10.AI的新发展及对生活与就业等的影响-2025年高考英语一轮复习阅读热点话题

10.AI的新发展及对生活与就业等的影响 一、阅读理解 1 Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed (超出) just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI’s latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into video with good visual quality while completely following your content instructions. Sora is said to be better than many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios (屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content in lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user’s requests. Apart from this, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is surprising. Sora can create detailed scenes with several characters, specific types of motion, and accurate subject and background details. Beyond the user’s requests, it also understands how these elements exist in the real world. For example, reflections in the water change as a woman walks by. However, the current model isn’t perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated scene and might not get how one action leads to another. For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it’s been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order. One possible reason is that Sora learns each basic unit of a video, known as a spacetime patch (时空补丁), independently. Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora’s system in order to test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will help OpenAI to improve the model to better serve creative professionals. 1．What is the main focus of paragraph 2 and 3? A．Sora’s strengths. B．Sora’s weaknesses. C．Sora’s development. D．Sora’s popularity. 2．Why does the author provide the example in paragraph 4? A．To show Sora’s safety problems. B．To show Sora’s existing weaknesses. C．To show Sora’s perfect performance. D．To explain the concept of a spacetime patch. 3．What can we know about Sora up to now? A．It is being tested and improved. B．It has enjoyed great popularity. C．It has made random attacks. D．It has been stopped. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Sora: A perfect text-to-video AI model B．Sora: A tool for chatting C．Sora: Known as a spacetime patch D．Sora: Lead the way in creating videos 2 Since the start of the industrial revolution, there have been threats that new machines — from mechanized looms (织布机) to microchips would take human jobs. A March report from Goldman Sachs estimated that AI capable of content generation could do a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. Across the European Union and the US, the report further notes, 300 million jobs could be lost to automation. Thankfully, it’s not all bad news. The experts issue their warnings with a relief: there are still things AI isn’t capable of — tasks that involve distinctly human qualities, like emotional intelligence and outside-the-box thinking. “I think there are generally three categories that will remain unaffected in the coming future.” says Martin Ford, a related author. “The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative: you’re not engaged in repetitive work or just rearranging things, but you’re genuinely coming up with new ideas and building something new.” That doesn’t necessarily mean all jobs that are considered “creative” are safe. In fact, things like graphic design and visual art-related roles may be among the first to go. Basic algorithms can direct a robot to analyze millions of images, allowing AI to rapidly acquire a sense of beauty. “But there’s some security in other kinds of creativity, in science, and medicine and law people whose job is coming up with a new legal strategy or business strategy.” says Ford. “The second category,” he continues, “is jobs that require complicated interpersonal relationships.” He points to nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. “These are jobs to interact in the kinds of ways that really build relationships.” he says. “The third safe zone is jobs that really require lots of mobility and problem-solving ability in unpredictable environments.” says Ford. Many trade jobs — think electricians, plumbers, engineers and where you need a very deep understanding of people. I think it’ll be a long time before AI has the ability the like — fall under this umbrella. “These are the kinds of jobs where you’re dealing with a new situation all the time.” he adds. In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is a good way to avoid job loss to AI, at least, for a while. 1．What has been a historical concern regarding new machines? A．The need for increased human skills. B．The possibility of human losing jobs. C．The fear of increased automation costs. D．The potential for machine malfunctions. 2．What can we know from the March report? A．AI is not capable of content generation. B．AI can imitate distinctly human qualities. C．AI poses no threat to human employment. D．AI has no outside-the-box thinking abilities. 3．Which of the following statement will Martin Ford disagree with? A．All creative jobs are not safe from AI. B．Graphic designers tend to be affected. C．Problem-solving jobs will remain unaffected. D．Jobs focusing on repetitive tasks will still have a place. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the potential job loss caused by AI? A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Uncertain. 3 The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) is a significant part of the digital transformation bringing challenges and changes to the job descriptions among management. A study shows that integrating AI systems into service teams increases demands on middle management in the financial services field. Interviewed in the study were 25 experienced managers employed by a leading Scandinavian financial services company. AI systems have been intensely integrated into the tasks and processes of the company in recent years. The results showed that the integration of AI systems into service teams is a complex phenomenon, putting new demands on the work of middle management and requiring a balanced act in the face of new challenges. “The productivity of work grows when routine tasks are passed on to AI. On the other hand, the fast pace of change makes work more demanding, and the integration of AI makes it necessary to learn new things constantly. Surprisingly, new kinds of routine work also increase, because the operations of AI need to be monitored and checked,” says Assistant Professor Jonna Koponen. According to the results of the research, the social features of middle management also changed, because the AI systems used at work were seen either as technical tools or colleagues, depending on the type of AI that was used. Especially when more developed types of AI, such as chatting robots, were included in the AI systems, they were seen as colleagues. Integrating AI also poses ethical (道德上的) challenges, and managers devoted more of their time to ethical considerations. For example, they were concerned about the fairness of decisions made by AI. Aspects observed in the study showed that managing service teams with integrated AI requires new skills and knowledge of middle management, such as technological understanding and skills, interactive skills and emotional intelligence, problem-solving skills, and the ability to manage and adapt to continuous change. “AI systems cannot yet take over all human management in areas such as the motivation and inspiration of team members. This is why skills in interaction and empathy (同理心) should be emphasized when selecting new employees for managerial positions which emphasize the management of teams integrated with AI,” Koponen says. 1．What does the study find? A．AI becomes less popular in the service field. B．AI makes decisions more fairly than humans. C．AI proves human management is unnecessary. D．AI makes middle management more demanding. 2．What’s Jonna Koponen’s attitude to integrating AI systems into service teams? A．Unmentioned. B．Opposed. C．Objective. D．Indifferent. 3．Which of the following shows Jonna Koponen’s opinion? A．AI can’t replace human mangers completely. B．Few managers in the service field are needed. C．Employees for managerial positions dislike AI. D．AI devotes more time to ethical considerations. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．The integration of AI into service teams is hard. B．AI takes over human management in many fields. C．AI and human managers are a perfect combination. D．The application of AI influences middle management. 4 Joyce Loaiza lives alone, but when returning to her apartment at a senior community, she often has a chat with a friendly female voice. The 81-year-old is among the first in the United States to receive the robot ElliQ made by Intuition Robotics, which has been the only device using artificial intelligence specifically designed to address loneliness of the old. Looking like a small table light, the device has an eyeless, mouthless head. It remembers each user’s interests and their talks, helping create a special experience with each new discussion, which can be as deep as the meaning of life or as light as a small joke. “She’ll make comments like, ‘I would go outside if I had hands, but I can’t hold an umbrella,’” said Loaiza. ElliQ also plays music and provides spiritual sayings. It leads exercises, asks about the owner’s health, and gives reminders to take medicines and drink water. It can also support video calls and contact family, friends, or doctors in an emergency. The average user interacts with ElliQ more than 30 times a day and more than 90 percent report lower levels of loneliness, Intuition Robotics CEO Dor Skuler said. Brigham Young University professor Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who studies the effects of loneliness on health, worries that a device like ElliQ might have short-term helpful effects but it could make people less likely to seek human contact. She noted that the difficult feeling of loneliness should push people to reconnect socially. Skuler and state officials agreed that ElliQ is not an alternative to human contact. But some older people cannot leave home or do not have many friends. Charlotte Taylor, director of an Area Agency on Aging, said Covid-19 left many older people more disconnected. Her agency has provided 300 ElliQs which, she believes, help the situation. She said, “People generally like her and she makes them smile.” 1．What can we infer from Loaiza’s comments on ElliQ? A．It sometimes fails to be of any help. B．It is humorous and has the human touch. C．Some of its comments make no sense. D．It shows an interest in the outside world. 2．What concerns Holt-Lunstad about ElliQ? A．Its inefficiency to ease loneliness. B．Its failure to push people to reconnect. C．Its potential for being addictive. D．Its replacement for human interactions. 3．How does Taylor find ElliQ? A．Novel. B．Popular. C．Satisfying. D．Advanced. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Chatty Robot Helps Seniors Fight Loneliness B．AI-based Device Is to Dominate Elders’ Life C．ElliQ: a Revolutionary Innovation in AI Field D．ElliQ: a Remarkable Assistant after Covid-19 5 Intuition Robotics, an Israeli company, has developed ElliQ, an artificial intelligence robot designed to help older Americans from loneliness. ElliQ offers companionship to seniors, engaging them in conversations, playing music, leading exercises, and providing reminders for health-related activities. The device resembles a small table lamp with a glowing, moveable head, creating an interactive experience that remembers the user’s interests and tailors conversations accordingly. Joyce Loaiza, 81, from Florida, is among the first users of ElliQ, who enjoys the device’s company and the personalized nickname “Jellybean” given to her. Furthermore, in New York, ElliQ entertainment 92-year-old Marie Broadbent with games and music, while Washington state’s Jan Worrell, 83, uses it to develop new friendships. The AI assistant works privately, with conversations not heard by company employees and data stored only on the owner’s device. According to Intuition Robotics CEO DorSkuler, users interact with ElliQ over 30 times daily, and over 90% report experiencing less loneliness. The project idea arose from personal experience when Skuler’s grandfather needed a companion who shared his interests after losing his partner. While ElliQ is primarily distributed through state agencies in New York, Florida, Michigan, Nevada, and Washington, it can also be purchased for an annual fee of $600, plus a setup cost of $250. The goal is to have more than 100,000 units in use within five years. State officials emphasize that ElliQ is not meant to replace social interaction, but it provides a valuable service for those who may be home-bound or lack social connections. Despite concerns raised by Julianne Holt - Lunstad, a professor at Brigham Young University, regarding the potential of such devices to reduce social connections, agencies see EliiQ as a beneficial tool, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic increased social isolation among the elderly. 1．What’s the function of ElliQ in the text? A．To fight off seniors’ loneliness effectively. B．To offer seniors some sound suggestions. C．To perform seniors’ household chores. D．To address seniors’ physical problems. 2．What’s the role of Paragraph 2? A．To explain why people are into ElliQ. B．To show ElliQ has some advantages. C．To provide basic functions about ElliQ. D．To demonstrate ElliQ benefits seniors. 3．Which of the following can we know about ElliQ from the text? A．It appears as a human-like figure. B．It can be purchased in the local stores. C．It originates from personal needs in life. D．It helps company collect personal information. 4．What’s Julianne Holt-Lunstad’s view about ElliQ? A．She considers it has long-term social benefits. B．She thinks it has no significant effect on loneliness. C．She assumes it may prevent seniors seeking human contact. D．She believes it a perfect substitute for human companionship. 