Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.（知识清单）英语人教版九年级全一册

Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. Unit4 话题 谈论生活变化 词汇 1. 背景 2. 害羞；腼腆 3. 人群；观众 4. 吨；大量；许多5. 讲话；发言6. 蚂蚁 7. 昆虫 8. 考试；审查 9. 自豪；骄傲 10. 介绍 11. 对付； 12. 敢于；胆敢 13. 需要；需求 14. 不及格；失败；未能（做到）15. 不常；很少 16. 确切地；精确 17. 有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的 18. 不说话的；沉默的 19. 有用的；有帮助的 20. 私人的；私密的 21. 英国（人）的 22. 缺席；不在 23. 自豪的；骄傲的 24. （adj）亚洲（人）的（n）亚洲人 25. （n）警卫；看守（v）守卫；保卫26. （adj）欧洲（人）的（n）欧洲人 27. （adj）非洲（人）的（n）非洲人 28. （n）民众（adj）公开的；公众的 29. （n/v）影响 30. （adj）总的；普遍的（n）将军 31. （v/n）得分；进球 32. （v）采访；面试（n）面试；访谈 短语 时常；有时 应对；处理 公开地 寄宿学校 亲身；亲自 为……感到自豪 为……骄傲；感到自豪 学着做；开始做 一直；总是 大量的 闲逛 发表演讲 缺席 尽管；即使 要求某人做某事 不再 敢于做某事 在过去 准备好做某事 放弃 句型 1.Mario, you used to be short, didn’t you? 2.What's he like now? 3.This party is such a great idea! 4.It's been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates. 5.For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang. 6.Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. 7.As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school. 8.Now she's not shy anymore and loves singing in front of crowds. 9.Well,”she begins slowly,"you have to be prepared to give up your normal life.…” 10.You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed. 11.Only a very small number of people make it to the top. 12.giving a speech in public. 13.When he was a little boy,he seldom caused any problems,and his family spent a lot of time together. 14.Li Wen's unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. 15.Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. 16.She advised them to talk with their son in person. 17.They take pride in everything good that I do. 语法 反义疑问句； 写作 谈论生活变化 be prepared to do sth 准备好做某事 give up 放弃 考点1反意疑问句 1.Mario, you used to be short, didn’t you? 马里奥，你过去很矮，不是吗？ 【用法详解】 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 反意疑问句：反意疑问句是指在陈述句后附加一个简短问句，简短问句的主语应为相应的代词。 ( 反意疑问句的两种形式： （1） 肯定 的陈述句+ 否定 的附加疑问句 （2） 否定 的陈述句+ 肯定 的附加疑问句 即遵循“ 前 肯 后 否 ，前 否 后 肯 ”原则 ) ( 陈述句部分 附加疑问句部分 be动词 / 情态动词 / 助动词+主语 )【句式剖析】You used to be short, didn’t you? 【注意】陈述句和附加问句在人称、数和时态上必须保持一致， 且附加问句的主语必须为代词。 【拓展延伸】反意疑问句的答语 （1） 反意疑问句的答语应符合事实。事实是肯定的用yes，事实是否定的用no （2） 当句式是“前否后肯”的结构时，翻译要以事实为依据，yes翻译为“不是”，no翻译为“是的” ( 前肯后否 ) ( 否定 ) ( 肯定 )►—She is a student, isn’t she? 她是一个学生，不是吗？ —Yes, she is.是的，她是/No, she isn’t.不，她不是 ( 前否后肯 ) ( 肯定 ) ( 否定 )►—Jim didn’t come to school yesterday, did he? ( 【注意】陈述句中含有no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little（少）,seldom, hardly等有否定意义的词时，附加疑问句用肯定形式 )—Yes, he did.不，他来了。 —No, he didn’t.是的，他没有来。 【经典练】 1．Jae used to __________ in the small village. Now he get used to __________ in the big city. A．live; living B．living; living C．live; live D．living; live 2．—I heard the traffic in the city _______ be terrible! —Yes, but it has improved a lot. I think you will _______ it soon. A．used to; used to B．get used to; used to C．used to; get used to 3．Your brother rarely gets up late even at weekends. (改为反义疑问句) Your brother rarely gets up late even at weekends, ? 4．Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend. (改为反义疑问句) Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend, ​​​​​​​ ? 考点2 .“What's sb./ sth.like?"意为“某人/某物什么样?” 【教材原句】What's he like now? 现在他什么样? 【拓展】 表示“某人/某物什么样”的句型: 询问人 What is / What's+人+like? 询问性格或外貌 What does /do+人+look like? 询问外貌 How+be+人? 询问身体状况 询问物 What is / What's+物+like? 询问属性、形状、大小或质量等 What does /do+物+look like? How+be+物? —What is he like?(询问性格特征)他什么样? —He is strict but kind.他很严格但是很善良。 —What does he look like?(询问外貌)他长什么样? —He is very tall.他个子很高。 —What's your new bike like? = How is your new bike? 你的新自行车怎么样? —Very good.很好。 【经典练】 1．—James, can you tell me ________? — Paul? I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet. A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes 2．Nobody knows ________ life ________ in the future. A．what; will like B．how; will be like C．what; will be like D．how; will like 考点3.such和so那么的;这样的 【教材原句】This party is such a great idea! 这次聚会真是个好主意! 【句型剖析】such在此处作形容词,意为“那么的;这样的”,在句中起强调作用,用于修饰名词。 She is such a kind girl.她是一个如此好的女孩。 【辨析】 such 与so such是形容词,修饰名词或名词短语， a(n)+(形容词+)单数可数名词 such a (good) holiday这样(好)的假期 (形容词+)复数可数名词 such+ such (beautiful) girls这样(漂亮)的女孩们 (形容词+)不可数名词 such (delicious) food这样(可口)的食物 so是副词,修饰形容词或副词。 形容词 so careful 如此小心的 so + 副词 so carefully如此小心地 注意: 当名词前有many, much, few, little等词修饰时,只能用so,不能用such。 Mrs. Smith will have so many chores to do tomorrow. 史密斯夫人明天将有很多家务要做。 【拓展】such+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数=so+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数 It is so interesting a book that I like it very much = It is such an interesting book that I like it very much. 这本书真有意思,我很喜欢。 【经典练】 1．—Have you watched the TV drama Knockout? —Yes, it is well worth ________. It is ________ exciting that I have watched it twice. A．to watch, so B．to watch, such C．watching, so D．watching, such 2．— ________ great surprise to see a new Jia Ling in the film YOLO (《热辣滚烫》)! — Of course. I have never seen ________ an moving film before. A．What a; so B．What a; such C．How a; such D．How; so 【写作佳句】 In addition, when you arrive at the top of Canton Tower, you have such a valuable chance to look down at the full view of Guangzhou. 考点 4.since 自从 【教材原句】It's been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.我们已经有三年没见我们的小学同学了。 【句型剖析】本句中含有句型“It has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时” 其中has been可改为is。故原句可改写为: It's three years since we last saw our primary school classmates. 其同义句为: Three years has passed since we last saw our primary school classmates. 【辨析】 since 与for since 后常接时间点或一般过去时的句子，该时间状语通常为现在 完成时的标志 for 后常接时间段，用来说明动作或状态持续的时间,“for十时间 段”也通常为现在完成时的标志 I have got a headache since last night.我从昨晚开始就一直头痛。 We haven't seen him for two years.我们已经两年没见到他了。 【经典练】 1．He has worked in Beijing since he ________ Shenyang. A．left B．leaves C．has left D．is leaving 2．Li Hua ________ a lot of changes in Tianjin since he came here. A．sees B．saw C．will see D．has seen 考点5. interview采访；面试 【教材原句】 For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang.在本月的《青年世界》杂志上，我采访了19岁的亚洲流行歌星坎迪·王。 【句型剖析】 interview的用法 interview为动词，意为“采访；面试”，常用于下列结构： 1. interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人 We will interview Mike about his new movie.我们将要就麦克的新电影采访他。 2. interview sb. for sth. 为某事面试某人 We interviewed twenty people for this job. 【拓展】interview还可以作可数名词，意为“面试；访谈”；interview以元音音素开头，其前的不定冠词应用an。 There'll be an interview with Mr. Black after the news. 【经典练】 1．—What do you think is the greatest ______? —The Internet. It is quite important in our daily life. A．information B．invention C．interest D．interview 2．—Tomorrow I will ________ Spielberg about his new movie. —Lucky you! Have you thought about what questions to ask? A．teach B．interview C．complete 考点6.take up“学着做；从事；开始做” 【教材原句】Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.坎蒂告诉我，她过去很害羞，为了克服害羞，她开始唱歌。 【句型剖析】take up意为“学着做；从事；开始做”，其后常跟名词或动名词做宾语。 Scientists have taken up a new subject.科学家们开始研究一个新的课题。 The man has taken up farming for twenty years.这个男人从事农业二十年了。 【拓展】 （1）take up还可意为“占据（空间）；占用（时间）” I won't take up any more of your time.我不会再占用你的时间了。 （2）take up还意为“继续讲述，接着讲”。 The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped yesterday.老师从昨天没讲完的课开始讲。 【经典练】 1．I’m going to ________ a new hobby. I want to learn how to take photos. A．take up B．take down C．turn up D．turn down 2．—Tim, stop looking through your phone! Douyin __________ too much of your time. —Ok, mom. I’m going to have a rest. A．takes off B．takes away C．takes up D．takes in 【写作佳句】 First, it's a good choice to take up a hobby to help you relax. 考点7.deal with“应付；处理” 【教材原句】Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.坎蒂告诉我，她过去很害羞，为了克服害羞，她开始唱歌。 【句型剖析】deal with意为“应付；处理”，多与疑问副词how连用，表示“如何处理”，其主语通常是人或物。 I have learned how to deal with difficulties. 【句型拓展】deal with；do with deal with常与how搭配；do with也可以表示“处理”，与疑问代词what搭配。 How do you deal with the matter? = What do you do with the matter? 【经典练】 1．Could you please tell me how to ________ my shyness? A．deal with B．agree with C．put on 2．It took me almost a whole day to ________ so many emails. A．deal with B．cut in C．cheer for 【写作佳句】 Everyone has his or her own way to deal with them. 考点8.as“当……时候” 【教材原句】As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school.随着病情的好转，她敢于在全班同学面前唱歌，然后为全校歌唱。 【句型剖析】as 的用法 as在此处为连词，意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。 We were talking as the teacher came in. 【句型拓展】as的其他用法 1.做连词：正如；因为，由于；按...的方式，如同。 Please do as I say.请按我说的去做。（连词) 2.做介词：作为；像，如同。 As a student, you must study hard.作为一名学生，你必须努力学习。（介词) 【经典练】 1．People are trying to make the robots ________ humans and do the same things ________ us. A．as; as B．like; like C．like; as D．as; like 2．Harbin is a fascinating city, which is known ________ its beautiful ice and snow ________ Ice City around the world. A．as, for B．to, as C．for, as 【写作佳句】 As students, we may meet all kinds of difficulties in learning online. 考点9.dare“敢于；胆敢” 【教材原句】 As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school.随着病情的好转，她敢于在全班同学面前唱歌，然后为全校歌唱。 【句型剖析】dare的用法 （1）dare用作实义动词，意为“敢于；胆敢”。此时有时态和数的变化。dare to do sth. 意为“敢于做某事”。 He didn’t dare to look at her in the eye. Did he dare tell her? We don’t dare to say anything. （2）dare可用作情态动词，用作情态动词时，意思是“敢”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句。 I don’t know whether he dare try. I daren’t ask her for a rise. 【经典练】 1．Jack ________ climb up such a tall tree. A．dare not B．dares not C．don’t dare D．doesn’t dare 2．Susan is so brave that she________to speak in front of many people. A．