Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas （教用Word）-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修2同步练测（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas [对应学生用书第74页] Ⅰ.重点单词 ►基础单词 1．mount v.　　　 走上，登上 2．civil adj. 公民的，国民的 3．civilian adj. 平民的；百姓的 4．liberty n. 自由 5．altogether adv. 完全 ►拓展单词 1．divide v．分开→division n．分歧，分裂 2．noble adj.崇高的，高尚的→nobly adv.高尚地，崇高地 3．influence v．&n.影响→influential adj.有影响力的 4．communist adj.共产主义的→communism n．共产主义 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．in memory of 为了纪念…… 2．at that time 当时，那时 3．take place 发生；举行 4．set down 写下；放下 5．step by step 一步一步地 6．bring forth 使产生，使出现 7．be engaged in 忙于 8．in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说 9．carry on 继续；坚持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等) 10．in vain 白白地 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 1．slave n. 奴隶 2．dedicate v. 致力于，献身于 3．endure v. 持续存在 4．battlefield n. 战场 5．portion n. 一部分 Ⅳ.重点句型 1．He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before. 他给予了美国人民一个新的愿景，那就是依照87年前开国元勋的理念，美利坚合众国本应成为的样子。 2．Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind． 现在，责任落到了生者身上，不仅要消除南北之间的分歧，还要打破黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步朝着实现人类平等而努力。 3．Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal． 87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新的国家，它孕育于自由之中，献身于人人生而平等的理想。 4．Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure． 当下我们正深陷于一场大规模的内战之中，它考验着这个国家，或者任何一个生于自由、对上述理想深信不疑的国家，能否长久生存下去。 5．Although Snow was not the only international journalist to set foot in China during the early decades of the 20th century, what set him apart from the others was that he actually spent time with the Chinese Red Army. 尽管斯诺不是20世纪初唯一一位踏足中国的国际记者，但他与其他人的不同之处在于，他确实与中国红军共事过。 [对应学生用书第76页] [整体理解] Ⅰ.Scan the text and find out the main idea of the text. The passage is mainly about the speech of Abraham Lincoln in Gettysburg that changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation． Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answers. 1．Why did Lincoln give this speech? A．To help shape a nation. B．In memory of the soldiers who had died． C．To help people in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania． D．In memory of the people who had died in his hometown. 2．What was the central point of Lincoln's speech? A．Helping the living. B．The reason why the soldiers died． C．The gradual realization of human equality. D．A new vision for the United States of America． 3．According to the speech, what was the best for the living? A．Devotion to the freedom. B．Fighting for the dead． C．Helping the government. D．Devotion to our property. 4．What did the writer think of the speech by Lincoln according to the passage? A．Hopeful and sorrowful. B．Ideal and practical. C．Outdated and helpful. D．Conservative and optimistic． 答案　1－4　BCAB Ⅲ.Fill in the blanks according to the text. In 1863, in Gettysburg, Abraham Lincoln gave the famous address 1.to the crowd in memory of the soldiers who had died for the country.The place was the site of a recent battle where thousands of soldiers 2.had died(die).His address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation.At a great cost the Union side won in the civil war, but the people 3.lost(lose)hope and purpose.Lincoln's speech was full of hope and 4.belief(believe)to the future.He gave them a new vision of 5.what the United States of America should be, 6.based(base)on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.Now it was up to the living 7.to remove(remove)not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, 8.testing(test)whether that nation, or any nation, can long endure.We have come to dedicate a portion as a final resting place for those 9.who here gave their lives that that nation might live.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task 10.remaining(remain)before us. [对应学生用书第77页] [核心词汇] 1．division n．分歧，分裂 (教材P58)Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind． 现在，责任落到了生者身上，不仅要消除南北之间的分歧，还要打破黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步朝着实现人类平等而努力。 [归纳拓展] divide v.　　　　　　　　　　　 分割；划分；分配 divide…into… 把……分成…… divide…from… 把……与……隔开 divide sth.between/among sb． 把某物分配给某人 divide A by B A除以B，用B除A All expenses are to be equally divided between you and me. 所有费用由你我平分。 In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice speaking English in an interesting way.在课堂上我会把学生分成小组，并用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①The decision reportedly caused the division(divide)between the two women. ②The class are divided into several smaller groups to talk about different parts of the subject. ③Divided(divide)into four groups, the whole class began to discuss the topic． (2)单句写作 ④上大学时，他把时间分为学习和筹款。 