精品解析：辽宁省部分高中2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题

2024-2025学年度上学期高二年级开学阶段测试 英 语 本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What did Lisa do yesterday afternoon? A. She drew pictures. B. She played the piano. C. She went to the cinema. 2. How will Mike go to work today? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway. 3. What did Jennifer and David spend their savings on? A. New cars. B. House decoration. C. Baby stuff. 4. What does the woman think John should do? A. Share some recipes. B. Cook meals himself. C. Store some canned food. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A picture. B. A device. C. An experience. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What size will the man take? A. Small. B. Medium. C. Large. 7. Which colour does the man choose? A Red. B. Blue. C. Green. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why did Jason come to London? A. To look for work. B. To go on a study tour. C. To visit a local friend. 9. What was the temperature yesterday afternoon? A. 30℃. B. 35℃. C. 40℃. 10. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Tourist and guide. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How many medals had Tom's school received by yesterday? A. 5. B. 9. C. 14. 12. In what event did Andersen win? A. Ping-pong. B. Roller skating. C. The men's 100-meter race. 13 What kind of medal did Jack get? A. Gold. B. Silver. C. Bronze. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where does the conservation probably take place? A. At a hotel. B. At a birthday party. C. At the workplace. 15. Who will have a birthday party? A. Linda. B. Lily. C. Brad. 16. When does the woman need the man to work for her? A. 12: 00 to 8: 00 pm on Friday. B. 9: 00 am to 5: 00 pm on Sunday. C. 8: 00 am to 4: 00 pm on Saturday. 17. What did the man ask the woman to do? A. Introduce her friends to him. B. Help with his work when necessary. C. Bring him a present from the party. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What's Mattea's plan? A. To invest in local public art heavily. B. To spend all the money on new things. C. To set up funds to maintain the parks. 19. Which of the following can best describe Bella? A. Brave and cooperative. B. Confident and generous. C. Patient and knowledgeable. 20. What will the speaker do next? A. Ask a few questions. B. Recommend more books. C. List actions to support the community. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Camping in New York’s State Parks Reservation & Rental Fees ·Reservation Fee: $7.25. ·Campsite Rate: $15 per night. Out-of-state residents will pay an extra $5 per night for campsites. Cancellations ·Cancelling 8 days or more before arrival: The costs you are expected to cover include the reservation fee $7.25 plus the cancellation fee $7.25. ·Cancelling 7 days or less before arrival: The costs you are expected to cover include the reservation fee $7.25 and the cancellation fee $7.25, plus the fee of the first night’s campsites. General Rules and Information ·Reservations can be made 9 months in advance. Same-day reservations will be allowed until 3 pm on the day of arrival. ·Check In: 3 pm. The sites must be registered by 9 pm on the first night of the reservation. ·Check Out: Campers must leave their sites no later than 11 am on the day of leaving. ·14 continuous nights at most per stay. ·Rubbish must be placed in trash bags. Too much rubbish on sites may result in fees charged to the permit holder. Camper Assistance Programme (CAP) CAP volunteers serve in various ways. ·Welcoming campers and helping enrich their camping experience. ·Familiarizing campers with park programmes and rules. ·Checking facilities. CAP volunteers serve for at least two or at most four weeks. They are on duty for five days per week, including weekends and holidays. In return for their service, they receive a free camping site during their duty. Additional campers who come with the volunteer can enjoy the same treatment. 1. How much should an out-of-state resident pay if he cancels two days before check-in? A. $7.25. B. $14.5. C. $29.5. D. $34.5. 2. What is a must for campers? A. Booking a site in advance. B. Paying for the removal of rubbish. C. Arranging for an early morning checkin. D. Checking out before 11 am when leaving. 3. What do we know about CAP volunteers? A. They are required to take a helper. B. They are expected to examine facilities. C. They must work for at least four weeks. D. They need to organise park programmes. B When Mayumi Watanabe tells people what she does for a living, most people widen their eyes in disbelief, not just because she is quite tiny. “I can see they’re thinking, ‘How can such a tiny woman drive a big truck? ’ ” Watanabe, who is 152 cm tall, said as she prepared for the busy run-up to be a truck driver. When she started driving her truck, Watanabe was an exception, as all her co-workers were men. Figuring out routes in the days before E-maps was not the only aspect of the job with which she struggled. Expressway truck stops did not have women’s toilets, and heavy-vehicle cabs appeared to have been designed entirely with male drivers in mind. Watanabe is now a director of Heartful, the first among Japan’s 62, 000 trucking firms to employ only female drivers. Japan’s $300 bn freight and logistics (货运和物流) field is looking to women to address what industry insiders believe could be disastrous changes in the aging labour market. In an attempt to make trucking, with its punishingly long hours, more attractive, the Japanese government will limit drivers’ overtime at 960 hours a year, or 80 hours a month, from April. However, transport companies warn that it will cause an outflow from a job in which most drivers depend on large amounts of overtime to make ends meet. But for Watanabe, there are also signs of a bright side in the industry. In the two decades that Watanabe, 43, has been driving trucks around her company’s base in Fukui, toilet facilities have improved, while improved seat design and steering (操纵) technology have made her job much easier. With more women driving large trucks, companies are starting to customize their vehicles to better suit them, including fitting cabs with curtains to give the drivers more privacy during rest breaks. Watanabe’s extra hours will fall sharply from April. “A lot of drivers will just quit,” she said. But she has no intention of joining them. “Driving gives me a sense of freedom.” 4. What aspect of Mayumi Watanabe surprises people the most? A. Her great enthusiasm for trucks. B. Her positive attitude towards life. C. Her busy schedule at the end of the year. D. Her presence in a male-centered profession. 5. What did Watanabe struggle to do in her daily work? A. Develop competence in driving a truck. B. Get along well with her male co-workers. C. Fit into the uncomfortable working conditions. D. Determine driving routes through digital maps. 6. What is the significance of women in Japan’s freight and logistics industry? A They help ease the labour shortage. B. They improve customer satisfaction. C. They promote equality in the workplace. D. They contribute to better labour management. 7. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Technological advancements in trucking. B. Benefits of having more women in trucking. C. Positive changes made in the trucking industry. D. Reasonable demands from women truck drivers. C On the beaches, in the deepest reaches of the backcountry — even nearly 100 feet underwater, the noise of navy training jets (喷气式飞机) is unbearable for people and even endangered southern residents — tiger whales, a new scientific research shows. In a paper published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, scientists reported an underwater microphone fixed in nearly 100 feet of water offshore of the runway at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Washington, clearly picked up the sound of the jets, at levels known to affect tiger whales’ behaviour. “To the tiger whales at that depth, the noise is about as loud as a ship 650 feet away,” said Rob Williams, lead scientist and an author on the paper. Tiger whales use sound to find food, so underwater noise can affect their ability to get enough to eat. Lauren Kuehne, lead author on the paper, said she was surprised at just how clear the jet noise was even deep underwater, showing the noise easily spreads to depths where Chinook Salmon, the tiger whales’primary prey (猎物) , are often found. “Mentally I was prepared for noise, but not for that; it was clear as a bell. It has given me a whole new appreciation. We don’t use our ears the way animals do. For them, it is life and death,” said Kuehne. The number and duration of daily overflights, the team stressed, also outnumber those in a majority of studies that have dug into the impacts of noise from military aircraft, worldwide. Williams said the study demolishes the assumption that the noise of the jets doesn’t travel underwater. “The original understanding is that the noise is going to bounce off the ocean,” Williams said. “Here we show it doesn't. The sound goes underwater. We have shown that it is noisy, and noisy enough to require paying attention to.” 8. How did researchers confirm the effect of the noise on tiger whales? A. By adjusting the sound of jets. B. By collecting noise underwater. C. By observing tiger whales’ behaviour. D. By picking up tiger whales’ brainwaves. 9. Why is underwater noise dangerous to tiger whales? A. It scares off their natural prey. B. It affects their hunting activity. C. It destroys their sense of hearing. D. It makes them nervous underwater. 10. What does the underlined word “demolishes” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Overturns. B. Updates. C. Explains. D. Justifies. 11. What’s the best title for the text? A. Irregular Airplane Noise B. Underwater Species Protection C Unknown Underwater Sound D. Non-ignorable Undersea Annoyance D Ever since Neil Alden Armstrong took one small step onto the moon, moon dust has proved to be a messy problem for astronauts, gathering on their spacesuits and being difficult to clean off. Scientists have come up with a new solution to this problem. For their experiment, researchers dressed Barbie dolls in spacesuits constructed of materials similar to what NASA uses. Then they covered the spacesuits these dolls wore with a moon dust replacement — volcanic ash, collected from the 1980 eruption of nearby Mount Saint Helens in America, which is similar to moon dust. Then the team sprayed (喷) the dolls with liquid nitrogen (氮) to test how well liquid nitrogen could remove moon dust from the spacesuits. They found that spraying the spacesuit-wearing dolls with liquid nitrogen not only removed more than 98% of the moon dust replacement but also caused little to no damage to the spacesuit material. This proved to be a better solution than the traditional method: Apollo programme astronauts would use brushes to wipe off moon dust from their spacesuits, which would eventually severely damage the material. Not only is moon dust annoyingly clingy (黏附的) , but coming into contact with it can prove harmful to human cells and can lead to an illness that causes watery eyes, a sore throat and sneezing. “Moon dust is harmful, and it gets everywhere,” said Ian Wells, head of the research team. “It can work its way into spacesuits and make them unusable. It can also have a negative impact on astronauts’ lungs. That’s not exactly something astronauts would want to deal with while conducting an already risky mission to the moon.” Ian Wells’s team presented their findings to NASA as part of their upcoming mission to the moon and they won the space agency’s Breakthrough, Innovative and Game-Changing (BIG) Idea Challenge. “We used the doll primarily because it’s a one-sixth-scale person,” Wells said. “However, it was also chosen as the Artemis mission, aiming to send the first woman to the moon.” 12. What’s the new solution to the moon dust on spacesuits? A. Wiping it off with brushes. B. Changing the material of spacesuits. C. Covering spacesuits with volcanic ash. D. Spraying liquid nitrogen on spacesuits. 13. Why is the new moon dust removal method better than the traditional one? A. It costs much less. B. It uses devices easier to carry. C It almost does no harm to spacesuits. D. It is friendlier to the space environment. 14. What does paragraph 4 want to stress concerning moon dust? A. Its research value. B. Its severe harmfulness. C. Its physical feature. D. Its formation process. 15. What might be NASA’s attitude towards Wells’ team’s findings? A. Uncaring. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Supportive. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When it comes to work, every one of us could be under pressure such as tight deadlines, busy work schedules, low salaries, etc. ___16___ But don’t worry. The following ways may help you deal with them in the workplace without making you crazy. Build your self-confidence. A successful person is the one who does not let one failure stop him or her from moving forward. Therefore, do not feel down when you are facing a failure in the workplace. ___17___ You should always believe in yourself and give yourself a second chance. Do not fear gossip (流言蜚语). ___18___ For that, some people may gossip about you. Don’t be upset. Just ignore what they say about your failures because there are some people who try to make others feel down even though they make thousands of mistakes themselves. What you need to do is learn from your mistakes. ___19___ You have to face failures when you fail to meet your promises. Therefore, whether it is your boss or your customers, do not promise the things that you cannot complete within the given time. However, give them the assurance that you will try your best to solve the problem as soon as possible. Treat each failure as an opportunity. Learn to admit your shortcomings, as this is the only way that you can avoid being affected by failures. Treat the failure as an opportunity that is given to you to adjust your style of working. ___20___ A. Promise what you can deliver. B. Cheer up, learn from it and move forward. C. And sometimes, you may even face failures or criticism. D. You may have been criticized by your leader for your mistakes. E. Listen to their experiences and learn how they handled their failures. F. And keep in mind that every failure teaches you to become a better person. G. If you are unable to complete a project, find out the reasons behind the failure. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Some time ago, I decided to do a “Moonwalk Marathon” for charity. In the hours before midnight, with ___21___ music, energetic warm-up activities and enthusiastic organisers exciting the crowds, groups of friends ___22___ and prepared for 10-hour walks through the streets. The good news was that I’d trained, gradually ___23___ the length of my walks before the event. I had comfortable walking shoes. I had full ___24___ that I could properly deal with the physical demands ahead. But I was to discover that it was the mental ___25___ that were the most difficult. With thousands of people around, I didn’t have a (n) ___26___ to talk to. All of these made a very ___27___ and lonely 10-hour walk. By 5 am, I was extremely ___28___ . The only thing I had to keep me taking one step after another towards the ___29___ was my own thoughts. My “Moonwalk” experience taught me that while it could be ____30____ to have people around to coach and ____31____ you when you are feeling like giving up, the only person with you is yourself. You will encounter various kinds of difficulties in life, so you must train yourself to face the difficulties ____32____ . By the way, I did ____33____ the “Moonwalk Marathon”. When I ____34____ my medal, I felt a huge sense of achievement. I realized that one’s mindset could be so different between giving up and ____35____ your goals. 21. A. inspiring B. comforting C. classical D. light 22. A. called up B. held up C. looked up D. met up 23. A. shortening B. limiting C. determining D. increasing 24. A. function B. confidence C. satisfaction D. promise 25. A. ages B. conflicts C. requirements D. benefits 26. A. stranger B. partner C. competitor D. neighbour 27. A. heartbreaking B. wild C. challenging D. proper 28. A. bored B. delighted C. hesitant D. tired 29. A. finish B. passage C. audience D. exit 30. A. safe B. helpful C. unique D. tough 31. A. attract B. ignore C. support D. respect 32. A. regularly B. definitely C. understandingly D. independently 33. A. change B. complete C. choose D. miss 34. A. picked up B. accounted for C. put up D. hoped for 35. A. achieving B. setting C. adjusting D. seeking 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has seen a huge rise in vegetable prices this summer. The average wholesale price for 28 vegetables ___36___ (track) by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs rose from 4.29 yuan to 6 yuan per kilogram from June 17 to August 15, representing ___37___ increase of 39.9 per cent within the two-month period. Experts put the increases down to weather-related ___38___ (factor), stating that such forces typically come into play during the summer months each year. Vegetable prices generally start to rise from mid-June and reach their peak in early September, mainly due ___39___ high temperatures and frequent rainfall. So far, many regions in China ___40___ (affect) by heavy rainfall and thunderstorms, leading to a decrease in vegetable production. As a result, the supply of certain vegetables in the market has been intense, ___41___ leads to price rises. Vegetable price swings have urged some cities to take action. In Shanghai, the city is ___42___ (active) transporting vegetables from other provinces and cities to meet local demands. At the same time, efforts are being made ___43___ (speed) up the harvesting and replenishment (补给) of locally grown vegetables. ___44___ (look) ahead, experts believe that although the vegetable prices might continue their ___45___ (season) rises in the short term, the potential for further increases is limited. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，下个月你将参加你校举办的以“Environmental Protection”为主题的英文演讲比赛。请给你的外教Mr Smith写一封邮件求助，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 求助内容； 3. 表达谢意。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：演讲稿 speech script Dear Mr Smith, How are you doing these days? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer vacation, I worked as a part-time waiter in a restaurant for the first time. It was challenging for me to adapt to the fast-paced work and communicate with strangers at first. Nevertheless, I was determined to provide customers with good service. One day, a man and his son came in and spent a very long time looking through the menu. Eventually, the father called me over and started asking me about the ingredients (配料) because his son was allergic (过敏的) . Then the boy handed me a card that listed all the things he was allergic to. It was a lot. I couldn't remember all exactly, but I knew eggs and pork were on the list, as well as a couple of ingredients, like pepper. I asked to borrow the card so I could make a check. He agreed, and off I went. It turned out that a lot of our ingredients and sauces used at least one thing the boy was allergic to, and the allergy to pork took over half our menu options away on its own. Despite being awfully busy, I spent nearly fifteen minutes checking basically everything on the list. The father seemed pretty surprised that I was going out of my way to figure this out. Finally, I did figure out what I could do to serve the boy. Because he had an allergy to meat, I washed every piece of the cutting board carefully and wiped the table as pork oil was everywhere. When I finally placed their dishes on the table, I felt proud of myself for getting everything right. However, that feeling was short-lived. Shortly after they started eating, while I was cleaning the table behind them, I overheard the little boy saying he was feeling uncomfortable all over and was starting to break out in hives (荨麻疹) . That was when I was shocked by the terrible realization — I forgot to tell the chef not to put pepper in the dishes! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I immediately dropped what I was doing to apologise and offer help. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unexpectedly, the father came to our restaurant the next day, letter in hand. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年度上学期高二年级开学阶段测试 英 语 本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1 What did Lisa do yesterday afternoon? A. She drew pictures. B. She played the piano. C. She went to the cinema. 2. How will Mike go to work today? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway. 3. What did Jennifer and David spend their savings on? A. New cars. B. House decoration. C. Baby stuff. 4. What does the woman think John should do? A. Share some recipes. B. Cook meals himself. C. Store some canned food. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A picture. B. A device. C. An experience. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What size will the man take? A. Small. B. Medium. C. Large. 7. Which colour does the man choose? A. Red. B. Blue. C. Green. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why did Jason come to London? A. To look for work. B. To go on a study tour. C. To visit a local friend. 9. What was the temperature yesterday afternoon? A. 30℃. B. 35℃. C. 40℃. 10. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Tourist and guide. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How many medals had Tom's school received by yesterday? A. 5. B. 9. C. 14. 12. In what event did Andersen win? A. Ping-pong. B. Roller skating. C. The men's 100-meter race. 13. What kind of medal did Jack get? A. Gold. B. Silver. C. Bronze. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where does the conservation probably take place? A. At a hotel. B. At a birthday party. C. At the workplace. 