6 After astonishing breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, many people worry that they will be replaced by AI. Global Google searches for “is my job safe?” have doubled in recent months, as people fear that they will be replaced with large language models (LLMs). In a recent paper Tyna Eloundou of OpenAI and colleagues say that “around 80% of the US workforce could have at least 10% of their work tasks affected by the introduction of LLMs”. Economists, however, tend to enjoy making predictions about automation more than they enjoy testing them. In the early 2010s many of them loudly predicted that robots would kill jobs by the millions, only to fall silent when employment rates across the rich world rose to all-time highs. Few of the doom-mongers (末日论者) have a good explanation for why countries with the highest rates of tech usage around the globe, such as Japan, Singapore and the Republic of Korea, consistently have among the lowest rates of unemployment. Here we introduce our first attempt at tracking AI’s impact on jobs. Using American data on employment by occupation, we single out white-collar workers. White-collar roles are thought to be especially sensitive to generative AI, which is becoming ever better at logical reasoning and creativity. However, there is as yet little evidence of an AI hit to employment. In the spring of 2020 white-collar jobs rose, as many people in service occupations lost their job at the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. And in the past year the white-collar share of employment in professions thought to be at risk from generative AI has risen by 0.5%. Of course, it’s still early days for generative AI. Few firms yet use generative Al tools at large scale, so the impact on jobs could merely be delayed. Another possibility, however, is that these new technologies will end up destroying only a small number of roles. While Al may be efficient at some tasks, it may be less good at others, such as management and working out what others need. AI could even have a positive effect on jobs. If workers using it become more efficient, profits at their company could rise which would then allow bosses to ramp up hiring. A recent survey by Experis, an IT-recruitment firm, points to this possibility. More than half of Britain’s employers expect AI technologies to have a positive impact on the number of their staff over the next two years, it finds. To see how it all shakes out, we will publish updates to this analysis every few months. But for now, a job apocalypse seems a long way off. 1．In terms of artificial intelligence, people worry about ______. A．how to avoid being replaced by machines B．how to keep up with the trend of technology C．how to master new technological skills D．how to earn higher wages by using technology 2．Economists’ predictions about automation show that ______. A．machines prove to deal a blow to employment B．technological breakthroughs bring an economic boom C．economic theories don’t work well in practice D．it is difficult to clarify the impact of machines on jobs 3．According to the text, since the spring of 2020, white-collar jobs ______. A．have become more diverse B．have decreased in number C．have been threatened by service jobs D．have not suffered noticeable losses 4．How may artificial intelligence influence employment? A．It may cause mass unemployment. B．It may create new jobs for people. C．It may enable employers to hire more. D．It may decrease people’s salaries. 5．What could be the best title for the passage? A．Boy Cries Wolf: Generative Al is not yet killing jobs B．Batten Down the Hatches: Generative AI will replace most of human jobs C．Generative AI: The greatest threat to white-collar workers. D．Generative AI: The greatest invention of the 20th century 7 Computer scientist Pascale Fung can imagine a bright future in which AI helpers like ChatGPT bridge language barriers. In that world, Indonesian store owners fluent only in local dialects might reach new shoppers by listing their products online in English. “It can open opportunities,” Fung says—then pauses. She’s spotted the bias (偏好) in her vision of a more interconnected future: The AI-aided shopping would be one-sided, because few Americans would bother to use AI translation to help research products advertised in Indonesian. Fung, director of the Center for AI Research at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, who herself speaks seven languages, sees this bias in her own field. Fung would like to see Al change that, not further strengthen the primary position of English. Fung is part of a global community of AI researchers testing the language skills of ChatGPT and sounding the alarm about evidence that they are significantly less capable in languages other than English. “One of my biggest concerns is that we’re going to exacerbate the bias for English and English speakers,” says Thien Huu Nguyen, a University of Oregon computer scientist. “People are going to follow the norm (标准) and not think about their own identities or culture. It kills innovation.” The AI systems are good at translating other languages into English, but they struggle with rewriting English into other languages. Nguyen’s study reports that tests on ChatGPT in March showed it performed substantially (基本上) worse at answering factual questions or summarizing complex text in non-English languages and was more likely to fabricate (捏造) information. “This is an English sentence, so there is no way to translate it to Vietnamese,” the robot responded inaccurately to one question. At a US conference, Senator Alex Padilla of California asked Sam Altman, CEO of ChatGPT’s creator, OpenAI, which is based in the state, what his company is doing to close the language gap. About 44 percent of Californians speak language other than English. Padilla, who also speaks Spanish, is questioning about the systems delivering fair linguistic (语言的) outcomes without big shifts in strategies by their developers. 7．What’s Fung’s attitude to the non-English language skills of ChatGPT? A．Optimistic. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear. 2．What does the underlined word “exacerbate” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Restrict. B．Worsen. C．Encourage. D．Disturb. 3．What is in line with Nguyen’s study regarding ChatGPT? A．It struggles with turning English to other languages. B．It performs better in translating into English. C．It excels in non-English language translation. D．It tends to invent information in translations. 4．What’s the most suitable title for the text? A．ChatGPT: Exposing linguistic bias B．ChatGPT: AI Translation Revolution C．ChatGPT: Bridging Language Barriers D．ChatGPT: Leaving Non-English Out in AI 8 It has been more than 40 years since anyone spotted a Japanese river otter (水獭). And the once common Yangtze River dolphins have either disappeared or are very rarely seen. These are just a few of the species that have been listed as extinct or locally extinct in recent years. But the advancement of technology could mean the extinction of other species is not a given (假定事实). A huge challenge scientists and conservationists encounter is tracking species facing extinction to help them. This is where artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about a revolution in the way data on these species is collected and analyzed. One example is the Maui dolphin, one of the rarest and most threatened dolphins in the ocean. Familia r with their summer behavior, researchers knew there were just 54 living off the coast of New Zealand. However, because of weather conditions, researchers knew next to nothing about their winter behavior. After four years of developing, testing and fundraising, these scientists received permission to use a drone (无人机) with Al that tracked the dolphins no matter the season. In parts of Australia, koalas were declared endangered in 2022 due to bushfires, habitat destruction and road accidents. Saving them was challenging because their locations and numbers were relatively unknown. So Grant Hamilton, an associate professor at Queensland University of Technology, began using drones with infrared imaging to locate them. An Al algorithm analyzes images to determine if a sighting is a koala. That information is then used to monitor and protect the species by restoring their habitats and providing health protection. In Zambia’s Kafue National Park, home to more than 6,000 elephants, AI is being used to prevent illegal hunting. Cameras record any boats that try to illegally enter the park. Al immediately detects this activity and sends signals to the park rangers to deal with the illegal hunters. The use of AI has helped to speed up action and increase conservationists’ ability to protect the natural world for generations to come. 1．What's the major problem scientists face to help the endangered animals? A．Lack of funds. B．Tracking their behavior. C．Being forbidden to use drones. D．Limited knowledge about their habitat. 2．What can we say about Maui dolphins? A．Researchers spent 4 years tracking them. B．They have already grown in large numbers. C．They bring about a technical and data revolution. D．Researchers can observe them in any season with drones. 3．How are koalas tracked in Australia? A．By depending on drones with AI. B．By using AI algorithm to analyze data. C．By applying drones with infrared imaging. D．By monitoring their behavior with cameras. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Drones with AI Help us Save Nature B．The Extinction of Endangered Species C．Saving Nature with Technology's Help D．Saving Endangered Animals Has a Long Way 9 AI Can Bring Great Benefits to Human Beings The explosion of progress in AI in recent months has surprised even the scientists and engineers who specialize in applying AI to real-life tasks. Several big companies started amazing new programs in a short time, including OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Microsoft’s Bing and Google’s Bard. “A few years ago I never would have imagined we would advance this far this soon,” says Zhe Jiang, a University of Florida researcher who studies applications of AI. Here are some examples of AI applications. In April, a study published in Nature showed that an AI program was as good as or better than human experts at spotting heart problems in patient ultrasound (超声波) images. That is to say, AI is able to match or go beyond human doctors at catching cancers and other disorders by scanning images and tissue samples. Some drug companies are already relying heavily on AI to help find promising new drugs. For example, PsychoGenics, a company specializing in drugs for mental disorders, is improving on the inefficient, inexact and costly process of testing new mental drugs on mice, which typically takes five years. By using AI instead of lab staff to observe the effects of new drugs on mice, the company can test more drugs with greater accuracy at a tenth the cost and two years faster. With 56 million Americans over 65, the high cost and short supply of eldercare workers, eldercare robots have already stepped in. Without using the recent Al advances, robots already watch over seniors with electronic eyes, fetch small items, answer questions. Some of them can already start conversations with seniors, help them recall what happened, and then report the results to family members. Soon, the power of such devices to interact with people will improve greatly. “Caregiving and companion robots equipped with the latest AI can provide ‘empathy’,” says Forrester’s Curran. “They can tell the difference between a senior who is searching through a drawer, and one who is struggling to open a drawer,” he explains. 1．What made scientists surprised according to paragraph 1? A．AI is applied to real-life tasks. B．AI has been developing so swiftly. C．AI can solve some real-life problems. D．AI has helped launch some famous programs. 2．What can we learn about AI from the study in paragraph 2? A．AI can settle disorders by scanning images. B．AI will replace human doctors sooner or later. C．AI is better than human beings in some aspects. D．AI can solve problems in patient ultrasound images. 3．Why does the author take PsychoGenics as an example? A．To explain the difficulty in finding new drugs. B．To show the significance of finding new drugs. C．To draw a comparison between AI and lab staff. D．To convey the importance of AI to drug companies. 4．What does the author most possibly talk about next? A．Some negative effects caused by AI. B．Different opinions about AI application. C．Other aspects of AI application in real-life. D．Some examples of AI helping spot cancer. 10 In 1835, William Talbot finally succeeded in producing a photograph of his country house. He declared that his was the first house ever known to have drawn its own picture. The drawing was formed “by the action of light upon sensitive paper.” Photography offered nature a “pencil” to paint herself through optical (光学的) and chemical means alone. By the mid-nineteenth century, people no longer needed to hire a draftsman to draw detailed images because the process could be completed instantly with a camera. Advocates for the technology stated that not only was it more precise than the human hand — it was faster and cheaper. The removal of human fallibility in the creating process was one of photography’s biggest selling points, but this also started debates about the new medium’s implications for visual culture. Could images made largely by a machine be considered art? If so, where did human creativity fit in this process? As the twenty-first century becomes increasingly automated, more and more people attempt to identify where human agency exists in the technologically driven world. Images generated with artificial intelligence by companies like OpenAI are stimulating questions like those that emerged with the coming of the photograph. By typing a sentence, users can generate “new” images composed from images collected across the Internet. The result has been a flood of Al-generated images in places that are previously unique to human authors. Painting competitions, commercial graphic design and the fashion of portraiture (肖像) have all since collided (碰撞) with the technology in troubling ways. The fine arts were thought to be a final hold-out of human creativity, but the surprisingly high quality of AI-generated images is producing deeper questions about the nature of originality. If the history of photography tells us anything, it’s that the debate won’t be settled quickly, straightforwardly, or by the institutions we typically associate with cultural gate keeping. 1．Why did Talbot declare that his house had drawn its own picture? A．To downplay human factors in the creation. B．To investigate a supernatural phenomenon. C．To show his advanced knowledge in science. D．To demonstrate the beauty of his country house. 2．What does the underlined word “fallibility” mean in paragraph 3? A．Expecting a high price. B．Detailing the images. C．Being likely to make errors. D．Becoming sensitive to light. 3．What do Open AI and cameras have in common? A．They improve the taste of beauty. B．They advocate fashion designs. C．They challenge human agency. D．They produce original images. 4．What did the author indicate by referring to the history of photography? A．Cultural gatekeepers will solve the issue as they did. B．AI-generated images will go through a similar debate. C．The nature of originality will be held in human hands. D．The fine arts will include photography and AI images. 