精品解析：湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学放革联盟学校起点考试2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题

2024年秋季鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校起点考试 高二英语试卷 试卷满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How many school supplies does the boy need? A. Three. B. Four C. Five 2. Why does Mike make a stop? A. He needs to rest. B. It is the lunchtime. C. The motorcycle broke down. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The weather. D. Their favorite seasons. C. A plan for this week. 4. What is the news about San Jose? A. There is the best public transportation. B. It will take measures to ban cars. C. All Electric Buses will he replaced. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Waitress and customer. C. Mother and son. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话成独自前你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白续两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man photograph the same tree every day? A. To call up memories from the past. B. To exhibit the photos in the neighborhood. C. To show its changes through different seasons. 7. Which photo does the man like best? A. The one taken in spring. B. The one taken in summer. C. The one taken in winter. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题， 8. what does the woman Say about her new job? A. It’s very challenging. B. It’s closer in distance. C. It’s similar to her old job. 9. What will the man do tonight? A. Design commercials. B. Have dinner with the woman C. Read articles about good restaurants. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When will the machine be available? A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 11. What is the requirement for repair? A. An agreement. B. A receipt. C. Some money. 12. What kind of service is offered about the machine? A. It can be returned within 5 days. B. It can be delivered free of charge. C. It can be exchanged within 14 days. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Whore does Mr. King work now? A. At a college. B. At a wildlife park. C. At a research center. 14. How does the woman sound who n hearing about the finding? A. Surprised. B. Worried. C. Proud. 15. How do African wild dogs vote? A. By sneezing. B. By swinging tails. C. By reaching out paws. 16. When did Mr. King probably leave Botswana? A. On March 10th. B. On March 12th. C. On March 24th 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What subject do the listeners probably major in? A. English. B. History. C. Music. 18. Where will the listeners go on July 5th? A. A castle. B. A stately home. C. A museum. 19. How long is the canteen open on Fridays? A 5.5 hours. B. 4.5 hours. C. 3 hours. 20. What is Mrs Green in charge of? A. The canteen. B. The recreation center. C. The accommodation. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A New Chief Executive Wanted The Economist Educational Foundation is an independent charity that was established from inside The Economist Group in 2012. We support children from underserved backgrounds to have inspiring discussions about the news, which teach them to creatively solve problems, listen with an open mind and speak with confidence. Children who take part in our programme, Topical Talk, can make significant measurable progress compared with their peers in these essential skills, which support them to thrive at school, in employment and as citizens. They practise these skills to engage with the news, learning to form nuanced views on complex issues and constructively have their say. This is especially important at a time of misinformation and polarisation. Our founding Chief Executive, Emily Evans, has decided to move on to tackle new challenges. She will step down next summer, and we are seeking a new Chief Executive to lead the charity as it embarks on a hugely exciting next phase of global growth. Topical Talk has expanded from a UK pilot in 2013 to reaching over 200,000 children across the world today, and we have ambitious plans for the next decade. We have an extraordinary platform to support our growth ambitions: a talented, highly motivated and supportive team; a collaborative, professional, high-trust culture; and clear strategic focus. We are looking for a leader who can build on this platform and realise our potential for scale at the same time as deepening our impact, ensuring that we always stay focused on making a meaningful difference in the lives of children who are most in need of extra support. If you have experience of scaling an organization while taking a collaborative, inclusive and empowering approach to leadership, and you are keen on our mission, we would love to hear from you. The role is based in The Economist’s headquarters in London at least two days per week. Find more information, including details of how to apply, here: economist foundation. org/chiefexecutive 1. What is the aim of The Economist Educational Foundation? A To involve more citizens in an educational cause. B. To creatively solve global problems. C. To help disadvantaged children develop some core skills. D. To worldwide engage children in wiping out misinformation. 2. What is the charity’s future ambition? A. To boost its growth and influence. B. To cope with new challenges. C. To adopt an inclusive way. D. To move its base to London. 3. What key qualities are expected in the new Chief Executive? A. Being capable and bossy. B. Being modest and experienced. C. Being talented and diligent. D. Being enthusiastic and cooperative. B In 1983, Howard Blatt, an electrical engineer at MIT and a married father, collapsed in his kitchen due to a stroke (中风). This left him with a paralyzed arm and leg and severe aphasia. Aphasia does not affect intellect, so some aphasia sufferers liken it to living in a prison within their own brain; their minds work, yet they are unable to express themselves or understand spoken or written language. The condition can prevent them from speaking, reading, writing or comprehending, sometimes a combination of those, sometimes all of them. At least 2 million people in the U. S. have aphasia, commonly as a result of stroke. Describing his condition, Blatt said: “No talking — zip. Speech — zip. One incident. Changed life.” Blatt adapted to his physical disabilities but never fully recovered. Discovering aid networks for people with aphasia were a rarity in the early 1980s, he co- founded the Aphasia Community Group in 1990 with his wife and others. It’s one of the oldest and largest support groups for aphasia patients and their families, offering services like concerts, book groups, health information, and companionship. Mary Borelli, a stroke survivor, described the group as a lifesaver, providing understanding and a sense of belonging. The group helps break the isolation. Jerry Kaplan, a co-founder and Boston University speech- language pathologist, noted that newcomers often express relief at finding others who share their struggles. Thousands have attended since its founding, finding a safe, comfortable space to connect. Blatt focused on regaining function. He moved from a wheelchair to a leg brace, re-camed his driver’s license, and documented cross-country trips. He also pursued sculpting, house restorations, and created a newsletter called The Aphasia Advocate. Within the Group, he was a role model of adaptability and determination. The Aphasia Community Group, which will celebrate its 35th anniversary next year, remains one of Blatt’s enduring legacies. Kaplan emphasized Blatt’s determination, saying “Though given a tough break in midlife, with young children, at the top of his game in his profession, and his communication gifts were largely wiped out, he did not give in to this for 40-plus years. And not only did he survive; he thrived.” 4. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A The consequences of a stroke. B. The huge aphasia sufferers. C. The causes of a stroke. D. The symptoms of aphasia. 