15. Who will have a birthday party? A. Linda. B. Lily. C. Brad. 16. When does the woman need the man to work for her? A. 12: 00 to 8: 00 pm on Friday. B. 9: 00 am to 5: 00 pm on Sunday. C. 8: 00 am to 4: 00 pm on Saturday. 17. What did the man ask the woman to do? A. Introduce her friends to him. B. Help with his work when necessary. C. Bring him a present from the party. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What's Mattea's plan? A. To invest in local public art heavily. B. To spend all the money on new things. C. To set up funds to maintain the parks. 19. Which of the following can best describe Bella? A Brave and cooperative. B. Confident and generous. C. Patient and knowledgeable. 20. What will the speaker do next? A. Ask a few questions. B. Recommend more books. C. List actions to support the community. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Camping in New York’s State Parks Reservation & Rental Fees ·Reservation Fee: $7.25. ·Campsite Rate: $15 per night. Out-of-state residents will pay an extra $5 per night for campsites. Cancellations ·Cancelling 8 days or more before arrival: The costs you are expected to cover include the reservation fee $7.25 plus the cancellation fee $7.25. ·Cancelling 7 days or less before arrival: The costs you are expected to cover include the reservation fee $7.25 and the cancellation fee $7.25, plus the fee of the first night’s campsites. General Rules and Information ·Reservations can be made 9 months in advance. Same-day reservations will be allowed until 3 pm on the day of arrival. ·Check In: 3 pm. The sites must be registered by 9 pm on the first night of the reservation. ·Check Out: Campers must leave their sites no later than 11 am on the day of leaving. ·14 continuous nights at most per stay. ·Rubbish must be placed in trash bags. Too much rubbish on sites may result in fees charged to the permit holder. Camper Assistance Programme (CAP) CAP volunteers serve in various ways. ·Welcoming campers and helping enrich their camping experience. ·Familiarizing campers with park programmes and rules. ·Checking facilities. CAP volunteers serve for at least two or at most four weeks. They are on duty for five days per week, including weekends and holidays. In return for their service, they receive a free camping site during their duty. Additional campers who come with the volunteer can enjoy the same treatment. 1. How much should an out-of-state resident pay if he cancels two days before check-in? A $7.25. B. $14.5. C. $29.5. D. $34.5. 2. What is a must for campers? A. Booking a site in advance. B. Paying for the removal of rubbish. C. Arranging for an early morning checkin. D. Checking out before 11 am when leaving. 3. What do we know about CAP volunteers? A. They are required to take a helper. B. They are expected to examine facilities. C. They must work for at least four weeks. D. They need to organise park programmes. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在纽约州立公园露营的相关信息，包括预订和租赁费用、取消政策、一般规则和信息以及露营者援助计划。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reservation & Rental Fees部分中“Campsite Rate: $15 per night. Out-of-state residents will pay an extra $5 per night for campsites.(露营地价格：每晚15美元。州外居民将为露营地每晚额外支付5美元)”可知外州居民每晚营地费为15+5=20美元；根据Cancellations部分中“Cancelling 7 days or less before arrival: The costs you are expected to cover include the reservation fee $7.25 and the cancellation fee $7.25, plus the fee of the first night’s campsites.(抵达前7天或更短时间内取消：您需要支付的费用包括预订费7.25美元和取消费7.25美元，外加第一晚的营地费)”可知，取消政策中说明抵达前7天或更短时间内取消需支付预订费7.25美元、取消费7.25美元以及第一晚的营地费。那么外州居民在抵达前两日取消需支付7.25+7.25+20=34.5美元。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据General Rules and Information部分中“Check Out: Campers must leave their sites no later than 11 am on the day of leaving.(退房：露营者必须在离开当天的上午11点之前离开他们的营地)”可知，露营者必须在离开当天的上午11点之前离开他们的营地，这是必须遵守的规定。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Camper Assistance Programme (CAP)部分中“Checking facilities.(检查设施)”可知，CAP志愿者需要检查设施。故选B项。 B When Mayumi Watanabe tells people what she does for a living, most people widen their eyes in disbelief, not just because she is quite tiny. “I can see they’re thinking, ‘How can such a tiny woman drive a big truck? ’ ” Watanabe, who is 152 cm tall, said as she prepared for the busy run-up to be a truck driver. When she started driving her truck, Watanabe was an exception, as all her co-workers were men. Figuring out routes in the days before E-maps was not the only aspect of the job with which she struggled. Expressway truck stops did not have women’s toilets, and heavy-vehicle cabs appeared to have been designed entirely with male drivers in mind. Watanabe is now a director of Heartful, the first among Japan’s 62, 000 trucking firms to employ only female drivers. Japan’s $300 bn freight and logistics (货运和物流) field is looking to women to address what industry insiders believe could be disastrous changes in the aging labour market. In an attempt to make trucking, with its punishingly long hours, more attractive, the Japanese government will limit drivers’ overtime at 960 hours a year, or 80 hours a month, from April. However, transport companies warn that it will cause an outflow from a job in which most drivers depend on large amounts of overtime to make ends meet. But for Watanabe, there are also signs of a bright side in the industry. In the two decades that Watanabe, 43, has been driving trucks around her company’s base in Fukui, toilet facilities have improved, while improved seat design and steering (操纵) technology have made her job much easier. With more women driving large trucks, companies are starting to customize their vehicles to better suit them, including fitting cabs with curtains to give the drivers more privacy during rest breaks. Watanabe’s extra hours will fall sharply from April. “A lot of drivers will just quit,” she said. But she has no intention of joining them. “Driving gives me a sense of freedom.” 4. What aspect of Mayumi Watanabe surprises people the most? A. Her great enthusiasm for trucks. B. Her positive attitude towards life. C. Her busy schedule at the end of the year. D. Her presence in a male-centered profession. 5. What did Watanabe struggle to do in her daily work? A. Develop competence in driving a truck. B. Get along well with her male co-workers. C. Fit into the uncomfortable working conditions. D. Determine driving routes through digital maps. 6. What is the significance of women in Japan’s freight and logistics industry? A. They help ease the labour shortage. B. They improve customer satisfaction. C. They promote equality in the workplace. D. They contribute to better labour management. 7. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Technological advancements in trucking. B. Benefits of having more women in trucking. C. Positive changes made in the trucking industry. D. Reasonable demands from women truck drivers. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了日本第一位女性卡车司机Watanabe的从业经历和日本货运物流领域女性从业人员的情况。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Mayumi Watanabe tells people what she does for a living, most people widen their eyes in disbelief, not just because she is quite tiny. “I can see they’re thinking, ‘How can such a tiny woman drive a big truck? ’ ” Watanabe, who is 152 cm tall, said as she prepared for the busy run-up to be a truck driver. (当Mayumi Watanabe告诉别人她的工作时，大多数人都会睁大眼睛，不相信，不仅仅是因为她个子很小。‘我能看出他们在想：这么娇小的女人怎么能开大卡车呢？’152厘米高的Watanabe在准备忙着去做卡车司机时说道)”可知，Watanabe是娇小的女性，但她是卡车司机，这原本是男性主导的职业。