11 As AI technology is improving by leaps and bounds, a low-cost computer training program can help older persons drive less dangerously, according to a recent research. “It is Drive Smart, a training program, that is developed by us, which could be used by anyone who has a computer,” says Jing Feng, co-author of the study and a professor of psychology at Stanford University. “Drive Smart is a cognitive (认知的) training program that can help older persons notice traffic risks more effectively. Our goal of recent study was to see to what degree Drive Smart changes trainees’ driving behaviors when they get behind the wheel.” The researchers sought out 24 persons aged 65 and up to test Drive Smart. In a driving simulator (模拟器), all of the study participants experienced a basic driving exam. The “active training” group was made up of eight of the study participants. Every two weeks, the active training group had two Drive Smart trainings. A group of eight additional study participants was asked to take “passive training” where this group watched videos of others receiving the Drive Smart instruction. This happened twice, with each lasting about a week. The control group, which was made up of the remaining eight study participants, received no training. After that, all 24 study participants performed a second driving exam in the simulator. Compared with the other two groups, the study participants in the active training group experienced 23% fewer “unsafe incidents” following the training, according to the researchers. There was no obvious change in the number of dangerous incidents among study participants in the passive training and control groups. “This testing was conducted with a fairly limited number of study participants,” Feng says in the interview. “If we can succeed in getting sufficient fund, we’d like to further our testing with more people to clearly prove how effective this training is at reducing accidents among older drivers.” 1．Where might the text most probably be taken from? A．A website. B．A newspaper. C．A science fiction. D．A test report. 2．What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A．The specific pattern of the test. B．The underlying meaning of the test. C．The driving behavior of three training groups. D．The theoretical basis for the training program. 3．Jing Feng found that the “Passive training” group rarely changed their driving behavior though ________. A．they had reduced dangerous incidents apparently B．they had experienced insecure incidents previously C．they had been shown instructive videos about two weeks D．they had received Drive Smart trainings every other week 4．What is Feng’s attitude towards the testing result? A．Disapproving. B．Frustrated. C．Critical. D．Optimistic. 12 The words “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t ones normally associated with technology. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser who is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying to change that. Yearsley is the founder of Akin, a robotics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system to help users manage the tasks related to home life, whether that’s planning meals or reminding you to pay your cell phone bill. Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy. In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built for it’s a complex system,” Yearsley says. Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized the need to better manage the home is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work. A United Nations’ report estimates that women do2.6 times the amount of unpaid care and domestic work that men do, or close to 30 hours per week in the U. S. alone. While Yearsley pictures an army of robots someday helping with routine homemade tasks, the first display for Akin will take time and money. Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future. 1．What might the Akin’s AI system suggest? A．Consuming more drinks to enjoy yourself. B．Staying up late working to make more money. C．Spending more time staying with your family. D．Purchasing products that may attract you. 2．What made Yearsley develop the Akin’s AI system? A．The high cost of current home devices. B．Akin’s becoming a finalist for a program. C．Financial support from investors. D．Heavy burden of housewives. 3．What can be used to describe the Akin’s AI system? A．Questionable and unhealthy. B．Unstable and insecure. C．Thoughtful and innovative. D．Mature and ideal. 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To introduce a futuristic AI system. B．To compare two companies’ AI systems. C．To call on people to care about housewives. D．To seek support for an AI expert. 13 Predicting extreme weather events is a tricky business. Changing climate conditions have increased the frequency of severe storms, floods, and heatwaves, along with larger wildfires. As a result, scientists are using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for more accurate forecasts that help to minimize damage and save lives. Researchers at Pennsylvania State University have worked together with meteorologists (气象学家) to analyze more than 50,000 weather satellite images to quickly identify storms. They found comma-shaped cloud formations that often lead to severe weather such as hail, blizzards, high winds, and thunderstorms. Computers were then taught using computer vision and machine learning to automatically detect these clouds from satellite images, with almost 100 percent accuracy, in less than a minute. By refocusing meteorologists’ attention on potential storm cloud formation the AI tool helped predict 64 percent of severe weather events and beat established detection systems. Expensive supercomputers are often used to process vast amounts of data needed for accurate weather prediction. But powerful AI methods can run on smaller computers. Climate risk and planning company ClimateAI uses a technique to downscale global weather forecasts to a local scale, cutting down on costs and computing power. It uses a machine learning technique that pits two neural networks against each other. The neural networks—designed to work like neurons connected in the brain—fight and train each other using global weather data until they get a result. Using this method ClimateAI researchers generate highly accurate and inexpensive local forecasts for hours or days ahead. And because it is not as costly, it allows poorer countries affected by climate change to use forecasts to change the way they farm, build bridges, roads, or homes, and adapt to extreme weather. Average costs associated with extreme weather events in the United States have increased steadily since 1980. These have costly impacts on cities’ basic services, infrastructure, housing, human livelihoods, and health. AI helps us to calculate that risk and can be used as a preventive measure. 1．What can be inferred from Para.1? A．Inaccurate forecasts minimize the destruction. B．AI enhances accuracy in making weather prediction. C．Less natural disasters are caused by climate change. D．Changeable climate decreased the frequency of serious storms. 2．Which is NOT an advantage of AI tool? A．Being steadier. B．Being cheaper. C．Being quicker. D．Being more precise. 3．What is the function of Para.5? A．To explain how Climate AI works. B．To introduce why AI methods are used. C．To show where ClimateAI can be applied. D．To identify what effects of the AI tool has. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards AI techniques in predicting extreme weather? A．Critical. B．Approving. C．Objective. D．Indifferent. 14 (CNN) —European Union lawmakers struck a deal Friday agreeing to one of the world’s first major comprehensive artificial intelligence laws. The landmark legislation, called the AI Act, sets up a regulatory (监管) framework to promote the development of AI while addressing the risks associated with the rapidly developing technology. The legislation bans harmful AI practices “considered to be a clear threat to people’s safety, livelihoods and rights”. In a news conference, Roberta Metsola, the president of the European Parliament, called the law “a balanced and human-centered approach” that will “no doubt be setting the global standard for years to come”. The regulatory framework, which classifies AI uses by risk and increases regulation on higher risk levels, was first proposed in 2021. The riskiest uses for AI are banned. According to the law, those include systems that exploit specific disadvantaged groups, biometric identification systems for law enforcement purposes and artificial intelligence that arranges controllable “subconscious techniques”. Limited risk systems, such as chat-bots like Open AI’s ChatGPT, or technology that generates images, audio or video content, are subject to new transparency (透明) duties under the law. “The AI Act is much more than a rulebook—it’s a launchpad for EU start-ups and researchers to lead the global AI race,” Thierry Breton, the EU Commissioner for Internal Market, wrote on social media, “The best is yet to come.” Artificial intelligence broke into the mainstream with the launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT chat-bot in November 2022. Seemingly overnight, generative AI technology exploded in popularity and spurred an AI arms race. But AI’s disturbance reaches far beyond the world of big tech: Educators have struggled with generative AI’s ability to complete schoolwork assignments; artists and musicians have fought with the potential for Al-fueled imitation (模仿) and even the media industry has seen its debate. 1．What is the text? A．A short story. B．An art review. C．A news report. D．A research paper. 2．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us? A．AI risk regulation, B．AI risk classification. C．AI regulatory framework. D．AI regulatory framework usage. 3．What is Thierry’s attitude towards the AI Act? A．Positive. B．Indifferent. C．Disapproving. D．Suspicious. 4．What does the underlined word “spurred” mean in the last paragraph? A．Ruined. B．Caused. C．Updated. D．Interrupted. d 15 Researchers hope brain implants will one day help people with aphasia (失语症) to get their voice back — and maybe even to sing. Now, for the first time, scientists have demonstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decoded and used to reconstruct music. A new study analyzed data from 29 people monitored for epileptic seizures (癫痫发作), using electrodes (电极) on the surface of their brain. As participants listened to a selected song, electrodes captured brain activity related to musical elements, such as tone, rhythm, and lyrics. Employing machine learning, Robert Knight from UC Berkeley and his colleagues reconstructed what the participants were hearing and published their study results. The paper is the first to suggest that scientists can “listen secretly to” the brain to synthesize (合成) music. To turn brain activity data into musical sound, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI)model to decode data captured from thousands of electrodes that were attached to the participants as they listened to the song while undergoing surgery. Once the brain data were fed through the model, the music returned. The model also revealed some brain parts responding to different musical features of the song. Although the findings focused on music, the researchers expect their results to be most useful for translating brain waves into human speech. Ludovic Bellier, the study’s lead author, explains that speech, regardless of language, has small melodic differences — tempo, stress, accents, and intonation — known as prosody (韵律). These elements carry meaning that we can’t communicate with words alone. He hopes the model will improve brain-computer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that record speech-associated brain waves and use algorithms to reconstruct intended messages. This technology, still in its infancy, could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of aphasia. Future research should investigate whether these models can be expanded from music that participants have heard to imagined internal speech. If a brain-computer interface could recreate someone’s speech with the prosody and emotional weight found in music, it could offer a richer communication experience beyond mere words. Several barriers remain before we can put this technology in the hands — or brains — of patients. The current model relies on surgical implants. As recording techniques improve, the hope is to gather data non-invasively, possibly using ultrasensitive electrodes. However, under current technologies, this approach might result in a lower speed of decoding into natural speech. The researchers also hope to improve the playback clarity by packing the electrodes closer together on the brain’s surface, enabling an even more detailed look at the electrical symphony the brain produces. 1．What can we learn from the study? A．Electrodes can analyze musical elements. B．The decoding of brain data helps recreate music. C．Machine learning greatly enhances brain activity. D．The AI model monitors music-responsive brain regions. 2．What hopefully makes it possible to expand the model to speech? A．The prosody of speech. B．The collection of brain waves. C．The emotional weight of music. D．The reconstruction of information. 3．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Unlocking the Secrets of Melodic Mind B．Brain Symphony: Synthesized Human Speech C．BCI Brings Hope to People with Aphasia D．Remarkable Journey: Decoding Brain with AI 二、语法填空 1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A blogger from Sichuan, nicknamed “AI Crazy House,” 1 (release) an AI-generated animated short film of “Journey to the West” 2 the Internet. The film shocked netizens with its visual effects and opened up new 3 (possibility) for presenting classic works in film and television. Through deep learning and innovative techniques, AI reinterpreted this Chinese literary masterpiece, 4 (deliver) breathtaking visual effects and emotional experiences. The blogger, Mr. Feng, has 15 years of art experience. He stated that the video, 5 would have taken at least six months to produce manually, was completed in a week with the help of AI. He also explained the steps 6 (generate) videos with AI. Taking the first episode of “Journey to the West” as 7 example, from the beginning of chaos to the birth of the stone monkey to the learning of art, he emphasized the need to determine the required number of pictures and storyboards. He mentioned using ChatGPT to analyze the original text, complete storyboard planning, use AI painting software for drawing, 8 then employ “picture-to-video” software to animate the images. These processes 9 (general) produce a large number of preliminary drafts. “At present, it is difficult for AI 10 (understand) my meaning.” Mr. Feng said. 2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many measures have been taken to fight food waste, but one young man is making a big difference with technology. Liu Jichen, 23, 1 student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini-program 2 (call) “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image 3 (recognize) by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals donated 4 children in rural areas. Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year, 5 has swept over 1,017 6 (university) across the country. The one-month campaign attracted almost 1.6 million participants and 7 (reduce) food waste by 862 tons in total, The China Youth Daily reported. Thanks to his innovative and 8 (practice) actions concerning social issues, Liu was awarded by the UN Office of the Secretary General’s Envoy on Youth in September, 2020. “Through the campaign, we hope to inspire everyone 9 (take) action against food waste and to contribute Chinese 10 (wise) and solutions to global food security challenges,” he said. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 10.AI的新发展及对生活与就业等的影响 一、阅读理解 1 Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed (超出) just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI’s latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into video with good visual quality while completely following your content instructions. Sora is said to be better than many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios (屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content in lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user’s requests. Apart from this, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is surprising. Sora can create detailed scenes with several characters, specific types of motion, and accurate subject and background details. Beyond the user’s requests, it also understands how these elements exist in the real world. For example, reflections in the water change as a woman walks by. However, the current model isn’t perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated scene and might not get how one action leads to another. For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it’s been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order. One possible reason is that Sora learns each basic unit of a video, known as a spacetime patch (时空补丁), independently. Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora’s system in order to test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will help OpenAI to improve the model to better serve creative professionals. 1．What is the main focus of paragraph 2 and 3? A．Sora’s strengths. B．Sora’s weaknesses. C．Sora’s development. D．Sora’s popularity. 2．Why does the author provide the example in paragraph 4? A．To show Sora’s safety problems. B．To show Sora’s existing weaknesses. C．To show Sora’s perfect performance. D．To explain the concept of a spacetime patch. 3．What can we know about Sora up to now? A．It is being tested and improved. B．It has enjoyed great popularity. C．It has made random attacks. D．It has been stopped. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Sora: A perfect text-to-video AI model B．Sora: A tool for chatting C．Sora: Known as a spacetime patch D．Sora: Lead the way in creating videos 【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Sora这一先进AI模型能够根据文本指令生成高质量视频及其特点。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Sora is said to be better than many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios (屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content in lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user’s requests.(据说Sora比许多具有类似功能的现有模型更好。人工智能模型可以为不同的设备创建合适的长宽比视频。它还允许用户在制作高质量版本之前快速测试低质量的内容，这有助于根据用户的要求加快输出速度)”及第三段中“Apart from this, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is surprising.(除此之外，它以逼真流畅的方式呈现视频的能力令人惊讶)”可知，第二段和第三段主要描述了Sora的优点，包括它可以创建适合不同设备的视频、允许用户快速测试低质量版本以及能够生成真实流畅的视频场景等，这两段的重点在于展示Sora的优势。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, the current model isn’t perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated scene and might not get how one action leads to another.(然而，目前的模式并不完美。它可能无法准确地显示复杂场景中的事物如何移动，也可能无法理解一个动作如何导致另一个动作)”及所举例子“For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it’s been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order.(例如，在由Sora生成的视频中，如果某人吃掉了一部分饼干，饼干可能看起来不像是被咬过的。该模型可能会混淆方向，并且难以按正确的顺序描述事件)”可知，第四段提到的例子是为了说明Sora在处理复杂场景时的一些局限性，比如难以准确表现物体运动或事件顺序等，这个例子是用来展示Sora目前存在的弱点。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora’s system in order to test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will help OpenAI to improve the model to better serve creative professionals.(Sora仍处于开发测试阶段。OpenAI目前正邀请网络安全专业人士对Sora的系统进行随机攻击，以此来测试该模型可能存在的弱点和风险。Sora也已向一些视觉艺术家、设计师和电影制作人开放。他们的反馈将帮助OpenAI改进模型，以便更好地服务于创意专业人士)”可知，Sora正在测试和改进。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed (超出) just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI’s latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into video with good visual quality while completely following your content instructions.(人工智能模型早已超越了仅创造文本响应和图像的能力。现在，只需一句话，OpenAI的最新文本转视频模型Sora就能将你的文字转化为具有良好视觉质量的视频，并完全遵循你的内容指示)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了Sora在文本转视频方面的先进功能和技术优势，尽管它还存在一些限制，但它在视频创作领域显示出引领潮流的潜力，D选项“Sora：引领视频创作”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。 2 Since the start of the industrial revolution, there have been threats that new machines — from mechanized looms (织布机) to microchips would take human jobs. A March report from Goldman Sachs estimated that AI capable of content generation could do a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. Across the European Union and the US, the report further notes, 300 million jobs could be lost to automation. Thankfully, it’s not all bad news. The experts issue their warnings with a relief: there are still things AI isn’t capable of — tasks that involve distinctly human qualities, like emotional intelligence and outside-the-box thinking. “I think there are generally three categories that will remain unaffected in the coming future.” says Martin Ford, a related author. “The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative: you’re not engaged in repetitive work or just rearranging things, but you’re genuinely coming up with new ideas and building something new.” That doesn’t necessarily mean all jobs that are considered “creative” are safe. In fact, things like graphic design and visual art-related roles may be among the first to go. Basic algorithms can direct a robot to analyze millions of images, allowing AI to rapidly acquire a sense of beauty. “But there’s some security in other kinds of creativity, in science, and medicine and law people whose job is coming up with a new legal strategy or business strategy.” says Ford. “The second category,” he continues, “is jobs that require complicated interpersonal relationships.” He points to nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. “These are jobs to interact in the kinds of ways that really build relationships.” he says. “The third safe zone is jobs that really require lots of mobility and problem-solving ability in unpredictable environments.” says Ford. Many trade jobs — think electricians, plumbers, engineers and where you need a very deep understanding of people. I think it’ll be a long time before AI has the ability the like — fall under this umbrella. “These are the kinds of jobs where you’re dealing with a new situation all the time.” he adds. In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is a good way to avoid job loss to AI, at least, for a while. 1．What has been a historical concern regarding new machines? A．The need for increased human skills. B．The possibility of human losing jobs. C．The fear of increased automation costs. D．The potential for machine malfunctions. 2．What can we know from the March report? A．AI is not capable of content generation. B．AI can imitate distinctly human qualities. C．AI poses no threat to human employment. D．AI has no outside-the-box thinking abilities. 3．Which of the following statement will Martin Ford disagree with? A．All creative jobs are not safe from AI. B．Graphic designers tend to be affected. C．Problem-solving jobs will remain unaffected. D．Jobs focusing on repetitive tasks will still have a place. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the potential job loss caused by AI? A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Uncertain. 【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。高盛3月份的一份报告估计，能够生成内容的人工智能可以完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一。报告进一步指出，在整个欧盟和美国，自动化可能会导致3亿个工作岗位流失。但是人工智能仍有一些事情是无法胜任的——那些涉及明显人类品质的任务，比如情商和创新思维。文章对此进行了介绍。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Since the start of the industrial revolution, there have been threats that new machines — from mechanized looms (织布机) to microchips would take human jobs.(自从工业革命开始以来，新机器——从机械化织布机到微芯片——就一直威胁着人类的工作。)”可知，对于新机器的传统担忧是人类失去工作的可能性。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The experts issue their warnings with a relief: there are still things AI isn’t capable of — tasks that involve distinctly human qualities, like emotional intelligence and outside-the-box thinking.(专家们在发出警告时也给出了安慰：人工智能仍有一些事情是无法胜任的——那些涉及明显人类品质的任务，比如情商和创新思维。)”可知，人工智能没有创新思维。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative: you’re not engaged in repetitive work or just rearranging things, but you’re genuinely coming up with new ideas and building something new.(第一种是真正具有创造性的工作：你不是在从事重复性的工作，也不是在重新安排东西，而是在真正地提出新想法，创造新东西。)”可知，马丁·福特会不认同“专注于重复性任务的工作仍将有一席之地”的观点。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is a good way to avoid job loss to AI, at least, for a while.(简而言之，在包括不可预测任务在内的动态、不断变化的环境中寻找职位，是避免被人工智能抢走工作的好方法，至少在一段时间内是这样。)”可知，作者对人工智能可能造成的失业持乐观态度。故选A。 3 The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) is a significant part of the digital transformation bringing challenges and changes to the job descriptions among management. A study shows that integrating AI systems into service teams increases demands on middle management in the financial services field. Interviewed in the study were 25 experienced managers employed by a leading Scandinavian financial services company. AI systems have been intensely integrated into the tasks and processes of the company in recent years. The results showed that the integration of AI systems into service teams is a complex phenomenon, putting new demands on the work of middle management and requiring a balanced act in the face of new challenges. “The productivity of work grows when routine tasks are passed on to AI. On the other hand, the fast pace of change makes work more demanding, and the integration of AI makes it necessary to learn new things constantly. Surprisingly, new kinds of routine work also increase, because the operations of AI need to be monitored and checked,” says Assistant Professor Jonna Koponen. According to the results of the research, the social features of middle management also changed, because the AI systems used at work were seen either as technical tools or colleagues, depending on the type of AI that was used. Especially when more developed types of AI, such as chatting robots, were included in the AI systems, they were seen as colleagues. Integrating AI also poses ethical (道德上的) challenges, and managers devoted more of their time to ethical considerations. For example, they were concerned about the fairness of decisions made by AI. Aspects observed in the study showed that managing service teams with integrated AI requires new skills and knowledge of middle management, such as technological understanding and skills, interactive skills and emotional intelligence, problem-solving skills, and the ability to manage and adapt to continuous change. “AI systems cannot yet take over all human management in areas such as the motivation and inspiration of team members. This is why skills in interaction and empathy (同理心) should be emphasized when selecting new employees for managerial positions which emphasize the management of teams integrated with AI,” Koponen says. 1．What does the study find? A．AI becomes less popular in the service field. B．AI makes decisions more fairly than humans. C．AI proves human management is unnecessary. D．AI makes middle management more demanding. 2．What’s Jonna Koponen’s attitude to integrating AI systems into service teams? A．Unmentioned. B．Opposed. C．Objective. D．Indifferent. 3．Which of the following shows Jonna Koponen’s opinion? A．AI can’t replace human mangers completely. B．Few managers in the service field are needed. C．Employees for managerial positions dislike AI. D．AI devotes more time to ethical considerations. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．The integration of AI into service teams is hard. B．AI takes over human management in many fields. C．AI and human managers are a perfect combination. D．The application of AI influences middle management. 【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人工智能（AI）的引入对中层管理工作带来的挑战和变化，以及中层管理者需要具备的新技能和知识。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A study shows that integrating AI systems into service teams increases demands on middle management in the financial services field.”（一项研究表明，将人工智能系统集成到服务团队中增加了金融服务领域对中层管理的需求）可推知，AI使中层管理更具挑战性。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“The productivity of work grows when routine tasks are passed on to AI. On the other hand, the fast pace of change makes work more demanding, and the integration of AI makes it necessary to learn new things constantly. Surprisingly, new kinds of routine work also increase, because the operations of AI need to be monitored and checked,” says Assistant Professor Jonna Koponen.”（当日常任务传递给人工智能时，工作的生产力就会提高。另一方面，快速的变化使工作要求更高，而人工智能的集成使不断学习新事物成为必要。令人惊讶的是，新型的日常工作也在增加，因为人工智能的操作需要监控和检查，”助理教授Jonna Koponen说）可知，Jonna Koponen认为将人工智能系统运用到服务团队中有利有弊。由此可推断，Jonna Koponen的态度是“客观的”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“AI systems cannot yet take over all human management in areas such as the motivation and inspiration of team members.”（AI系统还不能完全接管人类在激励和启发团队成员等方面的管理。）可知，Jonna Koponen认为AI不能完全替代人类管理者。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) is a significant part of the digital transformation bringing challenges and changes to the job descriptions among management. A study shows that integrating AI systems into service teams increases demands on middle management in the financial services field.”（人工智能（AI）的引入是数字化转型的重要组成部分，给管理层的工作描述带来了挑战和变化。一项研究表明，将人工智能系统集成到服务团队中增加了金融服务领域对中层管理的需求。）可知，本文主要介绍了将人工智能系统融合到金融服务业对中层管理产生的影响。故选D。 4 Joyce Loaiza lives alone, but when returning to her apartment at a senior community, she often has a chat with a friendly female voice. The 81-year-old is among the first in the United States to receive the robot ElliQ made by Intuition Robotics, which has been the only device using artificial intelligence specifically designed to address loneliness of the old. Looking like a small table light, the device has an eyeless, mouthless head. It remembers each user’s interests and their talks, helping create a special experience with each new discussion, which can be as deep as the meaning of life or as light as a small joke. “She’ll make comments like, ‘I would go outside if I had hands, but I can’t hold an umbrella,’” said Loaiza. ElliQ also plays music and provides spiritual sayings. It leads exercises, asks about the owner’s health, and gives reminders to take medicines and drink water. It can also support video calls and contact family, friends, or doctors in an emergency. The average user interacts with ElliQ more than 30 times a day and more than 90 percent report lower levels of loneliness, Intuition Robotics CEO Dor Skuler said. Brigham Young University professor Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who studies the effects of loneliness on health, worries that a device like ElliQ might have short-term helpful effects but it could make people less likely to seek human contact. She noted that the difficult feeling of loneliness should push people to reconnect socially. Skuler and state officials agreed that ElliQ is not an alternative to human contact. But some older people cannot leave home or do not have many friends. Charlotte Taylor, director of an Area Agency on Aging, said Covid-19 left many older people more disconnected. Her agency has provided 300 ElliQs which, she believes, help the situation. She said, “People generally like her and she makes them smile.” 1．What can we infer from Loaiza’s comments on ElliQ? A．