At university, he divided his time between studying and fundraising． 2．bring forth使产生，使出现 (教材P59)Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新的国家，它孕育于自由之中，献身于人人生而平等的理想。 [归纳拓展] bring about　　　　 引起；产生；导致；带来 bring back 使恢复；带回；使想起 bring down 让……降下来；使倒下 bring in 引入；赚(钱) bring out 使显现出；阐明；出版；生产 bring up 培养；抚养；养育；教育；提出；呕吐 Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world． 有人担心空气污染会造成全世界气候的变化。 Bearing a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children. 肩负重担，她必须努力工作抚养孩子。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①What brought about the change in his attitude? ②The firm decided to bring in a new management team. ③The publishing house has brought out a new edition of the dictionary. (2)英译汉 ④The chairman brought up an idea at the meeting that children who bring up what they eat need to be specially brought up. 主席在会议上提出一个想法：那些把他们所吃的都吐出来的孩子需要特别地抚养。 3．in vain白白地 (教材P60)…that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain… ……我们在这里下最大的决心，不让逝者白白失去生命…… [归纳拓展] (1)vain adj.　　　　　 虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的 vain attempt/effort 徒劳的尝试/付出 (2)vainly adv. 徒劳地；不成功地；白费力地 She closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the tears. 她紧闭双眼，却无法忍住眼泪。 He shouted after them, vainly trying to attract their attention. 他在他们后面高喊，试图引起他们的注意，却是徒劳。 [名师点津] in vain在句中常作表语和状语。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①My efforts to come to a settlement were ended in vain. ②The instructor struggled vainly(vain)to open his parachute. (2)单句写作 ③我非常努力地寻找该问题的解决方法，但是毫无结果。 I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain． 4．influential adj.有影响力的 (教材P62)Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s. 埃德加·斯诺是一位美国记者，他在20世纪30年代写过关于中国的有影响力的书籍和文章。 [归纳拓展] influence n.　　　　　　　　 影响，作用，感化力；势力 v. 影响，对……起作用 have an influence on/upon 对……产生影响 under the influence of 在……的影响下 The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences. 这次展览的上座率创下了纪录，表明人们对中国的影响有着浓厚的兴趣。 He had a beneficial influence on the development of the company. 他对公司的发展起到了有益的作用。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①She is one of the most influential(influence) figures in local politics. ②The heroic deeds had a great influence on/upon me. (2)一句多译 他在朋友的影响下献身教育。 ③He devoted himself to teaching under the influence of his friend．(influence n．) ④Influenced by his friend, he devoted himself to teaching.(influence v．) [重点句型] 1．what引导宾语从句 (教材P58)He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before. 他给予了美国人民一个新的愿景，那就是依照87年前开国元勋的理念，美利坚合众国本应成为的样子。 [句式剖析] what the United States of America should be是由what引导的宾语从句。 [归纳拓展] what引导的名词性从句相当于名词，可作主语、宾语、表语，其本身在从句中也充当一个成分，如主语、宾语、表语或定语。 What puzzles Lily's friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas. 令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。 As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time, the reality of my day­to­day work at the insurance company became harder. 当我越来越清楚地意识到时尚是我全职想要做的事情时，我在保险公司的日常工作变得更加困难。 [名师点津] 引导名词性从句时what与that的区别： what既起引导作用，又充当句子成分，相当于“the thing(s)that”；that只起引导作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，且在宾语从句中可省略。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. ②It was a pity that his ideas didn't gain popular support. ③You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. (2)单句写作 ④记者记下老人说的话就走了。 The reporter set down what the old man said and left. (教材P62)Although Snow was not the only international journalist to set foot in China during the early decades of the 20th century, what set him apart from the others was that he actually spent time with the Chinese Red Army. 尽管斯诺不是20世纪初唯一一位踏足中国的国际记者，但他与其他人的不同之处在于，他确实与中国红军共事过。 [句式剖析] 不定式短语to set foot in China during the early decades of the 20th century作定语，修饰the only international journalist。 [归纳拓展] (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级以及the next、the only、the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 (2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability、way、chance、ambition、offer、anxiety、answer、reply、attempt、belief等。 (3)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。 He studied hard and at last he had a chance to go abroad． 他努力学习，终于有了出国的机会。 Yang Qian was the first athlete to win the gold medal in Tokyo Olympics. 杨倩是第一个在东京奥运会上赢得金牌的运动员。 Mr.Li bought a comfortable flat to live in. 李先生买了一套舒适的公寓住。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Miss Brown was the next person to rise(rise)to speak. ②He is always the first to bear(bear)hardships and the last to enjoy(enjoy)comforts. (2)单句写作 ③我儿子高兴地对我说他是他们班第三个完成作业并且唯一得满分的人。 My son told me gladly that he was the third person to finish his homework and the only one to get full marks in their class． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$