所以当人们得知Watanabe的工作是卡车司机时，大多数人都会感到惊讶，因为Watanabe出现在以男性为主的职业中。故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Figuring out routes in the days before E-maps was not the only aspect of the job with which she struggled. Expressway truck stops did not have women’s toilets, and heavy-vehicle cabs appeared to have been designed entirely with male drivers in mind.(在电子地图出现之前，弄清楚路线并不是她努力工作的唯一方面。 高速公路上的卡车停靠站没有女厕所，而且重型车辆的驾驶室似乎完全是为男性司机设计的)”可知，Watanabe在日常工作中要努力适应不舒服的工作环境。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Japan’s $300 bn freight and logistics (货运和物流) field is looking to women to address what industry insiders believe could be disastrous changes in the aging labour market.(日本3000亿美元的货运和物流领域正在寻求女性来解决业内人士认为可能是劳动力市场老龄化所带来的灾难性变化)”可知，日本货运和物流领域正在寻求女性来解决劳动力市场老龄化所带来的问题，由此可推知，女性在日本货运和物流行业中的意义在于她们有助于缓解劳动力短缺的问题。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“In the two decades that Watanabe, 43, has been driving trucks around her company’s base in Fukui, toilet facilities have improved, while improved seat design and steering (操纵) technology have made her job much easier. With more women driving large trucks, companies are starting to customize their vehicles to better suit them, including fitting cabs with curtains to give the drivers more privacy during rest breaks.(43岁的Watanabe在过去的二十年里一直在福井的公司基地周围开卡车，那里的厕所设施得到了改善，同时座椅设计和驾驶技术的改进也让她的工作变得更加轻松。随着越来越多的女性驾驶大型卡车，公司开始定制车辆以更好地适应她们，包括在驾驶室安装窗帘，以便司机在休息时有更多的隐私)”可知，本段主要讲述了在越来越多的女性加入卡车司机行列后，卡车行业所做出的积极改变，如厕所设施的改善、座椅设计和驾驶技术的改进以及公司开始定制车辆以适应女性司机等。所以本段主要讲述的是卡车运输业的积极变化。故选C项。 C On the beaches, in the deepest reaches of the backcountry — even nearly 100 feet underwater, the noise of navy training jets (喷气式飞机) is unbearable for people and even endangered southern residents — tiger whales, a new scientific research shows. In a paper published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, scientists reported an underwater microphone fixed in nearly 100 feet of water offshore of the runway at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Washington, clearly picked up the sound of the jets, at levels known to affect tiger whales’ behaviour. “To the tiger whales at that depth, the noise is about as loud as a ship 650 feet away,” said Rob Williams, lead scientist and an author on the paper. Tiger whales use sound to find food, so underwater noise can affect their ability to get enough to eat. Lauren Kuehne, lead author on the paper, said she was surprised at just how clear the jet noise was even deep underwater, showing the noise easily spreads to depths where Chinook Salmon, the tiger whales’primary prey (猎物) , are often found. “Mentally I was prepared for noise, but not for that; it was clear as a bell. It has given me a whole new appreciation. We don’t use our ears the way animals do. For them, it is life and death,” said Kuehne. The number and duration of daily overflights, the team stressed, also outnumber those in a majority of studies that have dug into the impacts of noise from military aircraft, worldwide. Williams said the study demolishes the assumption that the noise of the jets doesn’t travel underwater. “The original understanding is that the noise is going to bounce off the ocean,” Williams said. “Here we show it doesn't. The sound goes underwater. We have shown that it is noisy, and noisy enough to require paying attention to.” 8 How did researchers confirm the effect of the noise on tiger whales? A. By adjusting the sound of jets. B. By collecting noise underwater. C. By observing tiger whales’ behaviour. D. By picking up tiger whales’ brainwaves. 9. Why is underwater noise dangerous to tiger whales? A. It scares off their natural prey. B. It affects their hunting activity. C. It destroys their sense of hearing. D. It makes them nervous underwater. 10. What does the underlined word “demolishes” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Overturns. B. Updates. C. Explains. D. Justifies. 11. What’s the best title for the text? A. Irregular Airplane Noise B. Underwater Species Protection C. Unknown Underwater Sound D. Non-ignorable Undersea Annoyance 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了水下噪音对虎鲸的影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In a paper published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, scientists reported an underwater microphone fixed in nearly 100 feet of water offshore of the runway at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Washington, clearly picked up the sound of the jets, at levels known to affect tiger whales’ behaviour. “To the tiger whales at that depth, the noise is about as loud as a ship 650 feet away,” said Rob Williams, lead scientist and an author on the paper. ”（在《海洋科学与工程杂志》上发表的一篇论文中，科学家们报告说，在华盛顿惠德贝岛海军航空站跑道离岸近100英尺的水中，安装了一个水下麦克风，清楚地捕捉到了喷气式飞机的声音，这种声音的水平已知会影响虎鲸的行为。“对于那个深度的虎鲸来说，噪音大约和650英尺外的船只一样大，”该论文的首席科学家和作者罗布·威廉姆斯说。）可知，研究人员通过放置水下麦克风收集水下噪音来确认噪音对虎鲸的影响。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Tiger whales use sound to find food, so underwater noise can affect their ability to get enough to eat.”（虎鲸用声音来寻找食物，所以水下的噪音会影响它们获得足够食物的能力。）可知，水下的噪音会影响虎鲸获得足够食物的能力，从而影响它们的捕猎活动，故而对它们很危险。故选B项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Williams said the study demolishes the assumption that the noise of the jets doesn’t travel underwater. “The original understanding is that the noise is going to bounce off the ocean,” Williams said. “Here we show it doesn't. The sound goes underwater. We have shown that it is noisy, and noisy enough to require paying attention to.””（威廉姆斯说，这项研究demolishes喷气式飞机的噪音不会在水下传播的假设。“最初的理解是，噪音会从海洋中反弹，”威廉姆斯说。“在这里，我们证明它不是。声音在水下传播。我们已经证明它很吵，吵到需要引起注意。”）可知，之前的假设认为噪音会从海洋中反弹，即噪音不会在水下传播，但这项研究证明噪音会在水下传播，说明这项研究推翻了之前的假设。故demolishes表示“推翻”。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“On the beaches, in the deepest reaches of the backcountry — even nearly 100 feet underwater, the noise of navy training jets is unbearable for people and even endangered southern residents — tiger whales, a new scientific research shows. ”（一项新的科学研究表明，在海滩上，在偏远地区的最深处——甚至在水下近100英尺处，海军训练的喷气式飞机的噪音对人们甚至是濒临灭绝的南部居民虎鲸来说都是难以忍受的。）及最后一段“We have shown that it is noisy, and noisy enough to require paying attention to.”（我们已经证明了它是嘈杂的，并且嘈杂到需要引起注意。）并结合研究证明水下噪音对虎鲸的影响可知，本文主要介绍了喷气式飞机的噪音会在水下传播，并提醒我们要对水下噪音引起重视。故D项“不可忽视的海底烦恼”可概括文章主旨。故选D项。 D Ever since Neil Alden Armstrong took one small step onto the moon, moon dust has proved to be a messy problem for astronauts, gathering on their spacesuits and being difficult to clean off. Scientists have come up with a new solution to this problem. For their experiment, researchers dressed Barbie dolls in spacesuits constructed of materials similar to what NASA uses. Then they covered the spacesuits these dolls wore with a moon dust replacement — volcanic ash, collected from the 1980 eruption of nearby Mount Saint Helens in America, which is similar to moon dust. Then the team sprayed (喷) the dolls with liquid nitrogen (氮) to test how well liquid nitrogen could remove moon dust from the spacesuits. They found that spraying the spacesuit-wearing dolls with liquid nitrogen not only removed more than 98% of the moon dust replacement but also caused little to no damage to the spacesuit material. This proved to be a better solution than the traditional method: Apollo programme astronauts would use brushes to wipe off moon dust from their spacesuits, which would eventually severely damage the material. Not only is moon dust annoyingly clingy (黏附的) , but coming into contact with it can prove harmful to human cells and can lead to an illness that causes watery eyes, a sore throat and sneezing. “Moon dust is harmful, and it gets everywhere,” said Ian Wells, head of the research team. “It can work its way into spacesuits and make them unusable. It can also have a negative impact on astronauts’ lungs. That’s not exactly something astronauts would want to deal with while conducting an already risky mission to the moon.” Ian Wells’s team presented their findings to NASA as part of their upcoming mission to the moon and they won the space agency’s Breakthrough, Innovative and Game-Changing (BIG) Idea Challenge. “We used the doll primarily because it’s a one-sixth-scale person,” Wells said. “However, it was also chosen as the Artemis mission, aiming to send the first woman to the moon.” 12. What’s the new solution to the moon dust on spacesuits? A. Wiping it off with brushes. B. Changing the material of spacesuits. C. Covering spacesuits with volcanic ash. D. Spraying liquid nitrogen on spacesuits. 