It sometimes fails to be of any help. B．It is humorous and has the human touch. C．Some of its comments make no sense. D．It shows an interest in the outside world. 2．What concerns Holt-Lunstad about ElliQ? A．Its inefficiency to ease loneliness. B．Its failure to push people to reconnect. C．Its potential for being addictive. D．Its replacement for human interactions. 3．How does Taylor find ElliQ? A．Novel. B．Popular. C．Satisfying. D．Advanced. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Chatty Robot Helps Seniors Fight Loneliness B．AI-based Device Is to Dominate Elders’ Life C．ElliQ: a Revolutionary Innovation in AI Field D．ElliQ: a Remarkable Assistant after Covid-19 【答案与解析】这是一篇新闻新闻报道。本文介绍一个聊天机器人帮助老年人缓解孤独感。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中““She’ll make comments like, ‘I would go outside if I had hands, but I can’t hold an umbrella,’” said Loaiza. (Loaiza说：“她会说，‘如果我有手，我就会出去，但我不会撑伞。’”)”可知，ElliQ会讲笑话，有幽默感和人情味。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Brigham Young University professor Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who studies the effects of loneliness on health, worries that a device like ElliQ might have short-term helpful effects but it could make people less likely to seek human contact. (Brigham Young University教授ulianne Holt-Lunstad研究孤独对健康的影响，她担心像ElliQ这样的设备可能会有短期的有益效果，但它可能会让人们不太愿意寻求人际交往。)”可知，Holt-Lunstad担心与聊天机器人的互动会代替真正的人际交往。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Her agency has provided 300 ElliQs which, she believes, help the situation. She said, “People generally like her and she makes them smile.” (她的机构已经提供了300个ElliQ，她认为这有助于解决问题。她说：“人们普遍喜欢她，她让他们微笑。”)”可知，Taloy认为ElliQ很有帮助，令人满意。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中“The 81-year-old is among the first in the United States to receive the robot ElliQ made by Intuition Robotics, which has been the only device using artificial intelligence specifically designed to address loneliness of the old. (这位81岁的老人是美国首批接收由直觉机器人公司制造的机器人ElliQ的人之一，这是唯一一个专门为解决老年人孤独而设计的人工智能设备。)”可知，本文介绍一个帮助老年人缓解孤独感的聊天机器人。故选A。 5 Intuition Robotics, an Israeli company, has developed ElliQ, an artificial intelligence robot designed to help older Americans from loneliness. ElliQ offers companionship to seniors, engaging them in conversations, playing music, leading exercises, and providing reminders for health-related activities. The device resembles a small table lamp with a glowing, moveable head, creating an interactive experience that remembers the user’s interests and tailors conversations accordingly. Joyce Loaiza, 81, from Florida, is among the first users of ElliQ, who enjoys the device’s company and the personalized nickname “Jellybean” given to her. Furthermore, in New York, ElliQ entertainment 92-year-old Marie Broadbent with games and music, while Washington state’s Jan Worrell, 83, uses it to develop new friendships. The AI assistant works privately, with conversations not heard by company employees and data stored only on the owner’s device. According to Intuition Robotics CEO DorSkuler, users interact with ElliQ over 30 times daily, and over 90% report experiencing less loneliness. The project idea arose from personal experience when Skuler’s grandfather needed a companion who shared his interests after losing his partner. While ElliQ is primarily distributed through state agencies in New York, Florida, Michigan, Nevada, and Washington, it can also be purchased for an annual fee of $600, plus a setup cost of $250. The goal is to have more than 100,000 units in use within five years. State officials emphasize that ElliQ is not meant to replace social interaction, but it provides a valuable service for those who may be home-bound or lack social connections. Despite concerns raised by Julianne Holt - Lunstad, a professor at Brigham Young University, regarding the potential of such devices to reduce social connections, agencies see EliiQ as a beneficial tool, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic increased social isolation among the elderly. 1．What’s the function of ElliQ in the text? A．To fight off seniors’ loneliness effectively. B．To offer seniors some sound suggestions. C．To perform seniors’ household chores. D．To address seniors’ physical problems. 2．What’s the role of Paragraph 2? A．To explain why people are into ElliQ. B．To show ElliQ has some advantages. C．To provide basic functions about ElliQ. D．To demonstrate ElliQ benefits seniors. 3．Which of the following can we know about ElliQ from the text? A．It appears as a human-like figure. B．It can be purchased in the local stores. C．It originates from personal needs in life. D．It helps company collect personal information. 4．What’s Julianne Holt-Lunstad’s view about ElliQ? A．She considers it has long-term social benefits. B．She thinks it has no significant effect on loneliness. C．She assumes it may prevent seniors seeking human contact. D．She believes it a perfect substitute for human companionship. 【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以色列公司Intuition Robotics开发了一款名为ElliQ的人工智能机器人，旨在帮助美国老年人缓解孤独感。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Intuition Robotics, an Israeli company, has developed ElliQ, an artificial intelligence robot designed to help older Americans from loneliness.(以色列公司Intuition Robotics开发了人工智能机器人ElliQ，旨在帮助美国老年人摆脱孤独。)”可知，ElliQ的主要功能是有效对抗老年人的孤独感。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Joyce Loaiza, 81, from Florida, is among the first users of ElliQ, who enjoys the device’s company and the personalized nickname “Jellybean” given to her. Furthermore, in New York, ElliQ entertainment 92-year-old Marie Broadbent with games and music, while Washington state’s Jan Worrell, 83, uses it to develop new friendships.(来自佛罗里达州的81岁的Joyce Loaiza是ElliQ的首批用户之一，她喜欢这个设备的陪伴，也喜欢别人给她起的个性化昵称“Jellybean”。此外，在纽约，ElliQ用游戏和音乐来娱乐92岁的玛丽·布罗德本特，而华盛顿州83岁的简·沃雷尔则用它来发展新的友谊。)”可知，在第二段中，作者通过列举佛罗里达州的Joyce Loaiza、纽约的Marie Broadbent和华盛顿州的Jan Worrell的例子，展示了ElliQ如何为老年人带来好处。因此，该段的作用是展示ElliQ对老年人的益处。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The project idea arose from personal experience when Skuler’s grandfather needed a companion who shared his interests after losing his partner.(这个项目的想法源于他的个人经历，当时Skuler的祖父在失去伴侣后需要一个能与他分享兴趣的伙伴。)”可知，它源于生活中的个人需求。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Despite concerns raised by Julianne Holt - Lunstad, a professor at Brigham Young University, regarding the potential of such devices to reduce social connections, agencies see EliiQ as a beneficial tool, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic increased social isolation among the elderly.(尽管杨百翰大学(Brigham Young University)教授朱莉安娜·霍尔特-伦斯塔德(Julianne Holt - Lunstad)对这类设备可能减少社会联系表示担忧，但各机构认为，EliiQ是一种有益的工具，尤其是在新冠肺炎大流行加剧了老年人的社会孤立之后。)”可推知，她认为这可能会阻止老年人寻求人际接触。故选C。 6 After astonishing breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, many people worry that they will be replaced by AI. Global Google searches for “is my job safe?” have doubled in recent months, as people fear that they will be replaced with large language models (LLMs). In a recent paper Tyna Eloundou of OpenAI and colleagues say that “around 80% of the US workforce could have at least 10% of their work tasks affected by the introduction of LLMs”. Economists, however, tend to enjoy making predictions about automation more than they enjoy testing them. In the early 2010s many of them loudly predicted that robots would kill jobs by the millions, only to fall silent when employment rates across the rich world rose to all-time highs. Few of the doom-mongers (末日论者) have a good explanation for why countries with the highest rates of tech usage around the globe, such as Japan, Singapore and the Republic of Korea, consistently have among the lowest rates of unemployment. Here we introduce our first attempt at tracking AI’s impact on jobs. Using American data on employment by occupation, we single out white-collar workers. White-collar roles are thought to be especially sensitive to generative AI, which is becoming ever better at logical reasoning and creativity. However, there is as yet little evidence of an AI hit to employment. In the spring of 2020 white-collar jobs rose, as many people in service occupations lost their job at the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. And in the past year the white-collar share of employment in professions thought to be at risk from generative AI has risen by 0.5%. Of course, it’s still early days for generative AI. Few firms yet use generative Al tools at large scale, so the impact on jobs could merely be delayed. Another possibility, however, is that these new technologies will end up destroying only a small number of roles. While Al may be efficient at some tasks, it may be less good at others, such as management and working out what others need. AI could even have a positive effect on jobs. If workers using it become more efficient, profits at their company could rise which would then allow bosses to ramp up hiring. A recent survey by Experis, an IT-recruitment firm, points to this possibility. More than half of Britain’s employers expect AI technologies to have a positive impact on the number of their staff over the next two years, it finds. To see how it all shakes out, we will publish updates to this analysis every few months. But for now, a job apocalypse seems a long way off. 1．In terms of artificial intelligence, people worry about ______. A．how to avoid being replaced by machines B．how to keep up with the trend of technology C．how to master new technological skills D．how to earn higher wages by using technology 2．Economists’ predictions about automation show that ______. A．machines prove to deal a blow to employment B．technological breakthroughs bring an economic boom C．economic theories don’t work well in practice D．it is difficult to clarify the impact of machines on jobs 3．According to the text, since the spring of 2020, white-collar jobs ______. A．have become more diverse B．have decreased in number C．have been threatened by service jobs D．have not suffered noticeable losses 4．How may artificial intelligence influence employment? A．It may cause mass unemployment. B．It may create new jobs for people. C．It may enable employers to hire more. D．It may decrease people’s salaries. 5．What could be the best title for the passage? A．Boy Cries Wolf: Generative Al is not yet killing jobs B．Batten Down the Hatches: Generative AI will replace most of human jobs C．Generative AI: The greatest threat to white-collar workers. D．Generative AI: The greatest invention of the 20th century 【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了人工智能对就业的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“After astonishing breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, many people worry that they will be replaced by AI. Global Google searches for “is my job safe?” have doubled in recent months, as people fear that they will be replaced with large language models (LLMs). In a recent paper Tyna Eloundou of OpenAI and colleagues say that   “around 80% of the US workforce could have at least 10% of their work tasks affected by the introduction of LLMs”.(在人工智能取得惊人突破之后，许多人担心他们将被人工智能取代。谷歌搜索“我的工作安全吗？”的数量在最近几个月翻了一番，因为人们担心它们将被大型语言模型(LLMs)所取代。在最近的一篇论文中，OpenAI的Tyna Eloundou和他的同事说，“大约80%的美国劳动力至少有10%的工作任务可能会受到引入人工智能的影响。”)”可知，许多人担心他们会被AI取代，因此他们担心如何避免被机器取代。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Economists, however, tend to enjoy making predictions about automation more than they enjoy testing them. In the early 2010s many of them loudly predicted that robots would kill jobs by the millions, only to fall silent when employment rates across the rich world rose to all-time highs.(然而，经济学家更喜欢预测自动化，而不是测试自动化。在2010年代初，他们中的许多人大声预测机器人将夺走数百万人的工作，但当发达国家的就业率升至历史最高水平时，他们却沉默了)”可知，经济学家喜欢预测自动化但不喜欢测试，之前预测机器人会消灭数百万工作机会，但实际上就业率却上升了，这表明机器对工作岗位的影响很难明确。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“White-collar roles are thought to be especially sensitive to generative AI, which is becoming ever better at logical reasoning and creativity. However, there is as yet little evidence of an AI hit to employment. In the spring of 2020 white-collar jobs rose, as many people in service occupations lost their job at the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. And in the past year the white-collar share of employment in professions thought to be at risk from generative AI has risen by 0.5%.(白领角色被认为对生成式人工智能特别敏感，因为生成式人工智能在逻辑推理和创造力方面正变得越来越好。然而，目前几乎没有证据表明人工智能对就业造成了冲击。2020年春季，白领岗位增加，因为许多服务行业的人在covid -19大流行开始时失去了工作。在过去的一年里，被认为受到人工智能威胁的职业中，白领所占的比例上升了0.5%)”可知，尽管有人预测生成式人工智能将对白领工作产生影响，但实际上在2020年春季以来，白领工作并没有受到明显的冲击，甚至在被认为受到生成式人工智能威胁的职业中，白领工作的比例还上升了0.5%。因此，可以得出结论，白领工作自2020年春季以来并未遭受明显损失。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“AI could even have a positive effect on jobs. If workers using it become more efficient, profits at their company could rise which would then allow bosses to ram p up hiring.(人工智能甚至可能对就业产生积极影响。如果使用它的员工变得更有效率，公司的利润就会上升，这将使老板们能够加快招聘)”以及倒数第二段“A recent survey by Experis, an IT-recruitment firm, points to this possibility. More than half of Britain’s employers expect AI technologies to have a positive impact on the number of their staff over the next two years, it finds.(Experis是一家 IT 招聘公司，其最近的一项重新认证调查显示，有这种可能性。调查显示，超过半数的英国雇主预计人工智能技术在未来两年内会对员工数量产生积极影响)”可知，如果工人使用AI后效率提高，公司利润可能上升，这将使老板能够增加招聘，因此人工智能可能会促使雇主雇佣更多的人。故选C项。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“After astonishing breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, many people worry that they will be replaced by AI. Global Google searches for “is my job safe?” have doubled in recent months, as people fear that they will be replaced with large language models (LLMs). In a recent paper Tyna Eloundou of OpenAI and colleagues say that   “around 80% of the US workforce could have at least 10% of their work tasks affected by the introduction of LLMs”.(在人工智能取得惊人突破之后，许多人担心他们将被人工智能取代。谷歌搜索“我的工作安全吗?”的数量在最近几个月翻了一番，因为人们担心它们将被大型语言模型(LLMs)所取代。在最近的一篇论文中，OpenAI的Tyna Eloundou和他的同事说，“大约80%的美国劳动力至少有10%的工作任务可能会受到引入人工智能的影响。”)”以及最后一段“To see how it all shakes out, we will publish updates to this analysis every few months. But for now, a job apocalypse seems a long way off.(为了了解结果如何，我们将每隔几个月更新一次分析。但就目前而言，就业末日似乎还很遥远)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讨论了生成式人工智能对工作岗位的影响，但目前还没有明确的证据表明它会大规模取代人类工作，因此最好的标题应该是A项“Boy Cries Wolf: Generative Al is not yet killing jobs(狼来了：生成式人工智能尚未扼杀工作岗位)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。 7 Computer scientist Pascale Fung can imagine a bright future in which AI helpers like ChatGPT bridge language barriers. In that world, Indonesian store owners fluent only in local dialects might reach new shoppers by listing their products online in English. “It can open opportunities,” Fung says—then pauses. She’s spotted the bias (偏好) in her vision of a more interconnected future: The AI-aided shopping would be one-sided, because few Americans would bother to use AI translation to help research products advertised in Indonesian. Fung, director of the Center for AI Research at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, who herself speaks seven languages, sees this bias in her own field. Fung would like to see Al change that, not further strengthen the primary position of English. Fung is part of a global community of AI researchers testing the language skills of ChatGPT and sounding the alarm about evidence that they are significantly less capable in languages other than English. “One of my biggest concerns is that we’re going to exacerbate the bias for English and English speakers,” says Thien Huu Nguyen, a University of Oregon computer scientist. “People are going to follow the norm (标准) and not think about their own identities or culture. It kills innovation.” The AI systems are good at translating other languages into English, but they struggle with rewriting English into other languages. Nguyen’s study reports that tests on ChatGPT in March showed it performed substantially (基本上) worse at answering factual questions or summarizing complex text in non-English languages and was more likely to fabricate (捏造) information. “This is an English sentence, so there is no way to translate it to Vietnamese,” the robot responded inaccurately to one question. At a US conference, Senator Alex Padilla of California asked Sam Altman, CEO of ChatGPT’s creator, OpenAI, which is based in the state, what his company is doing to close the language gap. About 44 percent of Californians speak language other than English. Padilla, who also speaks Spanish, is questioning about the systems delivering fair linguistic (语言的) outcomes without big shifts in strategies by their developers. 7．What’s Fung’s attitude to the non-English language skills of ChatGPT? A．Optimistic. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear. 2．What does the underlined word “exacerbate” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Restrict. B．Worsen. C．Encourage. D．Disturb. 3．What is in line with Nguyen’s study regarding ChatGPT? A．It struggles with turning English to other languages. B．It performs better in translating into English. C．It excels in non-English language translation. D．It tends to invent information in translations. 4．What’s the most suitable title for the text? A．ChatGPT: Exposing linguistic bias B．ChatGPT: AI Translation Revolution C．ChatGPT: Bridging Language Barriers D．ChatGPT: Leaving Non-English Out in AI 【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI系统擅长将其他语言翻译成英语，但它们在将英语改写成其他语言时却很吃力，Chat GPT 正在将非英语语言排除在人工智能革命之外。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““It can open opportunities,” Fung says—then pauses. She’s spotted the bias (偏好) in her vision of a more interconnected future: The Al-aided shopping would be one-sided, because few Americans would bother to use AI translation to help research products advertised in Indonesian.(“它可以打开机会，”Fung说，然后停顿了一下。她发现了她对更加互联的未来的设想中的偏见：人工智能辅助购物将是片面的，因为很少有美国人会费心使用人工智能翻译来帮助研究印尼语广告中的产品。)”和文章第三段“Fung is part of a global community of AI researchers testing the language skills of ChatGPT and sounding the alarm about evidence that they are significantly less capable in languages other than English.(Fung是全球人工智能研究人员社区的一员，他们测试了ChatGPT的语言技能，并对有证据表明他们在英语以外的语言能力上明显较差发出了警告。)”可知，Fung发现了自己对更加互联的未来的设想中的偏好：人工智能辅助的购物将是片面的，此外，人工智能在非英语的语言方面能力明显不足。由此可推知，Fung对ChatGPT翻译成其他语言能力持怀疑态度。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。第二段“She’s spotted the bias (偏好) in her vision of a more interconnected future: ...sees this bias in her own field.”多次提到“bias（偏好）”，说明全球人工智能研究人员对人工智能在非英语语言方面的能力有偏见，根据上文“Fung is part of a global community of AI researchers testing the language skills of ChatGPT and sounding the alarm about evidence that they are significantly less capable in languages other than English.(Fung是全球人工智能研究人员社区的一员，他们测试了ChatGPT的语言技能，并对有证据表明他们在英语以外的语言能力上明显较差发出了警告。)”可知，ChatGPT语言技能存在缺陷，此处指Fung最担心的是他们的研究和行为将加剧对英语和英语使用者的偏见，因此“exacerbate”的含义是“使恶化，加剧”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据第四段“Nguyen’s study reports that tests on ChatGPT in March showed it performed substantially worse at answering factual questions or summarizing complex text in non-English languages and was more likely to fabricate (捏造) information.( Nguyen的研究报告称，3月份对ChatGPT的测试显示，它在回答非英语事实性问题或总结复杂文本方面的表现要差得多，而且更有可能编造信息。)”可知，Nguyen的研究汇报显示，ChatGPT无法准确回答非英语语言中的事实问题或总结复杂的文本，并且更容易捏造信息。因此，ChatGPT在将英语转换成其他语言方面遇到了困难。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Fung is part of a global community of AI researchers testing the language skills of ChatGPT and sounding the alarm about evidence that they are significantly less capable in languages other than English.(Fung是全球人工智能研究人员社区的一员，他们测试了ChatGPT的语言技能，并对有证据表明他们在英语以外的语言能力上明显较差发出了警告。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了AI系统擅长将其他语言翻译成英语，但它们在将英语改写成其他语言时却很吃力，Chat GPT 正在将非英语语言排除在人工智能革命之外。D项：ChatGPT: Leaving Non-English Out in AI(ChatGPT：将非英语排除在AI之外)是合适的标题。故选D。 8 It has been more than 40 years since anyone spotted a Japanese river otter (水獭). And the once common Yangtze River dolphins have either disappeared or are very rarely seen. These are just a few of the species that have been listed as extinct or locally extinct in recent years. But the advancement of technology could mean the extinction of other species is not a given (假定事实). A huge challenge scientists and conservationists encounter is tracking species facing extinction to help them. This is where artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about a revolution in the way data on these species is collected and analyzed. One example is the Maui dolphin, one of the rarest and most threatened dolphins in the ocean. Familia r with their summer behavior, researchers knew there were just 54 living off the coast of New Zealand. However, because of weather conditions, researchers knew next to nothing about their winter behavior. After four years of developing, testing and fundraising, these scientists received permission to use a drone (无人机) with Al that tracked the dolphins no matter the season. In parts of Australia, koalas were declared endangered in 2022 due to bushfires, habitat destruction and road accidents. Saving them was challenging because their locations and numbers were relatively unknown. So Grant Hamilton, an associate professor at Queensland University of Technology, began using drones with infrared imaging to locate them. An Al algorithm analyzes images to determine if a sighting is a koala. That information is then used to monitor and protect the species by restoring their habitats and providing health protection. In Zambia’s Kafue National Park, home to more than 6,000 elephants, AI is being used to prevent illegal hunting. Cameras record any boats that try to illegally enter the park. Al immediately detects this activity and sends signals to the park rangers to deal with the illegal hunters. The use of AI has helped to speed up action and increase conservationists’ ability to protect the natural world for generations to come. 1．What's the major problem scientists face to help the endangered animals? A．Lack of funds. B．Tracking their behavior. C．Being forbidden to use drones. D．Limited knowledge about their habitat. 2．What can we say about Maui dolphins? A．Researchers spent 4 years tracking them. B．They have already grown in large numbers. C．They bring about a technical and data revolution. D．Researchers can observe them in any season with drones. 3．How are koalas tracked in Australia? A．By depending on drones with AI. B．By using AI algorithm to analyze data. C．By applying drones with infrared imaging. D．By monitoring their behavior with cameras. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Drones with AI Help us Save Nature B．The Extinction of Endangered Species C．Saving Nature with Technology's Help D．Saving Endangered Animals Has a Long Way 【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学技术的进步在保护濒危动物方面的重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A huge challenge scientists and conservationists encounter is tracking species facing extinction to help them.(科学家和自然资源保护主义者面临的一个巨大挑战是追踪濒临灭绝的物种，以帮助它们。)”可知，科学家们在帮助濒危动物时面临的主要问题是追踪他们的行为。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“After four years of developing, testing and fundraising, these scientists received permission to use a drone(无人机) with Al that tracked the dolphins no matter the season. (经过四年的开发、测试和筹款，这些科学家获得了使用无人机和人工智能的许可，可以在任何季节追踪海豚。)”可知，研究人员可以在任何季节用无人机观察Maui海豚。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“So Grant Hamilton, an associate professor at Queensland University of Technology, began using drones with infrared imaging to locate them. An Al algorithm analyzes images to determine if a sighting is a koala. (因此，昆士兰科技大学副教授Grant Hamilton开始使用带有红外成像的无人机来定位它们。人工智能算法分析图像，以确定目击对象是否是考拉。)”可知，在澳大利亚，是使用具有红外成像的无人机追踪考拉的。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“But the advancement of technology could mean the extinction of other species is not a given(假定事实). (但科技的进步可能意味着其他物种的灭绝不是必然的。)”和最后一段“The use of AI has helped to speed up action and increase conservationists’ ability to protect the natural world for generations to come.(人工智能的使用有助于加快行动速度，提高保护主义者为子孙后代保护自然世界的能力。)”可知，本文主要说明了科学技术的进步有助于保护大自然。C“在科技的帮助下拯救自然”符合主题，故选C项。 9 AI Can Bring Great Benefits to Human Beings The explosion of progress in AI in recent months has surprised even the scientists and engineers who specialize in applying AI to real-life tasks. Several big companies started amazing new programs in a short time, including OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Microsoft’s Bing and Google’s Bard. “A few years ago I never would have imagined we would advance this far this soon,” says Zhe Jiang, a University of Florida researcher who studies applications of AI. Here are some examples of AI applications. In April, a study published in Nature showed that an AI program was as good as or better than human experts at spotting heart problems in patient ultrasound (超声波) images. That is to say, AI is able to match or go beyond human doctors at catching cancers and other disorders by scanning images and tissue samples. Some drug companies are already relying heavily on AI to help find promising new drugs. For example, PsychoGenics, a company specializing in drugs for mental disorders, is improving on the inefficient, inexact and costly process of testing new mental drugs on mice, which typically takes five years. By using AI instead of lab staff to observe the effects of new drugs on mice, the company can test more drugs with greater accuracy at a tenth the cost and two years faster. With 56 million Americans over 65, the high cost and short supply of eldercare workers, eldercare robots have already stepped in. Without using the recent Al advances, robots already watch over seniors with electronic eyes, fetch small items, answer questions. Some of them can already start conversations with seniors, help them recall what happened, and then report the results to family members. Soon, the power of such devices to interact with people will improve greatly. “Caregiving and companion robots equipped with the latest AI can provide ‘empathy’,” says Forrester’s Curran. “They can tell the difference between a senior who is searching through a drawer, and one who is struggling to open a drawer,” he explains. 1．What made scientists surprised according to paragraph 1? A．AI is applied to real-life tasks. B．AI has been developing so swiftly. C．AI can solve some real-life problems. D．AI has helped launch some famous programs. 2．What can we learn about AI from the study in paragraph 2? A．AI can settle disorders by scanning images. B．AI will replace human doctors sooner or later. C．AI is better than human beings in some aspects. D．AI can solve problems in patient ultrasound images. 3．Why does the author take PsychoGenics as an example? A．To explain the difficulty in finding new drugs. B．To show the significance of finding new drugs. C．To draw a comparison between AI and lab staff. D．To convey the importance of AI to drug companies. 4．What does the author most possibly talk about next? A．Some negative effects caused by AI. B．Different opinions about AI application. C．Other aspects of AI application in real-life. D．Some examples of AI helping spot cancer. 【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能为人类带来的巨大益处。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The explosion of progress in AI in recent months has surprised even the scientists and engineers who specialize in applying AI to real-life tasks.(近几个月来，人工智能的爆炸式发展甚至让专门研究将人工智能应用于现实任务的科学家和工程师都感到惊讶)”可知，人们惊讶于AI的进步速度之快。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That is to say, AI is able to match or go beyond human doctors at catching cancers and other disorders by scanning images and tissue samples.(也就是说，人工智能能够通过扫描图像和组织样本来发现癌症和其他疾病，甚至超过人类医生)”可知，人工智能在某些方面比人类更好。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Some drug companies are already relying heavily on AI to help find promising new drugs. For example, PsychoGenics, a company specializing in drugs for mental disorders, is improving on the inefficient, inexact and costly process of testing new mental drugs on mice, which typically takes five years.(一些制药公司已经严重依赖人工智能来帮助寻找有前景的新药。例如，专门研究精神疾病药物的公司PsychoGenics正在改进在老鼠身上测试新型精神药物的效率低下、不精确且成本高昂的过程，该过程通常需要5年时间)”可知，作者讲述了PsychoGenics公司利用了AI提高了效率和准确率，同时还降低了成本，这一事例表明了人工智能对于制药公司的重要性。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The explosion of progress in AI in recent months has surprised even the scientists and engineers who specialize in applying AI to real-life tasks.(近几个月来，人工智能的爆炸式发展甚至让专门研究将人工智能应用于现实任务的科学家和工程师都感到惊讶)”可知，第一段总述了AI发展迅猛以及在现实生活中的应用惊艳到了科学家，引出话题。第二段到第四段分别讲述AI在现实生活中的积极应用。第二段讲在诊断病情方面的应用，第三段讲在帮助找到新药方面的应用，第四段讲述是在护理方面的应用。按照文章的推进，短文接下来最有可能继续讲述AI在现实生活中的积极应用。故选C。 10 In 1835, William Talbot finally succeeded in producing a photograph of his country house. He declared that his was the first house ever known to have drawn its own picture. The drawing was formed “by the action of light upon sensitive paper.” Photography offered nature a “pencil” to paint herself through optical (光学的) and chemical means alone. By the mid-nineteenth century, people no longer needed to hire a draftsman to draw detailed images because the process could be completed instantly with a camera. Advocates for the technology stated that not only was it more precise than the human hand — it was faster and cheaper. The removal of human fallibility in the creating process was one of photography’s biggest selling points, but this also started debates about the new medium’s implications for visual culture. Could images made largely by a machine be considered art? If so, where did human creativity fit in this process? As the twenty-first century becomes increasingly automated, more and more people attempt to identify where human agency exists in the technologically driven world. Images generated with artificial intelligence by companies like OpenAI are stimulating questions like those that emerged with the coming of the photograph. By typing a sentence, users can generate “new” images composed from images collected across the Internet. The result has been a flood of Al-generated images in places that are previously unique to human authors. Painting competitions, commercial graphic design and the fashion of portraiture (肖像) have all since collided (碰撞) with the technology in troubling ways. The fine arts were thought to be a final hold-out of human creativity, but the surprisingly high quality of AI-generated images is producing deeper questions about the nature of originality. If the history of photography tells us anything, it’s that the debate won’t be settled quickly, straightforwardly, or by the institutions we typically associate with cultural gate keeping. 1．Why did Talbot declare that his house had drawn its own picture? A．To downplay human factors in the creation. B．To investigate a supernatural phenomenon. C．To show his advanced knowledge in science. D．To demonstrate the beauty of his country house. 2．What does the underlined word “fallibility” mean in paragraph 3? A．Expecting a high price. B．Detailing the images. C．Being likely to make errors. D．Becoming sensitive to light. 3．What do Open AI and cameras have in common? A．They improve the taste of beauty. B．They advocate fashion designs. C．They challenge human agency. D．They produce original images. 4．What did the author indicate by referring to the history of photography? A．Cultural gatekeepers will solve the issue as they did. B．AI-generated images will go through a similar debate. C．The nature of originality will be held in human hands. D．The fine arts will include photography and AI images. 【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摄影术自诞生以来对视觉文化和艺术创作的影响，以及这一影响如何在人工智能生成图像的当代背景下重演。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He declared that his was the first house ever known to have drawn its own picture. The drawing was formed “by the action of light upon sensitive paper.” Photography offered nature a “pencil” to paint herself through optical and chemical means alone.(他宣称他的房子是已知的第一个自己画房子的房子。这幅画是“光在感光纸上的作用”形成的。摄影为大自然提供了一支“铅笔”，仅通过光学和化学手段为自己作画)”可知，William Talbot在强调摄影作为一种新技术，能够通过非人为直接操作的方式捕捉图像，从而降低了人在创作过程中的介入程度。由此推知，William Talbot宣称他的房子画了自己的画是为了淡化创作中的人为因素。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段空前“The removal of human(消除人类的)”及空后“in the creating process(在创造过程中)”可推知，摄影最大的卖点之一是它可以减少在创作过程中人为错误的可能性。由此可知，划线词与C项“很可能犯错误”意义相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根基文章第四段“As the twenty-first century becomes increasingly automated, more and more people attempt to identify where human agency exists in the technologically driven world. Images generated with artificial intelligence by companies like OpenAI are stimulating questions like those that emerged with the coming of the photograph.(随着21世纪自动化程度的不断提高，越来越多的人试图在技术驱动的世界中确定人类能动性的存在位置。OpenAI等公司利用人工智能生成的图像，正如摄影术出现时一样，引发了诸多问题)”可知，OpenAI和相机的共同之处在于都挑战了人类的能动性。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If the history of photography tells us anything, it’s that the debate won’t be settled quickly, straightforwardly, or by the institutions we typically associate with cultural gate keeping.(如果说摄影的历史告诉了我们什么，那就是这场争论不会很快、直截了当地得到解决，也不会由我们通常与文化把关联系在一起的机构来解决)”可推知，作者提到摄影的历史是想说明人工智能生成的图像将经历类似的辩论。故选B。 11 As AI technology is improving by leaps and bounds, a low-cost computer training program can help older persons drive less dangerously, according to a recent research. “It is Drive Smart, a training program, that is developed by us, which could be used by anyone who has a computer,” says Jing Feng, co-author of the study and a professor of psychology at Stanford University. “Drive Smart is a cognitive (认知的) training program that can help older persons notice traffic risks more effectively. Our goal of recent study was to see to what degree Drive Smart changes trainees’ driving behaviors when they get behind the wheel.” The researchers sought out 24 persons aged 65 and up to test Drive Smart. In a driving simulator (模拟器), all of the study participants experienced a basic driving exam. The “active training” group was made up of eight of the study participants. Every two weeks, the active training group had two Drive Smart trainings. A group of eight additional study participants was asked to take “passive training” where this group watched videos of others receiving the Drive Smart instruction. This happened twice, with each lasting about a week. The control group, which was made up of the remaining eight study participants, received no training. After that, all 24 study participants performed a second driving exam in the simulator. Compared with the other two groups, the study participants in the active training group experienced 23% fewer “unsafe incidents” following the training, according to the researchers. There was no obvious change in the number of dangerous incidents among study participants in the passive training and control groups. “This testing was conducted with a fairly limited number of study participants,” Feng says in the interview. “If we can succeed in getting sufficient fund, we’d like to further our testing with more people to clearly prove how effective this training is at reducing accidents among older drivers.” 1．Where might the text most probably be taken from? A．A website. B．A newspaper. C．A science fiction. D．A test report. 2．What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A．The specific pattern of the test. B．The underlying meaning of the test. C．The driving behavior of three training groups. D．The theoretical basis for the training program. 3．Jing Feng found that the “Passive training” group rarely changed their driving behavior though ________. A．they had reduced dangerous incidents apparently B．they had experienced insecure incidents previously C．they had been shown instructive videos about two weeks D．they had received Drive Smart trainings every other week 4．What is Feng’s attitude towards the testing result? A．Disapproving. B．Frustrated. C．Critical. D．Optimistic. 【答案与解析】本文是新闻报道。这篇文章报道了一项关于使用AI技术帮助老年人更安全驾驶的研究，介绍了一种名为“Drive Smart”的计算机训练程序，并详细描述了研究人员如何进行实验和实验结果。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“As AI technology is improving by leaps and bounds, a low-cost computer training program can help older persons drive less dangerously, according to a recent research.(根据最近的一项研究，随着人工智能技术的突飞猛进，一项低成本的计算机培训计划可以帮助老年人降低驾驶危险)”以及纵观全文可知，这篇文章报道了一项关于使用AI技术帮助老年人更安全驾驶的研究，所以推知本文应是可能取自一份报纸。故选B项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The researchers sought out 24 persons aged 65 and up to test Drive Smart. In a driving simulator (模拟器), all of the study participants experienced a basic driving exam. The “active training” group was made up of eight of the study participants. Every two weeks, the active training group had two Drive Smart trainings. A group of eight additional study participants was asked to take “passive training” where this group watched videos of others receiving the Drive Smart instruction. This happened twice, with each lasting about a week. The control group, which was made up of the remaining eight study participants, received no training. After that, all 24 study participants performed a second driving exam in the simulator.(研究人员找了24位65岁及以上的人来测试Drive Smart。在驾驶模拟器中，所有的研究参与者都经历了一次基本的驾驶考试。“积极训练”组由8名研究参与者组成。每两周，积极训练组进行两次Smart驾驶训练。另外一组8名研究参与者被要求接受“被动训练”，这组人观看其他人接受智能驾驶指导的视频。这种情况发生了两次，每次持续大约一周。对照组由剩下的8名研究参与者组成，他们没有接受任何培训。之后，所有24名研究参与者在模拟器中进行了第二次驾驶考试)”可知，本段主要讲述了测试的具体模式。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“A group of eight additional study participants was asked to take “passive training” where this group watched videos of others receiving the Drive Smart instruction. This happened twice, with each lasting about a week.(另外一组8名研究参与者被要求接受“被动训练”，这组人观看其他人接受智能驾驶指导的视频。这种情况发生了两次，每次持续大约一周)”可知，“被动训练”组看了大约两周的指导性视频。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““This testing was conducted with a fairly limited number of study participants,” Feng says in the interview. “If we can succeed in getting sufficient fund, we’d like to further our testing with more people to clearly prove how effective this training is at reducing accidents among older drivers.”(“这项测试是在相当有限的研究参与者中进行的，”Feng在采访中说。“如果我们能成功获得足够的资金，我们希望在更多人身上进行进一步的测试，以清楚地证明这种培训在减少老年司机事故方面的有效性。”)”可知，Feng认为这种培训在减少老年司机事故方面是有效的，所以他对测试结果的态度是乐观的。故选D项。 12 The words “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t ones normally associated with technology. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser who is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying to change that. Yearsley is the founder of Akin, a robotics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system to help users manage the tasks related to home life, whether that’s planning meals or reminding you to pay your cell phone bill. Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy. In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built for it’s a complex system,” Yearsley says. Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized the need to better manage the home is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work. A United Nations’ report estimates that women do2.6 times the amount of unpaid care and domestic work that men do, or close to 30 hours per week in the U. S. alone. While Yearsley pictures an army of robots someday helping with routine homemade tasks, the first display for Akin will take time and money. Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future. 1．What might the Akin’s AI system suggest? A．Consuming more drinks to enjoy yourself. B．Staying up late working to make more money. C．Spending more time staying with your family. D．Purchasing products that may attract you. 2．What made Yearsley develop the Akin’s AI system? A．The high cost of current home devices. B．Akin’s becoming a finalist for a program. C．Financial support from investors. D．Heavy burden of housewives. 3．What can be used to describe the Akin’s AI system? A．Questionable and unhealthy. B．Unstable and insecure. C．Thoughtful and innovative. D．Mature and ideal. 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To introduce a futuristic AI system. B．To compare two companies’ AI systems. C．To call on people to care about housewives. D．To seek support for an AI expert. 【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动)”可知Akin的人工智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized .the need to better manage the home is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work.(Yearsley在2017年开始开发Akin技术，当时她意识到更好地管理家庭的需求被严重忽视。此外，她意识到女性承担家务的负担是不平等的)”可知，Yearsley的AI系统研发的因素之一就是家庭主妇和照顾者的沉重负担。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy.(目前由谷歌、亚马逊或苹果生产的家用设备使用预测性人工智能来跟踪模式、强化行为并操控购买决策。其中有一些，她认为，是有问题的或者不健康的)”和第三段的“In contrast, the Al that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。)”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系统是考虑周到的且新颖的。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future.( Akin已经从一些投资者那里获得了一些早期种子资金，最近还入选了科技巨头LG Nova的“未来使命”项目的决赛名单，该项目是一个年度挑战，旨在寻找有潜力改善生活、引领社会走向未来的企业)”并结合全文可知，本文的目的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。故选A。 13 Predicting extreme weather events is a tricky business. Changing climate conditions have increased the frequency of severe storms, floods, and heatwaves, along with larger wildfires. As a result, scientists are using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for more accurate forecasts that help to minimize damage and save lives. Researchers at Pennsylvania State University have worked together with meteorologists (气象学家) to analyze more than 50,000 weather satellite images to quickly identify storms. They found comma-shaped cloud formations that often lead to severe weather such as hail, blizzards, high winds, and thunderstorms. Computers were then taught using computer vision and machine learning to automatically detect these clouds from satellite images, with almost 100 percent accuracy, in less than a minute. By refocusing meteorologists’ attention on potential storm cloud formation the AI tool helped predict 64 percent of severe weather events and beat established detection systems. Expensive supercomputers are often used to process vast amounts of data needed for accurate weather prediction. But powerful AI methods can run on smaller computers. Climate risk and planning company ClimateAI uses a technique to downscale global weather forecasts to a local scale, cutting down on costs and computing power. It uses a machine learning technique that pits two neural networks against each other. The neural networks—designed to work like neurons connected in the brain—fight and train each other using global weather data until they get a result. Using this method ClimateAI researchers generate highly accurate and inexpensive local forecasts for hours or days ahead. And because it is not as costly, it allows poorer countries affected by climate change to use forecasts to change the way they farm, build bridges, roads, or homes, and adapt to extreme weather. Average costs associated with extreme weather events in the United States have increased steadily since 1980. These have costly impacts on cities’ basic services, infrastructure, housing, human livelihoods, and health. AI helps us to calculate that risk and can be used as a preventive measure. 1．What can be inferred from Para.1? A．Inaccurate forecasts minimize the destruction. B．AI enhances accuracy in making weather prediction. C．Less natural disasters are caused by climate change. D．Changeable climate decreased the frequency of serious storms. 2．Which is NOT an advantage of AI tool? A．Being steadier. B．Being cheaper. C．Being quicker. D．Being more precise. 3．What is the function of Para.5? A．To explain how Climate AI works. B．To introduce why AI methods are used. C．To show where ClimateAI can be applied. D．To identify what effects of the AI tool has. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards AI techniques in predicting extreme weather? A．Critical. B．Approving. C．Objective. D．Indifferent. 【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了使用人工智能能准确地预测极端天气的研究发现。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Predicting extreme weather events is a tricky business. Changing climate conditions have increased the frequency of severe storms, floods, and heatwaves, along with larger wildfires. As a result, scientists are using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for more accurate forecasts that help to minimize damage and save lives.(预测极端天气事件是一件棘手的事情。不断变化的气候条件增加了严重风暴、洪水和热浪以及更大规模野火的发生频率。因此，科学家们正在使用人工智能(AI)技术进行更准确的预测，以帮助最大限度地减少损失并挽救生命。)”可推知，人工智能提高了天气预报的准确性。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Computers were then taught using computer vision and machine learning to automatically detect these clouds from satellite images, with almost 100 percent accuracy, in less than a minute.(然后，计算机使用计算机视觉和机器学习技术，在不到一分钟的时间内，从卫星图像中自动检测出这些云，准确率几乎达到100%。)”可知，AI工具的优点是快速和准确；根据文章第四段“Climate risk and planning company ClimateAI uses a technique to downscale global weather forecasts to a local scale, cutting down on costs and computing power.(气候风险和规划公司ClimateAI使用一种技术将全球天气预报缩小到局部范围，从而降低成本和计算能力。)”可知，AI工具具有降低成本的优点。A项：Being steadier.(更稳定)没有提及。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“It uses a machine learning technique that pits two neural networks against each other. The neural networks - designed to work like neurons connected in the brain - fight and train each other using global weather data until they get a result.( 它使用了一种机器学习技术，让两个神经网络相互竞争。这些神经网络——被设计成像大脑中连接的神经元一样工作——利用全球天气数据相互战斗和训练，直到得到结果。)”可知，本段主要解释ClimateAI是如何工作的。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Average costs associated with extreme weather events in the United States have increased steadily since 1980. These have costly impacts on cities’ basic services, infrastructure, housing, human livelihoods, and health. AI helps us to calculate that risk and can be used as a preventive measure.