forgets B．dares C．hates 3．—Why did you keep silent in front of foreign friends yesterday? —I_________ talk with them in English. A．didn’t dare B．dared to C．didn’t dare to 考点10.prepare准备好的，有所准备的 【教材原句】Well,”she begins slowly,"you have to be prepared to give up your normal life.…”“好吧，”她慢慢开始，“你必须准备好放弃你的正常生活……” 【句型剖析】be prepared to do sth. be prepared to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”，其中prepared为形容词，意为“准备好的，有所准备的”，其常见搭配为be prepared for sth.,意为“为……做好准备”。 I wasn't prepared for all their questions. They were prepared to go to work in the countryside. They are prepared to run. 【句型拓展】prepare为动词,意为“使做好准备，把…预备好”，常用用法为： prepare for... 为………做好准备 prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备好某物 prepare to do sth. 准备好做某事 We must begin to prepare for the coming vacation. Mom prepared a big supper for us. I was preparing to leave. 【经典练】 1．—Is Lily at home? Can we invite her to our party tonight? —I’m afraid not. She ________ for the coming math exam. A．is preparing B．prepares C．was preparing D．has prepared 2．—What do you think of your school, Linda? —It’s a good place for us to ________ ourselves for the future. A．plan B．prepare C．decide D．begin 3．It’s time to have English. Please ________ your English book and notebook. A．hide B．prepare C．increase D．land 【写作佳句】 Also, by doing this, we can learn to be independent and get ourselves well prepared for the future life. 考点11.require需要，要求 【教材原句】You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.要想成功，你真的需要很多天赋和努力。 【句型剖析】require的用法 require为及物动词，意为“需要，要求”，其常见搭配为： 1. require sth. 需要某物 We require fair rules. 2. require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 He required us to show our passports. 3. require doing sth. 要求做某事（表示被动） These baby pandas require looking after carefully. 4. require that sb. ( should ) do sth. 要求某人做某事 Parents require that we ( should ) study hard. 【经典练】 1．—Do you think Lily will be an excellent doctor? —No, I don’t. The job of being a doctor ________ carefulness, but she is so careless. A．reminds B．requires C．reduces 2．—Look! The goldfish is dying. —What a pity! This kind of goldfish ________ a lot of care. A．receives B．offers C．requires D．gives 考点12.seldom 不常，很少 【教材原句】When he was a little boy,he seldom caused any problems,and his family spent a lot of time together.当他还是个小男孩的时候，他很少引起任何问题，他的家人经常在一起。 【句型剖析】seldom的用法 seldom为副词，意为“不常，很少”，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前，表示动作发生的频率。 I am seldom late for work.我上班很少迟到。 【考点拓展】可用very修饰seldom，意为“极少”，通常放在句末。 （1）My sister is ill very seldom. （2）seldom具有否定意义，故含有seldom的句子相当于否定句；在反意疑问句中，附加问句部分要用肯定形式。 They seldom come late, do they? （3）由于seldom含有否定的意义，故将其放在句首时，应使用部分倒装，即将be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语的前面。将seldom放在句首，主要是为了加强句子的语气。 She seldom reads newspapers. → Seldom does she read newspapers. 【经典练】 1．—Would you like some coffee, Lucy? —No, thanks. I ________ drink coffee. A．seldom B．always C．often 2．Jim _________ goes to the movies when he is free. He isn’t interested in it. A．always B．especially C．seldom 考点13.influence 影响 【教材原句】Li Wen's unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork.李文的不幸开始影响他的学业。 【句型剖析】influence的用法 influence为及物动词，意为“影响”，常用搭配为： influence sth./sb. 影响某事/某人 be influenced by... 受……的影响 His teacher's words influenced him for all his life. Don't let me influence your decision. 【句型拓展】influence为名词，意为“影响”，常用搭配为： have an influence on sb./sth. 对某人/某事有影响 under the influence of... 在……的影响之下(特指外界的影响，常指在药物、酒精或不良因素的影响下） Family education has an important influence on children. He's very much under the influence of the older boys. 【经典练】 1．Wang Yaping has a great ________ on the girls in my school. Many of them dream of becoming an astronaut like her. A．pride B．speed C．influence D．effort 2．Amy’s teacher’s words and ideas have a great ________ on her. A．conversation B．treat C．request D．influence 【写作佳句】 I began my love for music when I was very young under the influence of my parents. 考点14.be absent from... 缺席…… 【教材原句】Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations.有时他缺课，考试不及格。 【句型剖析】be absent from的用法 be absent from...意为“缺席……”，其中absent为形容词，意为“缺席的；不在的”。 A good student would not be absent from classes. 【句型拓展】 absent adj.缺席的；不在的 absence n.缺席；不在 反义词present adj.出席的；到场的 presence n.出席，在场 【经典练】 1．Steve has to attend an important meeting, so he'll be absent _____ your birthday party. A．about B．with C．from 2．Mr. Smith hasn’t come back from his business trip yet. He will be ________ today’s meeting. A．worried about B．absent from C．proud of 考点15.advise 建议；劝告；忠告 【教材原句】She advised them to talk with their son in person.她建议他们亲自和儿子谈谈。 【句型剖析】advise的用法 advise为及物动词，意为“建议；劝告；忠告”，常用结构为： 1. advise sb. on/about sth. 就……建议某人 Could you advise me on my writing? 2. advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不要）做某事 I advised my grandparents to see the doctor. 3. advise sb. against doing sth. 建议某人不要做某事 I advised her against drinking. 4. advise doing sth. 建议做某事 We advise taking a taxi to get there. 5. advise+that从句 建议……（从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略） I advise that he (should) go at once. 【经典练】 1．We’d better ________ our teacher for ________. A．to ask; advise B．to ask; advice C．ask; advise D．ask; advice 2．I had a fever. The doctor advised me ________ a good rest. A．have B．had C．having D．to have 【写作佳句】 My Chinese teacher advised me to read more books. 考点16.take pride in 为……感到自豪 【教材原句】They take pride in everything good that I do.他们对我所做的一切都感到自豪。 【句型剖析】take pride in的用法 take pride in意为“为……感到自豪”，其中pride为名词，in为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。 We take great pride in offering the best service. 【句型拓展】be proud of意为 “为……骄做；对……感到自豪”，相当于take pride in。其中 proud为形 容词，意为“自豪的；骄傲的”。 No matter what problems we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents are proud of us. The father was proud of his son. 【经典练】 1．Our monitor has won the first prize in the competition. We take ________ him. A．busy with B．pride in C．proud of 2．So many people ________ their jobs even though sometimes the jobs are difficult and boring. A．take a walk B．take pride in C．take in D．take out 3．— Ren Ziwei and Li Wenlong won gold and silver in Men’s 1000m Short Track Speed Skating Final at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games. — We all ________ them. A．take pride in B．take proud of C．be praised by 一．语法精讲——反意疑问句 一、used to 的用法 一、语法概述 used to意为“过去常常……”，表示过去的习惯、状态或过去反复发生的动作，暗含现在已不存在或不再发生之意。其中，to为不定式符号，后接动词原形，其主语可以是各种人称。 二、used to的句式 肯定句 used to +动词原形 He used to wear glasses.他过去戴眼镜。 否定句 didn’t use to +动词原形 He didn’t use to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。 usedn’t to +动词原形 He usedn’t to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。 一般疑问句及其答语 —Did sb. use to + 动词原形...? —Yes, sb did./No, sb didn’t. —Did he use to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗？ —Yes, he did./No, he didn’t.是的，他戴。/不，他不戴。 —Used sb to +动词原形...? —Yes, sb used to./No, sb usedn’t to. —Used he to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗？ —Yes,he uesd to./No, he usedn’t to.是的，他戴。/不，他不戴。 反意疑问句 附加疑问句部分用didn’t/usedn’t + sb或did/used + sb He used to wear glasses, didn’t he?他过去戴眼镜，不是吗？ He usedn’t to wear glasses, used he?他过去不戴眼镜，是吗？ 三、used to的there be句型 used to用于there be结构中时，形式为there used to be，表示“过去曾有”。 Eg.There used to be a private school here.这儿曾经有一所私立学校。 【即学即用】I’ll never forget the town in which there A a clean river and many big tall trees. A.used to be B.used to have C.was used to being D.was used to having 四、used to的相似结构辨析（重点） 句型 含义 用法 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 只用于过去式，其中to为不定式符号 be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 用于现在、过去或将来等多种时态，其中to为介词 be used to do sth 被用于做某事 用于多种时态 Eg.He got used to being the center of attention. 他习惯了成为关注的焦点。 Stamps can be used to send letters. 邮票可以用来寄信。 二、反意疑问句 知识点01 反意疑问句的定义与结构 【语法详解】定义：当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。 1. She is a student, isn’t she? 2. We speak Chinese, don’t we? 结构：反义疑问句构成：陈述句+简短问句？ 结构一： 前肯，+ 后否 eg. She is a student, isn’t she? 结构二： 前否，+ 后肯 eg. She isn’t a student, is she? 解题步骤： 1. 变：把前句变为一般疑问句(看变成一般疑问句之后第一个词是什么) 2. 反：前肯后否，前否后肯 3. 换：把主语换成人称代词 知识点02 特殊句式（否定意义的词） 【语法详解】反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom，以及no-短语 （no, no one,nobody,nothing）等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。 知识点03 特殊句式（否定意义的前缀的词） 【语法详解】反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-,-less, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。 知识点04 特殊句式（主语是this等代词） 【语法详解】当主语是this、that、everything、anything、nothing、to do短语、doing或其短语、从句时，疑问句部分主语用it；但是如果主语是those, these，疑问句主语用they。 知识点05 特殊句式（主语是somebody等代词） 【语法详解】当陈述部分主语是somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone)时，问句部分用he； 知识点06 特殊句式（主语是there be等代词） 【语法详解】当陈述部分是there be结构时，疑问句部分主语用 there。 知识点07 特殊句式（I am） 【语法详解】反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。 知识点08 特殊句式（must） 【语法详解】当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况： (1)mustn't表示“禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must. You mustn't stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？ (2)must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't. They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？ (3)当must用来表示对现 在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。 He must be good at English, isn’t he? 他英语一定学得很好，是吗？ She must be a good English teacher, isn’t she? 她一定是位优秀的英语老师，是吗？ 知识点09 特殊句式（need） 【语法详解】当陈述部分谓语动词是need,且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。若need 为情态动词，疑问部分用need构成。 We need to help them, don’t we? You needn’t go there, need you? 