5. Why did they set up the Aphasia Community Group? A. To provides companionship for lonely people. B. To address the lack of support for aphasia sufferers. C. To work on a medical cure for aphasia. D. To answer the call of MIT. 6. According to the members, what is the significance of the Aphasia Community Group? A. It offers them financial assistance. B. It helps them regain their speech completely. C. It creates a caring community for them. D. It conducts extensive research on their conditions. 7. Which saying effectively highlights Howard Blatt’s life story? A. Turn lemons into lemonade. B. Let nature take its course. C. As you sow, so shall you reap. D. Nothing ventured, nothing gained. C What if there were no lemonade stands selling a cup for a quarter? No paychecks for parents and no allowances for kids? No library fines and no lottery jackpots? How about no tollbooths or parking meters or car payments — no cars at all for that matter, but we’ll get to that later. Imagine, too, if there were no coin tosses to decide who goes first. What would the tooth fairy leave under our pillow? If all this were true, language would be poorer as well. No one would feel like a million bucks. No one would give a penny for your thoughts. And what would be in your wallet? A toothpick, a picture, perhaps a love note, but no credit cards or cold hard cash. Instead of buying, you would have to grow or make whatever you might need. You would do a lot of physical labor in this moneyless world. Want a pair of pants? Then, raise some sheep, shear them, spin the yarn, weave the wool, and sew away. The complex process of manufacturing a car — mining coal, smelting iron, tempering steel, assembling a vehicle — makes it likely that you would have to ride a horse for transportation. You would live like a pioneer on the frontier, everyone more or less equal in the struggle to survive. To stressed-out modern Americans, this simple life may sound appealing, as it seems to create less waste and less greed. Instead of checks, people might spend time writing poems. No money means no rat race, the endless getting and spending, the pressure to keep up with neighbors and friends. In a moneyless world, families and neighbors depend on each other. And, you might have lots of brothers and sisters to share the work. Given how much time it takes to grow and make and fix things, swapping goods and services makes sense. If farmers grow wheat, millers may grind it in return for a share. Barter (物物交换) serves a local economy, but what if people want more — more comfort, more choices? What if they just want to wear something, anything, other than wool and animal skins? The desire for cloth fueled trade in the ancient world. Cotton grows only in warm climates; silkworms develop well in Asia. Traders can transport raw fibers or woven fabric from producers to consumers, but swapping does not work over long distances. Imagine pulling ham and eggs across continents. So, societies developed a portable alternative: money. Money is trust made visible. It does not matter what form it takes — bead or coin or byte in an electronic transaction. It simply represents an agreed-upon value. How did people ever live without it? 8. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By describing a futuristic society B. By imagining a life without money C. By explaining the origin of money D. By detailing the history of bartering 9. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. Society values money for its convenience. B. Money greatly enriches expressions. C. Money leads to social disorder. D. People prefer simplicity to money. 10. According to the passage, a moneyless world makes for ________. A. Equality B. Innovation C. Independence D. Competition 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the idea of a modern moneyless world? A. Carefree. B. Unclear. C. Disapproving. D. Supportive. D If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might well eat it. But what if they offered to also give you$2? You might politely decline and walk away thinking, “Something smells fishy.” In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money” as well as unusually high salaries or suspiciously cheap services because they seem“ too good to be true.” The research bridges economics and psychology to explain why financial attraction can backfire. In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent of participants ate a cookie offered freely — compared with about 20 percent of those offered $2 as well. “People typically imagine things like that someone did something disgusting to the cookie,” says study lead author Andrew J. Vonasch, a psychological scientist at University of Canterbury in New Zealand. If someone seems to violate accepted norms such as self- interest without explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom costs”: imagined consequences that reduce what Vonasch calls an offer’s “psychological value”. Factors beyond the present moment may come into play.“ Understanding that others’ noticeable overgenerosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people’s reluctance,” says Rachel McCloy, a psychologist studying decision-making at England’s University of Reading.“ The old maxim’ there’s no such thing as a free lunch’ is clearly alive and well.” Another experiment found that high scorers on measures of distrust inferred more phantom costs. The researchers also showed how to minimize the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable.“ Uncomfortable seats aren’t typically a selling point,” Vonasch says. “But telling people the seats were uncomfortable made them more willing to take them because it was sufficient clarification.” 12. What is the meaning of the underlined word backfire in the second paragraph? A. Cause a positive outcome unexpectedly. B. Have the opposite effect of the one intended. C. Improve the effectiveness of a strategy. D. Enhance the value of an offer. 13. Why is the saying “there is no such thing as a free lunch” quoted in the last but one paragraph? A. To promote generosity in society. B. To serve as a supporting argument. C. To highlight hidden costs of generous offers. D. To remind people to be cautious of free items. 14. Which case can reduce “Phantom Costs”? A. Offering more money. B. Providing additional unrelated gifts. C Discounting the price further. D. Giving a plausible explanation. 15. Which could be the best title of the text? A. Phantom Costs: Why Some Deals Seem Too Good to Be True B. Phantom Costs: What Is The Science of Financial Attraction C. Psychological Value: Why People Reject Free Money and Offer D. Psychological Value: How People interpret Overgenerosity in Deals 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分). Top tips from Life Kit on how to make your summer safer and brighter When it comes to bright ideas our Life Kit experts have a lot of them. This month, they offered timely guidance on summer safety and science-backed strategies on how to boost memory and improve sleep. ● ____16____ One study found that changing your environment in a very simple way, like getting out of your office to work in the kitchen or go for a walk, contributes to your creativity. “Now, the creativity boost that you get from simply changing your environment lasts for only about six minutes. However, those six minutes could be quite important. ____17____ ” says Tali Sharot. If you have a ton on your mind as you’ re trying to fall asleep, quiet the chatter by writing a to-do list. Write out each issue or task and a specific next step that you will take tomorrow to address it, says Allison Harvey. ____18____ “Once people get into problem-solving, that becomes arousing.” ● If the temperature is in the high 90s and you don’t have air conditioning at home, go to a cooling center. “That might be something like a community center, a public library, a coffee shop, a movie theater or a mall,” says Paul Schramm. ____19____ ● Don’t want to forget where you parked your car? Slow down and focus on what you want to remember, says neuroscientist Lisa Genova. ____20____ “The first necessary ingredient in creating a longer-lasting memory is attention. We need that input — otherwise that memory doesn’t get made.” So if you can’t find your parking spot, you probably weren’t paying attention to it in the first place. A. When people complain about having memory problems, they’re often having focus problems. B. That could be the big eureka moment. C. You should have your phone nearby in case you need to call 911. D. Electric fans are not enough — they will just move around hot air. E. If you want to protect your home and loved ones, position your gas or charcoal grill in an open environment. F. If you need a breakthrough at work, move to a different location. G. Don’t try to actually fix the problem, though. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) It’s one of those things that we don’t see coming and that make life so very interesting. The other day, I was sorting out the contents of an untidy cupboard and ____21____ the things my wife and I had accumulated over the years when I ____22____ a file folder hidden away in a back corner. Inside I found the manuscript (手稿) for a/ an ____23____ . It was written, to my ____24____ , by my father, a professional writer. I have very fond memories of my father but they are also ____25____ memories. My father died when I was just part way through my teenage years ____26____ , it has ____27____ me through my years of education, several jobs, a marriage, the births of my children and grandchildren, retirement and even a relocation right across the huge country where I live, but ____28____ I never realized it existed. Yet there it was, resting under a pile of, as it ____29____ , non-essentials destined to be recycled. If I hadn’t been paying attention, I might have thrown it out. I was truly shaken by my ____30____ . My dad’s novel now waits for me to ____31____ another book I’m in the middle of reading but it has a place on my bed- side table where I ____32____ it every day. I want to have some clear time before I have the time and focus to give it the attention it ____33____ so I haven’t even closely examined it yet. As yet I don’t know what the story line is about and I don’t even know if it is complete but I anticipate both a highly interesting and emotional ____34____ of finding out. I find it fascinating to think that this could happen; that after more than fifty years my father could ____35____ forward over the years and through the mists of time to touch his only son. 21. A. removing B. changing C. appreciating D. fixing 22. A. polished up B. came across C. concentrated on D. tripped over 23. A. play B. novel C. essay D. autobiography 24. A. satisfaction B. despair C. delight D. amazement 25. A. vivid B. bitter- sweet C. lasting D. distant 26. A. Consequently B. Accidentally C. Obviously D. Fortunately 27. A. followed B. possessed C. confused D. supported 28. A. anyhow B. anywhere C. somehow D. somewhere 29. A. came out B. turned out C. brought out D. worked out 30. A. arrival B. discovery C. analysis D. intention 31. A. finish B. reject C. publish D. select 32. A. read B. review C. see D. monitor 33. A. escapes B. draws C. arrests D. deserves 34. A. process B. pursuit C. obligation D. objective 35. A. reach B. put C. pay D. look 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 语法填空 Fireworks began in ancient China before spreading West. The thinking goes ____36____ someone living in China around the first century B. C. ____37____ (throw) a piece of bamboo on a fire and it exploded with a bang. Bamboo stalks (节) contain air pockets that can expand and blow up in extreme heat. Chinese travelers would carry bamboo on journeys in case they needed to create ____38____ loud noise to scare away wild animals. The next major development came around the ninth century, when gunpowder was invented. Chinese producers loaded up bamboo stalks with gunpowder ____39____ (create) perhaps the world’s first manufactured fireworks, and later began using paper tubes as well. These were employed to ward off evil spirits and celebrate births and weddings. By the 12th century, fireworks were being lit ____40____ entertainment purposes in China’s imperial court. Around the 14th century, primitive fireworks then made their way to Europe, ____41____ Italian artists constructed displays like theatrical sets called “machines” and set off fireworks inside them. Fireworks became far ____42____ (complex) thanks to advances in chemistry. The 19th century saw potassium chlorate (a chemical) ____43____ (use) to bring out brilliant colors in fireworks, such as red and green, and enhance their ____44____ (bright). Over the years, innovations in technology led to some curious suggestions for _____45_____ fireworks could help solve modern problems. Whalers experimented with rocket- powered harpoons (鱼叉) in the late 1800s, and inventor Gerhard Zucker attempted to use pyrotechnic rockets to deliver mail in the 1930s. Now pyrotechnic amusements have become a global phenomenon and almost the accepted way big events are celebrated. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是来自高二(9)班的李华，你被邀请在9月1日学校召开的开学典礼上给高一新生致欢迎辞。请你就此用英文写一份欢迎高一新同学的稿件。 注意： 1.100 词左右。 2. 不要透露你所在学校的信息。 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Secret of Flowers Sumiko worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. The produce from their garden was sold at the farmer’s market. This is how they made their living. Sumiko’s job was to make sure the daikon radish (白萝卜) plants were never too dry. Each day Sumiko would push her finger into the soil to test for moisture (水分), and then carefully water any plant that needed it. Sumiko often imagined the plants she tended were beautiful chrysanthemums (菊花), like Mrs. Higaki’s prize flowers. Sumiko envied (羡慕) Mrs. Higaki. If she could sell flowers like Mrs. Higaki, she would be able to buy things for her mother. But chrysanthemums were expensive to start, and Sumiko could only dream about growing them. One day, Sumiko visited Mrs. Higaki to see her flowers. Mrs. Higaki was checking her chrysanthemums when she arrived. The garden of flowers springing up excited Sumiko. “I wish I could grow beautiful chrysanthemums and win a prize at the festival like you.” “You?” Mrs. Higaki laughed. “Child, do you know what’s required to grow such flowers? The secret to growing prize chrysanthemums has been passed down to me from past generations of my family. And you?” She chuckled (轻声笑). “Stick to vegetables, child. Leave flowers to those who know the secret of flowers.” Mrs. Higaki returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Sumiko’s face. Then she pulled up what looked like a weed (杂草). “What’s that?” Sumiko asked. “A shabby (破烂的) plant. Unworthy of my time — too weak to trouble,” Mrs. Higaki said before throwing the shabby plant into the field beside the garden. Sumiko smiled. She had an idea. She politely said goodbye to Mrs. Higaki and went out the garden gate, quickly picking up the shabby plant before rushing home. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Sumiko found a quiet place and planted the shabby plant carefully. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On festival morning, Sumiko jumped with joy upon seeing her little plant flowering. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-10 ACABBCAABB 11-20ACCAA CBCBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年秋季鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校起点考试 高二英语试卷 试卷满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How many school supplies does the boy need? A. Three. B. Four C. Five 2. Why does Mike make a stop? A. He needs to rest. B. It is the lunchtime. C. The motorcycle broke down. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The weather. D. Their favorite seasons. C. A plan for this week. 4. What is the news about San Jose? A. There is the best public transportation. B. It will take measures to ban cars. C. All Electric Buses will he replaced. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Waitress and customer. C. Mother and son. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话成独自前你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白续两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man photograph the same tree every day? A. To call up memories from the past. B. To exhibit the photos in the neighborhood. C. To show its changes through different seasons. 