13. Why is the new moon dust removal method better than the traditional one? A It costs much less. B. It uses devices easier to carry. C. It almost does no harm to spacesuits. D. It is friendlier to the space environment. 14. What does paragraph 4 want to stress concerning moon dust? A. Its research value. B. Its severe harmfulness. C. Its physical feature. D. Its formation process. 15. What might be NASA’s attitude towards Wells’ team’s findings? A. Uncaring. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Supportive. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家针对宇航员太空服上月尘难以清理的问题提出了一种新的解决方案，并说明了这种新方法比传统方法更优越的原因，以及月尘对宇航员的危害。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Then the team sprayed (喷) the dolls with liquid nitrogen (氮) to test how well liquid nitrogen could remove moon dust from the spacesuits.(然后，研究小组向这些玩偶喷洒液态氮，以测试液态氮清除太空服上月尘的效果如何。)”和第三段中“They found that spraying the spacesuit-wearing dolls with liquid nitrogen not only removed more than 98% of the moon dust replacement but also caused little to no damage to the spacesuit material.(他们发现，向穿着太空服的玩偶喷洒液态氮不仅能清除98%以上的月尘替代品，而且对太空服材料几乎没有造成任何损害。)”可知，新的解决方案是在太空服上喷洒液态氮。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This proved to be a better solution than the traditional method: Apollo programme astronauts would use brushes to wipe off moon dust from their spacesuits, which would eventually severely damage the material.(这证明是一个比传统方法更好的解决方案：阿波罗计划的宇航员会用刷子擦掉太空服上的月尘，这最终会严重损坏材料。)”可知，新的月尘清理方法比传统方法更好是因为它几乎不会对太空服造成损害。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Not only is moon dust annoyingly clingy (黏附的), but coming into contact with it can prove harmful to human cells and can lead to an illness that causes watery eyes, a sore throat and sneezing.(月尘不仅令人讨厌地粘附，而且与之接触可能对人体细胞有害，并可能导致一种引起流泪、喉咙痛和打喷嚏的疾病。)”可知，本段主要强调月尘的严重危害性。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ian Wells’s team presented their findings to NASA as part of their upcoming mission to the moon and they won the space agency’s Breakthrough, Innovative and Game-Changing (BIG) Idea Challenge.(Ian Wells的团队将他们的发现提交给NASA，作为他们即将执行的登月任务的一部分，并赢得了NASA的突破性、创新性和改变游戏规则(BIG)创意挑战奖。)”可知，NASA授予了Ian Wells团队的发现创意挑战奖，说明持NASA对其持支持态度。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When it comes to work, every one of us could be under pressure such as tight deadlines, busy work schedules, low salaries, etc. ___16___ But don’t worry. The following ways may help you deal with them in the workplace without making you crazy. Build your self-confidence. A successful person is the one who does not let one failure stop him or her from moving forward. Therefore, do not feel down when you are facing a failure in the workplace. ___17___ You should always believe in yourself and give yourself a second chance. Do not fear gossip (流言蜚语). ___18___ For that, some people may gossip about you. Don’t be upset. Just ignore what they say about your failures because there are some people who try to make others feel down even though they make thousands of mistakes themselves. What you need to do is learn from your mistakes. ___19___ You have to face failures when you fail to meet your promises. Therefore, whether it is your boss or your customers, do not promise the things that you cannot complete within the given time. However, give them the assurance that you will try your best to solve the problem as soon as possible. Treat each failure as an opportunity. Learn to admit your shortcomings, as this is the only way that you can avoid being affected by failures. Treat the failure as an opportunity that is given to you to adjust your style of working. ___20___ A. Promise what you can deliver. B. Cheer up, learn from it and move forward. C. And sometimes, you may even face failures or criticism. D. You may have been criticized by your leader for your mistakes. E. Listen to their experiences and learn how they handled their failures. F. And keep in mind that every failure teaches you to become a better person. G. If you are unable to complete a project, find out the reasons behind the failure. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍如何在职场中应对压力、失败和流言蜚语，以保持积极的心态和高效的工作状态。 【16题详解】 空前“When it comes to work, every one of us could be under pressure such as tight deadlines, busy work schedules, low salaries, etc.(说到工作，我们每个人都可能面临压力，比如紧迫的截止日期、繁忙的工作日程、低工资等等。)”提到了我们在工作中可能面对的压力的来源，空格处应该补充说明还有什么压力的来源，C选项“And sometimes, you may even face failures or criticism.(有时，你甚至可能面临失败或批评。)”说明了压力的来源可能是失败或批评，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 空前“A successful person is the one who does not let one failure stop him or her from moving forward. Therefore, do not feel down when you are facing a failure in the workplace.(成功的人是不会让一次失败阻止自己前进的人。因此，当你在职场面临失败时，不要感到沮丧。)”说明不要因为一次失败而沮丧，空格处应该说正确的做法是什么，B选项“Cheer up, learn from it and move forward.(振作起来，从中吸取教训，继续前进。)”说明了要从失败中吸取教训，继续前进，其中的it指代的是前面的a failure，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 空后“For that, some people may gossip about you.(因此，有些人可能会说你的闲话。)”说明因为空前所说的事情，有些人可能会说你的闲话，空格处应该讲到可能引起人说闲话的事情，D选项“You may have been criticized by your leader for your mistakes.(你可能因为自己的错误而受到领导的批评。)”说明自己可能会受到领导的批评，这是一种可能引起人说闲话的事情，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 【19题详解】 空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“You have to face failures when you fail to meet your promises. Therefore, whether it is your boss or your customers, do not promise the things that you cannot complete within the given time.(当你无法实现你的承诺时，你必须面对失败。因此，无论是你的老板还是你的客户，都不要承诺在规定时间内完成不了的事情。)”说明了不要承诺自己在规定时间内完成不了的事情，A选项“Promise what you can deliver.(承诺你能做到的。)”说明了要承诺自己能做到的，概括了本段主要内容，可作为本段主题句，故选A。 【20题详解】 空前“Treat the failure as an opportunity that is given to you to adjust your style of working.(把失败看作是给你调整工作方式的机会。)”说明了要如何看待失败，F选项“And keep in mind that every failure teaches you to become a better person.(记住，每一次失败都教你成为一个更好的人。)”