知识点10 特殊句式（祈使句） 【语法详解】(1)若为let’s引导，反问句用shall we? Let’s go home together, shall we? 让我们一起回家，好吗？ (2)若为let us/me引导 和否定祈使句，都用will you？ Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息，好吗？ Don’t make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音，好吗？ (3)肯定祈使句则用will you 或won’t you 都行 Do sit down, won’t you? / will you? 请坐，好吗？ You feed the bird today, will you? 今天你喂鸟，是吗？ Please open the window, will you? (won’t you?) 打开窗，好吗？ 知识点11 特殊句式（宾语从句） 【语法详解】陈述部分是主从复合句时，反义疑问句主语常与主句主语一致。 She said she would come tomorrow, didn’t she? 但当陈述部分是“ think/believe/guess/suppose+宾语从句”时，如果主句的主语是第一人称，疑问部分根据从句进行反问。口诀：一从二三主 一从：当主句的主语为第一人称（I/We），这是反义疑问句问句应该与从句一致。这时，如果存在否定前移，需要先把否定转移到从句处，再做反义疑问句的问句。其他和肯定句的方法一样。如： I think he is handsome, isn't he? / I don't think he is handsome, is he? 二三主：当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，反义疑问句问句与主句一致。注意：二三人称没有否点前移，所以不用考虑那么多，直接看主句，主句肯定问句用否定，反之。如： They think he is handsome, don't they? They don't think he is handsome, do they? 知识点11 回答 【语法详解】回答反意疑问句要根据事实来回答，肯定事实用Yes，否定事实就用No Yes, sb +助动词/情态动词/be动词 No, sb+助动词/情态动词/be动词+not Mary likes eating fish, doesn’t she? —Yes, she does.是的，她喜欢。 —No, she doesn’t.不，她不喜欢。 Mary doesn’t like eating fish, does she? —Yes, she does.不，她喜欢。 —No, she doesn’t.是的，她不喜欢。 【经典练】 1．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）—The old man never feels lonely, ________? —No, because he has many friends. A．does he B．won’t he C．doesn’t he 2．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）—You haven’t visited the Palace Museum, have you? —________ How I wish to visit it some day! A．No, I haven’t. B．Yes, I haven’t. C．Yes, I have. 3．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Jean knew nothing about the news until her aunt told her, ________ ________? A．didn’t; she B．did; she C．didn’t; Jean 4．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—Mum, let’s order some food online for dinner, ________? —Good idea. I’d like some beef dumplings. A．will you B．won’t you C．shall we 5．（2021·上海·中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 6．（2021·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）There is plenty of information about AI（人工智能）on the website, ___________? A．isn’t there B．isn’t it C．is there 7．I used to ________ too late, but now I am used to ________ early. A．stay up; go to bed B．staying up; going to bed C．stay up; going to bed D．staying up; go to bed 8．（24-25九年级上）My father ________ like collecting stamps, but now he likes collecting coins. A．is used to B．was used to C．used to 9．（24-25九年级上）I used to ________ my dream. But now I get used to ________ doing everything. I think I’ll be successful one day. A．give up, keeping B．giving up, keeping C．giving up, keep 10．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）I ________ watch TV at home, but now I am used to taking a walk in the park. A．used to B．get used to C．am used for 二．写作精讲——游览 本单元的话题是“谈论生活变化”。主要描述过去经常做的事，以及自己或他人过去的外貌、性格、爱好等等；描述生活中发生的变化，以及发生变化的原因。此话题主要从以下三方面设题： ①介绍自己现在和过去的变化； ②介绍家人、同学、朋友等发生的变化； ③对于身边发生的变化给出一些评论等。 体裁：说明文 时态：用一般现在时和一般过去时 人称：第一人称。 词组：外貌：tall, big and strong, a little heavy, overweight (超重的), be of medium height / build, thin, short, light, straight / curly / long / short hair, high / big nose, big / bright eyes, wear glasses 性格：funny, friendly / nice / kind, outgoing, serious, humorous, active, brave, helpful, popular, talkative (健谈的), silent, quiet, shy, lazy, be easy / hard to get on / along with, be ready to help others 兴趣与爱好：in the school music / ... club, on a basketball / ... team, love / like / enjoy (playing) soccer / ..., be interested in  / be good at ..., dislike / can’t stand ... 行为习惯：watch TV / movies, listen to pop / ... music, hate P.E. / ... class, not eat a lot of vegetables / ..., not read a lot of books, be afraid of the dark / high places / being alone / giving a speech in public ... 学习：study / work hard, get good scores / grades on one’s exams, do well in school, be good at English / ..., become less / more interested in studying, be absent from classes, fail the exam, be bad at / be poor in / be bored with / do badly in ... 衣着：dress in black / ..., wear jeans / ..., be dressed as a boy, dress beautifully / nicely / poorly / simply / ... 句型： 1. ... used to be / do ..., but now ...   2. ... didn’t use to be / do ... 3. ... would often / usually / always ... 4. ... had the habit of ... 5. ... has / have changed so much / a lot / greatly / … 6. ... no longer ... 7. ... doesn’t / don’t ... anymore.         8. It was common to see ... do / doing ... (in those days / at that time / ...) 佳句赏析： 1. There have been great changes in my life in the last few years.在过去的几年里，我的生活发生了巨大的变化。 2. Many things have changed since I was a child.自从我还是个孩子以来，很多事情都发生了变化。 3. How greatly I have changed in the last few years!在过去的几年里，我发生了多么大的变化！ 4. People sure have changed, and so have I.人确实变了，我也变了。 5. It seems that I have changed a lot.看来我变了很多。 6. These years, I’m not who I used to be.这些年来，我已经不是以前的我了。 列提纲 写句子 我的变化 开头 1. My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 引出下文 我的一些变化 外貌方面：I used to be short, but now I’m one of the tallest students in my class. 性格方面：I used to be shy and quiet, but now I’m outgoing and I like to make friends. 爱好方面：I used to hate reading, but now I have fallen in love with it. 重要变化及如何发生的 The most important change in my life was becoming interested in reading. Last summer my best friend gave me an interesting book to read. I enjoyed it so much that I started to read other books. It was the most important change because reading gives me a lot of knowledge and makes me very happy. As a famous saying goes, “Reading makes a full man”. How I’ve Changed! My life has changed a lot in the last few years. I used to be short, but now I’m one of the tallest students in my class. I used to be shy and quiet, but now I’m outgoing and I like to make friends. I used to hate reading, but now I have fallen in love with it. The most important change in my life was becoming interested in reading. Last summer my best friend gave me an interesting book to read. I enjoyed it so much that I started to read other books. It was the most important change because reading gives me a lot of knowledge and makes me very happy. As a famous saying goes, “Reading makes a full man”. 我所发生的变化！ 在过去的几年里，我的生活发生了很大的变化。我过去很矮，但现在我是班上个子最高的学生之一。我过去很害羞，很安静，但现在我很外向，喜欢交朋友。我过去讨厌读书，但现在我爱上了它。 我生活中最重要的变化是对阅读产生了兴趣。去年夏天，我最好的朋友给了我一本有趣的书。我非常喜欢它，所以我开始读其他的书。这是最重要的变化，因为阅读给了我很多知识，让我非常快乐。正如一句名言所说，“读书使人充实”。 一、Words and expressions 1. humorous adj. 有幽默感的 humor n. 幽默；滑稽 a sense of humor 幽默感 He is very humorous and often tells us tons of jokes. 2. silent adj. 不说话的；沉默的 (1)（adj.）silent → adv. silently keep silent/ silence 保持沉默 be silent about 对…保持沉默 (2)（n.）silence silently=in silence 沉默地 adv. Finally, we walked back home in silence/ silently. 3. helpful (1) helpful adj. Our teacher gave us a lot of helpful books in math. 以”ful”为后缀的形容词还有: care-careful / use-useful / beauty-beautiful / peace-peaceful / thank-thankful/ hope-hopeful/ wonder-wonderful (2) help v. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 help oneself (to) 随便吃点 help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难 (3) help n. Thanks for your help. = Thanks for helping me. 4. interview v./n. 采访；面试 (1) have an interview 采访 (2) interviewer n. 面试者；采访者 interviewee n. 被访问者 5. deal-dealt-dealt 对待；对付 (1) (v.) 对付；对待 deal with sb./sth. 应对，处理 My math teacher is very difficult to deal with. I don’t know how to deal with it. = I don’t know what to do with it. (2) (n.) 协议，交易 have/make a deal with sb. a big deal 重要的事 It’s not a big deal. 6. dare v. 敢于 (1) 作实义动词，后接带to的不定式，在否定句中可以省略to。 As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class. (2) 作情态动词，后跟动词原形，常用于疑问句和否定句。 — How dare you treat me like this? — Sorry, I daren’t do it again. 7. require v. 需要 (1) require sth. It will require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed. (2) require sb. (not) to do sth. 需要某人做某事 He required two people to help him. (3) sb. be required to do sth. 被要求做某事 People are usually required to give a self-introduction in a job interview. (4) requirement c.n meet one’s requirements 满足某人的需求/符合 the basic requirements of life 基本生活所需 8. Asia 亚洲 Africa 非洲 Europe 欧洲 Britain 英国 (an)Asian 亚洲人 (an) African 非洲人 (a) European 欧洲人 (a) British 英国人 （可总结：a European, a UFO, a useful book, a university等） 9. public (1) public adj./n. 公开的；民众 在公共场合 in a public place (2) in public 公开地 I used to afraid of giving a speech in public. 10. influence v./n.影响 (1) (vt.) 影响；对…由作用 Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. (2) (n.) 影响；影响力 have (an) influence on/upon 对…有影响 The environmental pollution of Beijing had a great influence on the public. 11. seldom adv. 不常；很少 (1) always >usually>often>sometimes>seldom>hardly>never（对频率副词提问用how often） When he was a little boy, he seldom caused any problems, and his family spent a lot of time together. (2) 当反意疑问句总出现seldom, hardly, never, few等词时，应视为否定。He seldom goes to see the film, does he? 12. absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 ←→ present adj. 出席的；到场的 (1) adj. absent-minded 心不在焉的 n. absence (2) be absent from 缺席（后面往往跟地点名词，表示在某地点缺席） Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. 13. fail v. 不及格；失败；未能（做到） failure n. (1) fail to do sth. 未能做某事 Words fail to say how much I miss you. (2) fail in (doing) something 在(做)某方面失败 fail (in) the exam ←→ pass the exam If you don’t work hard, you will fail in (passing) the exam. (3) (un.) failure 失败 Failure is the mother of success. (success 用法类似) (cn.) failure 失败的人(事) Never treat yourself as a failure. You should believe in yourself. 