(自1980年以来，美国与极端天气事件相关的平均成本稳步上升。这些对城市的基本服务、基础设施、住房、人类生计和健康造成了代价高昂的影响。人工智能可以帮助我们计算这种风险，并可以用作预防措施。)”可知，人工智能可以帮助我们计算这种风险，并可以用作预防措施，由此可知，作者对于人工智能在预测极端气候方面的态度是赞成的。故选B。 14 (CNN) —European Union lawmakers struck a deal Friday agreeing to one of the world’s first major comprehensive artificial intelligence laws. The landmark legislation, called the AI Act, sets up a regulatory (监管) framework to promote the development of AI while addressing the risks associated with the rapidly developing technology. The legislation bans harmful AI practices “considered to be a clear threat to people’s safety, livelihoods and rights”. In a news conference, Roberta Metsola, the president of the European Parliament, called the law “a balanced and human-centered approach” that will “no doubt be setting the global standard for years to come”. The regulatory framework, which classifies AI uses by risk and increases regulation on higher risk levels, was first proposed in 2021. The riskiest uses for AI are banned. According to the law, those include systems that exploit specific disadvantaged groups, biometric identification systems for law enforcement purposes and artificial intelligence that arranges controllable “subconscious techniques”. Limited risk systems, such as chat-bots like Open AI’s ChatGPT, or technology that generates images, audio or video content, are subject to new transparency (透明) duties under the law. “The AI Act is much more than a rulebook—it’s a launchpad for EU start-ups and researchers to lead the global AI race,” Thierry Breton, the EU Commissioner for Internal Market, wrote on social media, “The best is yet to come.” Artificial intelligence broke into the mainstream with the launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT chat-bot in November 2022. Seemingly overnight, generative AI technology exploded in popularity and spurred an AI arms race. But AI’s disturbance reaches far beyond the world of big tech: Educators have struggled with generative AI’s ability to complete schoolwork assignments; artists and musicians have fought with the potential for Al-fueled imitation (模仿) and even the media industry has seen its debate. 1．What is the text? A．A short story. B．An art review. C．A news report. D．A research paper. 2．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us? A．AI risk regulation, B．AI risk classification. C．AI regulatory framework. D．AI regulatory framework usage. 3．What is Thierry’s attitude towards the AI Act? A．Positive. B．Indifferent. C．Disapproving. D．Suspicious. 4．What does the underlined word “spurred” mean in the last paragraph? A．Ruined. B．Caused. C．Updated. D．Interrupted. 【答案与解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了欧盟立法者周五达成了一项人工智能法案，着重介绍了人工智能的风险监管，意义和反响。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的电头CNN（美国广播公司） 和下文中的“European Union lawmakers struck a deal Friday agreeing to one of the world’s first major comprehensive artificial intelligence laws.(（CNN）—— 欧盟立法者周五达成协议，同意世界上第一个主要的综合性人工智能法律之一)”可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了欧盟立法者周五达成了一项人工智能法案，着重介绍了人工智能的风险监管，意义和反响。故选C项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“The regulatory framework, which classifies AI uses by risk and increases regulation on higher risk levels, was first proposed in 2021. The riskiest uses for AI are banned. (该监管框架于2021年首次提出，根据风险对人工智能的使用进行分类，并增加对高风险级别的监管。人工智能最危险的用途是被禁止的。)”以及下文中介绍的对人工智能风险的监管范围的介绍可知，本段主要介绍的是人工智能的风险监管。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Thierry Breton, the EU Commissioner for Internal Market, wrote on social media, “The best is yet to come.”(欧盟内部市场专员蒂埃里·布雷顿在社交媒体上写道，“最好的还在后头。”)”可知，蒂埃里·布雷顿在社交媒体上提到“最好的还在后头”，由此可推断，蒂埃里·布雷顿对《人工智能法案》持支持的态度。故选A项。 4．词义猜测题。根据尾段中的“Seemingly overnight, generative AI technology exploded in popularity…(似乎一夜之间，生成式人工智能技术大受欢迎……)”可知，生成式人工智能技术大受欢迎，结合划线单词前的and可知，下文中讲述的应是人工智能技术大受欢迎所带来的影响，即“引起了一场人工智能军备竞赛”，结合选项可知，划线单词的意思应与“引起”的意义相近。故选B项。 15 Researchers hope brain implants will one day help people with aphasia (失语症) to get their voice back — and maybe even to sing. Now, for the first time, scientists have demonstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decoded and used to reconstruct music. A new study analyzed data from 29 people monitored for epileptic seizures (癫痫发作), using electrodes (电极) on the surface of their brain. As participants listened to a selected song, electrodes captured brain activity related to musical elements, such as tone, rhythm, and lyrics. Employing machine learning, Robert Knight from UC Berkeley and his colleagues reconstructed what the participants were hearing and published their study results. The paper is the first to suggest that scientists can “listen secretly to” the brain to synthesize (合成) music. To turn brain activity data into musical sound, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI)model to decode data captured from thousands of electrodes that were attached to the participants as they listened to the song while undergoing surgery. Once the brain data were fed through the model, the music returned. The model also revealed some brain parts responding to different musical features of the song. Although the findings focused on music, the researchers expect their results to be most useful for translating brain waves into human speech. Ludovic Bellier, the study’s lead author, explains that speech, regardless of language, has small melodic differences — tempo, stress, accents, and intonation — known as prosody (韵律). These elements carry meaning that we can’t communicate with words alone. He hopes the model will improve brain-computer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that record speech-associated brain waves and use algorithms to reconstruct intended messages. This technology, still in its infancy, could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of aphasia. Future research should investigate whether these models can be expanded from music that participants have heard to imagined internal speech. If a brain-computer interface could recreate someone’s speech with the prosody and emotional weight found in music, it could offer a richer communication experience beyond mere words. Several barriers remain before we can put this technology in the hands — or brains — of patients. The current model relies on surgical implants. As recording techniques improve, the hope is to gather data non-invasively, possibly using ultrasensitive electrodes. However, under current technologies, this approach might result in a lower speed of decoding into natural speech. The researchers also hope to improve the playback clarity by packing the electrodes closer together on the brain’s surface, enabling an even more detailed look at the electrical symphony the brain produces. 1．What can we learn from the study? A．Electrodes can analyze musical elements. B．The decoding of brain data helps recreate music. C．Machine learning greatly enhances brain activity. D．The AI model monitors music-responsive brain regions. 2．What hopefully makes it possible to expand the model to speech? A．The prosody of speech. B．The collection of brain waves. C．The emotional weight of music. D．The reconstruction of information. 3．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Unlocking the Secrets of Melodic Mind B．Brain Symphony: Synthesized Human Speech C．BCI Brings Hope to People with Aphasia D．Remarkable Journey: Decoding Brain with AI 【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家首次证明大脑电活动可解码并用于重构音乐，他们还期望该研究成果能助失语症患者恢复说话能力，未来需克服一些障碍才能将此技术应用于患者。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段的“To turn brain activity data into musical sound, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI) model to decode data captured from thousands of electrodes that were attached to the participants as they listened to the song while undergoing surgery.(为了将大脑活动数据转化为音乐声音，研究人员训练了一个人工智能模型来解码从数千个电极捕获的数据，这些电极是在参与者接受手术时听歌曲时连接到他们身上的)”可知，解码大脑数据有助于重新创造音乐。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Although the findings focused on music, the researchers expect their results to be most useful for translating brain waves into human speech. Ludovic Bellier, the study’s lead author, explains that speech, regardless of language, has small melodic differences—tempo, stress, accents, and intonation—known as prosody. These elements carry meaning that we can’t communicate with words alone. He hopes the model will improve brain-computer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that record speech-associated brain waves and use algorithms to reconstruct intended messages.(尽管研究结果主要集中在音乐上，但研究人员希望他们的结果在将脑电波转换为人类语言方面最有用。该研究的主要作者Ludovic Bellier解释说，无论语言是什么，语音都有小的旋律差异——节奏、重音、口音和语调——被称为韵律。这些元素所承载的意义是我们无法仅用语言交流的。他希望这个模型能够改善脑机接口，这是一种辅助设备，可以记录与语音相关的脑电波，并使用算法来重建预期的信息)”可知，是语音的韵律使得将模型扩展到语音成为可能。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Researchers hope brain implants will one day help people with aphasia to get their voice back — and maybe even to sing. Now, for the first time, scientists have demonstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decoded and used to reconstruct music.(研究人员希望大脑植入物有一天能帮助失语症患者恢复声音，甚至可能唱歌。现在，科学家们第一次证明，大脑的电活动可以被解码并用于重建音乐)”可知，文章主要讲科学家首次证明大脑电活动可解码并用于重构音乐，他们还期望该研究成果能助失语症患者恢复说话能力，未来需克服一些障碍才能将此技术应用于患者。由此可知，C选项“脑机接口为失语症患者带来希望”能够很好地概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C。 二、语法填空 1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A blogger from Sichuan, nicknamed “AI Crazy House,” 1 (release) an AI-generated animated short film of “Journey to the West” 2 the Internet. The film shocked netizens with its visual effects and opened up new 3 (possibility) for presenting classic works in film and television. Through deep learning and innovative techniques, AI reinterpreted this Chinese literary masterpiece, 4 (deliver) breathtaking visual effects and emotional experiences. The blogger, Mr. Feng, has 15 years of art experience. He stated that the video, 5 would have taken at least six months to produce manually, was completed in a week with the help of AI. He also explained the steps 6 (generate) videos with AI. Taking the first episode of “Journey to the West” as 7 example, from the beginning of chaos to the birth of the stone monkey to the learning of art, he emphasized the need to determine the required number of pictures and storyboards. He mentioned using ChatGPT to analyze the original text, complete storyboard planning, use AI painting software for drawing, 8 then employ “picture-to-video” software to animate the images. These processes 9 (general) produce a large number of preliminary drafts. “At present, it is difficult for AI 10 (understand) my meaning.” Mr. Feng said. 【答案】 1．released 2．on 3．possibilities 4．delivering 5．which 6．to generate 7．an 8．and 9．generally 10．to understand 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用AI辅助生成的西游记视频片段取得了巨大成功。如果人工制作此类视频大概需要六个月，但是利用AI辅助制作仅需要一周左右。 1．考查一般过去时。句意：近日，一位来自四川、昵称为“人工智能疯狂屋”的博主在网络上发布了一部由人工智能生成的《西游记》动画短片。分析句子可知，release在句子里充当谓语，其主语是“A blogger”；全文都为一般过去时，故答案是released。 2．考查介词搭配。句意：近日，一位来自四川、昵称为“人工智能疯狂屋”的博主在网络上发布了一部由人工智能生成的《西游记》动画短片。横线后是Internet（因特网），“在网上”的英文是“on the Internet”，故答案是on。 3．考查名词。句意：这部电影以其视觉效果震撼了网友，也为经典作品在影视中的呈现开辟了新的可能。possibility是可数名词，意思是“可能性”，其形容词是possible；横线前没有冠词，可判断应该使用其复数形式，故答案是possibilities。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过深度学习和创新技术，人工智能重新诠释了这部中国文学名著，为观众带来了令人惊叹的视觉效果和情感体验。分析句子可知，本句已经存在谓语reinterpreted，所以deliver在句子里需要转化为非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是AI，二者呈主动关系，应该使用现在分词形式，故答案是delivering。 5．考查定语从句。句意：他表示，这段手动制作至少需要六个月的视频，在人工智能的帮助下只花了一周时间就完成了。横线后是完整句子，横线前是名词video，可判断本句是定语从句。先行词是video，在从句中充当主语，而且本句是带逗号的非限定性定语从句，不可以使用that，故答案是which。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：他还解释了用人工智能生成视频的步骤。分析句子可知，本句已经存在谓语explained，所以generate需要转化为非谓语的形式；可判断横线是用来修饰steps的后置定语，修饰steps需要使用to do的形式，故答案是to generate。 7．考查冠词。句意：以《西游记》第一集为例。example是可数名词，意思是“例子”，本句使用了固定搭配“take sth. as an example”，意思是“拿……举个例子”，故答案是an。 8．考查连词。句意：他提到了使用ChatGPT来分析原文，完成故事板规划，使用人工智能绘画软件进行绘图，然后使用“图片转视频”软件对图像进行动画化。分析句子可知，横线前后并列了四个动词，分别是analyze, complete, use和employ，根据语法规则，多个动词并列，需要在最后两个动词之间添加连词。根据句意，并列关系可以使用连词and，故答案是and。 9．考查副词。句意：这些过程一般会产生大量的初稿。general是形容词，意思是“一般的”，分析句子可知，横线在句子里修饰动词produce，所以需要使用副词，故答案是generally。 10．考查固定句型。句意：目前，人工智能很难理解我的意思。本句符合句型“it is + adj. + for sb. + to do”，意思是“做某事对某人来说是……的”，故答案是to understand。 2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many measures have been taken to fight food waste, but one young man is making a big difference with technology. Liu Jichen, 23, 1 student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini-program 2 (call) “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image 3 (recognize) by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals donated 4 children in rural areas. Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year, 5 has swept over 1,017 6 (university) across the country. The one-month campaign attracted almost 1.6 million participants and 7 (reduce) food waste by 862 tons in total, The China Youth Daily reported. Thanks to his innovative and 8 (practice) actions concerning social issues, Liu was awarded by the UN Office of the Secretary General’s Envoy on Youth in September, 2020. “Through the campaign, we hope to inspire everyone 9 (take) action against food waste and to contribute Chinese 10 (wise) and solutions to global food security challenges,” he said. 【答案】 1．a 2．called 3．is recognized 4．to 5．which 6．universities 7．reduced 8．practical 9．to take 10．wisdom 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。来自清华大学的柳济琛同学发明了名叫“光盘打卡”的微信小程序，激励每个人采取行动反对食物浪费。 1．考查冠词。句意：23岁的柳济琛是清华大学的一名学生，他开发了一个微信小程序，名为“光盘打卡”。student是可数名词，此处作Liu Jichen的同位语，表示一名来自清华大学的学生，应用不定冠词，student为辅音音素发音，应用a。故填a。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：23岁的柳济琛是清华大学的一名学生，他开发了一个微信小程序，名为“光盘打卡”。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式；逻辑主语a WeChat mini-program与动词call之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词，此处整个分词短语作后置定语。故填called。 3．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一旦图像被人工智能识别，学生就可以收集积分，用它们购买礼物或购买捐赠给农村地区儿童的慈善餐。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；主语为the image，与动词recognize之间为被动关系，应用被动语态be done结构；此处描述一般情况，用一般现在时；主语为单数形式，故谓语动词也用单数形式。故填is recognized。 4．考查介词。句意：一旦图像被人工智能识别，学生就可以收集积分，用它们购买礼物或购买捐赠给农村地区儿童的慈善餐。donate... to...表示“把……捐赠给……”，是固定搭配。故填to。 5．考查定语从句。句意：柳济琛和他的团队与其他组织一起，于11月发起了“光盘打卡”活动，这是该活动的第三年，已经席卷了全国1017所大学。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的the “Clear Your Plate” campaign，这是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词表示物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6．考查名词。句意：柳济琛和他的团队与其他组织一起，于11月发起了“光盘打卡”活动，这是该活动的第三年，已经席卷了全国1017所大学。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；根据空前数词1017可知，此处表复数含义，应用名词复数。故填universities。 7．考查动词时态。句意：据《中国青年报》报道，为期一个月的活动吸引了近160万人参与，共减少了862吨食物浪费。分析句子可知，设空处与前面的attracted作并列作谓语，时态应保持一致，用一般过去时。故填reduced。 8．考查形容词。句意：由于他在社会问题上的创新和实际行动，柳济琛于2020年9月被联合国秘书长青年问题特使办公室授予荣誉称号。分析句子可知，设空处与innovative共同作定语修饰名词actions，此处应用形容词；practice的形容词形式为practical，表示“实际的”。故填practical。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望通过这次活动，激励每个人都采取行动，反对粮食浪费，为全球粮食安全挑战贡献中国智慧和解决方案。inspire sb. to do sth为固定搭配，表示“激励某人做某事”，此处to do不定式作宾语补足语。故填to take。 10．考查名词。句意：我们希望通过这次活动，激励每个人都采取行动，反对粮食浪费，为全球粮食安全挑战贡献中国智慧和解决方案。分析句子可知，设空处作动词contribute的宾语，被形容词Chinese修饰，此处应用名词；wise的名词形式为wisdom，表示“智慧”。故填wisdom。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$