也是对失败的正确看法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Some time ago, I decided to do a “Moonwalk Marathon” for charity. In the hours before midnight, with ___21___ music, energetic warm-up activities and enthusiastic organisers exciting the crowds, groups of friends ___22___ and prepared for 10-hour walks through the streets. The good news was that I’d trained, gradually ___23___ the length of my walks before the event. I had comfortable walking shoes. I had full ___24___ that I could properly deal with the physical demands ahead. But I was to discover that it was the mental ___25___ that were the most difficult. With thousands of people around, I didn’t have a (n) ___26___ to talk to. All of these made a very ___27___ and lonely 10-hour walk. By 5 am, I was extremely ___28___ . The only thing I had to keep me taking one step after another towards the ___29___ was my own thoughts. My “Moonwalk” experience taught me that while it could be ____30____ to have people around to coach and ____31____ you when you are feeling like giving up, the only person with you is yourself. You will encounter various kinds of difficulties in life, so you must train yourself to face the difficulties ____32____ . By the way, I did ____33____ the “Moonwalk Marathon”. When I ____34____ my medal, I felt a huge sense of achievement. I realized that one’s mindset could be so different between giving up and ____35____ your goals. 21. A. inspiring B. comforting C. classical D. light 22. A. called up B. held up C. looked up D. met up 23. A. shortening B. limiting C. determining D. increasing 24. A. function B. confidence C. satisfaction D. promise 25. A. ages B. conflicts C. requirements D. benefits 26. A. stranger B. partner C. competitor D. neighbour 27. A. heartbreaking B. wild C. challenging D. proper 28. A. bored B. delighted C. hesitant D. tired 29. A. finish B. passage C. audience D. exit 30. A. safe B. helpful C. unique D. tough 31. A. attract B. ignore C. support D. respect 32. A. regularly B. definitely C. understandingly D. independently 33. A. change B. complete C. choose D. miss 34. A. picked up B. accounted for C. put up D. hoped for 35. A. achieving B. setting C. adjusting D. seeking 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加慈善活动“月光行走马拉松”的亲身经历和感受，并从中领悟到面对困难要依靠自己的道理。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在午夜前的几个小时里，鼓舞人心的音乐、充满活力的热身活动和热情的组织者激发了人群的热情。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. comforting安慰的；C. classical古典的；D. light轻的。根据下文“energetic warm-up activities”和“exciting the crowds”可推知，激发了人群的热情需要鼓舞人心的音乐和充满活力的热身活动。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一群朋友聚在一起，准备在街道上走10个小时。A. called up打电话；B. held up举起，耽搁；C. looked up查阅；D. met up聚会，相约见面。根据上文“groups of friends”和下文“prepared for 10-hour walks through the streets”可知，一群朋友们聚在一起，准备参加马拉松。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：好消息是，我已经训练过了，在比赛前逐渐增加了我行走的长度。A. shortening缩短；B. limiting限制；C. determining决定；D. increasing增加。根据上文“I’d trained”和下文“the length of my walks before the event”可知，作者在比赛前进行了训练，逐渐增加行走的长度。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有充分的信心，我能够妥善应对即将到来的对身体上的要求。A. function功能；B. confidence信心；C. satisfaction满意；D. promise承诺。根据下文“I could properly deal with the physical demands ahead”可知，作者对自己能够应对接下来的身体挑战充满信心。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我发现，最难的是精神上的要求。A. ages年龄；B. conflicts冲突；C. requirements要求；D. benefits好处。根据上文“I had full ____ that I could properly deal with the physical demands ahead”和“But I was to discover...”可推知，作者对自己的体能有信心，但发现最难的是精神上的要求。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：周围有成千上万的人，我没有一个可以交谈的伙伴。A. stranger陌生人；B. partner伙伴；C. competitor竞争者；D. neighbour邻居。根据下文“All of these made a very ____ and lonely 10-hour walk.”可推知，大家都是独自前行，没有可以交谈的伙伴。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有这些都让我经历了一个非常具有挑战性且孤独的10小时步行。A. heartbreaking令人心碎的；B. wild狂野的；C. challenging具有挑战性的；D. proper适当的。根据上文“I didn’t have a(n) 6 to talk to”和下文“lonely 10-hour walk”可推知，这次整整10小时的孤独步行对作者来说很有挑战性。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到凌晨5点，我极其疲惫。A. bored无聊的；B. delighted高兴的；C. hesitant犹豫的；D. tired疲惫的。根据上文“By 5 am”和下文“The only thing I had to keep me taking one step after another”可知，作者走到了凌晨5点，此时感到极其疲惫。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一能让我一步一步走向终点的就是我自己的思想。A. finish终点；B. passage通道；C. audience观众；D. exit出口。根据第一段中“I decided to do a “Moonwalk Marathon” for charity.”和“keep me taking one step after another towards”可知，作者一步一步走向“月光行走马拉松”的终点。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的“月光行走”经历告诉我，当你想要放弃的时候，周围有人指导你、支持你，这很有帮助，但唯一和你在一起的人是你自己。A. safe安全的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. unique独特的；D. tough艰苦的。根据下文“have people around to coach and ____ you when you are feeling like giving up”可知，在要放弃时有人指导和帮助是很有帮助的。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的“月光行走”经历告诉我，当你想要放弃的时候，周围有人指导你、支持你，这很有帮助，但唯一和你在一起的人是你自己。A. attract吸引；B. ignore忽视；C. support支持；D. respect尊重。与“coach”并列，结合“when you are feeling like giving up”可推知，在要放弃时有人指导和支持。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你在生活中会遇到各种各样的困难，所以你必须训练自己独立面对困难。A. regularly定期地；B. definitely明确地；C. understandingly理解地；D. independently独立地。根据上文“the only person with you is yourself”强调了自己才是关键，所以要学会独立面对困难。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：顺便说一下，我完成了“月光行走马拉松”。A. change改变；B. complete完成；C. choose选择；D. miss错过。根据下文“When I ____ my medal, I felt a huge sense of achievement”可知，作者完成了“月光行走马拉松”并获得了奖牌。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我拿起奖牌时，我感到巨大的成就感。A. picked up拿起；B. accounted for说明（原因等）；C. put up张贴；D. hoped for希望。根据“my medal”和“I felt a huge sense of achievement”可推知，作者拿起奖牌时感到很有成就感。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，在放弃和实现目标之间，一个人的心态可能会有很大的不同。A. achieving实现；B. setting设置；C. adjusting调整；D. seeking寻求。根据上文“I realized that one’s mindset could be so different between giving up and”可推知，作者意识到放弃和实现目标之间心态的重要性。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has seen a huge rise in vegetable prices this summer. The average wholesale price for 28 vegetables ___36___ (track) by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs rose from 4.29 yuan to 6 yuan per kilogram from June 17 to August 15, representing ___37___ increase of 39.9 per cent within the two-month period. Experts put the increases down to weather-related ___38___ (factor), stating that such forces typically come into play during the summer months each year. Vegetable prices generally start to rise from mid-June and reach their peak in early September, mainly due ___39___ high temperatures and frequent rainfall. So far, many regions in China ___40___ (affect) by heavy rainfall and thunderstorms, leading to a decrease in vegetable production. As a result, the supply of certain vegetables in the market has been intense, ___41___ leads to price rises. Vegetable price swings have urged some cities to take action. In Shanghai, the city is ___42___ (active) transporting vegetables from other provinces and cities to meet local demands. At the same time, efforts are being made ___43___ (speed) up the harvesting and replenishment (补给) of locally grown vegetables. ___44___ (look) ahead, experts believe that although the vegetable prices might continue their ___45___ (season) rises in the short term, the potential for further increases is limited. 【答案】36. tracked 37. an 38. factors 39. to 40. have been affected 41. which 42. actively 43. to speed 44. Looking 45. seasonal 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述的是今年夏天中国蔬菜价格大幅上涨的现象、原因、影响以及应对措施。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从6月17日到8月15日，农业农村部追踪的28种蔬菜的平均批发价格从每公斤4.29元上涨到6元，在两个月内上涨了39.9%。句中谓语是rose，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填tracked。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：从6月17日到8月15日，农业农村部追踪的28种蔬菜的平均批发价格从每公斤4.29元上涨到6元，在两个月内上涨了39.9%。