14. pride (1) (un.) pride 骄傲 （c.n.）值得骄傲的人(物) (2) (adj.) proud 骄傲的，自豪的 A take/show/feel pride in B = A be proud of B =B is the pride of A (3) (adv.) proudly do sth. proudly = do sth. with pride 15. in person (1) in person 亲自；亲身 The teacher advised his parents to talk with their son in person. (2) (adj.) personal 个人的 personal computer 个人电脑 (3) (adv.) personally = in my opinion 个人而言（不与I think连用） 16. general (1) (adj.) 总的，普遍的 general introduction about 概述 (2) (adv.) generally generally (speaking) = in general 总而言之，概括地说 (3) (cn.) 将军 17. introduction n. 介绍 introduce v. (1) n. give a general self-introduction (2) introduce sb. = make an introduction of sb. (3) introduce A to B 把A介绍给B (4) introduce oneself = make a self-introduction 18. 固定搭配和短语 ① from time to time 时常，有时 ② get good scores on the exams考试中取得好成绩（注:get good grades in sth./doing） ③ sing in front of crowds 当众唱歌 ④ get tons of attention 获得大量的关注 ⑤ private time 私人时间 ⑥ give a speech in public在公共场合演讲 ⑦ an ant 蚂蚁 ⑧ send sb. to a boarding school 把某人送到寄宿学校 二、Key expressions 1. She was never brave enough to ask questions. 他从来都不敢大胆去问问题。 enough n./adj./adv. (1) n. 足够 No, thanks. I’ve had enough. (2) adj. 足够的，充分的 money enough/ enough money （修饰n.位置可前可后） (3) adv. 十分地，足够地 big/ quickly enough （修饰adj./adv.只能放其后） 2. I got tons of attention everywhere I go. 无论我到哪儿，总是被人关注。 got tons of attention 表示“被众人所关注”，此处 tons of 相当于lots of表示“很多”。 e.g. The sports stars in America can make tons of money. 3. She used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. 她过去很害羞，并用唱歌的方式处理胆怯。 take up (doing) sth.：占据（时间，空间）；开始从事 复习： take care 当心； take care of 照顾； take part in 参加； take off 脱下； 起飞 take away 带走； take out 拿出； take down 记下，写下； take turns 轮流； take place 发生； take a walk 散步 take a look 看一看 ※deal /cope with ：处理；对待 I don’t know how to deal with the problem. = I don’t know what to do with the problem. 4. As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class...随着她好转，她敢当着全班唱歌。 此处as译为“随着”，表伴随情况 e.g. As we grow older, we understand our parents better. 5. Many times I thought about giving up, but I fought on.许多次我都想放弃，但我奋力坚持了下来。 本句中fight 为“努力去做”，副词on表示“继续（地）”。fight on 表“奋力坚持下去” (walk on/ move on…)。 6. Only a very small number of people make it to the top. 只有一小部分人能够成为佼佼者。 a number of 表示“许多；大量”，修饰可数名词复数。 a number of... 结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 a large/small number of ...大量的/少量的 the number of 表示“...的数量”，修饰可数名词。 the number of... 结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 There are a number of students in No.10 Middle school, and the number of them is more than 9,000. ※ make it 1) 表示事业成功 e.g. You will make it if you try. 2) 表示某人做成某事 e.g. Trust me. He will make it (to the top). 3) 表示即使抵达某地 e.g. It’s too late. I don’t think we can make it. 4) 表示约定时间 e.g. Let’s make it at 7:00. 7. It’s hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school.很难相信他过去在学校有困难。 It’s hard to believe+ that 从句 很难相信......，it 是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。 8. His parents’ love made him feel good about himself. 他父母的爱让他对自己有信心。 made him feel...属于make sb. do sth.的结构，表示“使某人做某事”，其中do sth.是make的宾语补足语。 feel good about 对...感觉良好 三、语法used to 1. used to 后接动词原形 (无人称和数的变化)，意为“过去常常”，暗含现在已经不这样了。 2. 基本句式： ①（肯）主语+ used to + 动词原形 He used to study hard. ②（否） A： 主语+ did not use to +动词原形 <美>He didn’t use to study hard. B：主语+ used not to+ 动词原形 <英>He usedn’t to study hard. ③（一般疑问句） A: Did+主语+use to+动词原形 <美> Did he use to study hard? （答）Yes，he did. / No，he didn’t. B: Used+主语+to+动词原形 <英Used he to study hard? （答）Yes，he used to. / No，he usedn’t. 注：used to 用于省略句时，肯定式保留to，否定式不保留to ④（特殊疑问句）（A）What did he use to do? <美> （B）What used he to do? <英> 3. used to 的反义疑问句 ①She used to be short, didn’t/ usedn’t she ? ②There used to be a bookstore, didn’t/ usedn’t there ? （There be句型不与have/has 连用） ③used to 反义疑问句的答语，根据事实真假作答。 You used to be short, didn’t you? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 4. 当used to 句型的答语中出现be和have（表“有”）时，be或have均不能省。 Did the woman use to be happy? Yes, she did. Used the woman to be happy? Yes, she used to be. Used you to have a dog? Yes, I used to have. Used you to have junk food? Yes, we used to. （此处have表“吃”，不表示“有”） 5. 区别used to do sth./ be used to do sth. / be used to doing sth. ①used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 ②be used to do sth.= be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 Trees are used to make （for making）paper. ③be used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯于做某事 I am used to having a shower every day，but I didn’t use to. ( 15 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. Unit4 话题 谈论生活变化 词汇 1. 背景 2. 害羞；腼腆 3. 人群；观众 4. 吨；大量；许多5. 讲话；发言6. 蚂蚁 7. 昆虫 8. 考试；审查 9. 自豪；骄傲 10. 介绍 11. 对付； 12. 敢于；胆敢 13. 需要；需求 14. 不及格；失败；未能（做到）15. 不常；很少 16. 确切地；精确 17. 有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的 18. 不说话的；沉默的 19. 有用的；有帮助的 20. 私人的；私密的 21. 英国（人）的 22. 缺席；不在 23. 自豪的；骄傲的 24. （adj）亚洲（人）的（n）亚洲人 25. （n）警卫；看守（v）守卫；保卫26. （adj）欧洲（人）的（n）欧洲人 27. （adj）非洲（人）的（n）非洲人 28. （n）民众（adj）公开的；公众的 29. （n/v）影响 30. （adj）总的；普遍的（n）将军 31. （v/n）得分；进球 32. （v）采访；面试（n）面试；访谈 短语 时常；有时 应对；处理 公开地 寄宿学校 亲身；亲自 为……感到自豪 为……骄傲；感到自豪 学着做；开始做 一直；总是 大量的 闲逛 发表演讲 缺席 尽管；即使 要求某人做某事 不再 敢于做某事 在过去 准备好做某事 放弃 句型 1.Mario, you used to be short, didn’t you? 2.What's he like now? 3.This party is such a great idea! 4.It's been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates. 5.For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang. 6.Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. 7.As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school. 8.Now she's not shy anymore and loves singing in front of crowds. 9.Well,”she begins slowly,"you have to be prepared to give up your normal life.…” 10.You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed. 11.Only a very small number of people make it to the top. 12.giving a speech in public. 13.When he was a little boy,he seldom caused any problems,and his family spent a lot of time together. 14.Li Wen's unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. 15.Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. 16.She advised them to talk with their son in person. 17.They take pride in everything good that I do. 语法 反义疑问句； 写作 谈论生活变化 词汇短语答案： 1. background 背景 2. shyness 害羞；腼腆 3. crowd 人群；观众 4. ton 吨；大量；许多 5. speech 讲话；发言 6. ant 蚂蚁 7. insect 昆虫 8. examination 考试；审查 9. pride 自豪；骄傲 10. introduction 介绍 11. deal 对付；对待 12. dare 敢于；胆敢 13. require 需要；需求 14. fail 不及格；失败；未能（做到） 15. seldom 不常；很少 16. exactly 确切地；精确地 17. humorous 有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的 18. silent 不说话的；沉默的 19. helpful 有用的；有帮助的 20. private 私人的；私密的 21. British 英国（人）的 22. absent 缺席；不在 23. proud 自豪的；骄傲的 24. Asian （adj）亚洲（人）的（n）亚洲人 25. guard （n）警卫；看守（v）守卫；保卫26. European （adj）欧洲（人）的（n）欧洲人 27. African （adj）非洲（人）的（n）非洲人28. public （n）民众（adj）公开的；公众的 29. influence （n/v）影响 30. general （adj）总的；普遍的（n）将军 31. score （v/n）得分；进球 32. interview （v）采访；面试（n）面试；访谈 from time to time 时常；有时 deal with 应对；处理 in public 公开地 boarding school 寄宿学校 in person 亲身；亲自 take pride in 为……感到自豪 be proud of 为……骄傲；感到自豪 take up 学着做；开始 all the time 一直；总是 tons of 大量的 hang out 闲逛 give/make a speech 发表演讲 be absent from 缺席 even though 尽管；即使 require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 not...anymore = no more 不再 dare to do sth 敢于做某事 in the past 在过去 be prepared to do sth 准备好做某事 give up 放弃 考点1反意疑问句 1.Mario, you used to be short, didn’t you? 马里奥，你过去很矮，不是吗？ 【用法详解】 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 反意疑问句：反意疑问句是指在陈述句后附加一个简短问句，简短问句的主语应为相应的代词。 ( 反意疑问句的两种形式： （1） 肯定 的陈述句+ 否定 的附加疑问句 （2） 否定 的陈述句+ 肯定 的附加疑问句 即遵循“ 前 肯 后 否 ，前 否 后 肯 ”原则 ) ( 陈述句部分 附加疑问句部分 be动词 / 情态动词 / 助动词+主语 )【句式剖析】You used to be short, didn’t you? 【注意】陈述句和附加问句在人称、数和时态上必须保持一致， 且附加问句的主语必须为代词。 【拓展延伸】反意疑问句的答语 （1） 反意疑问句的答语应符合事实。事实是肯定的用yes，事实是否定的用no （2） 当句式是“前否后肯”的结构时，翻译要以事实为依据，yes翻译为“不是”，no翻译为“是的” ( 前肯后否 ) ( 否定 ) ( 肯定 )►—She is a student, isn’t she? 她是一个学生，不是吗？ —Yes, she is.是的，她是/No, she isn’t.不，她不是 ( 前否后肯 ) ( 肯定 ) ( 否定 )►—Jim didn’t come to school yesterday, did he? ( 【注意】陈述句中含有no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little（少）,seldom, hardly等有否定意义的词时，附加疑问句用肯定形式 )—Yes, he did.不，他来了。 —No, he didn’t.是的，他没有来。 【经典练】 1．Jae used to __________ in the small village. Now he get used to __________ in the big city. A．live; living B．living; living C．live; live D．living; live 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Jae过去生活在小村庄里。现在他已经习惯住在大城市了。 考查动词短语的用法辨析。根据“used to do sth.过去常常做某事”可知，空一应用动词原形live；根据“be used to doing sth.习惯做某事”可知，空二应用动名词形式living。故选A。 2．—I heard the traffic in the city _______ be terrible! —Yes, but it has improved a lot. I think you will _______ it soon. A．used to; used to B．get used to; used to C．used to; get used to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我听说这个城市的交通过去很糟糕！——是的，但已经改善了很多。我想你很快就会习惯的。考查动词短语。used to表示“过去常常”；get used to表示“习惯于”。根据“Yes, but it has improved a lot.”可知，交通过去很糟糕，应用used to；根据“soon”可知，认为对方很快就会习惯，应用get used to。故选C。 3．Your brother rarely gets up late even at weekends. (改为反义疑问句) Your brother rarely gets up late even at weekends, ? 【答案】 does he 【详解】句意：你弟弟即使在周末也很少起得晚。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则，根据“rarely”可知陈述部分是否定意义，疑问部分应用肯定形式；根据“Your brother”可知主语用代词he“他”代替，根据“gets”可知助动词用does。故填does；he。 4．Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend. (改为反义疑问句) Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend, ​​​​​​​ ? 【答案】 doesn’t he 【详解】句意：赵先生每周末都去钓鱼。反义疑问句的基本结构有两种：（一）肯定陈述句+简略否定问句；（二）否定陈述句+简略肯定问句。本句是一般现在时，主语是Mr. Zhao，谓语动词是goes，且是肯定句，反义疑问的形式则是doesn’t he。故填doesn’t；he。 考点2 .“What's sb./ sth.like?"意为“某人/某物什么样?” 