7. Which photo does the man like best? A. The one taken in spring. B. The one taken in summer. C. The one taken in winter. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题， 8. what does the woman Say about her new job? A. It’s very challenging. B. It’s closer in distance. C. It’s similar to her old job. 9. What will the man do tonight? A Design commercials. B. Have dinner with the woman C. Read articles about good restaurants. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When will the machine be available? A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 11. What is the requirement for repair? A. An agreement. B. A receipt. C. Some money. 12. What kind of service is offered about the machine? A. It can be returned within 5 days. B. It can be delivered free of charge. C. It can be exchanged within 14 days. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Whore does Mr. King work now? A. At a college. B. At a wildlife park. C. At a research center. 14. How does the woman sound who n hearing about the finding? A. Surprised. B. Worried. C. Proud. 15. How do African wild dogs vote? A. By sneezing. B. By swinging tails. C. By reaching out paws. 16. When did Mr. King probably leave Botswana? A. On March 10th. B. On March 12th. C. On March 24th 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What subject do the listeners probably major in? A. English. B. History. C. Music. 18. Where will the listeners go on July 5th? A. A castle. B. A stately home. C. A museum. 19. How long is the canteen open on Fridays? A. 5.5 hours. B. 4.5 hours. C. 3 hours. 20. What is Mrs Green in charge of? A. The canteen. B. The recreation center. C. The accommodation. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A New Chief Executive Wanted The Economist Educational Foundation is an independent charity that was established from inside The Economist Group in 2012. We support children from underserved backgrounds to have inspiring discussions about the news, which teach them to creatively solve problems, listen with an open mind and speak with confidence. Children who take part in our programme, Topical Talk, can make significant measurable progress compared with their peers in these essential skills, which support them to thrive at school, in employment and as citizens. They practise these skills to engage with the news, learning to form nuanced views on complex issues and constructively have their say. This is especially important at a time of misinformation and polarisation. Our founding Chief Executive, Emily Evans, has decided to move on to tackle new challenges. She will step down next summer, and we are seeking a new Chief Executive to lead the charity as it embarks on a hugely exciting next phase of global growth. Topical Talk has expanded from a UK pilot in 2013 to reaching over 200,000 children across the world today, and we have ambitious plans for the next decade. We have an extraordinary platform to support our growth ambitions: a talented, highly motivated and supportive team; a collaborative, professional, high-trust culture; and clear strategic focus. We are looking for a leader who can build on this platform and realise our potential for scale at the same time as deepening our impact, ensuring that we always stay focused on making a meaningful difference in the lives of children who are most in need of extra support. If you have experience of scaling an organization while taking a collaborative, inclusive and empowering approach to leadership, and you are keen on our mission, we would love to hear from you. The role is based in The Economist’s headquarters in London at least two days per week. Find more information, including details of how to apply, here: economist foundation. org/chiefexecutive 1. What is the aim of The Economist Educational Foundation? A. To involve more citizens in an educational cause. B. To creatively solve global problems. C. To help disadvantaged children develop some core skills. D. To worldwide engage children in wiping out misinformation. 2. What is the charity’s future ambition? A. To boost its growth and influence. B. To cope with new challenges. C. To adopt an inclusive way. D. To move its base to London. 3. What key qualities are expected in the new Chief Executive? A. Being capable and bossy. B. Being modest and experienced. C. Being talented and diligent. D. Being enthusiastic and cooperative. 【答案】1 C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章是一则经济学人教育基金会招聘新行政长官的公告，说明了组织的一些情况和招聘要求。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“We support children from underserved backgrounds to have inspiring discussions about the news, which teach them to creatively solve problems, listen with an open mind and speak with confidence.(我们支持来自弱势背景的孩子们就新闻进行鼓舞人心的讨论，教会他们创造性地解决问题，以开放的心态倾听，自信地说话)”以及第二段“Children who take part in our programme, Topical Talk, can make significant measurable progress compared with their peers in these essential skills, which support them to thrive at school, in employment and as citizens.(参加我们的专题谈话项目的孩子们，在这些基本技能方面可以比他们的同龄人取得显著的可衡量的进步，这些技能支持他们在学校、就业和作为公民茁壮成长)”可知，经济学人教育基金会的目标是帮助弱势儿童发展一些核心技能。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“We are looking for a leader who can build on this platform and realise our potential for scale at the same time as deepening our impact, ensuring that we always stay focused on making a meaningful difference in the lives of children who are most in need of extra support.(我们正在寻找一位领导者，他能够在这个平台的基础上，在深化我们影响力的同时，实现我们的规模潜力，确保我们始终专注于为最需要额外支持的儿童的生活带来有意义的改变)”可知，慈善机构未来的目标是促进其发展和影响力。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If you have experience of scaling an organization while taking a collaborative, inclusive and empowering approach to leadership, and you are keen on our mission, we would love to hear from you.(如果你有组织扩张的经验，同时采取协作、包容和授权的领导方式，并且你热衷于我们的使命，我们很乐意听到你的声音)”可知，新任行政长官应热情和有合作精神。故选D。 B In 1983, Howard Blatt, an electrical engineer at MIT and a married father, collapsed in his kitchen due to a stroke (中风). This left him with a paralyzed arm and leg and severe aphasia. Aphasia does not affect intellect, so some aphasia sufferers liken it to living in a prison within their own brain; their minds work, yet they are unable to express themselves or understand spoken or written language. The condition can prevent them from speaking, reading, writing or comprehending, sometimes a combination of those, sometimes all of them. At least 2 million people in the U. S. have aphasia, commonly as a result of stroke. Describing his condition, Blatt said: “No talking — zip. Speech — zip. One incident. Changed life.” Blatt adapted to his physical disabilities but never fully recovered. Discovering aid networks for people with aphasia were a rarity in the early 1980s, he co- founded the Aphasia Community Group in 1990 with his wife and others. It’s one of the oldest and largest support groups for aphasia patients and their families, offering services like concerts, book groups, health information, and companionship. Mary Borelli, a stroke survivor, described the group as a lifesaver, providing understanding and a sense of belonging. The group helps break the isolation. Jerry Kaplan, a co-founder and Boston University speech- language pathologist, noted that newcomers often express relief at finding others who share their struggles. Thousands have attended since its founding, finding a safe, comfortable space to connect. Blatt focused on regaining function. He moved from a wheelchair to a leg brace, re-camed his driver’s license, and documented cross-country trips. He also pursued sculpting, house restorations, and created a newsletter called The Aphasia Advocate. Within the Group, he was a role model of adaptability and determination. The Aphasia Community Group, which will celebrate its 35th anniversary next year, remains one of Blatt’s enduring legacies. Kaplan emphasized Blatt’s determination, saying “Though given a tough break in midlife, with young children, at the top of his game in his profession, and his communication gifts were largely wiped out, he did not give in to this for 40-plus years. And not only did he survive; he thrived.” 4. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The consequences of a stroke. B. The huge aphasia sufferers. C. The causes of a stroke. D. The symptoms of aphasia. 5. Why did they set up the Aphasia Community Group? A. To provides companionship for lonely people. B. To address the lack of support for aphasia sufferers. C. To work on a medical cure for aphasia. D. To answer the call of MIT. 6. According to the members, what is the significance of the Aphasia Community Group? A. It offers them financial assistance. B. It helps them regain their speech completely. C. It creates a caring community for them. D. It conducts extensive research on their conditions. 7. Which saying effectively highlights Howard Blatt’s life story? A. Turn lemons into lemonade. B. Let nature take its course. C. As you sow, so shall you reap. D. Nothing ventured, nothing gained. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了霍华德•布拉特经历中风后患有严重的失语，他发现社会上缺少对失语症患者的支持组织，于是成立了失语症社区组织，帮助了许多患者。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Aphasia does not affect intellect, so some aphasia sufferers liken it to living in a prison within their own brain; their minds work, yet they are unable to express themselves or understand spoken or written language. The condition can prevent them from speaking, reading, writing or comprehending, sometimes a combination of those, sometimes all of them. At least 2 million people in the U. S. have aphasia, commonly as a result of stroke.(失语症并不影响智力，所以一些失语症患者把它比作住在自己大脑中的监狱里；他们的大脑工作，但他们无法表达自己或理解口头或书面语言。这种情况会阻止他们说、读、写或理解，有时是这些的组合，有时是全部。美国至少有200万人患有失语症，通常是由中风引起的)”可知，第二段的主要内容是失语症的症状。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Discovering aid networks for people with aphasia were a rarity in the early 1980s, he co- founded the Aphasia Community Group in 1990 with his wife and others. It’s one of the oldest and largest support groups for aphasia patients and their families, offering services like concerts, book groups, health information, and companionship.(在20世纪80年代早期，他发现对失语症患者的援助网络是罕见的，于是他在1990年与妻子和其他人共同创立了失语症社区组织。它是历史最悠久、规模最大的失语症患者及其家属支持团体之一，提供音乐会、读书小组、健康信息和陪伴等服务)”可知，他们成立失语症社区小组是为了解决失语症患者缺乏支持的问题。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Mary Borelli, a stroke survivor, described the group as a lifesaver, providing understanding and a sense of belonging. The group helps break the isolation. Jerry Kaplan, a co-founder and Boston University speech- language pathologist, noted that newcomers often express relief at finding others who share their struggles. Thousands have attended since its founding, finding a safe, comfortable space to connect.(中风幸存者玛丽·博雷利将这个团体描述为救星，提供理解和归属感。这个团体帮助打破了孤立。联合创始人、波士顿大学语言病理学家杰里·卡普兰指出，新来者通常在找到与他们有共同奋斗经历的人时表示宽慰。自成立以来，成千上万的人参加了这个活动，他们找到了一个安全、舒适的空间来交流)”可知，根据成员的说法，失语症社区小组的意义是它为他们创造了一个充满爱心的社区。故选C。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Kaplan emphasized Blatt’s determination, saying “Though given a tough break in midlife, with young children, at the top of his game in his profession, and his communication gifts were largely wiped out, he did not give in to this for 40-plus years. And not only did he survive; he thrived.”(卡普兰强调了布拉特的决心，他说：“尽管在中年时期经历了艰难的转折，有了年幼的孩子，在他的职业生涯中处于顶峰，他的沟通天赋基本上被摧毁了，但他在40多年里没有屈服于这一点。他不仅活了下来；他还茁壮成长起来。”)”结合文章主要讲述了霍华德•布拉特经历中风后患有严重的失语，于是成立了失语症社区组织，帮助了许多患者。可知，霍华德·布拉特的人生故事体现了“把柠檬变成柠檬水”即通过自身努力，转变不利条件，实现逆风翻盘的道理。故选A。 C What if there were no lemonade stands selling a cup for a quarter? No paychecks for parents and no allowances for kids? No library fines and no lottery jackpots? How about no tollbooths or parking meters or car payments — no cars at all for that matter, but we’ll get to that later. Imagine, too, if there were no coin tosses to decide who goes first. What would the tooth fairy leave under our pillow? If all this were true, language would be poorer as well. No one would feel like a million bucks. No one would give a penny for your thoughts. And what would be in your wallet? A toothpick, a picture, perhaps a love note, but no credit cards or cold hard cash. Instead of buying, you would have to grow or make whatever you might need. You would do a lot of physical labor in this moneyless world. Want a pair of pants? Then, raise some sheep, shear them, spin the yarn, weave the wool, and sew away. The complex process of manufacturing a car — mining coal, smelting iron, tempering steel, assembling a vehicle — makes it likely that you would have to ride a horse for transportation. You would live like a pioneer on the frontier, everyone more or less equal in the struggle to survive. To stressed-out modern Americans, this simple life may sound appealing, as it seems to create less waste and less greed. Instead of checks, people might spend time writing poems. No money means no rat race, the endless getting and spending, the pressure to keep up with neighbors and friends. In a moneyless world, families and neighbors depend on each other. And, you might have lots of brothers and sisters to share the work. Given how much time it takes to grow and make and fix things swapping goods and services makes sense. If farmers grow wheat, millers may grind it in return for a share. Barter (物物交换) serves a local economy, but what if people want more — more comfort, more choices? What if they just want to wear something, anything, other than wool and animal skins? The desire for cloth fueled trade in the ancient world. Cotton grows only in warm climates; silkworms develop well in Asia. Traders can transport raw fibers or woven fabric from producers to consumers, but swapping does not work over long distances. Imagine pulling ham and eggs across continents. So, societies developed a portable alternative: money. Money is trust made visible. It does not matter what form it takes — bead or coin or byte in an electronic transaction. It simply represents an agreed-upon value. How did people ever live without it? 8. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By describing a futuristic society B. By imagining a life without money C. By explaining the origin of money D. By detailing the history of bartering 9. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. Society values money for its convenience. B. Money greatly enriches expressions. C. Money leads to social disorder. D. People prefer simplicity to money. 10. According to the passage, a moneyless world makes for ________. A. Equality B. Innovation C. Independence D. Competition 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the idea of a modern moneyless world? A. Carefree. B. Unclear. C. Disapproving. D. Supportive. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过想象一个没有金钱的社会告诉我们金钱的作用以及价值。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“What if there were no lemonade stands selling a cup for a quarter? No paychecks for parents and no allowances for kids? No library fines and no lottery jackpots? How about no tollbooths or parking meters or car payments — no cars at all for that matter, but we’ll get to that later. Imagine, too, if there were no coin tosses to decide who goes first. What would the tooth fairy leave under our pillow?(如果没有卖25美分一杯的柠檬水摊会怎么样？父母没有工资，孩子没有零花钱？没有图书馆罚款，也没有彩票头奖？如果不收收费站、不收停车计时器、不付车款呢——根本不收车，我们以后再谈。再想象一下，如果没有抛硬币来决定谁先走。牙仙会在我们枕头下留下什么？)”可知，作者通过想象没有钱的生活引入主题。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If all this were true, language would be poorer as well. No one would feel like a million bucks. No one would give a penny for your thoughts. And what would be in your wallet? A toothpick, a picture, perhaps a love note, but no credit cards or cold hard cash.(如果这一切都是真的，语言也会变得更贫乏。没人会觉得自己像个百万富翁。没人会为你的想法花一分钱。那你钱包里会有什么呢？一根牙签，一张照片，也许是一张爱的便条，但没有信用卡或现金)”可知，金钱极大地丰富了表达。故选B。 10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“No money means no rat race, the endless getting and spending, the pressure to keep up with neighbors and friends. In a moneyless world, families and neighbors depend on each other. And, you might have lots of brothers and sisters to share the work.(没有钱意味着没有激烈的竞争，没有无休止的索取和消费，没有跟上邻居和朋友的压力。在一个没有钱的世界里，家庭和邻居相互依赖。而且，你可能有很多兄弟姐妹来分担工作)”可知，没有金钱就意味着没有竞争，没有压力，还能与很多兄弟姐妹分担工作，由此可知，一个没有钱的世界有利于平等。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It simply represents an agreed-upon value. How did people ever live without it?(它只是表示一个商定的值。没有它，人们怎么生活？)”可知，作者不赞成现代无钱世界的观点。故选C。 D If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might well eat it. But what if they offered to also give you$2? You might politely decline and walk away thinking, “Something smells fishy.” In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money” as well as unusually high salaries or suspiciously cheap services because they seem“ too good to be true.” The research bridges economics and psychology to explain why financial attraction can backfire. In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent of participants ate a cookie offered freely — compared with about 20 percent of those offered $2 as well. “People typically imagine things like that someone did something disgusting to the cookie,” says study lead author Andrew J. Vonasch, a psychological scientist at University of Canterbury in New Zealand. If someone seems to violate accepted norms such as self- interest without explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom costs”: imagined consequences that reduce what Vonasch calls an offer’s “psychological value”. Factors beyond the present moment may come into play.“ Understanding that others’ noticeable overgenerosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people’s reluctance,” says Rachel McCloy, a psychologist studying decision-making at England’s University of Reading.“ The old maxim’ there’s no such thing as a free lunch’ is clearly alive and well.” Another experiment found that high scorers on measures of distrust inferred more phantom costs. The researchers also showed how to minimize the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable.“ Uncomfortable seats aren’t typically a selling point,” Vonasch says. “But telling people the seats were uncomfortable made them more willing to take them because it was sufficient clarification.” 12. What is the meaning of the underlined word backfire in the second paragraph? A. Cause a positive outcome unexpectedly. B. Have the opposite effect of the one intended. C. Improve the effectiveness of a strategy. D. Enhance the value of an offer. 13. Why is the saying “there is no such thing as a free lunch” quoted in the last but one paragraph? A. To promote generosity in society. B. To serve as a supporting argument. C. To highlight hidden costs of generous offers. D. To remind people to be cautious of free items. 14. Which case can reduce “Phantom Costs”? A. Offering more money. B. Providing additional unrelated gifts. C. Discounting the price further. D. Giving a plausible explanation. 15. Which could be the best title of the text? A. Phantom Costs: Why Some Deals Seem Too Good to Be True B. Phantom Costs: What Is The Science of Financial Attraction C. Psychological Value: Why People Reject Free Money and Offer D. Psychological Value: How People interpret Overgenerosity in Deals 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为什么人们会拒绝看似过于慷慨的优惠或免费赠品，探讨了经济学和心理学之间的联系。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might well eat it. But what if they offered to also give you$2? You might politely decline and walk away thinking, “Something smells fishy.”(如果一个陌生人给你一块免费的饼干，你很可能会吃掉它。但如果他们还愿意给你2美元呢？你可能会礼貌地拒绝，然后走开，心想：“有些东西闻起来很可疑。”)”以及第二段“In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money” as well as unusually high salaries or suspiciously cheap services because they seem“ too good to be true.”(在《个性与社会心理学公报》上发表的一项研究中，研究人员发现，人们倾向于拒绝“免费的钱”、异常高的薪水或可疑的廉价服务，因为它们看起来“好得令人难以置信”)”可知，第一段的例子表明，当一件事情太过好的时候，人们会认为可疑会拒绝，从而产生与预期相反的效果。故划线词意思是“产生与预期相反的效果”。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Factors beyond the present moment may come into play.“ Understanding that others’ noticeable overgenerosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people’s reluctance,” says Rachel McCloy, a psychologist studying decision-making at England’s University of Reading.“ The old maxim’ there’s no such thing as a free lunch’ is clearly alive and well.”(当下以外的因素可能会起作用。英国雷丁大学研究决策的心理学家雷切尔·麦克洛伊说：“了解别人明显的过度慷慨可能会让我们欠他们的债，这也有助于解释人们的不情愿。‘天下没有免费的午餐’这句古老的格言显然是正确的。”)”可知，倒数第二段引用“天下没有免费的午餐”这句话是为了作为支持性的论据。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Another experiment found that high scorers on measures of distrust inferred more phantom costs. The researchers also showed how to minimize the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal.(另一项实验发现，在不信任测试中得分高的人推断出更多的幻影成本。研究人员还展示了如何将影响降到最低：简单地提供一个交易的理由)”可知，给出合理的解释可以减少“幻影成本”。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money” as well as unusually high salaries or suspiciously cheap services because they seem“ too good to be true.”(在《个性与社会心理学公报》上发表的一项研究中，研究人员发现，人们倾向于拒绝“免费的钱”、异常高的薪水或可疑的廉价服务，因为它们看起来“好得令人难以置信”)”结合文章主要解释了什么是“幻影成本”以及相关的研究发现。可知，A选项“幻影成本：为什么有些交易好得不真实”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分). Top tips from Life Kit on how to make your summer safer and brighter When it comes to bright ideas, our Life Kit experts have a lot of them. This month, they offered timely guidance on summer safety and science-backed strategies on how to boost memory and improve sleep. ● ____16____ One study found that changing your environment in a very simple way, like getting out of your office to work in the kitchen or go for a walk, contributes to your creativity. “Now, the creativity boost that you get from simply changing your environment lasts for only about six minutes. However, those six minutes could be quite important. ____17____ ” says Tali Sharot. If you have a ton on your mind as you’ re trying to fall asleep, quiet the chatter by writing a to-do list. Write out each issue or task and a specific next step that you will take tomorrow to address it, says Allison Harvey. ____18____ “Once people get into problem-solving, that becomes arousing.” ● If the temperature is in the high 90s and you don’t have air conditioning at home, go to a cooling center. “That might be something like a community center, a public library, a coffee shop, a movie theater or a mall,” says Paul Schramm. ____19____ ● Don’t want to forget where you parked your car? Slow down and focus on what you want to remember, says neuroscientist Lisa Genova. ____20____ “The first necessary ingredient in creating a longer-lasting memory is attention. We need that input — otherwise that memory doesn’t get made.” So if you can’t find your parking spot, you probably weren’t paying attention to it in the first place. A. When people complain about having memory problems, they’re often having focus problems. B. That could be the big eureka moment. C. You should have your phone nearby in case you need to call 911. D. Electric fans are not enough — they will just move around hot air. E. If you want to protect your home and loved ones, position your gas or charcoal grill in an open environment. F. If you need a breakthrough at work, move to a different location. G. Don’t try to actually fix the problem, though. 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. G 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何提高记忆力和改善睡眠提出了有科学依据的策略。 【16题详解】 根据后文“One study found that changing your environment in a very simple way, like getting out of your office to work in the kitchen or go for a walk, contributes to your creativity.(一项研究发现，以一种非常简单的方式改变你的环境，比如离开办公室去厨房工作或出去散步，有助于你的创造力)”可知，后文的发现表明换一个环境有助于增加工作创造力，F选项中move to a different location对应后文changing your environment。故F选项“如果你在工作上需要突破，那就换一个地方”符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Now, the creativity boost that you get from simply changing your environment lasts for only about six minutes. However, those six minutes could be quite important.(现在，你从简单地改变你的环境中获得的创造力提升只持续大约六分钟。然而，这六分钟可能非常重要)”可知，上文提到了六分钟非常重要，本句承接上文，说明其重要的原因。故B选项“那可能是一个重大的顿悟时刻”符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“If you have a ton on your mind as you’ re trying to fall asleep, quiet the chatter by writing a to-do list. Write out each issue or task and a specific next step that you will take tomorrow to address it, says Allison Harvey.(如果你想入睡的时候脑子里有很多事情，那就写一张待办事项清单，让你的思绪安静下来。写下每个问题或任务，以及你明天要采取的具体步骤，艾莉森·哈维说)”以及后文“Once people get into problem-solving, that becomes arousing.(一旦人们开始解决问题，这就会变得令人兴奋)”可知，上文建议睡前写清单，后文提到开始解决问题会变得兴奋，即难以入睡，说明只是列出问题，不要解决问题。故G选项“不过，不要试图真正解决问题”符合语境，故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“● If the temperature is in the high 90s and you don’t have air conditioning at home, go to a cooling center. “That might be something like a community center, a public library, a coffee shop, a movie theater or a mall,” says Paul Schramm. (●如果温度在90华氏度以上，而你家里没有空调，那就去降温中心。施拉姆说：“这可能是社区中心、公共图书馆、咖啡店、电影院或商场之类的地方。”)”可知，上文提到了去降温中心，推测本句与降温的其他方式相关，故D选项“电风扇是不够的——它们只会移动热空气”符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“● Don’t want to forget where you parked your car? Slow down and focus on what you want to remember, says neuroscientist Lisa Genova.(●不想忘记把车停在哪里？慢下来，把注意力集中在你想记住的东西上，神经学家丽莎·热那亚说)”可知，上文给出的建议是集中注意力，推测本句是在说明记不住事情与注意力有关系。故A选项“当人们抱怨自己有记忆问题时，他们通常是有注意力问题”符合语境，故选A。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) It’s one of those things that we don’t see coming and that make life so very interesting. The other day, I was sorting out the contents of an untidy cupboard and ____21____ the things my wife and I had accumulated over the years when I ____22____ a file folder hidden away in a back corner. Inside I found the manuscript (手稿) for a/ an ____23____ . It was written, to my ____24____ , by my father, a professional writer. I have very fond memories of my father but they are also ____25____ memories. My father died when I was just part way through my teenage years ____26____ , it has ____27____ me through my years of education, several jobs, a marriage, the births of my children and grandchildren, retirement and even a relocation right across the huge country where I live, but ____28____ I never realized it existed. Yet there it was, resting under a pile of, as it ____29____ , non-essentials destined to be recycled. If I hadn’t been paying attention, I might have thrown it out. I was truly shaken by my ____30____ . My dad’s novel now waits for me to ____31____ another book I’m in the middle of reading but it has a place on my bed- side table where I ____32____ it every day. I want to have some clear time before I have the time and focus to give it the attention it ____33____ so I haven’t even closely examined it yet. As yet I don’t know what the story line is about and I don’t even know if it is complete but I anticipate both a highly interesting and emotional ____34____ of finding out. I find it fascinating to think that this could happen; that after more than fifty years my father could ____35____ forward over the years and through the mists of time to touch his only son. 21. A. removing B. changing C. appreciating D. fixing 22. A. polished up B. came across C. concentrated on D. tripped over 23. A. play B. novel C. essay D. autobiography 24. A. satisfaction B. despair C. delight D. amazement 25. A. vivid B. bitter- sweet C. lasting D. distant 26. A. Consequently B. Accidentally C. Obviously D. Fortunately 27. A. followed B. possessed C. confused D. supported 28. A. anyhow B. anywhere C. somehow D. somewhere 29. A. came out B. turned out C. brought out D. worked out 30. A. arrival B. discovery C. analysis D. intention 31. A. finish B. reject C. publish D. select 32. A. read B. review C. see D. monitor 33. A. escapes B. draws C. arrests D. deserves 34. A. process B. pursuit C. obligation D. objective 35. A. reach B. put C. pay D. look 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在整理橱柜时意外发现了父亲的小说手稿，带给了作者一些感悟和体会。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：前几天，我正在整理一个凌乱的橱柜里的东西，把我和妻子多年来积攒的东西搬出来，突然发现一个文件夹藏在角落里。A. removing去除；B. changing改变；C. appreciating感激；D. fixing修理。根据后文“the things my wife and I had accumulated over the years”可知，整理橱柜是为把多年来积攒的东西搬出来，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：前几天，我正在整理一个凌乱的橱柜里的东西，把我和妻子多年来积攒的东西搬出来，突然发现一个文件夹藏在角落里。A. polished up抛光；B. came across意外发现，偶遇；C. concentrated on集中于；D. tripped over绊倒。根据后文“a file folder hidden away in a back corner”指作者意外发现了一个文件夹。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在里面发现了一本小说的手稿。A. play戏剧；B. novel小说；C. essay论文；D. autobiography自传。根据后文“My dad’s novel”可知，作者发现了小说手稿。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我吃惊的是，这是我父亲写的，他是一名职业作家。A. satisfaction满意；B. despair绝望；C. delight高兴；D. amazement惊讶。根据后文“My father died when I was just part way through my teenage years (我父亲去世的时候，我才十几岁)”可知，作者对于父亲的记忆太过久远，如今发现了他的手稿感到惊讶。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对父亲有非常美好的回忆，但它们也是遥远的回忆。A. vivid生动的；B. bitter-sweet苦乐参半的；C. lasting持久的；D. distant遥远的。根据后文“My father died when I was just part way through my teenage years (我父亲去世的时候，我才十几岁)”可知，作者对于父亲的记忆久远。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，它一直伴随着我多年的教育、几份工作、一次婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至在我居住的广阔国家的另一边搬迁，但不知何故，我从未意识到它的存在。A. Consequently结果；B. Accidentally意外；C. Obviously显然；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“me through my years of education, several jobs, a marriage, the births of my children and grandchildren, retirement and even a relocation right across the huge country”可知，作者在橱柜了发现了手稿，显然它陪伴了作者多年。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，它一直伴随着我多年的教育、几份工作、一次婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至在我居住的广阔国家的另一边搬迁，但不知何故，我从未意识到它的存在。A. followed跟随；B. possessed拥有；C. confused困惑；D. supported支持。根据后文“me through my years of education, several jobs, a marriage, the births of my children and grandchildren, retirement and even a relocation right across the huge country”指手稿跟随了作者多年，经历了很多事情。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，它一直伴随着我多年的教育、几份工作、一次婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至在我居住的广阔国家的另一边搬迁，但不知何故，我从未意识到它的存在。A. anyhow无论如何；B. anywhere任何地方；C. somehow不知怎么；D. somewhere某地。根据上文中but表示转折，说明手稿虽然陪伴作者多年，但不知怎么作者没有意识到其存在。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，它就在那里，躺在一堆注定要被回收利用的非必需品下面。A. came out出现；B. turned out结果是；C. brought out推出；D. worked out解决。根据后文“non- essentials destined to be recycled”可知，这些非必需品注定要被回收利用，as it turned out表示“正如事情结果那样”。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的被我的发现震惊了。A. arrival到达；B. discovery发现；C. analysis分析；D. intention意图。呼应上文“a file folder hidden away in a back corner”指发现父亲的手稿让作者震惊。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸的小说现在等着我看完——我正在看另一本书，但它在我的床头柜上有一个地方，我每天都能看到它。A. finish结束；B. reject拒绝；C. publish出版；D. select选择。根据上文“My dad’s novel now waits for me to”可知，爸爸的小说现在等着作者去阅读完，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸的小说现在等着我看完——我正在看另一本书，但它在我的床头柜上有一个地方，我每天都能看到它。A. read阅读；B. review复习；C. see看见；D. monitor监督。根据上文“but it has a place on my bed- side table where I”可知，这本手稿就在床头柜上，作者每天都能看见。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我有时间和精力给予它应有的关注之前，我想有一些清晰的时间，所以我甚至还没有仔细研究它。A. escapes逃走；B. draws绘画；C. arrests逮捕；D. deserves值得。根据上文“I have the time and focus to give it the attention it”可知，父亲的手稿珍贵，值得作者花心思去阅读，给予关注。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我还不知道故事情节是什么，我甚至不知道它是否完整，但我预计这将是一个非常有趣和激动人心的发现过程。A. process程序；B. pursuit追求；C. obligation义务；D. objective目标。根据后文“of finding out”可知，阅读手稿是一个非常有趣和激动人心的发现过程。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这种情况可能发生的想法很有趣；在五十多年后，我的父亲能够穿越岁月，穿越时间的迷雾，去触摸他唯一的儿子。A. reach到达；B. put放置；C. pay支付；D. look看。根据后文“forward over the years and through the mists of time to touch his only son”此处比喻为父亲能够穿越岁月，穿越时间的迷雾，去触摸他唯一的儿子，为短语reach forward。故选A。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 语法填空 Fireworks began in ancient China before spreading West. The thinking goes ____36____ someone living in China around the first century B. C. ____37____ (throw) a piece of bamboo on a fire and it exploded with a bang. Bamboo stalks (节) contain air pockets that can expand and blow up in extreme heat. Chinese travelers would carry bamboo on journeys in case they needed to create ____38____ loud noise to scare away wild animals. The next major development came around the ninth century, when gunpowder was invented. Chinese producers loaded up bamboo stalks with gunpowder ____39____ (create) perhaps the world’s first manufactured fireworks, and later began using paper tubes as well. These were employed to ward off evil spirits and celebrate births and weddings. By the 12th century, fireworks were being lit ____40____ entertainment purposes in China’s imperial court. Around the 14th century, primitive fireworks then made their way to Europe, ____41____ Italian artists constructed displays like theatrical sets called “machines” and set off fireworks inside them. Fireworks became far ____42____ (complex) thanks to advances in chemistry. The 19th century saw potassium chlorate (a chemical) ____43____ (use) to bring out brilliant colors in fireworks, such as red and green, and enhance their ____44____ (bright). Over the years, innovations in technology led to some curious suggestions for _____45_____ fireworks could help solve modern problems. Whalers experimented with rocket- powered harpoons (鱼叉) in the late 1800s, and inventor Gerhard Zucker attempted to use pyrotechnic rockets to deliver mail in the 1930s. Now pyrotechnic amusements have become a global phenomenon and almost the accepted way big events are celebrated. 【答案】36. that 37. threw 38. a 39. to create 40. for 41. where 42. more complex 43. used 44. brightness 45. how 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烟花的发明以及发展演变。 【36题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：大约在公元前一世纪，有人把一根竹子扔进火里，它砰的一声爆炸了。表示“人们认为……”句型为The thinking goes that…。故填that。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：人们认为，大约在公元前一世纪左右，生活在中国的人把一根竹子扔进火里，然后砰地一声爆炸了。根据上文around the first century B. C.可知发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填threw。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国的旅行者会在旅途中携带竹子，以防他们需要制造很大的噪音来吓跑野生动物。此处noise为泛指，且loud是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的烟花制造者把火药装在竹竿上，制造出也许是世界上第一个人造烟花，后来也开始使用纸管。此处create在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to create。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：到了12世纪，中国的朝廷开始为娱乐目的而燃放烟花。表示出于某种目的，应用介词for。故填for。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：大约在14世纪，原始的烟花传到了欧洲，意大利艺术家在那里建造了类似戏剧布景的“机器”，并在其中燃放烟花。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Europe，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。 【42题详解】 考查比较级。句意：由于化学的进步，烟花变得复杂得多。根据上文far以及句意可知应用比较级，在前面加more，故填more complex。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：19世纪，氯酸钾（一种化学物质）被用来在烟花中产生鲜艳颜色，如红色和绿色，并提高它们的亮度。此处use与potassium chlorate构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，故填used。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：19世纪，氯酸钾（一种化学物质）被用来在烟花中产生鲜艳的颜色，如红色和绿色，并提高它们的亮度。作动词的宾语，应用名词brightness，不可数。故填brightness。 【45题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：多年来，技术上的创新产生了一些关于烟花如何帮助解决现代问题的奇怪建议。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是来自高二(9)班的李华，你被邀请在9月1日学校召开的开学典礼上给高一新生致欢迎辞。请你就此用英文写一份欢迎高一新同学的稿件。 注意： 1.100 词左右。 2. 不要透露你所在学校的信息。 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】Dear fellow students, I am Li Hua from Class 9, Senior 2. It is my great honor to extend my warmest welcome to all the freshmen on behalf of the school. You have joined a vibrant and diverse community here. High school life is both challenging and rewarding. It is a time for learning, growing, and making lifelong friends. I believe that with hard work and dedication, you will all achieve great things during your time here. Let’s work together to make our school a better place. Best of luck in your new journey! Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英文写一份稿件，在9月1日学校召开的开学典礼上给高一新生致欢迎辞。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：extend → express 代表：on behalf of → represent 有益的：rewarding → beneficial 实现：achieve → accomplish 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：You have joined a vibrant and diverse community here. High school life is both challenging and rewarding. 拓展句：You have joined a vibrant and diverse community here, which is both challenging and rewarding. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It is a time for learning, growing, and making lifelong friends. (运用了动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] I believe that with hard work and dedication, you will all achieve great things during your time here. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Secret of Flowers Sumiko worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. The produce from their garden was sold at the farmer’s market. This is how they made their living. Sumiko’s job was to make sure the daikon radish (白萝卜) plants were never too dry. Each day Sumiko would push her finger into the soil to test for moisture (水分), and then carefully water any plant that needed it. Sumiko often imagined the plants she tended were beautiful chrysanthemums (菊花), like Mrs. Higaki’s prize flowers. Sumiko envied (羡慕) Mrs. Higaki. If she could sell flowers like Mrs. Higaki, she would be able to buy things for her mother. But chrysanthemums were expensive to start, and Sumiko could only dream about growing them. One day, Sumiko visited Mrs. Higaki to see her flowers. Mrs. Higaki was checking her chrysanthemums when she arrived. The garden of flowers springing up excited Sumiko. “I wish I could grow beautiful chrysanthemums and win a prize at the festival like you.” “You?” Mrs. Higaki laughed. “Child, do you know what’s required to grow such flowers? The secret to growing prize chrysanthemums has been passed down to me from past generations of my family. And you?” She chuckled (轻声笑). “Stick to vegetables, child. Leave flowers to those who know the secret of flowers.” Mrs. Higaki returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Sumiko’s face. Then she pulled up what looked like a weed (杂草). “What’s that?” Sumiko asked. “A shabby (破烂的) plant. Unworthy of my time — too weak to trouble,” Mrs. Higaki said before throwing the shabby plant into the field beside the garden. Sumiko smiled. She had an idea. She politely said goodbye to Mrs. Higaki and went out the garden gate, quickly picking up the shabby plant before rushing home. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Sumiko found a quiet place and planted the shabby plant carefully. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On festival morning, Sumiko jumped with joy upon seeing her little plant flowering. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Sumiko found a quiet place and planted the shabby plant carefully. She watered it daily, nurturing it with care and attention. She imagined it would one day grow into a beautiful chrysanthemum, and she was determined to prove Mrs. Higaki wrong. With each passing day, the plant grew stronger and taller, but still it did not resemble a chrysanthemum. However, Sumiko did not give up, and she continued to care for it with love and patience. On festival morning, Sumiko jumped with joy upon seeing her little plant flowering. It was not a chrysanthemum, but a vibrant and unique bloom, its petals a soft pink with delicate white edges. She knew she had achieved something special. She took the flower to the festival, and although it did not win a prize, it did win the admiration of many. Mrs. Higaki, seeing Sumiko’s proud face and the unique flower, realized that the secret of flowers was not just passed down from generation to generation, but also found in the hearts of those who cared deeply for them. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Sumiko与母亲一起种植蔬菜为生，她羡慕能种出美丽菊花的Higaki夫人。一天，她拜访Higaki夫人时，看到夫人丢弃了一株看似弱小的植物。Sumiko心生一计，悄悄将植物带回家，打算自己培育。她希望能种出美丽的菊花，证明自己也能种出与Higaki夫人一样美丽的花朵。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Sumiko找了一个安静的地方，小心翼翼地种下了那株破旧的植物。”可知，第一段可描写Sumiko细心照料植物，虽然它不像是一株菊花，但Sumiko 并没有放弃，她继续用爱和耐心去照顾它。 ②由第二段首句内容“在节日的早晨，Sumiko看到她的小植物开花，高兴地跳了起来。”可知，第二段可描写植物开出了充满生机和独特的花朵。Sumiko带着这朵花去了节日庆典，虽然它没有赢得奖项，但它赢得了Higaki夫人和许多人的赞赏。 2.续写线索：细心培育并满怀期待——坚持不放弃并继续用心照料——植物开出独特的花朵——参加庆典并得到赞赏 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想象：imagine/picture ②开花：flower/bloom ③实现：achieve/accomplish 情绪类 ①小心地：carefully/with care ②下决心做：be determined to/make up one’s mind 【点睛】[高分句型1] She watered it daily, nurturing it with care and attention.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型2] She knew she had achieved something special.(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) [高分句型3] She took the flower to the festival, and although it did not win a prize, it did win the admiration of many.(运用了从属连词although引导让步状语从句) 1-10 ACABBCAABB 11-20ACCAA CBCBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$