increase是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，increase是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 【38题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：专家将这种增加归结为与天气有关的因素，指出这种力量通常在每年的夏季发挥作用。factor是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填factors。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：蔬菜价格通常从6月中旬开始上涨，并在9月初达到峰值，主要原因是高温和频繁降雨。due to是固定短语，意为“因为，由于”，因此空格处用介词to，故填to。 【40题详解】 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国许多地区受到强降雨和雷暴的影响，导致蔬菜产量下降。由So far可知，句子时态是现在完成时，由by可知，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done，主语many regions是复数。故填have been affected。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：因此，市场上某些蔬菜供应紧张，导致价格上涨。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：在上海，该市正积极从其他省市运输蔬菜以满足当地需求。空格处用副词修饰动词transporting，active的副词是actively，意为“积极地”，故填actively。 【43题详解】 考查不定式。句意：与此同时，正在努力加快当地种植蔬菜的收获和补充。make efforts to do sth.是固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，句子是用的被动语态，因此空格处用不定式to speed，故填to speed。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：展望未来，专家认为，虽然蔬菜价格短期内可能会继续季节性上涨，但进一步上涨的潜力有限。句中谓语是believe，空格处用非谓语动词，experts和look之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语。位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Looking。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：展望未来，专家认为，虽然蔬菜价格短期内可能会继续季节性上涨，但进一步上涨的潜力有限。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词rises，season的形容词是seasonal，意为“季节性的”。故填seasonal。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，下个月你将参加你校举办的以“Environmental Protection”为主题的英文演讲比赛。请给你的外教Mr Smith写一封邮件求助，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 求助内容； 3. 表达谢意。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：演讲稿 speech script Dear Mr Smith, How are you doing these days? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Mr Smith, How are you doing these days? My name is Li Hua, one of your students. Next month, our school will hold an English speech contest on the theme of “Environmental Protection”. I decided to take part in the competition. I am wondering if you could tell me some insightful thoughts or opinions about environmental protection that are not well known or discussed. And would you please polish my speech for me, ensuring that it flows smoothly and effectively conveys my message. Thank you very much for your consideration and support. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Mr Smith写一封邮件求助，请他为你将参加的学校举办的以“Environmental Protection”为主题的英文演讲比赛提供帮助。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host 比赛：contest→competition 确保：ensure→guarantee 参加：take part in→participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Next month, our school will hold an English speech contest on the theme of “Environmental Protection”. 拓展句：Next month, our school will hold an English speech contest, the theme of which is “Environmental Protection”. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am wondering if you could tell me some insightful thoughts or opinions about environmental protection that are not well known or discussed. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句和if引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] And would you please polish my speech for me, ensuring that it flows smoothly and effectively conveys my message. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer vacation, I worked as a part-time waiter in a restaurant for the first time. It was challenging for me to adapt to the fast-paced work and communicate with strangers at first. Nevertheless, I was determined to provide customers with good service. One day, a man and his son came in and spent a very long time looking through the menu. Eventually, the father called me over and started asking me about the ingredients (配料) because his son was allergic (过敏的) . Then the boy handed me a card that listed all the things he was allergic to. It was a lot. I couldn't remember all exactly, but I knew eggs and pork were on the list, as well as a couple of ingredients, like pepper. I asked to borrow the card so I could make a check. He agreed, and off I went. It turned out that a lot of our ingredients and sauces used at least one thing the boy was allergic to, and the allergy to pork took over half our menu options away on its own. Despite being awfully busy, I spent nearly fifteen minutes checking basically everything on the list. The father seemed pretty surprised that I was going out of my way to figure this out. Finally, I did figure out what I could do to serve the boy. Because he had an allergy to meat, I washed every piece of the cutting board carefully and wiped the table as pork oil was everywhere. When I finally placed their dishes on the table, I felt proud of myself for getting everything right. However, that feeling was short-lived. Shortly after they started eating, while I was cleaning the table behind them, I overheard the little boy saying he was feeling uncomfortable all over and was starting to break out in hives (荨麻疹) . That was when I was shocked by the terrible realization — I forgot to tell the chef not to put pepper in the dishes! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I immediately dropped what I was doing to apologise and offer help. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unexpectedly, the father came to our restaurant the next day, letter in hand. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I immediately dropped what I was doing to apologise and offer help. I rushed to their table, my heart pounding with guilt. The father, understanding the situation, calmly assured me it wasn’t entirely my fault but urged me to inform the kitchen staff immediately. I did as instructed, ensuring the boy was given prompt medical attention. Luckily, his condition stabilized soon after. The restaurant manager also stepped in to offer them a complimentary meal for the inconvenience caused, and they appreciated our prompt response and care. Unexpectedly, the father came to our restaurant the next day, letter in hand. He handed me an envelope. Inside was a heartfelt thank-you note expressing his gratitude for how we handled the situation. He mentioned that despite the mishap, our swift action left a lasting impression. Attached to the note was a small gift card as a token of their appreciation. This experience taught me a valuable lesson in attention to detail and the importance of clear communication in the service industry. It also reminded me that sometimes, mistakes can lead to unexpected kindness and understanding. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了去年暑假，作者首次在餐馆兼职做服务员，努力适应快节奏工作和服务陌生人。一日，服务一对父子时，因男孩过敏，作者仔细核查食材却遗漏了胡椒，导致男孩出现不适。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我立即放下手头的工作，向他道歉并提供帮助。”可知，第一段可描写在孩子父亲的指示下，情况得到及时的处理。 ②由第二段首句内容“出乎意料的是，第二天，这位父亲手里拿着信来到了我们的餐馆。”可知，第二段可描写孩子父亲送来感谢信和礼品卡，这件事让作者有了新的感悟。 2.续写线索：作者表达歉意——问题得到及时处理——餐厅提供免费的餐点并得到谅解——孩子父亲送来感谢信和礼品卡——作者有了新的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①停止：drop/stop ②提供帮助：offer help/give a hand/provide help ③确保：ensure/guarantee/make sure 情绪类 ①幸运地：luckily/fortunately ②诚挚的：heartfelt/sincere 【点睛】[高分句型1] The father, understanding the situation, calmly assured me it wasn’t entirely my fault but urged me to inform the kitchen staff immediately.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语和省略连词that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] He mentioned that despite the mishap, our swift action left a lasting impression.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $