一一或许他已经回家了。“我们到处都找不到他”就是“或许他已经回家了”的后果和影响,因此用现在完成时。故选A。 17.A 点拨:本题用题眼法。 根据问句中的in recent years 可以得知本句用现在完成时,故选A. 18.C 点拨:本题用句意理解法。 句意:上个月朱莉的爸爸去了伦敦。 他已经去过那里三次了。 前一句是一般过去时,后一句则是现在完成时,故选C。 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$