【教材原句】What's he like now? 现在他什么样? 【拓展】 表示“某人/某物什么样”的句型: 询问人 What is / What's+人+like? 询问性格或外貌 What does /do+人+look like? 询问外貌 How+be+人? 询问身体状况 询问物 What is / What's+物+like? 询问属性、形状、大小或质量等 What does /do+物+look like? How+be+物? —What is he like?(询问性格特征)他什么样? —He is strict but kind.他很严格但是很善良。 —What does he look like?(询问外貌)他长什么样? —He is very tall.他个子很高。 —What's your new bike like? = How is your new bike? 你的新自行车怎么样? —Very good.很好。 【经典练】 1．—James, can you tell me ________? — Paul? I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet. A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——詹姆斯，你能告诉我保罗是什么样的人吗？——保罗？我已经很多年没见到他了。他过去很害羞，很安静。 考查宾语从句。根据“James, can you tell me…”可知，空处为宾语从句，从句语序应为陈述句语序，排除A和D；根据“He used to be shy and quiet.”可知，询问保罗是什么样的人，应用what...be like。故选B。 2．Nobody knows ________ life ________ in the future. A．what; will like B．how; will be like C．what; will be like D．how; will like 【答案】C 【详解】句意：没人知道生活未来会是什么样子。 考查特殊疑问句。根据“Nobody knows”可知，本句为宾语从句，使用陈述句语序。what…will be like“……会是什么样子”，此处like为介词，故第一个空为what；第二个空为will be like。故选C。 考点3.such和so那么的;这样的 【教材原句】This party is such a great idea! 这次聚会真是个好主意! 【句型剖析】such在此处作形容词,意为“那么的;这样的”,在句中起强调作用,用于修饰名词。 She is such a kind girl.她是一个如此好的女孩。 【辨析】 such 与so such是形容词,修饰名词或名词短语， a(n)+(形容词+)单数可数名词 such a (good) holiday这样(好)的假期 (形容词+)复数可数名词 such+ such (beautiful) girls这样(漂亮)的女孩们 (形容词+)不可数名词 such (delicious) food这样(可口)的食物 so是副词,修饰形容词或副词。 形容词 so careful 如此小心的 so + 副词 so carefully如此小心地 注意: 当名词前有many, much, few, little等词修饰时,只能用so,不能用such。 Mrs. Smith will have so many chores to do tomorrow. 史密斯夫人明天将有很多家务要做。 【拓展】such+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数=so+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数 It is so interesting a book that I like it very much = It is such an interesting book that I like it very much. 这本书真有意思,我很喜欢。 【经典练】 1．—Have you watched the TV drama Knockout? —Yes, it is well worth ________. It is ________ exciting that I have watched it twice. A．to watch, so B．to watch, such C．watching, so D．watching, such 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看电视剧《狂飙》了吗？——是的，很值得一看。它太令人激动了，以至于我已经看了两遍了。 考查非谓语动词以及副词的用法。such这样的，修饰名词；so这么，修饰形容词或副词。根据“it is well worth”可知，此处是be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，空处用动名词；由“exciting that”可知，此处是so+形容词+that“如此……以至于……”。故选C。 2．— ________ great surprise to see a new Jia Ling in the film YOLO (《热辣滚烫》)! — Of course. I have never seen ________ an moving film before. A．What a; so B．What a; such C．How a; such D．How; so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在电影《YOLO》(“热辣滚烫”)中看到全新的贾玲真是太惊喜了！——当然。我以前从未看过这么感人的电影。 考查感叹句和such的用法。what和how均可引导感叹句，其句式分别为“What (a/an)+形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)!”和“How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!”；so和such均表示“如此”，so后跟形容词或副词，such跟形容词和名词构成的名词短语。第一空“great surprise”构成名词短语，且表示一个很大惊喜时，应加不定冠词a，第一空用what a；第二空“an moving film”为名词短语，应用such。故选B。 【写作佳句】 In addition, when you arrive at the top of Canton Tower, you have such a valuable chance to look down at the full view of Guangzhou. 考点 4.since 自从 【教材原句】It's been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.我们已经有三年没见我们的小学同学了。 【句型剖析】本句中含有句型“It has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时” 其中has been可改为is。故原句可改写为: It's three years since we last saw our primary school classmates. 其同义句为: Three years has passed since we last saw our primary school classmates. 【辨析】 since 与for since 后常接时间点或一般过去时的句子，该时间状语通常为现在 完成时的标志 for 后常接时间段，用来说明动作或状态持续的时间,“for十时间 段”也通常为现在完成时的标志 I have got a headache since last night.我从昨晚开始就一直头痛。 We haven't seen him for two years.我们已经两年没见到他了。 【经典练】 1．He has worked in Beijing since he ________ Shenyang. A．left B．leaves C．has left D．is leaving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他离开沈阳后一直在北京工作。 考查动词时态。根据“since”可知，这是由since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。故选A。 2．Li Hua ________ a lot of changes in Tianjin since he came here. A．sees B．saw C．will see D．has seen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从李华来到天津，他看到了这里的许多变化。 考查动词时态。根据“since he came here”可知，since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，结构为“have/has done”。故选D。 考点5. interview采访；面试 【教材原句】 For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang.在本月的《青年世界》杂志上，我采访了19岁的亚洲流行歌星坎迪·王。 【句型剖析】 interview的用法 interview为动词，意为“采访；面试”，常用于下列结构： 1. interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人 We will interview Mike about his new movie.我们将要就麦克的新电影采访他。 2. interview sb. for sth. 为某事面试某人 We interviewed twenty people for this job. 【拓展】interview还可以作可数名词，意为“面试；访谈”；interview以元音音素开头，其前的不定冠词应用an。 There'll be an interview with Mr. Black after the news. 【经典练】 1．—What do you think is the greatest ______? —The Internet. It is quite important in our daily life. A．information B．invention C．interest D．interview 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认为最伟大的发明是什么？——互联网。它在我们的日常生活中是非常重要的。考查名词辨析。information信息；invention发明；interest兴趣；interview面试。根据“The Internet.”可知，谈论的是发明，故选B。 2．—Tomorrow I will ________ Spielberg about his new movie. —Lucky you! Have you thought about what questions to ask? A．teach B．interview C．complete 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——明天我将采访斯皮尔伯格的新电影。——幸运的你! 你想好该问什么问题了吗? 考查动词辨析，teach教；interview采访；complete使完整。根据“Have you thought about what questions to ask?” 可知应该是采访，故选B。 考点6.take up“学着做；从事；开始做” 【教材原句】Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.坎蒂告诉我，她过去很害羞，为了克服害羞，她开始唱歌。 【句型剖析】take up意为“学着做；从事；开始做”，其后常跟名词或动名词做宾语。 Scientists have taken up a new subject.科学家们开始研究一个新的课题。 The man has taken up farming for twenty years.这个男人从事农业二十年了。 【拓展】 （1）take up还可意为“占据（空间）；占用（时间）” I won't take up any more of your time.我不会再占用你的时间了。 （2）take up还意为“继续讲述，接着讲”。 The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped yesterday.老师从昨天没讲完的课开始讲。 【经典练】 1．I’m going to ________ a new hobby. I want to learn how to take photos. A．take up B．take down C．turn up D．turn down 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我打算开始一项新的爱好。我想学如何摄影。 考查动词短语。take up开始从事，学习；take down拆卸；turn up开大；turn down 关小。根据空后的“a new hobby”可知是培养一种新的爱好，应用take up，故选A。 2．—Tim, stop looking through your phone! Douyin __________ too much of your time. —Ok, mom. I’m going to have a rest. A．takes off B．takes away C．takes up D．takes in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——蒂姆，别翻手机了！抖音占用了你太多的时间。——好的，妈妈。我要休息一下。考查动词短语。takes off脱下；takes away外卖；takes up占据；takes in吸入。根据“Tim, stop looking through your phone!”可推出此处讲抖音占用了蒂姆太多时间。故选C。 【写作佳句】 First, it's a good choice to take up a hobby to help you relax. 考点7.deal with“应付；处理” 【教材原句】Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.坎蒂告诉我，她过去很害羞，为了克服害羞，她开始唱歌。 【句型剖析】deal with意为“应付；处理”，多与疑问副词how连用，表示“如何处理”，其主语通常是人或物。 I have learned how to deal with difficulties. 【句型拓展】deal with；do with deal with常与how搭配；do with也可以表示“处理”，与疑问代词what搭配。 How do you deal with the matter? = What do you do with the matter? 【经典练】 1．Could you please tell me how to ________ my shyness? A．deal with B．agree with C．put on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我如何应对我的害羞吗？考查动词短语。deal with处理，应对；agree with同意；put on穿上。根据“how to...my shyness”可知，这里指如何应对我的害羞，故选A。 2．It took me almost a whole day to ________ so many emails. A．deal with B．cut in C．cheer for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我花了几乎一整天处理如此多的电子邮件。 考查动词短语辨析。deal with处理；cut in插嘴； cheer for为……喝彩叫好。由语境及常识可知是处理电子邮件。故选A。 【写作佳句】 Everyone has his or her own way to deal with them. 考点8.as“当……时候” 【教材原句】As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school.随着病情的好转，她敢于在全班同学面前唱歌，然后为全校歌唱。 【句型剖析】as 的用法 as在此处为连词，意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。 We were talking as the teacher came in. 【句型拓展】as的其他用法 1.做连词：正如；因为，由于；按...的方式，如同。 Please do as I say.请按我说的去做。（连词) 2.做介词：作为；像，如同。 As a student, you must study hard.作为一名学生，你必须努力学习。（介词) 【经典练】 1．People are trying to make the robots ________ humans and do the same things ________ us. A．as; as B．like; like C．like; as D．as; like 【答案】C 【详解】句意：人们正试图让机器人像人类一样，并做与我们相同的事情。考查介词辨析。like像；as作为；像……一样。根据“make the robots... humans”可知，此处指让机器人像人类一样，第一个空需要用like表示“像”；the same as“和……一样”，是固定搭配。故选C。 2．Harbin is a fascinating city, which is known ________ its beautiful ice and snow ________ Ice City around the world. A．as, for B．to, as C．for, as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：哈尔滨是一座迷人的城市，以其美丽的冰雪而闻名于世，被誉为“冰城”。 考查介词辨析。as作为；for为了；to到。根据“its beautiful ice and snow”可知，此处是指因美丽的冰雪而闻名，be known for“因……闻名”；根据“Ice City”可知，是指被称作为冰城，用介词be known as“被称作为是”。故选C。 【写作佳句】 As students, we may meet all kinds of difficulties in learning online. 考点9.dare“敢于；胆敢” 【教材原句】 As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school.随着病情的好转，她敢于在全班同学面前唱歌，然后为全校歌唱。 【句型剖析】dare的用法 （1）dare用作实义动词，意为“敢于；胆敢”。此时有时态和数的变化。dare to do sth. 意为“敢于做某事”。 He didn’t dare to look at her in the eye. Did he dare tell her? We don’t dare to say anything. （2）dare可用作情态动词，用作情态动词时，意思是“敢”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句。 I don’t know whether he dare try. I daren’t ask her for a rise. 【经典练】 1．Jack ________ climb up such a tall tree. A．dare not B．dares not C．don’t dare D．doesn’t dare 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Jack不敢爬上这么高的树。考查dare的用法。dare“敢于”，在否定句中，dare为情态动词，其否定形式为dare not。故选A。 2．Susan is so brave that she________to speak in front of many people. A．forgets B．dares C．hates 【答案】B 【详解】句意：苏珊是如此的勇敢以至于她敢在许多人前讲话。 考查动词辨析。根据Susan is so brave可知是她“敢”在许多人面前讲话；forgets忘记；dares敢；hates讨厌；故选B。 3．—Why did you keep silent in front of foreign friends yesterday? —I_________ talk with them in English. A．didn’t dare B．dared to C．didn’t dare to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天你为什么在外国朋友面前保持沉默？——我不敢和他们用英语交谈。 考查否定句。dare可做情态动词和实意动词，做情态动词其否定形式为“daren’t +动词原形”；做实意动词时，有动词的全部形式，可用于一切句式，其否定形式为“助动词+not+ dare+ to do sth”；从文字的表层意思推断空格指不敢和他们用英语交谈，所以排除B；根据时间状语yesterday可知句子是一般过去时，选项A表达不完整；故选C。 考点10.prepare准备好的，有所准备的 【教材原句】Well,”she begins slowly,"you have to be prepared to give up your normal life.…”“好吧，”她慢慢开始，“你必须准备好放弃你的正常生活……” 【句型剖析】be prepared to do sth. be prepared to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”，其中prepared为形容词，意为“准备好的，有所准备的”，其常见搭配为be prepared for sth.,意为“为……做好准备”。 I wasn't prepared for all their questions. They were prepared to go to work in the countryside. They are prepared to run. 【句型拓展】prepare为动词,意为“使做好准备，把…预备好”，常用用法为： prepare for... 为………做好准备 prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备好某物 prepare to do sth. 准备好做某事 We must begin to prepare for the coming vacation. Mom prepared a big supper for us. I was preparing to leave. 【经典练】 1．—Is Lily at home? Can we invite her to our party tonight? —I’m afraid not. She ________ for the coming math exam. A．is preparing B．prepares C．was preparing D．has prepared 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——莉莉在家吗？我们能邀请她出席我们今晚的聚会吗？——恐怕不能。她正在为即将到来的数学考试做准备。 考查现在进行时。prepare准备；is preparing是现在进行时；prepares是第三人称单数形式；was preparing是过去进行时；has prepared是现在完成时。根据对话的上下文提供的语境可知空格处应使用现在进行时, 表示目前正在进行的动作。故选A。 2．—What do you think of your school, Linda? —It’s a good place for us to ________ ourselves for the future. A．plan B．prepare C．decide D．begin 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——琳达，你觉得你的学校怎么样？——这是我们为未来做准备的好地方。 考查动词辨析。plan计划；prepare使(自己)有准备；decide决定；begin开始。根据“ourselves for the future.”可知是为未来做准备。故选B。 3．It’s time to have English. Please ________ your English book and notebook. A．hide B．prepare C．increase D．land 【答案】B 【详解】句意：该上英语课了。请准备好你们的英语书和笔记本。 考查动词辨析。hide隐藏；prepare准备；increase增加；land着陆。根据“It’s time to have English.”可知，要上英语课了，所以要准备好英语书和笔记本，因此此处填prepare。故选B。 【写作佳句】 Also, by doing this, we can learn to be independent and get ourselves well prepared for the future life. 考点11.require需要，要求 【教材原句】You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.要想成功，你真的需要很多天赋和努力。 【句型剖析】require的用法 require为及物动词，意为“需要，要求”，其常见搭配为： 1. require sth. 需要某物 We require fair rules. 2. require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 He required us to show our passports. 3. require doing sth. 要求做某事（表示被动） These baby pandas require looking after carefully. 4. require that sb. ( should ) do sth. 要求某人做某事 Parents require that we ( should ) study hard. 【经典练】 1．—Do you think Lily will be an excellent doctor? —No, I don’t. The job of being a doctor ________ carefulness, but she is so careless. A．reminds B．requires C．reduces 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——您认为南希会将成为一名出色的医生吗？——不，我不这么认为。医生的工作要求细心，但她很粗心。 考查动词辨析。reminds提醒；requires要求；reduces减少。根据“The job of being a doctor...carefulness, but she is so careless.”可知，医生的工作要求细心。故选B。 2．—Look! The goldfish is dying. —What a pity! This kind of goldfish ________ a lot of care. A．receives B．offers C．requires D．gives 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！金鱼快死了。——好遗憾呀！这种金鱼需要精心照料。 考查动词辨析。receives收到；offers提供；requires需要；gives给。根据“This kind of goldfish...a lot of care.”可知，此处表示需要精心照料。故选C。 考点12.seldom 不常，很少 【教材原句】When he was a little boy,he seldom caused any problems,and his family spent a lot of time together.当他还是个小男孩的时候，他很少引起任何问题，他的家人经常在一起。 【句型剖析】seldom的用法 seldom为副词，意为“不常，很少”，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前，表示动作发生的频率。 I am seldom late for work.我上班很少迟到。 【考点拓展】可用very修饰seldom，意为“极少”，通常放在句末。 （1）My sister is ill very seldom. （2）seldom具有否定意义，故含有seldom的句子相当于否定句；在反意疑问句中，附加问句部分要用肯定形式。 They seldom come late, do they? （3）由于seldom含有否定的意义，故将其放在句首时，应使用部分倒装，即将be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语的前面。将seldom放在句首，主要是为了加强句子的语气。 She seldom reads newspapers. → Seldom does she read newspapers. 【经典练】 1．—Would you like some coffee, Lucy? —No, thanks. I ________ drink coffee. A．seldom B．always C．often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——露西，你想来点咖啡吗？——不，谢谢。我很少喝咖啡。 考查副词辨析。seldom很少；always总是；often经常。根据所给空前面的“No, thanks”可知，应该是很少喝咖啡。故选A。 2．Jim _________ goes to the movies when he is free. He isn’t interested in it. A．always B．especially C．seldom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉姆很少在他有空时去看电影。他对它不感兴趣。 考查副词辨析。always总是；especially尤其，特别；seldom很少。根据“He isn’t interested in it.”可知，吉姆对看电影不感兴趣，由此可推知，吉姆应该很少去看电影。故选C。 考点13.influence 影响 【教材原句】Li Wen's unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork.李文的不幸开始影响他的学业。 【句型剖析】influence的用法 influence为及物动词，意为“影响”，常用搭配为： influence sth./sb. 影响某事/某人 be influenced by... 受……的影响 His teacher's words influenced him for all his life. Don't let me influence your decision. 【句型拓展】influence为名词，意为“影响”，常用搭配为： have an influence on sb./sth. 对某人/某事有影响 under the influence of... 在……的影响之下(特指外界的影响，常指在药物、酒精或不良因素的影响下） Family education has an important influence on children. He's very much under the influence of the older boys. 【经典练】 1．Wang Yaping has a great ________ on the girls in my school. Many of them dream of becoming an astronaut like her. A．pride B．speed C．influence D．effort 【答案】C 【详解】句意：王亚平对我校的女生有很大的影响。她们中很多人梦想成为像她一样的宇航员。考查名词辨析。pride骄傲；speed速度；influence影响；effort努力。根据“Many of them dream of becoming an astronaut like her.”可知，很多人梦想成为像她一样的宇航员，因此表示她对她们有影响，have a…influence on“对……有……的影响”，故选C。 2．Amy’s teacher’s words and ideas have a great ________ on her. A．conversation B．treat C．request D．influence 【答案】D 【详解】句意：艾米老师的话和思想对她影响很大。 考查名词辨析。conversation谈话；treat款待；request要求；influence影响。根据“Amy’s teacher’s words and ideas have a great…on her.”可知，艾米老师的话和思想对她影响很大。故选D。 【写作佳句】 I began my love for music when I was very young under the influence of my parents. 考点14.be absent from... 缺席…… 【教材原句】Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations.有时他缺课，考试不及格。 【句型剖析】be absent from的用法 be absent from...意为“缺席……”，其中absent为形容词，意为“缺席的；不在的”。 A good student would not be absent from classes. 【句型拓展】 absent adj.缺席的；不在的 absence n.缺席；不在 反义词present adj.出席的；到场的 presence n.出席，在场 【经典练】 1．Steve has to attend an important meeting, so he'll be absent _____ your birthday party. A．about B．with C．from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Steve必须参加一个重要的会议，因此他将会缺席你的生日聚会。absent form不在，缺席，是固定短语，故选C 2．Mr. Smith hasn’t come back from his business trip yet. He will be ________ today’s meeting. A．worried about B．absent from C．proud of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：史密斯先生出差还没有回来。他将会缺席今天的会议。 考查形容词短语词义辨析。be worried about担心；be absent from缺席；be proud of以……为傲。根据句意表示因为出差未归导致缺席会议。故选B。 考点15.advise 建议；劝告；忠告 【教材原句】She advised them to talk with their son in person.她建议他们亲自和儿子谈谈。 【句型剖析】advise的用法 advise为及物动词，意为“建议；劝告；忠告”，常用结构为： 1. advise sb. on/about sth. 就……建议某人 Could you advise me on my writing? 2. advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不要）做某事 I advised my grandparents to see the doctor. 3. advise sb. against doing sth. 建议某人不要做某事 I advised her against drinking. 4. advise doing sth. 建议做某事 We advise taking a taxi to get there. 5. advise+that从句 建议……（从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略） I advise that he (should) go at once. 【经典练】 1．We’d better ________ our teacher for ________. A．to ask; advise B．to ask; advice C．ask; advise D．ask; advice 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们最好向老师寻求建议。 考查情态动词和名词辨析。advise建议，动词；advice建议，名词。We’d better (had better) 后接动词原形，排除A和B；for为介词，后跟名词作宾语。故选D。 2．I had a fever. The doctor advised me ________ a good rest. A．have B．had C．having D．to have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我发烧了。医生建议我好好休息。 考查动词不定式。根据“advised”可知考查advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，故选D。 【写作佳句】 My Chinese teacher advised me to read more books. 考点16.take pride in 为……感到自豪 【教材原句】They take pride in everything good that I do.他们对我所做的一切都感到自豪。 【句型剖析】take pride in的用法 take pride in意为“为……感到自豪”，其中pride为名词，in为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。 We take great pride in offering the best service. 【句型拓展】be proud of意为 “为……骄做；对……感到自豪”，相当于take pride in。其中 proud为形 容词，意为“自豪的；骄傲的”。 No matter what problems we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents are proud of us. The father was proud of his son. 【经典练】 1．Our monitor has won the first prize in the competition. We take ________ him. A．busy with B．pride in C．proud of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们班长在比赛中赢得了一等奖。我们以他为骄傲。 考查动词短语。be busy with忙于；take pride in以……为骄傲；be proud of“以……感到自豪”。根据“Our monitor has won the first prize in the competition.”可知，空处表达我们以他骄傲，空前是动词take，与take搭配，应是take pride in。故选B。 2．So many people ________ their jobs even though sometimes the jobs are difficult and boring. A．take a walk B．take pride in C．take in D．take out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多人以他们的工作为荣，即使有时工作是困难和无聊的。 考查动词短语。take a walk散步；take pride in以……为傲；take in吸收；take out取出。根据“So many people… their jobs even though sometimes the jobs are difficult and boring”可知，尽管工作有时候困难和无聊，但人们仍然为自己的工作而感到骄傲，故选B。 3．— Ren Ziwei and Li Wenlong won gold and silver in Men’s 1000m Short Track Speed Skating Final at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games. — We all ________ them. A．take pride in B．take proud of C．be praised by 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——任子威和李文龙在北京2022年冬奥会短道速滑男子1000米决赛中获得金牌和银牌。——我们都为他们感到骄傲。考查动词短语。take pride in以……为傲；take proud of错误表达；be praised by被……称赞。根据“We all…them”可知，应该是以奥运选手为傲，故选A。 一．语法精讲——反意疑问句 一、used to 的用法 一、语法概述 used to意为“过去常常……”，表示过去的习惯、状态或过去反复发生的动作，暗含现在已不存在或不再发生之意。其中，to为不定式符号，后接动词原形，其主语可以是各种人称。 二、used to的句式 肯定句 used to +动词原形 He used to wear glasses.