Unit2 Numbers 知识单2024-2025学年沪教牛津版八年级英语上册

U2 词汇 Vocabulary 1. a number of +pl. , the number of +pl. 各自含义及作主语谓语用单数还是复数？ a number of +pl. “很多...”, 作主语谓语用复数 the number of +pl. “…的数量”，作主语谓语用单数 2. check同义词 v. “检查”=examine v. “核实”=make sure 3. 翻译check in, check out check in (at ...) 登记 check out (of…) 结账离开 4. 很早以前 a long time ago 5. 翻译India, Indian India: n. 印度 Indian: adj. 印度的, 印度人的 n. 印度人 6. adj. “充满智慧的”, 5种表达，“愚蠢的”，4种表达 wise=clever=smart=bright=intelligent unwise, stupid, silly, foolish 7.向某人挑战 challenge sb to sth 8. 许诺某人某物，2种表达 promise sb sth= promise sth to sb 9. 许诺（某人）做某事 promise（sb）to do… 10. double英译 twice as many/much as 11. n. “数量” ，2种表达 amount =quantity 12. 大量的/少量的… a large/small amount of 13. 剩余部分 the rest of … 14. 休息一下 have/take a rest 15. instead与instead of 用法 instead: “代替；反而”, 常放在句尾, 如放在句首常用逗号隔开 instead of“代替”, of是介词 16. realize同义词 (1) v. “意识到” = know = be aware of (2) v. “实现”=achieve 17. 实现某人的梦想， realize one’s dream=achieve one’s dream= make … come true 18. 抄下来 copy down 19. adv. 正确地 correctly=properly=without mistakes U2 语法 Grammar 1. 基数词：表示数量多少，常来谈论数目、时间等。 · 1-10 1 one, 2 two, 3 three, 4 four, 5 five, 6 six, 7 seven, 8 eight, 9 nine, 10 ten · 11-19 (1) 个位数加-teen构成：14 fourteen，16 sixteen，17 seventeen，19 nineteen (2) 特殊形式：11 eleven，12 twelve， 13 thirteen， 15 fifteen， 18 eighteen · 21-99 (1) 几十: 个位数后加后缀-ty构成：60 sixty，70 seventy，90 ninety 特殊形式：20 twenty，30 thirty, 40 forty，50 fifty，80 eighty (2) 几十几: 几十和个位数间加连字符“-” eg. 27 twenty-seven 81 eighty-one · 百位数 (1) 几百:个位数+hundred eg. 100 a / one hundred 200 two hundred (2) 几百几：百位数与十位数或个位数间加and eg. 320 three hundred and twenty 502 five hundred and two 948 nine hundred and forty-eight · 千位数以上 数字从右向左数，每三位数加一个逗号“，”从右开始，第一个“，”读作 thousand（千），第二个“，”读作 million（百万）。 eg. 1,000 a / one thousand 2,000,000 two million 2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four 【注意】hundred, thousand, million前有确切数字时，不用复数形式；当表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万、数以百万计等时，则用复数形式+of eg. There are three hundred students in our school. Thousands of people took part in The Voice of China. 成千上万的人参与了《中国好声音》。 2. 序数词：表示顺序的词称为序数词。 基数词变序数词的口诀： 基变序，有规律 　 1,2,3特殊记，其余都加th (first, second, third) 8少t，9去e，千万别忘记 (eighth, ninth) 逢5逢12，ve变f (fifth, twelfth) 20到90，y要变ie (twentieth, ninetieth) 若是几十几，只变个位就可以(ninety-first) 【注意】序数词的缩写形式：由阿拉伯数字+序数词尾两个字母组成 eg. first — 1st second — 2nd third — 3rd fourth — 4th twentieth — 20th twenty-third — 23rd 3. 用法： (1) 表示时间，用基数词 eg. 2∶10 two ten 3∶30 three thirty / half past three (2) 表示百分数，用基数词 eg. 80% eighty per cent 33% thirty-three per cent (3) 表示小数，用基数词 eg. 0.24 (zero) point two four 10.75 ten point seventy-five (4) 表示电话号码，用基数词 eg. 8370 9295 eight three seven o, nine two nine five (5) 表示事物的编号，“名词+基数词”或“the+序数词+名词” eg. Room 308 308房 the fifth floor 五楼 the Fourth Lesson = Lesson Four 第四课 (6) 表示年月日，“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。 eg. 1 October, 1949 1949年10月1日 读作：the first of October, nineteen forty-nine (7) 表示年龄，用基数词。表示第几个生日，用序数词。 eg. Tom is five (years old). 汤姆五岁了。 Tomorrow is Tom’s fifth birthday. 明天是汤姆的五岁生日。 (8) 表示分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数。 eg. 1 / 5 one fifth 2/5 two-fifths 4. 数字的加减乘除 加：plus / and / add 减：minus / take / subtract 乘：multiply 除：divide 等于：is / make / equal (1) 2+3 Add 2 and 3. 2+3=5　2 plus / and 3 is / makes / equals 5． (2) 10－6 Take / Subtract 6 from 10. 10－6=4 10 minus 6 is / makes / equals 4. (3) 3×4 Multiply 3 by 4. 3×4=12 3 multiplied by 4 is / makes / equals 12. (4) 16÷4 Divide 16 by 4. 16÷4=4 16 divided by 4 is / makes / equals 4. U2 写作 Writing 【话题】描述曲线图 【写作指导】 1. 时态：一般现在时（The graph shows…） 一般过去时（The number rose/fell…in…） 2. 描述变化： 上升：rise to go up rapidly/sharply/slowly.. to rise from... to... on the rise 下降：fall to go down rapidly/sharply/slowly… to fall from...to... on the decrease 【范文】 假设你对你们学校的植树活动进行了一项调查，以下图表显示的是你们班近四年的植树数量。请根据该图表，用英语写一份调查报告，描述图表包含的各项信息。要求：80词左右，给出部分不计入总词数，可适当发挥。 1. The students in our school plant trees every spring. I made a survey about the number of trees our class planted from 2020 to 2023. The graph shows that our class planted 150 trees in 2020. The number rose to 240 in 2021. Then, it dropped to 180 in 2022. In 2023, the number rose again to 200. Our class planted a lot of trees in these four years. We will continue to plant more trees in the future. And we can live a better life. 2. The students in our school plant trees every spring. I made a survey about the number of trees our class planted from 2020 to 2023. According to the graph, our class planted 150 trees in 2020. In the following year, the number rose to 240. However, it fell to 180 in 2022. In 2023, the number rose again to 200. In a word, we planted a great number of trees in these four years. We will continue to plant as many trees as possible in the future so that we can live a better life. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$