他过去戴眼镜。 否定句 didn’t use to +动词原形 He didn’t use to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。 usedn’t to +动词原形 He usedn’t to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。 一般疑问句及其答语 —Did sb. use to + 动词原形...? —Yes, sb did./No, sb didn’t. —Did he use to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗？ —Yes, he did./No, he didn’t.是的，他戴。/不，他不戴。 —Used sb to +动词原形...? —Yes, sb used to./No, sb usedn’t to. —Used he to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗？ —Yes,he uesd to./No, he usedn’t to.是的，他戴。/不，他不戴。 反意疑问句 附加疑问句部分用didn’t/usedn’t + sb或did/used + sb He used to wear glasses, didn’t he?他过去戴眼镜，不是吗？ He usedn’t to wear glasses, used he?他过去不戴眼镜，是吗？ 三、used to的there be句型 used to用于there be结构中时，形式为there used to be，表示“过去曾有”。 Eg.There used to be a private school here.这儿曾经有一所私立学校。 【即学即用】I’ll never forget the town in which there A a clean river and many big tall trees. A.used to be B.used to have C.was used to being D.was used to having 四、used to的相似结构辨析（重点） 句型 含义 用法 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 只用于过去式，其中to为不定式符号 be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 用于现在、过去或将来等多种时态，其中to为介词 be used to do sth 被用于做某事 用于多种时态 Eg.He got used to being the center of attention. 他习惯了成为关注的焦点。 Stamps can be used to send letters. 邮票可以用来寄信。 二、反意疑问句 知识点01 反意疑问句的定义与结构 【语法详解】定义：当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。 1. She is a student, isn’t she? 2. We speak Chinese, don’t we? 结构：反义疑问句构成：陈述句+简短问句？ 结构一： 前肯，+ 后否 eg. She is a student, isn’t she? 结构二： 前否，+ 后肯 eg. She isn’t a student, is she? 解题步骤： 1. 变：把前句变为一般疑问句(看变成一般疑问句之后第一个词是什么) 2. 反：前肯后否，前否后肯 3. 换：把主语换成人称代词 知识点02 特殊句式（否定意义的词） 【语法详解】反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom，以及no-短语 （no, no one,nobody,nothing）等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。 知识点03 特殊句式（否定意义的前缀的词） 【语法详解】反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-,-less, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。 知识点04 特殊句式（主语是this等代词） 【语法详解】当主语是this、that、everything、anything、nothing、to do短语、doing或其短语、从句时，疑问句部分主语用it；但是如果主语是those, these，疑问句主语用they。 知识点05 特殊句式（主语是somebody等代词） 【语法详解】当陈述部分主语是somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone)时，问句部分用he； 知识点06 特殊句式（主语是there be等代词） 【语法详解】当陈述部分是there be结构时，疑问句部分主语用 there。 知识点07 特殊句式（I am） 【语法详解】反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。 知识点08 特殊句式（must） 【语法详解】当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况： (1)mustn't表示“禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must. You mustn't stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？ (2)must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't. They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？ (3)当must用来表示对现 在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。 He must be good at English, isn’t he? 他英语一定学得很好，是吗？ She must be a good English teacher, isn’t she? 她一定是位优秀的英语老师，是吗？ 知识点09 特殊句式（need） 【语法详解】当陈述部分谓语动词是need,且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。若need 为情态动词，疑问部分用need构成。 We need to help them, don’t we? You needn’t go there, need you? 知识点10 特殊句式（祈使句） 【语法详解】(1)若为let’s引导，反问句用shall we? Let’s go home together, shall we? 让我们一起回家，好吗？ (2)若为let us/me引导 和否定祈使句，都用will you？ Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息，好吗？ Don’t make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音，好吗？ (3)肯定祈使句则用will you 或won’t you 都行 Do sit down, won’t you? / will you? 请坐，好吗？ You feed the bird today, will you? 今天你喂鸟，是吗？ Please open the window, will you? (won’t you?) 打开窗，好吗？ 知识点11 特殊句式（宾语从句） 【语法详解】陈述部分是主从复合句时，反义疑问句主语常与主句主语一致。 She said she would come tomorrow, didn’t she? 但当陈述部分是“ think/believe/guess/suppose+宾语从句”时，如果主句的主语是第一人称，疑问部分根据从句进行反问。口诀：一从二三主 一从：当主句的主语为第一人称（I/We），这是反义疑问句问句应该与从句一致。这时，如果存在否定前移，需要先把否定转移到从句处，再做反义疑问句的问句。其他和肯定句的方法一样。如： I think he is handsome, isn't he? / I don't think he is handsome, is he? 二三主：当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，反义疑问句问句与主句一致。注意：二三人称没有否点前移，所以不用考虑那么多，直接看主句，主句肯定问句用否定，反之。如： They think he is handsome, don't they? They don't think he is handsome, do they? 知识点11 回答 【语法详解】回答反意疑问句要根据事实来回答，肯定事实用Yes，否定事实就用No Yes, sb +助动词/情态动词/be动词 No, sb+助动词/情态动词/be动词+not Mary likes eating fish, doesn’t she? —Yes, she does.是的，她喜欢。 —No, she doesn’t.不，她不喜欢。 Mary doesn’t like eating fish, does she? —Yes, she does.不，她喜欢。 —No, she doesn’t.是的，她不喜欢。 【经典练】 1．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）—The old man never feels lonely, ________? —No, because he has many friends. A．does he B．won’t he C．doesn’t he 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这位老人从不感到孤独，是吗？——是的，因为他有很多朋友。 考查反意疑问句。此处是反意疑问句，遵循“前否后肯，前肯后否”原则。never表否定，故疑问句部分是肯定形式。故选A。 2．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）—You haven’t visited the Palace Museum, have you? —________ How I wish to visit it some day! A．No, I haven’t. B．Yes, I haven’t. C．Yes, I have. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你还没有参观过故宫，是吗？——还没。我多希望有一天我能去参观啊！ 考查反义疑问句。根据“How I wish to visit it some day!”可知是没有去参观过，应进行否定回答。故选A。 3．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Jean knew nothing about the news until her aunt told her, ________ ________? A．didn’t; she B．did; she C．didn’t; Jean 【答案】B 【详解】句意：珍在她姑姑告诉她之前对这个消息一无所知，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据反意疑问句“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则可知，前句是含有“nothing”的否定句，疑问句部分应用肯定形式，排除A和C选项，故选B。 4．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—Mum, let’s order some food online for dinner, ________? —Good idea. I’d like some beef dumplings. A．will you B．won’t you C．shall we 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我们在网上订晚餐吧，好吗？——好主意。我想要一些牛肉饺子。 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句由“陈述句+疑问尾句”两部分组成，以Let’s开头的祈使句，后面的附加问句要用shall we。故选C。 5．（2021·上海·中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家游乐园接待了很多游客，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据has received可知，前半句是现在完成时，是肯定句，后半句用否定形式，助动词用hasn’t ，故选B。 6．（2021·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）There is plenty of information about AI（人工智能）on the website, ___________? A．isn’t there B．isn’t it C．is there 【答案】A 【详解】句意：网站上有很多关于人工智能的信息，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的结构：前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定。陈述部分是肯定，疑问部分要用否定，排除C选项。there be句型的反意疑问句，疑问部分还是用there be，故选A。 7．I used to ________ too late, but now I am used to ________ early. A．stay up; go to bed B．staying up; going to bed C．stay up; going to bed D．staying up; go to bed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：过去我总是熬夜很晚，但现在我习惯了早睡。 考查非谓语动词。根据used to do过去常常，表示过去的习惯性动作，但现在不再这样了，排除B、D。be used to习惯于(某一客观事实或状态)，后面跟动名词或名词，be used to going to bed early意为“习惯了早睡”。故选C。 8．（24-25九年级上）My father ________ like collecting stamps, but now he likes collecting coins. A．is used to B．was used to C．used to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的爸爸曾经喜欢集邮，但是现在他喜欢收集硬币。 考查短语辨析。is used to do被用作做；was used to do过去式形式；used to do曾经做。根据“but now”可知此处应是曾经喜欢，故选C。 9．（24-25九年级上）I used to ________ my dream. But now I get used to ________ doing everything. I think I’ll be successful one day. A．give up, keeping B．giving up, keeping C．giving up, keep 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我曾经放弃过我的梦想。但现在我习惯了持续做任何事情。我认为我总有一天会成功的。 考查非谓语动词。give up放弃；keeping保持，keep的ing形式；keep保持，动词原形。根据used to do sth“过去常常做某事”可知，第一个空格用动词原形；根据get used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”可知，第二个空格填keeping。故选A。 10．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）I ________ watch TV at home, but now I am used to taking a walk in the park. A．used to B．get used to C．am used for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我以前在家看电视，但现在我习惯了在公园散步。 考查动词短语。used to do过去常常做某事；get used to doing习惯做某事；be used for被用来做……。根据“I ... watch TV at home, but now I am used to taking a walk in the park.”可知，此处表达的是过去常常在家看电视，用used to do。故选A。 二．写作精讲——游览 本单元的话题是“谈论生活变化”。主要描述过去经常做的事，以及自己或他人过去的外貌、性格、爱好等等；描述生活中发生的变化，以及发生变化的原因。此话题主要从以下三方面设题： ①介绍自己现在和过去的变化； ②介绍家人、同学、朋友等发生的变化； ③对于身边发生的变化给出一些评论等。 体裁：说明文 时态：用一般现在时和一般过去时 人称：第一人称。 词组：外貌：tall, big and strong, a little heavy, overweight (超重的), be of medium height / build, thin, short, light, straight / curly / long / short hair, high / big nose, big / bright eyes, wear glasses 性格：funny, friendly / nice / kind, outgoing, serious, humorous, active, brave, helpful, popular, talkative (健谈的), silent, quiet, shy, lazy, be easy / hard to get on / along with, be ready to help others 兴趣与爱好：in the school music / ... club, on a basketball / ... team, love / like / enjoy (playing) soccer / ..., be interested in  / be good at ..., dislike / can’t stand ... 行为习惯：watch TV / movies, listen to pop / ... music, hate P.E. / ... class, not eat a lot of vegetables / ..., not read a lot of books, be afraid of the dark / high places / being alone / giving a speech in public ... 学习：study / work hard, get good scores / grades on one’s exams, do well in school, be good at English / ..., become less / more interested in studying, be absent from classes, fail the exam, be bad at / be poor in / be bored with / do badly in ... 衣着：dress in black / ..., wear jeans / ..., be dressed as a boy, dress beautifully / nicely / poorly / simply / ... 句型： 1. ... used to be / do ..., but now ...   2. ... didn’t use to be / do ... 3. ... would often / usually / always ... 4. ... had the habit of ... 5. ... has / have changed so much / a lot / greatly / … 6. ... no longer ... 7. ... doesn’t / don’t ... anymore.         8. It was common to see ... do / doing ... (in those days / at that time / ...) 佳句赏析： 1. There have been great changes in my life in the last few years.在过去的几年里，我的生活发生了巨大的变化。 2. Many things have changed since I was a child.自从我还是个孩子以来，很多事情都发生了变化。 3. How greatly I have changed in the last few years!在过去的几年里，我发生了多么大的变化！ 4. People sure have changed, and so have I.人确实变了，我也变了。 5. It seems that I have changed a lot.看来我变了很多。 6. These years, I’m not who I used to be.这些年来，我已经不是以前的我了。 列提纲 写句子 我的变化 开头 1. My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 引出下文 我的一些变化 外貌方面：I used to be short, but now I’m one of the tallest students in my class. 性格方面：I used to be shy and quiet, but now I’m outgoing and I like to make friends. 爱好方面：I used to hate reading, but now I have fallen in love with it. 重要变化及如何发生的 The most important change in my life was becoming interested in reading. Last summer my best friend gave me an interesting book to read. I enjoyed it so much that I started to read other books. It was the most important change because reading gives me a lot of knowledge and makes me very happy. As a famous saying goes, “Reading makes a full man”. How I’ve Changed! My life has changed a lot in the last few years. I used to be short, but now I’m one of the tallest students in my class. I used to be shy and quiet, but now I’m outgoing and I like to make friends. I used to hate reading, but now I have fallen in love with it. The most important change in my life was becoming interested in reading. Last summer my best friend gave me an interesting book to read. I enjoyed it so much that I started to read other books. It was the most important change because reading gives me a lot of knowledge and makes me very happy. As a famous saying goes, “Reading makes a full man”. 我所发生的变化！ 在过去的几年里，我的生活发生了很大的变化。我过去很矮，但现在我是班上个子最高的学生之一。我过去很害羞，很安静，但现在我很外向，喜欢交朋友。我过去讨厌读书，但现在我爱上了它。 我生活中最重要的变化是对阅读产生了兴趣。去年夏天，我最好的朋友给了我一本有趣的书。我非常喜欢它，所以我开始读其他的书。这是最重要的变化，因为阅读给了我很多知识，让我非常快乐。正如一句名言所说，“读书使人充实”。 一、Words and expressions 1. humorous adj. 有幽默感的 humor n. 幽默；滑稽 a sense of humor 幽默感 He is very humorous and often tells us tons of jokes. 2. silent adj. 不说话的；沉默的 (1)（adj.）silent → adv. silently keep silent/ silence 保持沉默 be silent about 对…保持沉默 (2)（n.）silence silently=in silence 沉默地 adv. Finally, we walked back home in silence/ silently. 3. helpful (1) helpful adj. Our teacher gave us a lot of helpful books in math. 以”ful”为后缀的形容词还有: care-careful / use-useful / beauty-beautiful / peace-peaceful / thank-thankful/ hope-hopeful/ wonder-wonderful (2) help v. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 help oneself (to) 随便吃点 help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难 (3) help n. Thanks for your help. = Thanks for helping me. 4. interview v./n. 采访；面试 (1) have an interview 采访 (2) interviewer n. 面试者；采访者 interviewee n. 被访问者 5. deal-dealt-dealt 对待；对付 (1) (v.) 对付；对待 deal with sb./sth. 应对，处理 My math teacher is very difficult to deal with. I don’t know how to deal with it. = I don’t know what to do with it. (2) (n.) 协议，交易 have/make a deal with sb. a big deal 重要的事 It’s not a big deal. 6. dare v. 敢于 (1) 作实义动词，后接带to的不定式，在否定句中可以省略to。 As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class. (2) 作情态动词，后跟动词原形，常用于疑问句和否定句。 — How dare you treat me like this? — Sorry, I daren’t do it again. 7. require v. 需要 (1) require sth. It will require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed. (2) require sb. (not) to do sth. 需要某人做某事 He required two people to help him. (3) sb. be required to do sth. 被要求做某事 People are usually required to give a self-introduction in a job interview. (4) requirement c.n meet one’s requirements 满足某人的需求/符合 the basic requirements of life 基本生活所需 8. Asia 亚洲 Africa 非洲 Europe 欧洲 Britain 英国 (an)Asian 亚洲人 (an) African 非洲人 (a) European 欧洲人 (a) British 英国人 （可总结：a European, a UFO, a useful book, a university等） 9. public (1) public adj./n. 公开的；民众 在公共场合 in a public place (2) in public 公开地 I used to afraid of giving a speech in public. 10. influence v./n.影响 (1) (vt.) 影响；对…由作用 Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. (2) (n.) 影响；影响力 have (an) influence on/upon 对…有影响 The environmental pollution of Beijing had a great influence on the public. 11. seldom adv. 不常；很少 (1) always >usually>often>sometimes>seldom>hardly>never（对频率副词提问用how often） When he was a little boy, he seldom caused any problems, and his family spent a lot of time together. (2) 当反意疑问句总出现seldom, hardly, never, few等词时，应视为否定。He seldom goes to see the film, does he? 12. absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 ←→ present adj. 出席的；到场的 (1) adj. absent-minded 心不在焉的 n. absence (2) be absent from 缺席（后面往往跟地点名词，表示在某地点缺席） Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. 13. fail v. 不及格；失败；未能（做到） failure n. (1) fail to do sth. 未能做某事 Words fail to say how much I miss you. (2) fail in (doing) something 在(做)某方面失败 fail (in) the exam ←→ pass the exam If you don’t work hard, you will fail in (passing) the exam. (3) (un.) failure 失败 Failure is the mother of success. (success 用法类似) (cn.) failure 失败的人(事) Never treat yourself as a failure. You should believe in yourself. 14. pride (1) (un.) pride 骄傲 （c.n.）值得骄傲的人(物) (2) (adj.) proud 骄傲的，自豪的 A take/show/feel pride in B = A be proud of B =B is the pride of A (3) (adv.) proudly do sth. proudly = do sth. with pride 15. in person (1) in person 亲自；亲身 The teacher advised his parents to talk with their son in person. (2) (adj.) personal 个人的 personal computer 个人电脑 (3) (adv.) personally = in my opinion 个人而言（不与I think连用） 16. general (1) (adj.) 总的，普遍的 general introduction about 概述 (2) (adv.) generally generally (speaking) = in general 总而言之，概括地说 (3) (cn.) 将军 17. introduction n. 介绍 introduce v. (1) n. give a general self-introduction (2) introduce sb. = make an introduction of sb. (3) introduce A to B 把A介绍给B (4) introduce oneself = make a self-introduction 18. 固定搭配和短语 ① from time to time 时常，有时 ② get good scores on the exams考试中取得好成绩（注:get good grades in sth./doing） ③ sing in front of crowds 当众唱歌 ④ get tons of attention 获得大量的关注 ⑤ private time 私人时间 ⑥ give a speech in public在公共场合演讲 ⑦ an ant 蚂蚁 ⑧ send sb. to a boarding school 把某人送到寄宿学校 二、Key expressions 1. She was never brave enough to ask questions. 他从来都不敢大胆去问问题。 enough n./adj./adv. (1) n. 足够 No, thanks. I’ve had enough. (2) adj. 足够的，充分的 money enough/ enough money （修饰n.位置可前可后） (3) adv. 十分地，足够地 big/ quickly enough （修饰adj./adv.只能放其后） 2. I got tons of attention everywhere I go. 无论我到哪儿，总是被人关注。 got tons of attention 表示“被众人所关注”，此处 tons of 相当于lots of表示“很多”。 e.g. The sports stars in America can make tons of money. 3. She used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. 她过去很害羞，并用唱歌的方式处理胆怯。 take up (doing) sth.：占据（时间，空间）；开始从事 复习： take care 当心； take care of 照顾； take part in 参加； take off 脱下； 起飞 take away 带走； take out 拿出； take down 记下，写下； take turns 轮流； take place 发生； take a walk 散步 take a look 看一看 ※deal /cope with ：处理；对待 I don’t know how to deal with the problem. = I don’t know what to do with the problem. 4. As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class...随着她好转，她敢当着全班唱歌。 此处as译为“随着”，表伴随情况 e.g. As we grow older, we understand our parents better. 5. Many times I thought about giving up, but I fought on.许多次我都想放弃，但我奋力坚持了下来。 本句中fight 为“努力去做”，副词on表示“继续（地）”。fight on 表“奋力坚持下去” (walk on/ move on…)。 6. Only a very small number of people make it to the top. 只有一小部分人能够成为佼佼者。 a number of 表示“许多；大量”，修饰可数名词复数。 a number of... 结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 a large/small number of ...大量的/少量的 the number of 表示“...的数量”，修饰可数名词。 the number of... 结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 There are a number of students in No.10 Middle school, and the number of them is more than 9,000. ※ make it 1) 表示事业成功 e.g. You will make it if you try. 2) 表示某人做成某事 e.g. Trust me. He will make it (to the top). 3) 表示即使抵达某地 e.g. It’s too late. I don’t think we can make it. 4) 表示约定时间 e.g. Let’s make it at 7:00. 7. It’s hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school.很难相信他过去在学校有困难。 It’s hard to believe+ that 从句 很难相信......，it 是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。 8. His parents’ love made him feel good about himself. 他父母的爱让他对自己有信心。 made him feel...属于make sb. do sth.的结构，表示“使某人做某事”，其中do sth.是make的宾语补足语。 feel good about 对...感觉良好 三、语法used to 1. used to 后接动词原形 (无人称和数的变化)，意为“过去常常”，暗含现在已经不这样了。 2. 基本句式： ①（肯）主语+ used to + 动词原形 He used to study hard. ②（否） A： 主语+ did not use to +动词原形 <美>He didn’t use to study hard. B：主语+ used not to+ 动词原形 <英>He usedn’t to study hard. ③（一般疑问句） A: Did+主语+use to+动词原形 <美> Did he use to study hard? （答）Yes，he did. / No，he didn’t. B: Used+主语+to+动词原形 <英Used he to study hard? （答）Yes，he used to. / No，he usedn’t. 注：used to 用于省略句时，肯定式保留to，否定式不保留to ④（特殊疑问句）（A）What did he use to do? <美> （B）What used he to do? <英> 3. used to 的反义疑问句 ①She used to be short, didn’t/ usedn’t she ? ②There used to be a bookstore, didn’t/ usedn’t there ? （There be句型不与have/has 连用） ③used to 反义疑问句的答语，根据事实真假作答。 You used to be short, didn’t you? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 4. 当used to 句型的答语中出现be和have（表“有”）时，be或have均不能省。 Did the woman use to be happy? Yes, she did. Used the woman to be happy? Yes, she used to be. Used you to have a dog? Yes, I used to have. Used you to have junk food? Yes, we used to. （此处have表“吃”，不表示“有”） 5. 区别used to do sth./ be used to do sth. / be used to doing sth. ①used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 ②be used to do sth.= be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 Trees are used to make （for making）paper. ③be used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯于做某事 I am used to having a shower every day，but I didn’t use to. ( 15 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$